21/01/2016

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:00:07. > :00:14.Russia stands accused of state-sponsored murde, after the

:00:15. > :00:20.killing of the former spy, Alexander Litvinenko.

:00:21. > :00:23.He died of radiation poisoning in London in 2006.

:00:24. > :00:25.An independent inquiry says it was probably sanctioned

:00:26. > :00:33.I'm of course very pleased that the words my husband spoke

:00:34. > :00:35.on his deathbed when he accused Mr Putin of his murder

:00:36. > :00:42.International arrest warrants remain in place for the men accused

:00:43. > :00:46.of the murder but Russia refuses to extradite them.

:00:47. > :00:49.This was a blatant and unacceptable breach of the most fundamental

:00:50. > :00:58.tenets of international law and civilised behaviour

:00:59. > :01:06.But the Government has come under pressure from all sides to take much

:01:07. > :01:13.A "dark chapter" - the BBC's verdict on the Savile

:01:14. > :01:15.scandal, as an early draft of an official report is leaked.

:01:16. > :01:17.How close is David Cameron to a deal on EU reform?

:01:18. > :01:22.As the debate on Trident intensifies, we take a closer look

:01:23. > :01:31.If the Prime Minister ever were to give the order to fire,

:01:32. > :01:34.it's from here, via a trigger just like this, that the Trident nuclear

:01:35. > :01:38.And a radical approach to protecting the South African rhino from the

:01:39. > :01:46.A revolution in rail services - proposals for the Mayor to take

:01:47. > :01:51.And the companies fighting back against the housing crisis -

:01:52. > :02:17.A decade after the former Russian spy Alexander Litvinenko

:02:18. > :02:19.was murdered in London, a public inquiry has found

:02:20. > :02:22.a "strong probability" that his death was ordered

:02:23. > :02:25.by the Russian security service and approved by President Putin.

:02:26. > :02:28.The Russians have dismissed the findings as absurd

:02:29. > :02:33.But the Home Secretary said it was a "blatant breach

:02:34. > :02:38.Mr Litvinenko died in hospital three weeks after drinking tea laced

:02:39. > :02:40.with a highly radioactive substance, as our security correspondent,

:02:41. > :02:48.Alexander Litvinenko met a slow, painful death -

:02:49. > :02:54.Today a judge concluded he was killed in an operation

:02:55. > :02:56.by the Russian Security Service, the FSB, likely organised

:02:57. > :03:17.-- likely authorised at the highest level.

:03:18. > :03:20.The FSB operation to kill Mr Litvinenko was probably approved

:03:21. > :03:22.by Mr Patrushev, then head of the FSB, and also by President

:03:23. > :03:27.Litvinenko was a former Russian intelligence officer,

:03:28. > :03:29.who'd spoken out about corruption, and then fled with his

:03:30. > :03:34.In 2006, he met two Russians, former FSB officer, Andrei Lugovoi,

:03:35. > :03:38.and Dmitry Kovtun, both caught here on CCTV.

:03:39. > :03:42.In the Pine Bar, Litvinenko was served a drink with this teapot

:03:43. > :03:46.which was laced with radioactive polonium.

:03:47. > :03:53.Police would be able to follow a trail of radioactivity

:03:54. > :03:55.from restaurants, to football stadiums, all leaving

:03:56. > :04:00.Including even from the teapot, which was used again.

:04:01. > :04:02.It took Litvinenko himself three weeks to die.

:04:03. > :04:09.There were audible gasps here in court when the judge said

:04:10. > :04:20.responsibility probably lay at the highest levels of the Kremlin

:04:21. > :04:23.and this report argues the motive was that Litvinenko was viewed

:04:24. > :04:28.Litvinenko was so hated that Russian special forces used his image

:04:29. > :04:33.Today's report said that's because of his accusations of murder

:04:34. > :04:36.and corruption against the FSB and Putin.

:04:37. > :04:38.And the Russians had learned he'd begun working with Britain's MI6.

:04:39. > :04:41.That came when Litvinenko tried to recruit Lugovoi

:04:42. > :04:46.also to work for MI6, not realising where his true loyalties lay.

:04:47. > :04:49.Today his widow, who fought for years for this inquiry,

:04:50. > :04:52.told me the British Government must now expel all Russian spies based

:04:53. > :04:55.in their London Embassy and take action against senior

:04:56. > :05:03.We are looking for this personal sanction against people

:05:04. > :05:08.who were involved in the crime against my husband.

:05:09. > :05:10.Today in the Commons, the Government said it

:05:11. > :05:13.would consider the implications of the report.

:05:14. > :05:16.The conclusion that the Russian state was probably involved

:05:17. > :05:21.in the murder of Mr Litvinenko is deeply disturbing.

:05:22. > :05:26.It goes without saying that this was a blatant and unacceptable

:05:27. > :05:29.breach of the most fundamental tenets of international law

:05:30. > :05:38.But, the Opposition criticised the Government's response.

:05:39. > :05:42.I am not sure it goes anywhere near enough in answering

:05:43. > :05:45.the seriousness of the findings in this report.

:05:46. > :05:49.Indeed, it could send a dangerous signal to Russia,

:05:50. > :05:55.Today two of the most powerful men in Russia,

:05:56. > :05:58.a former director of the Security Service,

:05:59. > :06:01.and the country's leader, were named as likely responsible

:06:02. > :06:04.for what's been described as "an act of nuclear terrorism

:06:05. > :06:09.A murder which left Alexander Litvinenko's

:06:10. > :06:11.body so radioactive, it had to be buried

:06:12. > :06:22.Russia reacted angrily to the inquiry and accused

:06:23. > :06:28.The Russian ambassador was summoned to the Foreign Office.

:06:29. > :06:30.He emerged from the meeting with a warning that relations

:06:31. > :06:35.Our diplomatic correspondent, Bridget Kendall, considers

:06:36. > :06:40.the potential long-term consequences of the Litvinenko case.

:06:41. > :06:47.Top story on Russian TV news this evening, but the findings of the

:06:48. > :06:52.Litvinenko report were described as "be a sound and a farce" by the

:06:53. > :06:56.Russian government. Also speaking out, the main suspect, Andrei

:06:57. > :07:02.Lugovoi, who dismissed the findings as an attempt to slur Russia.

:07:03. > :07:06.TRANSLATION: Before it was just me and Kovtun. Now the report says

:07:07. > :07:12.probably Russia's leaders were involved. But where's the evidence?

:07:13. > :07:16.What's the motive? It's some group in the British establishment which

:07:17. > :07:21.wants to worsen relations with Russia. In London, the Russian

:07:22. > :07:25.Ambassador was summoned to the Foreign Office, where Britain laid

:07:26. > :07:28.down the same demands it made nearly a decade ago, that the suspectsk

:07:29. > :07:32.extradited and Russia explain the actions of its Security Service.

:07:33. > :07:38.Afterwards he dismissed it as a white wash. For us, it is absolutely

:07:39. > :07:42.unacceptable that the report concludes that the Russian state was

:07:43. > :07:49.in anyway involved in the death of Mr Litvinenko. This this cannot help

:07:50. > :07:52.but hurt our by lateral relations. Today's response by the British

:07:53. > :07:58.Government, this Litvinenko report, is, let's face it, minimal. Asset

:07:59. > :08:03.freezes on the two suspects and the Russian Ambassador called in here to

:08:04. > :08:06.the Foreign Office. The reason is, Britain faces a delemia, yes, the

:08:07. > :08:12.report looks like a threat but Russia is also needed as a partner.

:08:13. > :08:16.First in Syria, where Russia's air strikes are trouble bug West wants

:08:17. > :08:21.it to help with peace talks and to combat so-called IS extremists. Then

:08:22. > :08:26.there's Iran's nuclear deal. Well, Russia was apparently helpful. And

:08:27. > :08:31.lastly Ukraine, where Russia may have fuelled the conflict but it is

:08:32. > :08:34.also needed to end T aggressive, authoritarian, Putin's Russia may

:08:35. > :08:39.invite zero trust in the West but it is too important to be totally

:08:40. > :08:42.ostracised. We have put sanctions in place, led the arguments in Europe

:08:43. > :08:46.for sanctions against Russia because of theirI will Lille action in the

:08:47. > :08:50.Ukraine but do we, at some level, have to go on having some sort of

:08:51. > :08:55.relationship with them because we need a solution to the Syria crisis?

:08:56. > :09:01.Yes, we do. But we do it with clear eyes and a very cold heart.

:09:02. > :09:06.Less than six months ago, they were shaking hands. Now the problem for

:09:07. > :09:08.Britain, how to deal with Mr Putin without letting him think he can get

:09:09. > :09:16.away with anything. Lawyers for Jimmy Savile's victims

:09:17. > :09:18.say they're astonished that an independent review seems to have

:09:19. > :09:20.accepted that senior BBC managers A leaked early draft version

:09:21. > :09:32.of the report by Dame Janet Smith identifies dozens of sexual assaults

:09:33. > :09:34.linked to the corporation. BBC managers confronted Savile

:09:35. > :09:36.during the 1970s but the report concludes they had no evidence

:09:37. > :09:38.of wrongdoing, as David I'll tell you what we'll do now,

:09:39. > :09:43.ladies and gentlemen. Girls at Top Of The Pops

:09:44. > :09:49.in the '70s were, it said, But the BBC isn't

:09:50. > :09:56.responding just yet. What happened was a dark chapter

:09:57. > :10:00.in the history of the BBC. The review has said that the copy

:10:01. > :10:04.leaked to the media was an early draft, which has changed

:10:05. > :10:09.considerably, so while I'm impatient to learn those lessons,

:10:10. > :10:12.the responsible thing must be to act on the final report,

:10:13. > :10:16.which we've not yet received. But this draft does shed a great

:10:17. > :10:23.deal of light on questions such And, most importantly,

:10:24. > :10:30.what did the people at the top know? He tended to take over

:10:31. > :10:36.things when he was there. Derek Chinnery ran Radio

:10:37. > :10:39.1 in the late '70s. Savile was at his leaving party,

:10:40. > :10:47.but the report highlights another meeting that began with a call from

:10:48. > :10:50.his boss. He'd heard rumours about what Savile

:10:51. > :10:52.had been up to and would Savile had been summoned

:10:53. > :10:58.to a meeting, but what did Derek Chinnery remembered very

:10:59. > :11:02.little, but he wasn't alone Doreen Davies, here in the centre,

:11:03. > :11:07.was the official observer. She's never spoken before,

:11:08. > :11:08.and crucially she remembers exactly Taking 14-year-old girls home

:11:09. > :11:24.from Top Of The Pops. He said - I believe that one

:11:25. > :11:30.of the stories was you had girls in your flat in London, so Jimmy

:11:31. > :11:33.Savile said, yes, yes, that's right. Savile said he was just

:11:34. > :11:36.keeping the girls safe. Dame Janet Smith spoke to more

:11:37. > :11:49.than 100 people who'd heard rumours. These two senior figures from Radio

:11:50. > :11:52.1 had heard nothing. No one was whispering,

:11:53. > :11:54.no one was gossiping? This too is the conclusion

:11:55. > :12:06.of the draft report. No one at the top knew,

:12:07. > :12:09.but the victims have their doubts. I met - we'll call her Jane -

:12:10. > :12:15.who as a 15-year-old was assaulted by Savile in a Top Of

:12:16. > :12:19.The Pops dressing room. I am certain that people were aware

:12:20. > :12:22.of what or why Savile took me Because you were seen to be taken

:12:23. > :12:27.by him to that dressing Regardless of whether in the '70s

:12:28. > :12:38.that lifestyle was different, Savile got away with it and this

:12:39. > :12:46.report, like the police, like the NHS, has

:12:47. > :12:47.the same conclusion. Why didn't people

:12:48. > :12:50.ask more questions? David Cameron is unlikely

:12:51. > :12:59.to get an agreement on reform of the European Union

:13:00. > :13:02.at next month's summit, according to the French Prime

:13:03. > :13:04.Minister, Manuel Valls. Mr Cameron has repeatedly said he's

:13:05. > :13:07.hopeful of a deal in February and has suggested a referendum

:13:08. > :13:09.on Britain's membership could be But speaking at an economic summit

:13:10. > :13:18.in Switzerland today, he said he was in "no hurry",

:13:19. > :13:20.as our economics editor, For a man who claimed

:13:21. > :13:25.not to be in a hurry, there was certainly a gear

:13:26. > :13:27.change over Europe today, as the Prime Minister came

:13:28. > :13:29.to the Alps to sell to political and business leaders

:13:30. > :13:32.what he sees as the best deal I can hold my referendum at any time

:13:33. > :13:48.up until the end of 2017, but of course I think it would be

:13:49. > :13:54.good for Europe and good for Britain if we demonstrated that we can turn

:13:55. > :13:57.the goodwill that there is into the actions that

:13:58. > :13:59.are necessary to put this The Prime Minister admitted

:14:00. > :14:04.there was still some way to go and he made it clear that curbs

:14:05. > :14:06.on EU citizens coming to Britain were an essential part

:14:07. > :14:11.of the renegotiation package. If there is no deal on welfare curbs

:14:12. > :14:15.for immigrants from the EU into Britain, is there

:14:16. > :14:19.no deal at all? This migration welfare question

:14:20. > :14:22.is absolutely crucial. You should have to wait four years

:14:23. > :14:25.before you get full access As I've said, that proposal

:14:26. > :14:30.remains on the table. I know that some other countries

:14:31. > :14:34.have difficulties with it. David Cameron is here

:14:35. > :14:36.in Davos with a big message Back my efforts, he says,

:14:37. > :14:45.to keep Britain inside a reformed European Union, but actually it's

:14:46. > :14:48.not the big public stages that It's those private negotiations

:14:49. > :14:57.with other European leaders and global leaders, and those

:14:58. > :14:59.are happening today, One of those meetings

:15:00. > :15:04.was with Mark Rutte, the Dutch Prime Minister

:15:05. > :15:06.and Mr Cameron's ally, but on the issue of curbing

:15:07. > :15:09.migration it wasn't I think the concrete idea

:15:10. > :15:14.on the table has this notion of discrimination, so what we now

:15:15. > :15:17.have to do together collectively is find a solution for all the 28

:15:18. > :15:20.in which you would uphold the principle of free movement,

:15:21. > :15:23.uphold the principle of non-discrimination,

:15:24. > :15:26.and I think that is doable. The rest of Davos is watching

:15:27. > :15:29.and for the biggest beast, We think it is in the UK's interest,

:15:30. > :15:36.Europe's interest, and global interest to keep the union together

:15:37. > :15:39.and to have the United Kingdom stay I'm not sure David Cameron

:15:40. > :15:56.is representing our interests I mean, I think it's really very

:15:57. > :16:00.disappointing that the changes he is trying to push

:16:01. > :16:03.through are so small. The skies were clear

:16:04. > :16:05.over the Alps today, but Mr Cameron knows there could be

:16:06. > :16:09.a few more icy moments before any deal is put to the British public

:16:10. > :16:12.in that long-awaited EU referendum. Our political editor

:16:13. > :16:30.Laura Kuenssberg is in Downing When Mr Cameron says he is in no

:16:31. > :16:35.hurry at all, does that mean he's has given up hope of a deal next

:16:36. > :16:39.month? I don't think you've given up, but certainly no politician

:16:40. > :16:41.wants to look like a fool, and if he'd allowed a sense of

:16:42. > :16:44.inevitability to carry on and then it failed next month, that would

:16:45. > :16:48.have looked like a big failure of the him as well but I can tell you

:16:49. > :16:59.tonight the bigger reason is that the negotiations are a long way off

:17:00. > :17:01.from being complete. Countries are still far apart on issues like

:17:02. > :17:04.whether or not the UK can ban benefits for four years for EU

:17:05. > :17:07.workers. There is no final agreement as I understand it in any of the

:17:08. > :17:09.four areas where David Cameron wants to see change. There is nothing on

:17:10. > :17:14.paper yet, no concrete proposals in sight. There are areas of broad

:17:15. > :17:17.agreement. There has been progress in all of this. But for David

:17:18. > :17:20.Cameron I think the sense was he wanted to arrest this sense that the

:17:21. > :17:24.deal was inevitably going to happen in a matter of weeks. There is

:17:25. > :17:28.nothing that is certain about that. Now stand back for a second. There

:17:29. > :17:33.is real political drive and goodwill to make it happen, but that's not

:17:34. > :17:41.the same as him being able to come back next month waving a piece of

:17:42. > :17:44.paper and claiming triumph already. In a sense as the front -- French

:17:45. > :17:47.Prime Minister Manuel Valls said, it's not likely, but it's certainly

:17:48. > :17:51.going to happen, there's a sense it was a reality check.

:17:52. > :17:54.In Germany, Chancellor Merkel is facing louder calls to limit

:17:55. > :17:55.the number of refugees entering the country.

:17:56. > :17:57.Her government announced today that emergency border controls

:17:58. > :18:00.would remain in place indefinitely following public disquiet over

:18:01. > :18:03.the number of people seeking asylum, many of them fleeing

:18:04. > :18:08.More than a million asylum seekers arrived in 2015,

:18:09. > :18:14.and officials say 2000 people are still arriving every day.

:18:15. > :18:16.Our Europe editor Katya Adler reports from Berlin on the changing

:18:17. > :18:25.This is what looking after yourself and your family is beginning to look

:18:26. > :18:31.Non-lethal gas pistols, mace and pepper spray are flying off

:18:32. > :18:37.Customers say they want them for self-defence.

:18:38. > :18:42.A lot of women are coming to us and a lot of other people.

:18:43. > :18:53.Normally it's full here but now, you see, it is empty,

:18:54. > :18:59.The shop manager here told us the New Year's Eve sexual assault

:19:00. > :19:06.by migrants in the city of Cologne has changed everything.

:19:07. > :19:08.TRANSLATION: I'm worried about my wife.

:19:09. > :19:10.Everywhere I've been is sold out of pepper spray.

:19:11. > :19:14.I'm not a racist but I think women now need to protect themselves.

:19:15. > :19:17.For German society, this is a dramatic shift.

:19:18. > :19:22.Because of this country's Nazi past, people have tended to be sensitive

:19:23. > :19:25.about their attitude towards minorities and the use

:19:26. > :19:30.They put their trust in their Government,

:19:31. > :19:32.particularly Angela Merkel, to provide the stability

:19:33. > :19:37.and security this country holds so dear.

:19:38. > :19:39.But now most Germans say they feel the migration situation

:19:40. > :19:49.Most Germans are very concerned about migration,

:19:50. > :19:53.but they are not calling for a stop to it altogether.

:19:54. > :19:56.When the virulently anti-immigrant Pegida movement takes

:19:57. > :20:02.to the streets, as here, there tends to be angry counter-demonstrations.

:20:03. > :20:04.There is a huge amount of tension here tonight.

:20:05. > :20:08.Traditionally in Germany there is a rift between activists

:20:09. > :20:11.on the right on the left but the migrant question is pushing

:20:12. > :20:19.A far cry from the ordered country Germany likes to be,

:20:20. > :20:21.the Merkel Government has been accused of failing its people,

:20:22. > :20:24.opening its doors to over a million newcomers, without considering

:20:25. > :20:33.If a challenge is huge, usually it'll trigger

:20:34. > :20:39.We'll have to address them and the first step in addressing

:20:40. > :20:46.We will do it along with other European partners.

:20:47. > :20:49.Another huge challenge for Germany is how to integrate

:20:50. > :20:55.Language classes are a start but there's a concern amongst

:20:56. > :20:57.Germany's migrant communities, recently arrived and

:20:58. > :21:01.well-established, that the criminal behaviour of some, will

:21:02. > :21:08.This man has lived here in Berlin for 30 years.

:21:09. > :21:11.TRANSLATION: In one night in Cologne, Germany's welcoming

:21:12. > :21:16.There is a new kind of racism here, affecting all of us

:21:17. > :21:22.But I'm optimistic Angela Merkel can work this out.

:21:23. > :21:25."We can do this" said Mrs Merkel a few months ago.

:21:26. > :21:31.The migrant question has thrown the EU into crisis and even this,

:21:32. > :21:39.its most powerful nation, is struggling to find a way out.

:21:40. > :21:42.The Crown Prosecution Service is to review its file on the death

:21:43. > :21:44.of Poppi Worthington following the findings

:21:45. > :21:46.of a High Court family judge this week.

:21:47. > :21:48.The judge ruled that the one-year-old girl had been

:21:49. > :21:51.sexually assaulted by her father before her death at home

:21:52. > :21:58.Her father, Paul Worthington, was never charged with any crime,

:21:59. > :22:07.Dylan Seabridge was an eight-year-old boy who died

:22:08. > :22:10.of scurvy in 2011 in rural Pembrokeshire.

:22:11. > :22:13.Scurvy is a disease rarely seen in the UK these days,

:22:14. > :22:17.and is associated with a very poor diet and a deficiency of Vitamin C.

:22:18. > :22:20.A serious case review into the circumstances of his death

:22:21. > :22:24.has still not been published, but the BBC has seen a draft version

:22:25. > :22:27.which says the authorities were aware of concerns over a year

:22:28. > :22:34.Our social affairs correspondent Alison Holt has the story.

:22:35. > :22:36.This is rural Pembrokeshire, with farms and occasional houses

:22:37. > :22:42.It's the area where Dylan Seabridge lived, his home at the end

:22:43. > :22:46.He was invisible to the authorities, according to the draft

:22:47. > :22:49.of the serious case review leaked to BBC Wales.

:22:50. > :22:52.It says they knew so little about Dylan, it was impossible

:22:53. > :23:00.The inquest into his death heard although he was registered

:23:01. > :23:03.with a GP, no record was found of him seeing a doctor or dentist

:23:04. > :23:09.from 13 months old, until he died of scurvy, aged eight.

:23:10. > :23:12.Scurvy is a disease that develops as a consequence of not having

:23:13. > :23:19.Dr John Puntis is an expert in children's nutrition.

:23:20. > :23:23.He says scurvy is easily treatable if identified.

:23:24. > :23:29.I think this child would have been very miserable, very uncomfortable.

:23:30. > :23:33.I think he would have had pain in his limbs and joints.

:23:34. > :23:38.He was probably able to do very little for himself at the end.

:23:39. > :23:40.Dylan's parents were charged with neglect after his

:23:41. > :23:45.The Crown Prosecution Service dropped the charges in November

:23:46. > :23:50.2014, deciding it wasn't in the public interest to continue.

:23:51. > :23:53.At the inquest into their son's death, his parents disputed that

:23:54. > :23:56.Dylan had scurvy and they also say he was not invisible

:23:57. > :24:01.The draft serious case review details a complicated story.

:24:02. > :24:04.It says Dylan's parents were in a lengthy legal dispute

:24:05. > :24:08.with neighbouring Ceredigion Council, after his mother,

:24:09. > :24:11.a teacher, injured herself at one of their schools.

:24:12. > :24:13.During the case, a lawyer and headteacher, concerned

:24:14. > :24:16.by the mother's mental health, alerted the authorities

:24:17. > :24:21.That was a year before Dylan's death.

:24:22. > :24:24.The report says he was not known to Pembrokeshire education officials

:24:25. > :24:30.The report concludes that the laws and the regulations that surround

:24:31. > :24:33.home education in Wales need strengthening as

:24:34. > :24:38.It goes as far as to say that existing regulations are inadequate

:24:39. > :24:46.The former Ceredigion Council lawyer who wanted checks made can't

:24:47. > :24:50.understand why four years after Dylan's death, no official

:24:51. > :25:00.It seems clear that nobody is interested in anybody being told

:25:01. > :25:07.In statements, Ceredigion Council insists it provided information

:25:08. > :25:10.promptly for the unpublished serious case review.

:25:11. > :25:13.Pembrokeshire Council says the review process was suspended

:25:14. > :25:16.during the lengthy criminal investigation and that system

:25:17. > :25:21.changes mean a different type of review is now under way.

:25:22. > :25:24.The Welsh government is due to publish new guidance

:25:25. > :25:33.Alison Holt, BBC News, Pembrokeshire.

:25:34. > :25:35.The Defence Secretary Michael Fallon is claiming that the UK's Trident

:25:36. > :25:38.nuclear weapons system has "never been needed more than it is today".

:25:39. > :25:41.Mr Fallon was speaking on a visit to the Faslane naval base

:25:42. > :25:45.in Scotland, home to the fleet of submarines which carry the missiles.

:25:46. > :25:47.There's intense political controversy about the government's

:25:48. > :25:50.plans for renewing Trident, as our Scotland editor

:25:51. > :25:58.Deep inside HMS Vigilant, the control room is the heart

:25:59. > :26:05.The crew boast their vessel is more complex than the space shuttle.

:26:06. > :26:11.But as you can see, the technology is not exactly cutting edge.

:26:12. > :26:14.Designed back in the '80s, and it shows.

:26:15. > :26:17.Four new subs need to be commissioned soon if they are to

:26:18. > :26:23.Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn has suggested those vessels need not

:26:24. > :26:27.carry nuclear weapons - an idea met with scorn here.

:26:28. > :26:30.If this submarine did not have nuclear warheads it would not

:26:31. > :26:35.So it wouldn't be at sea doing sea patrols.

:26:36. > :26:38.Could you replace the nuclear warheads with some kind

:26:39. > :26:42.of conventional weapon and then have it as an offensive capability?

:26:43. > :26:45.There is no policy for that and I do not know what you would

:26:46. > :26:51.Each sub can carry up to 16 Trident missiles,

:26:52. > :26:58.This is what the UK's nuclear button looks like.

:26:59. > :27:01.Wisely, they're not letting me hold the real one,

:27:02. > :27:05.but if the Prime Minister ever were to give the order to fire,

:27:06. > :27:08.it's from here, via a trigger just like this, that the Trident nuclear

:27:09. > :27:13.Labour are reviewing their nuclear weapons policy and didn't

:27:14. > :27:20.While the Defence Secretary Michael Fallon dropped in to visit Vigilant.

:27:21. > :27:24.The nuclear deterrent has never been needed more than it is today.

:27:25. > :27:27.It's quite wrong to hark back to the Cold War and say we didn't

:27:28. > :27:31.use it then and we don't need it now.

:27:32. > :27:34.In fact, we've never needed it more than we need it today.

:27:35. > :27:37.All the nuclear subs are based at Faslane in Scotland,

:27:38. > :27:40.where the political argument looks rather different.

:27:41. > :27:43.Scottish Labour are opposed to renewing Trident and the SNP have

:27:44. > :27:48.long wanted to get rid of all nuclear weapons.

:27:49. > :27:52.Remember, if these nuclear weapons were used, we would wipe out swathes

:27:53. > :27:56.of civilisation, but I also have a very practical objection.

:27:57. > :27:59.You know, we see conventional defence forces starved of resources.

:28:00. > :28:04.We've lost a significant number of frontline troops in recent years,

:28:05. > :28:07.while the defence budget is skewed evermore towards

:28:08. > :28:13.There has to be a parliamentary vote on Trident renewal

:28:14. > :28:17.The government say they're confident of winning,

:28:18. > :28:20.whatever Labour does, but won't say when that

:28:21. > :28:29.The South African rhino is under increasing threat from poachers -

:28:30. > :28:33.driven by growing demand for rhino horns from buyers in Asia.

:28:34. > :28:36.In 2007, it's thought 13 rhinos were killed by poachers in South

:28:37. > :28:42.By last year that number had risen sharply, to nearly 1200.

:28:43. > :28:45.One rhino breeder has come up with somewhat controversial

:28:46. > :28:48.solution, removing the horns himself, and selling them -

:28:49. > :28:51.trying to put the poachers out of business - as our correspondent

:28:52. > :29:00.Stalking the rhino - not to kill, but to save lives.

:29:01. > :29:03.They're darted, sedated, then eased to the ground.

:29:04. > :29:09.They are about to remove part of the valuable horn which poachers

:29:10. > :29:11.are prepared to kill for, threatening to make

:29:12. > :29:22.There is no nerve supply to the part of the horn we are trimming.

:29:23. > :29:32.Now the ban on selling it locally has been lifted in South Africa.

:29:33. > :29:35.Demand may be limited here, but it's a first step to global

:29:36. > :29:38.trade, and this is the man who has pushed for it.

:29:39. > :29:42.We are supplying that demand with dead rhino.

:29:43. > :29:47.We could very easily supply that demand from live rhino.

:29:48. > :29:49.Are you a businessman or a conservationist first?

:29:50. > :29:54.The fact that I have bred 750 rhinos, does that make me

:29:55. > :30:01.But his critics fear relaxing the rules in South Africa won't stop

:30:02. > :30:05.those preying on these creatures, because of a huge demand for rhino

:30:06. > :30:11.There's no proposal on the table that shows if there is any legal

:30:12. > :30:14.trade at all how it's going to be controlled,

:30:15. > :30:19.how we will stop that legal horn going into the illegal markets.

:30:20. > :30:21.We see the situation in Vietnam is very serious.

:30:22. > :30:24.The rhino horn has ended up in China.

:30:25. > :30:27.Those countries at the moment are not controlling their illegal

:30:28. > :30:36.Once the rhino horn is removed it will be added to a secret stockpile.

:30:37. > :30:38.Security is so tight we can't even film that,

:30:39. > :30:44.Just to give you some idea, one kilo of rhino horn on the black

:30:45. > :30:47.market is worth about ?42,000, so you can understand why it's such

:30:48. > :30:54.As the horn is weighed ready to be taken away,

:30:55. > :30:59.one of the biggest debates in conservation rages on.

:31:00. > :31:17.We'll have reaction to the Litvinenko enquirer tonight. George

:31:18. > :31:22.Galloway will be among us, among others, as he changed his view of Mr

:31:23. > :31:24.Putin? Join me now on BBC Two, 11pm in Scotland.