:00:00. > :00:08.Tonight at Ten: The United Nations says it's preparing to restart
:00:09. > :00:12.aid deliveries in Syria, despite the recent attacks.
:00:13. > :00:15.They were suspended after an attack on an aid convoy near Aleppo
:00:16. > :00:21.At the United Nations today, America questioned the Russians'
:00:22. > :00:23.denial of responsibility and their attitude to
:00:24. > :00:31.It's a moment of truth for President Putin and Russia.
:00:32. > :00:35.It's a moment of truth, also, for the opposition.
:00:36. > :00:37.We'll have the latest from the United Nations
:00:38. > :00:40.as the security situation in Syria gets worse.
:00:41. > :00:45.The death of a teenage boy in a psychiatric hospital in south
:00:46. > :00:49.London is blamed on neglect and failures by staff.
:00:50. > :00:52.Jeremy Corbyn tells us he'll offer an olive branch to his critics
:00:53. > :00:57.if he retains the Labour leadership this weekend.
:00:58. > :01:00.In Iraq we meet some of the British fighters who've joined the campaign
:01:01. > :01:07.For people to say that this isn't the West's war,
:01:08. > :01:11.you've got your head stuck in the sand.
:01:12. > :01:14.And to save the African elephant, a call for much tougher rules
:01:15. > :01:22.And coming up in Sportsday on BBC News: After three defeats in a row,
:01:23. > :01:24.could Manchester United turn their fortunes around
:01:25. > :01:49.against Northampton town in the EFL Cup?
:01:50. > :01:53.The United Nations says it's now preparing to restart aid
:01:54. > :01:57.They were suspended after an attack on a convoy near Aleppo on Monday
:01:58. > :02:03.The UN said supplies would be sent to the areas most in need
:02:04. > :02:06.Earlier the US Secretary of State John Kerry has warned
:02:07. > :02:08.that the world faced a moment of truth in Syria.
:02:09. > :02:11.He was addressing the UN in New York following yet another deadly attack
:02:12. > :02:14.on humanitarian workers in Syria, as our diplomatic correspondent
:02:15. > :02:29.Monday night's attack on the aid convoy was a shocking part of the
:02:30. > :02:33.violent end to the Syrian ceasefire. American led accusations that a
:02:34. > :02:36.Russian air strike was responsible for this, Russian denials of any
:02:37. > :02:41.involvement now threaten to derail the entire search for a Syrian
:02:42. > :02:45.peace. At the United Nations, its most
:02:46. > :02:51.powerful body, the security council, Metz to see if any peace can be
:02:52. > :02:55.saved. Passions were running extraordinarily high, but the
:02:56. > :02:59.Russian Foreign Minister said nobody should trim to conclusions.
:03:00. > :03:03.TRANSLATION: Many said that it could have been a rocket or an artillery
:03:04. > :03:09.shelling. That is what initial reports were. Then a helicopter or
:03:10. > :03:12.warplanes were mentioned. I think we need to refrain from emotional
:03:13. > :03:16.reactions and making public comments immediately and first investigate
:03:17. > :03:20.and be very professional. That appeal to avoid feelings was
:03:21. > :03:25.too much for the American Secretary of State. John Kerry let rip on a
:03:26. > :03:28.sustained assault on Russia's motives and credibility backing
:03:29. > :03:34.President aside. How can people sit at a table with a
:03:35. > :03:38.regime that bombs hospitals and drops chlorine gas again and again
:03:39. > :03:47.and again and again and again and again? And act with impunity? You
:03:48. > :03:51.are supposed to sit there and have happy talk in Geneva? Then he
:03:52. > :03:55.dismissed must go's accounts of the attack on the aid convoy, including
:03:56. > :04:01.one suggestion it could have been a simple fire on the ground. The
:04:02. > :04:06.trucks, food and medicine spontaneously composted? Anybody
:04:07. > :04:09.here believe that? I mean, this is not a joke.
:04:10. > :04:13.What do we know about the attack on the aid convoy? It took place on
:04:14. > :04:19.Monday night. The convoy was intending to head to rebel held
:04:20. > :04:23.areas in Aleppo province. Russia has admitted tracking the convoy with a
:04:24. > :04:28.drone, they say their footage showed it was accompanied by an armed rebel
:04:29. > :04:33.vehicle. Later that evening the convoy was hit, those unseen insist
:04:34. > :04:38.it was struck from the air. TRANSLATION: Four barrel bombs were
:04:39. > :04:42.dropped, Russian jets then attacked us.
:04:43. > :04:46.The UN say there were Russian strike planes above the convoy at the
:04:47. > :04:50.precise moment it was hit, but Russia strongly denied involvement,
:04:51. > :04:55.saying there are no craters at the scene and suggests that somehow the
:04:56. > :04:58.cargo caught fire. But the Foreign Secretary, Boris
:04:59. > :05:01.Johnson, does not buy that, convinced the attack was from the
:05:02. > :05:07.air and that only the Russians had the capability.
:05:08. > :05:10.There are only two possible culprits, two forces capable of
:05:11. > :05:15.having carried out that striker flying in that area. There are the
:05:16. > :05:19.Syrians and the Russians. We have doubts about the Syrian capability
:05:20. > :05:26.to fly at night. So you are left with a pretty strong conclusion, as
:05:27. > :05:30.you will have been hearing. The UN is prepared to resume aid
:05:31. > :05:35.convoys in Syria, but not too Aleppo, under heavy bombardment
:05:36. > :05:39.again today. Four medical staff were killed by strikes so of the city,
:05:40. > :05:44.leaving the head of their organisation distraught. Hospitals
:05:45. > :05:48.in Syria are the riskiest places, I swear. Hospitals are more dangerous
:05:49. > :05:53.than the front line. This has been an extraordinary day
:05:54. > :05:56.of reckoning at the UN. The unprecedented level of public anger
:05:57. > :06:04.from John Kerry suggests he sees little future trying to broker a
:06:05. > :06:06.peace by working with Russia. The trouble is that, without Russia,
:06:07. > :06:10.there can be no peace, because it is by far the strongest military power
:06:11. > :06:12.in Syria. So the diplomatic effort must limp on.
:06:13. > :06:13.Our chief international correspondent Lyse Doucet
:06:14. > :06:24.Let's have your assessment of the likelihood of reimposing the
:06:25. > :06:29.ceasefire started last week? John Kerry put it right, he said it was a
:06:30. > :06:33.moment of truth. The truth is there is very little hoped that this
:06:34. > :06:37.tangled conflict that is Syria can move towards positive resolution,
:06:38. > :06:42.even a truce on the ground is proving so difficult. Listen to the
:06:43. > :06:46.anger in John Kerry's voice, the consummate diplomat who has been
:06:47. > :06:49.surrounded by doubters in his own State Department, the US military,
:06:50. > :07:03.who said you are on a fool's errand trying to make a deal with
:07:04. > :07:07.Russia. He has been humiliated by the Russians, he believes. He said
:07:08. > :07:09.it was no joke today in the UN Security Council. The mediators
:07:10. > :07:12.would say there were 500 days of failure and one day a success. The
:07:13. > :07:15.UN envoy said he believes that John Kerry and surrogate Lavrov will go
:07:16. > :07:17.back to the table, Syria was hanging by a thread, they control that, and
:07:18. > :07:23.if they don't go back to the table there is really nothing. But
:07:24. > :07:27.diplomats here have told me it is really stuck, and they don't know
:07:28. > :07:31.how it will move forward. The one bright light, they are going to
:07:32. > :07:37.start delivering aid. Syria needs aid. Most of all, Syria needs peace.
:07:38. > :07:44.At the UN Security Council today, there is a real sense that it is
:07:45. > :07:46.moving back, and a big?, will it ever now move forward? Thank you,
:07:47. > :07:48.Lyse Doucet at the United Nations. A coroner has ruled that neglect
:07:49. > :07:51.by one of England's biggest mental health trusts contributed
:07:52. > :07:54.to the death of a 15-year-old Christopher Brennan died
:07:55. > :07:57.in the Bethlem Royal The inquest was told that
:07:58. > :08:00.staff carried out no risk assessment even though he had
:08:01. > :08:02.a history of self-harm. Campaigners say the case
:08:03. > :08:04.illustrates wider failings in the care of children
:08:05. > :08:06.in psychiatric hospitals. Our social affairs correspondent
:08:07. > :08:08.Michael Buchanan has been speaking What are your strongest memories
:08:09. > :08:14.of him? I don't know, come into my room
:08:15. > :08:25.and try to get me to sniff his feet. Christopher Brennan
:08:26. > :08:27.was a happy-go-lucky little boy He started hearing voices in his
:08:28. > :08:35.head that drove him to self-harm. The first we knew was a knock
:08:36. > :08:39.on the door by the police. Christopher was experiencing
:08:40. > :08:41.voices and he didn't feel So he phoned up Childline,
:08:42. > :08:53.who sent the police around. In July 2014, Christopher became
:08:54. > :08:56.seriously ill and was admitted once Six weeks later, he was dead, having
:08:57. > :09:05.choked on an item he'd swallowed. Today, a coroner concluded gross
:09:06. > :09:07.failings by South London and Maudsley NHS Trust contributed
:09:08. > :09:12.to the 15-year-old's death. The adolescent unit was struggling
:09:13. > :09:16.to cope due to staff shortages. Staff were desensitised to incidents
:09:17. > :09:20.of self-harm, due to the sheer number of them, and no risk
:09:21. > :09:23.assessment was carried out of Christopher's behaviour and there
:09:24. > :09:28.was no up-to-date care plan. The coroner said today
:09:29. > :09:31.that she did not believe that Chris He had all his plans
:09:32. > :09:42.written out for the future. He wanted to be a paramedic,
:09:43. > :09:45.have at least 30 Ministers say they're investigating
:09:46. > :09:54.how many other teenagers have died in psychiatric units in England
:09:55. > :09:56.and will publish the One charity says it's aware of 11
:09:57. > :10:02.such deaths over a four-year period and is calling
:10:03. > :10:06.for a wide-ranging inquiry. There's growing disquiet
:10:07. > :10:08.about the lack of resourcing of mental health services
:10:09. > :10:12.for children and young people, so we want an independent review
:10:13. > :10:15.into the deaths of children and young people so that we can
:10:16. > :10:18.properly act on the vital learning The Trust have apologised
:10:19. > :10:25.to Christopher's family, they say lessons have been learned
:10:26. > :10:31.and that the services were recently independently inspected and found
:10:32. > :10:34.to be of a good standard. The Brennan family certainly home
:10:35. > :10:36.so so others are spared The house is too
:10:37. > :10:39.quiet without him, He used to sit looking for him out
:10:40. > :10:50.of the window for months after. Michael Buchanan, BBC
:10:51. > :10:56.News, south London. Voting has ended in the Labour
:10:57. > :10:59.leadership contest and the result will be announced at the party
:11:00. > :11:01.conference in Liverpoool Jeremy Corbyn, who's
:11:02. > :11:04.being challenged by Owen Smith, told the BBC today that the party
:11:05. > :11:07.should make every effort to unite after the contest -
:11:08. > :11:10.and he offered to wipe the slate clean with those dozens of Labour
:11:11. > :11:13.MPs who've expressed a lack of confidence
:11:14. > :11:16.in Mr Corbyn's leadership. Mr Corbyn's been speaking to our
:11:17. > :11:22.political editor, Laura Kuenssberg. He's on the edge of winning
:11:23. > :11:24.the Labour leadership I've got a bigger
:11:25. > :11:28.olive tree at home. Jeremy Corbyn has an olive tree
:11:29. > :11:31.on his balcony, a few branches might come in handy after months
:11:32. > :11:36.of division and distress. It's almost like Labour has a split
:11:37. > :11:39.personality between its MPs I invite all my colleagues
:11:40. > :11:44.in parliament to recognise, I tell you, I've had an awful lot
:11:45. > :11:50.of calls from Labour MPs in the last few days who are very interested
:11:51. > :11:53.in how we come together Throughout most of the last year,
:11:54. > :11:57.the issues haven't necessarily been about disagreement over policy,
:11:58. > :12:01.they've often been about your So what will be different
:12:02. > :12:10.about Jeremy Corbyn mark II? Sadly for everyone, it's the same
:12:11. > :12:13.Jeremy Corbyn who's been through the last year,
:12:14. > :12:15.indeed been through the last 30 When you have 172 out of 230
:12:16. > :12:22.of your MPs who're representing 9 million Labour voters,
:12:23. > :12:27.saying they have questions about your competence,
:12:28. > :12:29.don't you think you do have to change some things
:12:30. > :12:32.about how you operate? Despite a lot of very unpleasant
:12:33. > :12:36.remarks that have been made about me by a very large number of Labour
:12:37. > :12:39.MPs, I've not replied Wipe the slate clean
:12:40. > :12:45.and move forward. He won't yet agree to MPs' demands
:12:46. > :12:48.to chose the Shadow Cabinet nor Well, under the old system,
:12:49. > :12:53.an MP would be worth several I don't think that's a very good
:12:54. > :13:00.way of doing things. He is on their side
:13:01. > :13:02.and they're on his. Jeremy Corbyn's incredible
:13:03. > :13:07.network of supporters, convinced he's the future,
:13:08. > :13:11.convinced he will and should win. If you can think of one or maybe two
:13:12. > :13:16.words that you believe should be the priority
:13:17. > :13:19.for the next Labour leader? My question to other people is -
:13:20. > :13:33.why should he not be given a chance, just like all the other politicians
:13:34. > :13:36.have been given? We feel differently about him
:13:37. > :13:41.and we feel he can do something. Well, I believe that he's just
:13:42. > :13:44.a principled and authentic person. His unequivocal political stance,
:13:45. > :13:49.it kind of encourages... I find it encouraging
:13:50. > :13:51.because you don't really find that There's a serious divide
:13:52. > :13:57.within our party and we can't get back to business
:13:58. > :14:00.without reconciliation. What's more important
:14:01. > :14:03.to you as the party leader - keeping the membership happy,
:14:04. > :14:06.growing the membership The membership needs to be
:14:07. > :14:13.content with the general direction the party's going,
:14:14. > :14:16.it needs to be active and on board and included and feel included
:14:17. > :14:18.and have their voice included That, in turn, translates into this
:14:19. > :14:26.campaigning activity. Some people might say,
:14:27. > :14:28.you shouldn't mistake that enthusiasm for something
:14:29. > :14:30.that would translate 20,000 people used to turn up
:14:31. > :14:35.to hear Michael Foot speak and he never got
:14:36. > :14:38.anywhere near power. Michael Foot did a great
:14:39. > :14:41.job and did his best. Which is more of a priority to you -
:14:42. > :14:51.keeping the members happy or winning power, because leaders often have
:14:52. > :14:53.to make that choice? You take the members
:14:54. > :14:55.with you in order to win The members, the party,
:14:56. > :14:59.the leader and the electorate have Jeremy Corbyn will almost
:15:00. > :15:04.certainly keep this But waving at crowds
:15:05. > :15:10.is only part of the job. Laura Kuenssberg, BBC News,
:15:11. > :15:20.Westminster. Britain is boosting
:15:21. > :15:21.the amount of humanitarian The International Development
:15:22. > :15:25.Secretary, Priti Patel, has told the BBC the Government
:15:26. > :15:28.will spend an extra ?37 million this year to help the millions of people
:15:29. > :15:37.suffering as a result of civil war. A Saudi-led coalition, which is
:15:38. > :15:39.backed by Britain and the US, has carried out a bombing campaign
:15:40. > :15:42.against the rebels who overthrew A naval and aerial blockade
:15:43. > :15:46.by the Saudi coalition, which controls all the goods and aid
:15:47. > :15:49.coming into the country, has led to further shortages
:15:50. > :15:51.of food, fuel and medicine. In the second of her special reports
:15:52. > :15:54.from Yemen my colleague at BBC Arabic, Nawaal al-Maghafi, assesses
:15:55. > :16:06.the impact of the conflict. Yemen has always been struggling,
:16:07. > :16:11.but an 18-month war has crippled this country. Months of fighting
:16:12. > :16:17.have destroyed lives. Leaving millions injured, homeless and
:16:18. > :16:19.starving. A four month ceasefire gave people hope, but the moment we
:16:20. > :16:34.arrived it collapses. This factory made potato crisps. 10
:16:35. > :16:41.people were killed and 300 left jobless. The Saudis claim it was an
:16:42. > :16:48.arms depot, but the owner tells me there was absolutely no weapons or
:16:49. > :16:52.militants. This isn't the first factory to be targeted in Yemen.
:16:53. > :16:56.It's one of many. Four factories in this compound alone have been hit
:16:57. > :17:03.and many others that this family owns across the country have also
:17:04. > :17:08.been completely demolished. Once Yemen's busiest port, now left at a
:17:09. > :17:13.standstill. A blockade immowsed by the Saudi coalition to stop arms
:17:14. > :17:17.reaching the rebels has caused severe delays in food and aid coming
:17:18. > :17:20.in. All the cranes have decommission stroid by air strikes making it
:17:21. > :17:24.impossible to off-load what does come through. In a country that
:17:25. > :17:31.relies on imports for 90% of its stable foods, the bombings and the
:17:32. > :17:33.blockade imposed by the Saudis has had a catastrophic effect on the
:17:34. > :17:38.humanitarian situation. Millions have been forced from their homes.
:17:39. > :17:44.They are living in make-shift camps, like this one. We are suffering, he
:17:45. > :17:52.yells, tell the world we're suffering. Half of Yemen's
:17:53. > :17:58.population is food insecure, which simply means they don't know where
:17:59. > :18:06.their next meal will come from the people here tell me they have feel
:18:07. > :18:09.forgotten. They attack innocent civilians, they attack schools,
:18:10. > :18:15.markets homes. Even people asleep at night, safe in their own homes, they
:18:16. > :18:17.come and bomb them. The Saudible government denied deliberately
:18:18. > :18:24.targeting civilians and humanitarian supplies. Both sides in this
:18:25. > :18:29.conflict are accused of atrocities. As with most wars, it's the people
:18:30. > :18:35.who may the HIVest price. Nawaal al-Maghafi, BBC News, Yemen.
:18:36. > :18:38.You can see more on the plight of Yemen's children on Our World
:18:39. > :18:41.at 9.30pm this Saturday and Sunday on the BBC News Channel
:18:42. > :18:53.More than 40 people have died and hundreds are believed to be
:18:54. > :18:55.missing after a boat carrying migrants capsized off
:18:56. > :18:59.More than 160 people have been rescued and search teams
:19:00. > :19:05.It's feared around 600 people may have been on board when the vessel
:19:06. > :19:07.overturned in the Mediterranean, near Rosetta, which lies west
:19:08. > :19:16.Britain's vote to leave the European Union has had little
:19:17. > :19:19.immediate impact on the UK economy, according to the Office
:19:20. > :19:23.But it's warned that the long term effects remained to be seen.
:19:24. > :19:25.Its latest report came as another body - the Organisation
:19:26. > :19:30.for Economic Cooperation and Development -
:19:31. > :19:32.raised its short-term forecast for economic growth in the UK.
:19:33. > :19:34.Our economics editor, Kamal Ahmed, is here.
:19:35. > :19:43.A list of good news? Certainly, Huw, all those who were predicting a real
:19:44. > :19:47.and significant downturn in the UK economy following the referendum, if
:19:48. > :19:53.we voted to leave the European Union, have had to revise their
:19:54. > :19:55.forecasts, as you say, the chief economist at the Office for National
:19:56. > :20:01.Statisticses has said the UK economy has not, as he described it, "fallen
:20:02. > :20:05.at the first hurdle." Prows prices have not collapsed. Employment is
:20:06. > :20:10.still strong. Consumer confidence has bounced back. As you say, the
:20:11. > :20:14.OECD, the big economic foreCaster for the global economy, has uprated
:20:15. > :20:19.its growth forecast for this year for Britain. It does warn about next
:20:20. > :20:25.year, when maybe some of the ramifications of the referendum
:20:26. > :20:28.start to crystallise. We start the process the leaving the European
:20:29. > :20:32.Union. Such is their worry about next year they actually suggest that
:20:33. > :20:36.Philip Hammond, the Chancellor, should increase spending to boost
:20:37. > :20:40.the economy. We won't know about that until the Autumn Statement in
:20:41. > :20:42.November. Tonight, the Federal Reserve, the American central bank,
:20:43. > :20:46.has said it's likely it will increase interest rates this year as
:20:47. > :20:50.the American economy strengthens. That is good for exports. That is
:20:51. > :20:55.good for Britain, good for the global economy. What we are CCTVing
:20:56. > :20:59.here, Huw, is two big forces in conflict. Consumer confidence on the
:21:00. > :21:03.one side, strong, the Bank of England cut interest rates after the
:21:04. > :21:07.referendum. Money is cheap, the public is feeling good about the
:21:08. > :21:11.economy. On the other side business caution. That is where the issues
:21:12. > :21:15.are for the economy. It's how these two trends battle out over the next
:21:16. > :21:21.month and years that will really show which way the UK economy is
:21:22. > :21:24.going. It's going well or is there real problems because of Britain
:21:25. > :21:26.leaving the European Union. OK, Kamal, once again, thanks very much,
:21:27. > :21:32.Kamal Ahmed there for us. The Government wants to introduce
:21:33. > :21:34.much tougher rules on the sale of ivory to combat the slaughter
:21:35. > :21:37.of elephants in Africa. There's already a ban on trading
:21:38. > :21:40.in ivory that's less than 70 years old, but at the moment dealers can
:21:41. > :21:43.still get permits to sell it Campaigners say there should be
:21:44. > :21:47.a total ban on all ivory sales Our science editor,
:21:48. > :21:51.David Shukman, has more details. A massive bonfire in
:21:52. > :21:54.Kenya earlier this year. The tusks from 6,000 elephants
:21:55. > :21:59.slaughtered by poachers. The killings are triggered
:22:00. > :22:01.by a demand for ivory that So, across the great plains
:22:02. > :22:08.of Africa, entire herds Some populations face a real
:22:09. > :22:13.threat of extinction. So there's huge pressure to clamp
:22:14. > :22:16.down on sales of ivory, and today Britain announced
:22:17. > :22:19.that it would do just that. We are taking a very
:22:20. > :22:22.significant step forward, banning all modern ivory trading
:22:23. > :22:27.in the United Kingdom. There is more to do to meet our
:22:28. > :22:34.manifesto commitment, but it does require global concerted
:22:35. > :22:37.action, and so this is a really The new measures will still allow
:22:38. > :22:42.antique ivory to be traded, Only more modern
:22:43. > :22:48.ivory will be banned. Other countries, like America,
:22:49. > :22:51.have imposed even tougher controls. So antique dealers
:22:52. > :22:54.here are relieved. It's extremely important that
:22:55. > :22:57.all of us in this country and around the world are able to learn
:22:58. > :23:00.and appreciate and enjoy works of art that are part of our shared
:23:01. > :23:04.cultural inheritance. And somehow if you demonize ivory,
:23:05. > :23:09.that particular aspect of our past gets pushed into a cupboard,
:23:10. > :23:16.so to speak. The key with ivory is its age
:23:17. > :23:18.and whether it dates So this piece is at least 200 years
:23:19. > :23:24.old and, as a work of art, This one, much paler by comparison,
:23:25. > :23:33.dates from the 1970s, so it can't be legally bought
:23:34. > :23:35.or sold and what matters The most reliable system
:23:36. > :23:40.is carbon dating. This lab at Oxford University looks
:23:41. > :23:43.for traces of radioactivity. If there aren't any,
:23:44. > :23:45.the ivory is from before But the technique is expensive
:23:46. > :23:51.and conservationists worry the clampdown on trading
:23:52. > :23:54.doesn't go far enough. We welcome the fact
:23:55. > :23:56.that the Government has made an announcement and is therefore
:23:57. > :23:59.showing a real interest But our fear is that they are not
:24:00. > :24:06.going to go far enough to really eradicate the ivory
:24:07. > :24:11.trade in this country. The test is whether this stops
:24:12. > :24:14.the slaughter of the elephants. The key is halting demand for ivory,
:24:15. > :24:16.especially in China and every initiative is meant to send
:24:17. > :24:20.a signal to the poachers. Seven men have been charged
:24:21. > :24:30.by police investigating allegations of abuse at a young offenders centre
:24:31. > :24:33.in Kent run by the private It followed undercover filming
:24:34. > :24:38.by the BBC at the Medway Secure Six men have been charged
:24:39. > :24:44.with misconduct in a public office. The seventh is accused of taking
:24:45. > :24:46.photographs and making recordings inside a prison contrary
:24:47. > :24:52.to the Prison Act. The forces of so-called
:24:53. > :24:59.Islamic State could be expelled from Iraq within months,
:25:00. > :25:02.according to the Defence He was speaking during a visit
:25:03. > :25:06.to Iraq where troops are preparing to attack
:25:07. > :25:08.the northern city of Mosul, which has been occupied
:25:09. > :25:11.by IS forces since 2014. As Iraq's army advances
:25:12. > :25:13.from the south, Kurdish Peshmerga Our Middle East correspondent,
:25:14. > :25:23.Orla Guerin, has visited their front-line, just
:25:24. > :25:25.a few miles from Mosul, On the front-line, a tense moment
:25:26. > :25:29.for Kurdish Peshmerga fighters. They spot a car in territory
:25:30. > :25:34.controlled by the so-called Islamic State,
:25:35. > :25:37.they think it could be The commander tells me
:25:38. > :25:53.that IS are just a kilometer ahead. "They've tried to attack us 30 or 40
:25:54. > :25:58.times", says General Nabi Dolamari. "We have defeated them here",
:25:59. > :26:01.he says, "and we will defeat them We drive over rough terrain along
:26:02. > :26:10.the front-line which stretches Riding shotgun, in the shadows,
:26:11. > :26:18.a fighter who has been here on Bashik mountain for 18 months,
:26:19. > :26:22.but his uniform separates him He's a former British soldier,
:26:23. > :26:29.turned volunteer sniper, who says he has no hesitation
:26:30. > :26:34.pulling the trigger on IS. it's like putting your foot
:26:35. > :26:45.on an ant, it's nothing. For you personally, what was it that
:26:46. > :26:48.drew you here to risk your own life? You came for Scotland,
:26:49. > :26:50.this isn't your country, For people to say that this isn't
:26:51. > :26:57.the West's war, you've If Daesh have got their caliphate
:26:58. > :27:05.here, then the next step Nice, Paris, would be nothing
:27:06. > :27:12.to what we would see. The fact of the matter
:27:13. > :27:15.is that the Peshmerga held the line This mortar landed soon
:27:16. > :27:26.after we arrived. IS were responding to our
:27:27. > :27:30.presence, the Kurds said. Their horizons stretches
:27:31. > :27:34.beyond defeating the insurgents, the Peshmerga have been
:27:35. > :27:36.expanding their territory and plan They want independence
:27:37. > :27:43.for their autonomous region but, for now, the focus is on freeing
:27:44. > :27:48.Mosul. This IS defector, who surrendered
:27:49. > :27:53.to the Kurds, claims the extremists We're not revealing his identity
:27:54. > :27:59.because he has relatives They are trying to convert a canon
:28:00. > :28:13.to fire mustard gas so that when the army comes they will
:28:14. > :28:15.use it against them. They have underground
:28:16. > :28:19.tunnels around Mosul, They have bunkers equipped
:28:20. > :28:23.with bathrooms and enough Back at the front-line,
:28:24. > :28:31.a distant glimpse of Mosul, the captive city where
:28:32. > :28:35.IS proclaimed its caliphate. The UN is warning that
:28:36. > :28:40.if the militants decide to make a last stand there,
:28:41. > :28:43.they may want Mosul Orla Guerin, BBC News, northern
:28:44. > :28:51.Iraq. More than 1.5 million
:28:52. > :28:54.people in the UK work in the digital economy,
:28:55. > :28:56.in companies developing computer software or
:28:57. > :29:00.publishing computer games. But increasingly small British
:29:01. > :29:02.start-ups are looking to apply their expertise more
:29:03. > :29:05.widely, hoping to transform millions In the third of our series
:29:06. > :29:14.on the digital tech revolution, Reeta Chakrabarti takes a closer
:29:15. > :29:20.look at those emerging firms Digital start-ups have been
:29:21. > :29:24.popping up all over the UK. London leads the way,
:29:25. > :29:27.but three quarters of all tech businesses are in fact
:29:28. > :29:28.outside the capital. At the university, they're designing
:29:29. > :29:35.imposing new robots to carry out tasks as diverse as housework
:29:36. > :29:40.and space exploration. At the opposite end there's Marty,
:29:41. > :29:43.a pint-sized robot designed to get There's a shortage of engineers
:29:44. > :29:59.already in the UK and, as robotics becomes a bigger thing,
:30:00. > :30:03.as we need more and more of those skills, it's very important
:30:04. > :30:05.that we get people inspired when they're young to
:30:06. > :30:07.get into engineering. In the shadow of old Edinburgh
:30:08. > :30:10.is the new. CodeBase is an incubator for around
:30:11. > :30:12.70 aspiring digital businesses Some have now emerged
:30:13. > :30:18.as multi-million pound companies, demonstrating the UK's
:30:19. > :30:25.strength in the sector. What we're amazing at is building
:30:26. > :30:28.companies for industry, so rather than something
:30:29. > :30:30.which is very consumer facing, it's building solutions
:30:31. > :30:33.for industry. So things like healthcare,
:30:34. > :30:35.things like energy, things In fact, every sector you can
:30:36. > :30:46.imagine and building those solutions Speech Graphics is a software
:30:47. > :30:50.company, we develop software that converts speech,
:30:51. > :30:51.audio, into facial animation. This technology, using a real voice
:30:52. > :30:54.to drive a virtual face, is already It's going to spread
:30:55. > :30:59.and transform our relationships with computers, according to one
:31:00. > :31:02.of this firm's founders. Virtual humans will become
:31:03. > :31:06.more and more prevalent throughout our lives and the way
:31:07. > :31:09.that we relate to our computers is going to be increasingly the way
:31:10. > :31:12.that we relate to each other. Where will new ideas
:31:13. > :31:18.for the future come from? Well, it's hoped partly from here -
:31:19. > :31:21.a coding club for the under-19s, I found making software is a lot
:31:22. > :31:26.more fun than simply using it. So I've always been
:31:27. > :31:30.interested in programming. I have a couple of ideas about maybe
:31:31. > :31:38.working in digital technology - except coding, I'm not entirely sure
:31:39. > :31:41.whether it could be a job, but There is one big challenge,
:31:42. > :31:44.getting more women But work being developed here looks
:31:45. > :31:48.set to stretch into every COMPUTER VOICE: So could this be
:31:49. > :31:52.the face of the future? Rita Chakrabarti, BBC News,
:31:53. > :31:54.Edinburgh. Newsnight's about to begin over
:31:55. > :31:59.on BBC Two in a few moments.