:00:07. > :00:08.Tonight at Ten: Russian forces are to be withdrawn
:00:09. > :00:11.President Putin says their mission has been accomplished.
:00:12. > :00:13.For the past six months, they've been attacking
:00:14. > :00:16.the enemies of President Bashar al-Assad but now they say it's time
:00:17. > :00:21.While the rest of the world was taken by surprise,
:00:22. > :00:27.had agreed the change with Syria over the past few weeks.
:00:28. > :00:29.TRANSLATION: With the participation of the Russian military,
:00:30. > :00:31.there has been a dramatic turnaround in the situation
:00:32. > :00:37.in the fight against international terrorism.
:00:38. > :00:39.We'll have the latest from the Syrian capital,
:00:40. > :00:41.Damascus, and we'll be reporting on the continued turbulence
:00:42. > :00:51.In Germany, Chancellor Merkel says she will not close the door
:00:52. > :00:54.on migrants despite major losses for her party in regional elections.
:00:55. > :00:59.Hundreds of migrants leave a camp in northern Greece, wading
:01:00. > :01:07.through water to avoid a border fence to cross into Macedonia.
:01:08. > :01:09.From rebel to master of the Queen's music, the composer
:01:10. > :01:12.Sir Peter Maxwell-Davies has died at the age of 81.
:01:13. > :01:15.And the mysterious evolution of T-Rex - we report on a great leap
:01:16. > :01:23.And coming up in Sportsday on BBC News, can Leicester
:01:24. > :01:25.extend their lead at the top of the Premier
:01:26. > :01:29.Or will Rafa Benitez start his tenure at Newcastle United
:01:30. > :01:56.President Putin of Russia has taken the international community
:01:57. > :01:58.by surprise and ordered most of his forces to
:01:59. > :02:01.Mr Putin said that the Russian military intervention,
:02:02. > :02:06.which started last September, had largely achieved its objectives
:02:07. > :02:09.and now was the time to intensify the peace process.
:02:10. > :02:11.American officials said they'd had no advance warning
:02:12. > :02:16.Over the past six months, Russia has invested heavily
:02:17. > :02:21.in its air and naval facilities at Latakia and Tartus.
:02:22. > :02:23.It's carried out thousands of air strikes across Syria,
:02:24. > :02:25.taking significant territory from the enemies of President Basha
:02:26. > :02:31.Our chief international correspondent Lyse Doucet
:02:32. > :02:42.is in the Syrian capital Damascus tonight.
:02:43. > :02:49.The message from the president's office here in Damascus in the last
:02:50. > :02:54.hour is that the move by Russia was coordinated with the President's
:02:55. > :02:55.office and that it had been studied for some time.
:02:56. > :03:02.It seems equally clear Moscow has been studying what has been coming
:03:03. > :03:07.out of Damascus including a refusal to consider discussing the future of
:03:08. > :03:14.President Assad and also talk of a military solution in this war. It is
:03:15. > :03:21.not what Moscow has in mind. Russia's military intervention has
:03:22. > :03:26.changed the tide of the war in President Assad's favour. When
:03:27. > :03:30.Moscow sent its planes last September its ally was faltering on
:03:31. > :03:38.key lines, then came the shock announcement. TRANSLATION: I think
:03:39. > :03:41.the task that was put before the Minister of defence and the Armed
:03:42. > :03:47.Forces is largely complete, therefore I order the minister of
:03:48. > :03:50.defence from tomorrow to begin the withdrawal of the main part of our
:03:51. > :03:57.military from the Syrian Arabic republic. Ever since Russia
:03:58. > :04:01.intervened in Syria its Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov has worked
:04:02. > :04:06.closely with his American counterpart. But today even the
:04:07. > :04:11.White House seems to have been taken by surprise. I haven't seen those
:04:12. > :04:15.specific reports... And what about President Assad, who is said to have
:04:16. > :04:20.been informed? He made a surprise visit to Moscow last October to see
:04:21. > :04:25.Russia's leader, his only visit out of Syria since the war began five
:04:26. > :04:30.years ago. A clear sign of who has the upper hand in a crucial
:04:31. > :04:34.relationship. I think this is a bid for Russia to use its leverage
:04:35. > :04:39.essentially in the Syria conflict to pressure Bashar al-Assad as Russia
:04:40. > :04:44.has already asked him to be constructive in these peace talks to
:04:45. > :04:48.move the political transition process forward. Russia didn't just
:04:49. > :04:54.throw its weight on the battlefield, it also helped break a stubborn
:04:55. > :04:57.diplomatic stalemate at the UN Security Council last December and
:04:58. > :05:02.had paved the way for the first major truce in this war. Now in its
:05:03. > :05:09.third week, and unexpectedly still holding. But this may be why this
:05:10. > :05:13.announcement came today. Peace talks in Geneva, where the Syrian
:05:14. > :05:19.government is taking a hard line, too hard for Moscow, and the UN,
:05:20. > :05:28.which sounded a warning. I don't know whether anyone else has a plan
:05:29. > :05:33.B here, I'm only aware of a plan A which is giving the maximum chances
:05:34. > :05:40.and the maximum pressure by the international community in order to
:05:41. > :05:45.ensure this type of talks and cessation of hostilities and
:05:46. > :05:49.humanitarian task force is given the maximum opportunity. Russia doesn't
:05:50. > :05:54.want another long war, another Afghanistan. It won't pull out
:05:55. > :05:59.completely, but it is seen to it Syrian ally we expect you to sit
:06:00. > :06:04.down and negotiate a way out of this war.
:06:05. > :06:06.Our Russia correspondent Steve Rozenberg is in Moscow.
:06:07. > :06:08.Steve, you've recently been reporting on Russian military
:06:09. > :06:10.operations in Syria - how do you read today's
:06:11. > :06:21.It is quite a surprise. The last time I was at the Russian airbase in
:06:22. > :06:25.Syria ten days ago there was clearly less military activity than I have
:06:26. > :06:32.seen on previous trips. There were still bombers and fighter jets, and
:06:33. > :06:37.we were told the emphasis was moving toward diplomacy. There was no hint
:06:38. > :06:41.that the Kremlin would announce a major troop withdrawal, so why now?
:06:42. > :06:47.It is clear the Russians didn't want to get bogged down in a protracted
:06:48. > :06:52.military conflict, they didn't want a second Afghanistan. I think the
:06:53. > :06:56.Kremlin is calculating that now with the peace process starting, that
:06:57. > :07:01.this was the time they could scale back, bring back lots of troops and
:07:02. > :07:04.declare this operation a success. One caveat, the numbers. We don't
:07:05. > :07:09.know how many troops are coming back and how many will be remaining at
:07:10. > :07:15.the Russian airbase and the Russian naval facility, its only outlet to
:07:16. > :07:18.the Mediterranean. The west has criticised Russia over Russia's
:07:19. > :07:23.military campaign in Syria, accusing the Russians of targeting anyone
:07:24. > :07:27.taking up arms against President Assad, but tonight Moscow is
:07:28. > :07:28.declaring this operation and monetary, political and diplomatic
:07:29. > :07:33.success. Thank you. Syria's northern neighbour, Turkey,
:07:34. > :07:36.is having to grapple with a series of challenges as a result
:07:37. > :07:38.of the Syrian conflict and the impact it's having
:07:39. > :07:40.on the wider region. Turkish fighter jets have today been
:07:41. > :07:42.attacking Kurdish targets The Turks are blaming the banned
:07:43. > :07:48.Kurdistan Workers' Party for yesterday's bomb attack
:07:49. > :07:50.in Ankara, which killed Police have detained 11 people
:07:51. > :07:55.in connection with the bombing. Our correspondent Ian Pannell
:07:56. > :07:57.sent this report from Last night, she was waiting
:07:58. > :08:08.for a bus home. Another young life wiped out,
:08:09. > :08:21.another victim of the turmoil Students, parents, pensioners,
:08:22. > :08:34.friends and young lovers, There is little to commemorate
:08:35. > :08:46.the dead, just small gestures These two heard the explosion
:08:47. > :08:50.from their flat. Tonight, the students stood defiant
:08:51. > :08:54.in the rain in remembrance. In my heart, it's
:08:55. > :08:59.just pain, because... All the people you see
:09:00. > :09:02.here are in pain, actually. But they don't have the courage
:09:03. > :09:05.to show that because of everything, So we came here just to show respect
:09:06. > :09:16.to the people. Turkey thinks Kurdish separatists
:09:17. > :09:23.carried out this attack. Arrests have been made,
:09:24. > :09:27.warplanes dispatched. But Ankara has many enemies
:09:28. > :09:30.in the region, and there may be some Hundreds of police have been
:09:31. > :09:35.deployed onto the streets officers are scouring the scene
:09:36. > :09:43.still for clues as they recover Turkey's president has told
:09:44. > :09:46.people not to be afraid, that terrorism will be
:09:47. > :09:48.brought to its knees. But the truth is that people
:09:49. > :09:51.are afraid, and there is little evidence that Turkey
:09:52. > :09:57.is winning this war. There have been too many moments
:09:58. > :09:59.like this in Turkey. More than 200 have been
:10:00. > :10:01.killed in similar attacks Kurdish militants,
:10:02. > :10:09.the Islamic State group, The turmoil that used to rage
:10:10. > :10:16.beyond Turkey's borders now threatens this
:10:17. > :10:22.once-stable country. So once again, bereaved families
:10:23. > :10:25.huddled at the city morgue today. united in grief and desperate
:10:26. > :10:29.for answers, as people wonder if their government can really
:10:30. > :10:34.protect them as promised. Our Middle East editor
:10:35. > :10:54.Jeremy Bowen is with me now. We are reporting today on events in
:10:55. > :11:00.Iraq, Syria and Turkey, and it shows what a complex crisis this is. It is
:11:01. > :11:05.complex, and a good way of thinking about Syria is to think of it as a
:11:06. > :11:10.mini world war. Its friends and regional enemies are involved in it,
:11:11. > :11:14.and also some of the world powers. In Turkey there are plenty of
:11:15. > :11:18.domestic reasons for what is happening, but I think the major
:11:19. > :11:22.reason for the revival of the fight with the Kurds is the export of
:11:23. > :11:28.violence from Syria and the politics of the conflict over there regarding
:11:29. > :11:34.various Kurdish groups. If you move on to Putin, he is a geopolitical
:11:35. > :11:39.gambler. If you look at this again, he has won a few hands, cashed in
:11:40. > :11:43.quite a few chips but he is still at the table. The west said this would
:11:44. > :11:48.be a quagmire for him in Syria but he's found a way of declaring
:11:49. > :11:52.victory and getting out whilst keeping his options open whilst
:11:53. > :11:57.keeping forces there which could be revived if necessary. He is keeping
:11:58. > :12:03.the west on the defensive, another shrewd move by him. As for the talks
:12:04. > :12:10.in Geneva, the intervention I think has strengthened Bashar al-Assad, it
:12:11. > :12:14.has changed the military balance, the equilibria there, and it means
:12:15. > :12:23.the Syrian government side is going into those talks as much more
:12:24. > :12:25.empowered of that. So, as we saw in the headlines, more awful
:12:26. > :12:28.scenes of refugees, impacts on German politics as well, Western
:12:29. > :12:35.leaders used to think you might be able to contain or ignore what is
:12:36. > :12:41.going on in Syria but you cannot. Thank you.
:12:42. > :12:43.The German Chancellor, Angela Merkel, has insisted
:12:44. > :12:45.she will not change her policy on allowing significant numbers
:12:46. > :12:47.of migrants into the country despite her party's losses
:12:48. > :12:50.The anti-immigration party 'Alternative for Germany'
:12:51. > :12:53.won its first seats in the states that voted yesterday.
:12:54. > :12:55.Germany accepted a record 1.1 million refugees last year.
:12:56. > :13:01.Our Europe editor Katya Adler reports from Berlin.
:13:02. > :13:06.Iron Angie is one of the German Chancellor's nicknames.
:13:07. > :13:10.The migrant crisis has shown her mettle like never before.
:13:11. > :13:13.Where there's a will, there's a way, she's insisted.
:13:14. > :13:19.No border closures, no refugee limits for Germany -
:13:20. > :13:21.a policy she's sticking to, despite rising public pressure,
:13:22. > :13:28.reflected in yesterday's regional vote.
:13:29. > :13:31.I believe the approach is right, she said in Berlin today,
:13:32. > :13:37.TRANSLATION: Yesterday was a difficult day.
:13:38. > :13:40.The dominating topic in the vote was refugees and the refugee policy,
:13:41. > :13:42.and the fact that people believe this issue has not
:13:43. > :13:49.But be careful about reading too much
:13:50. > :13:53.Despite some of the doom-laden headlines you're probably coming
:13:54. > :13:55.across, this was more stark warning than boot out of the door
:13:56. > :13:59.She still enjoys popularity ratings at home
:14:00. > :14:04.other European leaders would dream of.
:14:05. > :14:05.But many of her countrymen do feel
:14:06. > :14:07.she's out of touch with fast-changing events here,
:14:08. > :14:10.the effect the arrival of a million asylum seekers in Germany is having
:14:11. > :14:16.Enter the right-wing populist AFD Party,
:14:17. > :14:21.which plays on public fears of refugees.
:14:22. > :14:24.This is one of its campaign posters, demanding better safety
:14:25. > :14:32.a reference to New Year's Eve attacks here linked to migrants.
:14:33. > :14:35.in all three state parliaments yesterday,
:14:36. > :14:37.the best regional result of any German right-wing populist party
:14:38. > :14:44.Considering World War II sensitivities here,
:14:45. > :14:53.Frauka Petry, the public face of the AFD, was on the defensive.
:14:54. > :14:56.She told me the migration crisis wasn't caused by her party -
:14:57. > :15:02.One idea of yours that made the headlines all over Europe
:15:03. > :15:05.was the idea of the German army pointing their weapons at migrants
:15:06. > :15:17.Which again, it would be helpful if one reads the original interview.
:15:18. > :15:21.I cited German legislation, which, as a very last resort,
:15:22. > :15:30.I said to use weapons if there's no other way.
:15:31. > :15:33.The AFD is making a lot of noise in Germany at the moment,
:15:34. > :15:35.but this is especially because yesterday's regional vote
:15:36. > :15:37.is seen as significant ahead of a German general election
:15:38. > :15:47.So can Angela Merkel afford regional upsets in the long run?
:15:48. > :15:50.She obviously appears weakened,
:15:51. > :15:56.but she is not damaged beyond repair.
:15:57. > :15:58.A canny political survivor, Chancellor Merkel knows Germans
:15:59. > :16:02.appreciate predictability and continuity.
:16:03. > :16:04.At home and in Europe, she'll keep pushing migrant
:16:05. > :16:16.politics her way, and hope for the best.
:16:17. > :16:22.And Angela Merkel has her fingers crossed this week ahead of the next
:16:23. > :16:25.EU- Turkey summit. She is the driving force behind a deal by which
:16:26. > :16:29.Turkey would agree to accept back all migrants arriving on the Greek
:16:30. > :16:33.islands from that moment on. She needs the deal to boost her
:16:34. > :16:37.credibility back home. But on a European level, it is costing her
:16:38. > :16:41.dearly. Other EU leaders resent her pushiness over the migrant crisis,
:16:42. > :16:46.as they did previously over the euro crisis. They also worry about
:16:47. > :16:50.Turkey's counter demands and its shaky human rights record. Angela
:16:51. > :16:54.Merkel is confident that she can bulldoze German populists. She
:16:55. > :16:59.worries more about growing European disunity, and her growing EU
:17:00. > :17:01.isolation. Katya Adler thank you.
:17:02. > :17:05.Hundreds of migrants have left a camp in northern Greece,
:17:06. > :17:07.wading through a river to avoid a border fence
:17:08. > :17:13.The Macedonian authorities said those who crossed into the country
:17:14. > :17:16.had been detained by the police and army and would be sent back.
:17:17. > :17:20.More than 10,000 people have been stranded at the camp at Idomeni,
:17:21. > :17:23.after several Balkan nations including Macedonia introduced
:17:24. > :17:28.But today hundreds made it out after crossing a river and finding
:17:29. > :17:36.Our correspondent Danny Savage is there and sent this report.
:17:37. > :17:39.This is the consequence of Europe's borders closing down.
:17:40. > :17:42.Tonight, we found these families trekking through the frontier
:17:43. > :17:47.woodlands of Greece, looking to slip across to Macedonia.
:17:48. > :17:49.We are very scared, one of them tells us.
:17:50. > :17:53.Other migrants today were much more bold.
:17:54. > :17:56.With nothing to lose, they went on a march.
:17:57. > :17:59.Thousands of people, walking towards a border
:18:00. > :18:05.For weeks, they have been stuck in Greece.
:18:06. > :18:09.They are aiming to get to Germany, but all the Balkan border gates
:18:10. > :18:12.between here and there have slammed shut.
:18:13. > :18:15.They have got this far, and they are not giving up.
:18:16. > :18:23.TRANSLATION: We are done with injustice, frustration
:18:24. > :18:28.We still have some misery ahead of us today, but we will get there.
:18:29. > :18:31.We are going to cross, no matter how.
:18:32. > :18:41.The migrants are undeterred by the obstacles in their path.
:18:42. > :18:44.At least three people drowned near here last night,
:18:45. > :18:46.but they are prepared to take the risk.
:18:47. > :18:51.Desperate people, doing dangerous things.
:18:52. > :18:53.They have become disillusioned with the conditions
:18:54. > :18:57.It turned into a swamp after days of rain.
:18:58. > :19:02.Anywhere is better than this, they thought, which is why they set
:19:03. > :19:07.And it wasn't a warm welcome either when many hundreds did eventually
:19:08. > :19:16.They were rounded up and detained, their ambitions on hold once again.
:19:17. > :19:19.Tonight, families camped out on the muddy path to Macedonia,
:19:20. > :19:24.The philosophy of the people here is very simple.
:19:25. > :19:28.They haven't spent all that money on a dangerous sea journey to get
:19:29. > :19:33.They want to go forward and not retreat, and some of them have
:19:34. > :19:37.told me they are prepared to walk to Germany if they have to.
:19:38. > :19:40.It's exhausting trying to get where you want to.
:19:41. > :19:42.Will the authorities make more of an effort to stop
:19:43. > :19:45.their progress tomorrow, or will they still find a way?
:19:46. > :19:52.Danny Savage, BBC News, northern Greece.
:19:53. > :19:56.A Merseyside teenager accused of murdering a police officer
:19:57. > :19:59.by deliberately running him down during a high speed chase has been
:20:00. > :20:02.a cannabis user since the age of six, according to evidence
:20:03. > :20:06.Clayton Williams, who's now 19, said he'd been smoking on the day
:20:07. > :20:08.of PC Dave Phillips' death in Wallasey last October.
:20:09. > :20:17.The family of PC Dave Phillips has already heard how the officer
:20:18. > :20:21.was run over, and suffered a violent death.
:20:22. > :20:26.they heard from the teenager accused of murder.
:20:27. > :20:29.Clayton Williams told jurors he didn't see PC Phillips.
:20:30. > :20:42.Clayton Williams admits burgling this shop
:20:43. > :20:47.He reached speeds of 80 mph before he hit PC Phillips,
:20:48. > :20:50.but says he can't remember exactly what happened
:20:51. > :20:56.That, Clayton Williams said, was down to his cannabis habit.
:20:57. > :20:59.He said he had been smoking it since he was six.
:21:00. > :21:04.In court, Clayton Williams admitted he had already served
:21:05. > :21:08.a prison sentence for crashing a car during a police chase.
:21:09. > :21:11.He told the jurors he would do anything to avoid
:21:12. > :21:15.In the dock, Clayton Williams was asked why he didn't stop
:21:16. > :21:24.He said he panicked, and rang his grandmother.
:21:25. > :21:38.He told jurors "I didn't intend to kill,
:21:39. > :21:40."I only wanted to rob a shop".
:21:41. > :21:52.Ed Thomas, BBC News, Manchester Crown Court.
:21:53. > :21:57.The former head of the civil service as the government faces an uphill
:21:58. > :22:02.task to persuade people that further cuts to public services are needed.
:22:03. > :22:05.Speaking ahead of Wednesday's Budget, he said more savings had
:22:06. > :22:08.to be made but there were no easy ones left, and warned
:22:09. > :22:10.that the Chancellor had 'very narrow space for manoeuvre',
:22:11. > :22:11.as our political editor Laura Kuenssberg reports.
:22:12. > :22:17.Balancing the books doesn't turn politicians into rock stars.
:22:18. > :22:19.But his Government's mission has always been sorting the economy out
:22:20. > :22:26.Visiting a London girls' school today ahead of the Budget,
:22:27. > :22:31.David Cameron appeared to have a lot of fans.
:22:32. > :22:35.George Osborne promised he would fix the deficit in five years,
:22:36. > :22:40.but at Budget after Budget, progress has been slow.
:22:41. > :22:46.By 2015, he said we were heading out of the red and back into the black,
:22:47. > :22:48.but paying off the costs of the crash?
:22:49. > :22:50.We're only around halfway through.
:22:51. > :22:52.When he's back out here on Wednesday, the tone
:22:53. > :22:56.Don't expect much talk of sunshine, because since the Chancellor's
:22:57. > :22:57.last big day out, money worries
:22:58. > :23:03.have emerged, so there's less cash flowing into government coffers.
:23:04. > :23:15.So even after six years of cuts, he'll squeeze public spending again.
:23:16. > :23:17.Lord Kerslake was the head of the civil service,
:23:18. > :23:19.one of the most senior officials hunting for cuts in
:23:20. > :23:23.I think the choice is quite difficult, because the Chancellor
:23:24. > :23:28.said he doesn't want to raise more taxes.
:23:29. > :23:30.The obvious efficiency savings have come through,
:23:31. > :23:34.I guess, in the early period, and his choices
:23:35. > :23:42.given what happened with the tax credits, I think are quite difficult
:23:43. > :23:45.as well, so it's hard to see where the easy choices are now.
:23:46. > :23:50.There are likely to be more cuts to welfare, possibly a rise in fuel
:23:51. > :23:53.tax, and an expected extra ?4 billion of savings
:23:54. > :23:58.But even in Tory-controlled Kent, the leader of the council believes
:23:59. > :24:07.Next year's Budget is going to be a really tough Budget
:24:08. > :24:10.where we are having to dig into our reserves,
:24:11. > :24:12.but it is going to be extraordinarily tough.
:24:13. > :24:15.The tank is now empty and we cannot take any more cuts
:24:16. > :24:21.in the scale that we have endured over the last five years.
:24:22. > :24:23.In some public services, the pressure to cut costs has
:24:24. > :24:30.Paul is blind and has learning difficulties.
:24:31. > :24:33.He used to get 20 hours of care a week.
:24:34. > :24:37.As part of the trial in Kent, Paul was taught to order his weekly
:24:38. > :24:40.shop online and he now receives only two hours of council help,
:24:41. > :24:56.I set up an online shopping account with the supermarket and I practised
:24:57. > :25:06.Once I got better, I was able to do it on my own.
:25:07. > :25:10.Tough times can present opportunities too, but with pressure
:25:11. > :25:14.from the European referendum bearing down, George Osborne needs smart
:25:15. > :25:26.Football now, and Leicester City are five points clear at the top
:25:27. > :25:30.of the Barclays Premier League after beating Newcastle United
:25:31. > :25:34.Shinji Okazaki scored the only goal to move them further clear
:25:35. > :25:37.of Tottenham Hotspur in the race for the title,
:25:38. > :25:43.Newcastle lost their first game under new coach Rafa Benitez
:25:44. > :25:47.Tyrannosaurus Rex, one of the fiercest predators ever seen
:25:48. > :25:52.on Earth, dominated the landscape around 66 million years ago.
:25:53. > :25:54.Until now, it's been unclear how it evolved into such
:25:55. > :25:59.But a team from the University of Edinburgh believes it's solved
:26:00. > :26:01.the mystery, with a new discovery of one of T-Rex's smaller ancestors.
:26:02. > :26:10.Our science correspondent Victoria Gill explains.
:26:11. > :26:25.Infamously fierce. Tyrannosaurus rex was one of the largest meat-eating
:26:26. > :26:28.dinosaurs ever to have lived. But there is another louche and in
:26:29. > :26:34.mystery surrounding this prehistoric hunter. How did the Rex become such
:26:35. > :26:39.a giant -- and abolition in mystery. That is a question that this small
:26:40. > :26:45.collection of fossilised bones might finally have answered. We have to
:26:46. > :26:51.clean new species of dinosaur, and it is a meat eating dinosaur, a
:26:52. > :26:55.tyrannosaur dinosaur. It comes from Uzbekistan, about 90 million years
:26:56. > :26:59.old, and is only the size of a horse, but is one of the closest
:27:00. > :27:06.cousins of T-Rex. And it tells us about how T-Rex was able to become
:27:07. > :27:10.so big, so dominant. The relatively few bones the scientists found in
:27:11. > :27:14.Uzbekistan are key pieces of an ancient skeletal jigsaw. They have
:27:15. > :27:19.allowed the team to reconstruct this new species. Most revealing was a
:27:20. > :27:24.piece of the animal's skull. Scanning and modelling this revealed
:27:25. > :27:29.that the dinosaur's brain was almost identical to T-Rex's. That suggests
:27:30. > :27:32.it had developed the sensory capabilities that made tyrannosaurs
:27:33. > :27:39.such excellent hunters, and that was a key step in allowing them to
:27:40. > :27:44.become so large. It is 90 million years old. It is the first
:27:45. > :27:47.tyrannosaur debate in the fossil record that separates T-Rex from its
:27:48. > :27:52.much smaller ancestors. That finally pins down the point at which these
:27:53. > :28:01.livestock sized carnivores began to evolve to eventually become these 12
:28:02. > :28:06.metre long monsters. T-Rex was far bigger and more terrifying than its
:28:07. > :28:10.predecessors. But in the story of tyrannosaur abolition, the brain
:28:11. > :28:13.came before the Braun. Victoria Gill, BBC News.
:28:14. > :28:15.The distinguished composer and conductor Sir Peter Maxwell Davies
:28:16. > :28:19.He had been suffering from leukaemia.
:28:20. > :28:21.Sir Peter, widely regarded as a radical, pioneering figure,
:28:22. > :28:24.also held the post of Master of the Queen's Music for a decade.
:28:25. > :28:27.Last month, he was awarded the Royal Philharmonic Society Gold Medal,
:28:28. > :28:30.the highest accolade the society can bestow,
:28:31. > :28:34.as our arts editor Will Gompertz reports.
:28:35. > :28:48.in rehearsals for his newly written 10th Symphony.
:28:49. > :28:51.Max, as he was known to all, was a prolific composer who believed
:28:52. > :28:55.passionately in the power and purpose of his art.
:28:56. > :28:59.These days, when there is so much strife, so much war
:29:00. > :29:05.and so much destruction, to do something
:29:06. > :29:12.and I hope in result, at the top end of what is possible
:29:13. > :29:16.in a civilisation, what a privilege, eh?
:29:17. > :29:24.The young Maxwell Davies was regarded as an enfant terrible
:29:25. > :29:32.an avant-garde composer accused of writing incomprehensible pieces.
:29:33. > :29:35.A lot of people have criticised me for writing music
:29:36. > :29:44.I take for granted that what I write has got a meaning.
:29:45. > :29:47.I think a composer should be able to take that for granted,
:29:48. > :29:52.otherwise he should not be in the business at all.
:29:53. > :29:58.determined and uncompromising within.
:29:59. > :30:03.Peter Maxwell Davies went his own idiosyncratic way,
:30:04. > :30:14.ironic, highly influential Eight Songs For A mad King.
:30:15. > :30:17.His taste for anarchy turned into admiration for the monarchy...
:30:18. > :30:20.It's a great pleasure to be able to give you that.
:30:21. > :30:24...After the Queen honoured him by making him her Master of Music.
:30:25. > :30:28.I think we were all a bit blindsided by the fact that he had accepted it,
:30:29. > :30:33.He was an astonishingly wide-ranging composer and musician.
:30:34. > :30:36.He was very clear about what he believed in,
:30:37. > :30:40.and he believed in good things, particularly education,
:30:41. > :30:43.with a very democratic view of music.
:30:44. > :30:47.In 1971, the Salford-born composer moved to the Orkney Islands,
:30:48. > :30:50.which became his home and inspiration.
:30:51. > :30:53.I think the sea has played an enormous part in my work,
:30:54. > :30:57.first of all in the sound of it, but then the history of it.
:30:58. > :31:00.And it gets through to you, you don't have to think about it,
:31:01. > :31:04.Sir Peter Maxwell Davies had been ill for some time,
:31:05. > :31:06.but he never stopped working or maintaining
:31:07. > :31:09.that music can make the world a better place.
:31:10. > :31:13.It was a point he spent his life proving.
:31:14. > :31:20.Sir Peter Maxwell Davies, who's died today at the age of 81.
:31:21. > :31:33.Like many things Russian, it has taken the world by surprise. What
:31:34. > :31:36.does the Putin poll at for Syria and the rest of us? Join me now on BBC
:31:37. > :31:37.Two, 11pm in Scotland. Here on BBC One, it's time
:31:38. > :31:39.for the news where you are.