:00:00. > :00:00.Theresa May touches down in the United States -
:00:07. > :00:10.Before their meeting - the president's first
:00:11. > :00:12.with a foreign leader - Mrs May addresses
:00:13. > :00:19.She signals a change in UK foreign policy -
:00:20. > :00:23.with clear echoes of that of Mr Trump.
:00:24. > :00:26.The days of Britain and America intervening in sovereign countries
:00:27. > :00:32.in an attempt to remake the world in our own image are over.
:00:33. > :00:34.Stepping down for the first time from Air Force One,
:00:35. > :00:38.President Trump looks ahead to his meeting with Mrs May.
:00:39. > :00:42.I am meeting with her tomorrow, I don't have my secretary there,
:00:43. > :00:48.they want to talk trade, so I will have to handle it myself.
:00:49. > :00:50.But Mr Trump's comments approving of torture may prove something
:00:51. > :00:53.of a stumbling block among the diplomatic niceties.
:00:54. > :00:57.No post-Brexit slowdown, as the UK economy grows
:00:58. > :01:06.Prison suicides at record levels in England and Wales -
:01:07. > :01:09.and a huge increase in attacks on staff.
:01:10. > :01:12.It is like a soldier on a battlefield, you don't know
:01:13. > :01:17.On top of that, you have got the fear, am I going
:01:18. > :01:22.The Brexit bill is published, causing tension within Labour,
:01:23. > :01:26.which tells its MPs - you must vote for it.
:01:27. > :01:29.And one of the leading contemporary art prizes in the world -
:01:30. > :01:34.won tonight by a British artist and film-maker.
:01:35. > :01:44.And coming up in Sportsday on BBC News: Manchester United went behind
:01:45. > :02:07.Theresa May has arrived in America at the start of a trip
:02:08. > :02:10.which she hopes will pave the way for a post-Brexit trade deal
:02:11. > :02:14.She'll be the first foreign leader to hold talks with Donald Trump,
:02:15. > :02:17.when she meets the new president at the White House tomorrow.
:02:18. > :02:19.This evening, she addressed a Republican conference
:02:20. > :02:21.in Philadelphia, in a speech where she sought to find common
:02:22. > :02:26.But the Prime Minister's bid to launch a new era
:02:27. > :02:28.of co-operation with America risked being overshadowed -
:02:29. > :02:31.by a row about President Trump's support for torture,
:02:32. > :02:35.Our political editor Laura Kuenssberg is travelling
:02:36. > :02:45.with Theresa May and has just sent this report.
:02:46. > :02:53.Opposites attract. Theresa May's hope. But how close does she want to
:02:54. > :02:57.get to him? The Prime Minister made a quieter arrival, making her way
:02:58. > :03:02.down the windy steps in Philadelphia. Her convoy speeding
:03:03. > :03:10.towards her debut in Trump land, here to make friends. No hate, no
:03:11. > :03:13.fear. A reminder right outside the 5-star hotel where they were both to
:03:14. > :03:19.speak, Donald Trump has many enemies as well. The Prime Minister's warm
:03:20. > :03:23.up tax was the president himself. Is he ready for her? I'm meeting with
:03:24. > :03:30.the Prime Minister tomorrow, as you know. Great Britain. I'm meeting
:03:31. > :03:34.with her tomorrow. I don't have my secretary, they want to talk trade,
:03:35. > :03:42.so I'll have to handle it myself. LAUGHTER
:03:43. > :03:46.Which is OK. Then it was her turn, with, as you would expect, fulsome
:03:47. > :03:51.reference to the French -- friendship across the Atlantic. It
:03:52. > :03:54.has been America's destiny to bear the leadership of the free world and
:03:55. > :04:01.to carry that heavy responsibility on its shoulders, but my country,
:04:02. > :04:07.the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, has been proud
:04:08. > :04:10.to share that burden and to walk alongside you at every stage.
:04:11. > :04:17.APPLAUSE CHEERING
:04:18. > :04:22.But this is much more than a meet and greet. Theresa May came with a
:04:23. > :04:28.serious message for Republicans and the World Cup. Under her leadership,
:04:29. > :04:31.no more Western conflicts like Iraq, or Afghanistan, she suggested. This
:04:32. > :04:36.cannot mean a return to the failed policies of the past. The days of
:04:37. > :04:40.Britain and America intervening in sovereign countries in an attempt to
:04:41. > :04:46.remake the world in our own image are over, but nor can we afford to
:04:47. > :04:50.stand idly by, when the threat is real and when it is in our own
:04:51. > :04:55.interests to intervene. We must be strong, smart and hard-headed, and
:04:56. > :05:00.we must demonstrate the resolve necessary to stand up for our
:05:01. > :05:05.interests. And a warning perhaps directed at the president over an
:05:06. > :05:09.assertive Russia. When it comes to Russia, as so often it is wise to
:05:10. > :05:13.turn to the example of President Reagan, who, during his negotiations
:05:14. > :05:19.with his opposite number Mikhail Gorbachev, used to abide by the
:05:20. > :05:26.adage, trust, but verify. With... APPLAUSE
:05:27. > :05:32.With President Putin, my advice is to engage, but beware. Noticeable as
:05:33. > :05:38.well, her praise for the Republicans, and President Trump's
:05:39. > :05:42.controversial win. Because of what you have done together, because of
:05:43. > :05:47.that great victory you have won, America can be stronger, greater and
:05:48. > :05:52.more confident in the years ahead. Even before she touched down though,
:05:53. > :05:56.Theresa May had a taste of how much political trouble closeness to
:05:57. > :06:00.President Trump could cause. Number Ten believes the risk is worth it,
:06:01. > :06:04.because there's a big opportunity as well, but this new friendship could
:06:05. > :06:11.cause fireworks. Every time Donald Trump's speaks his mind. Suggesting
:06:12. > :06:14.torture, banned under British and international law, works. I want to
:06:15. > :06:19.do everything within the bounds of what you're allowed to do legally,
:06:20. > :06:23.but do I feel it works? Absolutely I feel it works. Prime Minister was
:06:24. > :06:28.adamant Britain won't change its laws and signalled we might stop
:06:29. > :06:31.sharing intelligence with America if torture was brought back. Here among
:06:32. > :06:37.the Republican top brass, the unlikely -- the idea is unlikely to
:06:38. > :06:41.fly. The deep-seated policy in American culture is not to torture.
:06:42. > :06:47.So Theresa May is right and President Trump is wrong? I didn't
:06:48. > :06:52.say that. Just one of many awkward subjects the PM and president could
:06:53. > :06:55.discuss tomorrow, a test, even in politics true friends tell the truth
:06:56. > :07:01.to one another, not merely platitudes, or what they want to
:07:02. > :07:04.hear. Laura in Philadelphia, Theresa May clearly trying to set the tone
:07:05. > :07:10.of the relationship she would like the UK to have with Donald Trump.
:07:11. > :07:14.That's right, in the city where American revolutionaries at the time
:07:15. > :07:17.through off their attachment to the UK and declared independence,
:07:18. > :07:21.Theresa May came here with much more than brought warm words about the
:07:22. > :07:27.importance of our traditions and shared history. She came signalling
:07:28. > :07:29.for example a clean break with failed, as she suggested, foreign
:07:30. > :07:33.policy of the past, interventions that America and Britain had been
:07:34. > :07:37.involved in clearly signalling what had happened in Iraq and perhaps
:07:38. > :07:41.Afghanistan, where American presidents had taken British prime
:07:42. > :07:44.ministers into conflicts that had worked out badly, very interesting
:07:45. > :07:50.that she used this big, major appearance here to signal such as
:07:51. > :07:53.shift. But more broadly, how does the self-described hard-working
:07:54. > :07:57.vicar's door to reconcile herself to work with the reality TV star
:07:58. > :08:01.billionaire president? The answer from this speech was, with great
:08:02. > :08:05.care and calibration. There were subtle criticisms, warnings for
:08:06. > :08:09.example one Russia, but for example on Nato, where President Trump has
:08:10. > :08:12.expressed doubts, she said she shared some of those doubts but
:08:13. > :08:17.insisted Britain and America must continue to work hard, to make sure
:08:18. > :08:24.that Nato still really matters. As ever with Theresa May, no single
:08:25. > :08:27.word was wasted. Everything was in there, carefully put there, with
:08:28. > :08:32.meaning behind it. But tomorrow, she is off to the White House and the
:08:33. > :08:37.talks will turn to trade. The audience here, Republican in
:08:38. > :08:39.Philadelphia, is needed -- is the audience to be friends with
:08:40. > :08:42.President Trump than it is back home in Downing Street is well aware this
:08:43. > :08:47.relationship is extremely important, but they also know how controversial
:08:48. > :08:51.it could be. It's not so much that she's trying to walk a fine line,
:08:52. > :08:55.it's more like she's having to tiptoe across a tight rope across
:08:56. > :09:01.the whole of the Grand Canyon. Laura in Philadelphia, thank you. Our
:09:02. > :09:04.diplomatic correspondent James Robbins is with me. You were
:09:05. > :09:08.listening to Mrs May's speech in Philadelphia. One thing that stood
:09:09. > :09:13.out was what she appears to be signalling, a change in UK foreign
:09:14. > :09:17.policy. This is a hugely significant speech. Arguably the biggest by a
:09:18. > :09:24.British Prime Minister in the United States since Tony Blair's in Chicago
:09:25. > :09:27.in 1999, when he first, openly advocated armed intervention is
:09:28. > :09:33.against dictators, and of course that was repudiated by Theresa May
:09:34. > :09:37.this evening. As if to underscore the failure of current British
:09:38. > :09:40.policy, the Foreign Secretary Boris Johnson earlier on today told a
:09:41. > :09:44.committee of the House of Lords that, now the policy in Britain had
:09:45. > :09:49.changed, and that President Assad should be permitted to run for
:09:50. > :09:53.election, as part of a democratic resolution of the Syrian civil war.
:09:54. > :09:57.That's a complete reversal of British foreign policy. Boris
:09:58. > :10:02.Johnson himself called it, a complete flip-flop, but he said, the
:10:03. > :10:07.UK had been unable at any stage to fulfil its mantra that the Syrian
:10:08. > :10:10.president should go. Now, by Boris Johnson saying it, it meant Theresa
:10:11. > :10:14.May didn't have to, but those are pretty painful words to have to
:10:15. > :10:17.utter. There is more in the Prime Minister's speech that we've been
:10:18. > :10:22.listening to. She is challenging Donald Trump, particularly over Nato
:10:23. > :10:23.and the UN, and the -- I think she's signalling it will be a bumpy
:10:24. > :10:27.special relationship. Meanwhile, President Trump had
:10:28. > :10:29.other things in his mind Relations between the US and Mexico
:10:30. > :10:33.have soured still further. Following a tweet from Mr Trump
:10:34. > :10:35.suggesting their meeting next week should be scrapped,
:10:36. > :10:37.the Mexican president The row centres on President Trump's
:10:38. > :10:40.plans to build a wall along the Mexican border,
:10:41. > :10:42.and his repeated insistence that Our North America correspondent
:10:43. > :10:57.Nick Bryant reports. Donald Trump's new executive toy.
:10:58. > :11:02.Its first ride today on Air Force One, that potent symbol of US
:11:03. > :11:06.presidential power. But it was the cancelled travel plans of the
:11:07. > :11:09.Mexican president that were wrapped the centre of a diplomatic storm.
:11:10. > :11:13.His plane will stay grounded after a summit between the two leaders
:11:14. > :11:17.scheduled for Washington next week was abruptly called off. This
:11:18. > :11:21.Mexican stand-off is over the great totem of the Trump presidency, the
:11:22. > :11:28.wall he is determined not just to build along the border, but also to
:11:29. > :11:32.get Mexico to pay for. But in an angry speech last night, the
:11:33. > :11:36.country's president, Enrique Pena Nieto, said he wouldn't foot the
:11:37. > :11:40.bill. So shortly before leaving the Oval Office this morning, Donald
:11:41. > :11:44.Trump decided to conduct his diplomacy by Tweet. If Mexico is
:11:45. > :11:48.unwilling to pay for the badly needed wall, then it would be better
:11:49. > :11:52.to cancel the upcoming meeting. By the time he spoke in Philadelphia,
:11:53. > :11:56.the Mexicans had announced the summit was off, and that earned a
:11:57. > :12:00.public scolding from President Trump. The president of Mexico and
:12:01. > :12:06.myself have agreed to cancel our planned meeting scheduled for next
:12:07. > :12:11.week, unless Mexico is going to treat the United States fairly, with
:12:12. > :12:18.respect, such a meeting would be fruitless and I want to go a
:12:19. > :12:22.different route. Almost a week into his term in office it's already
:12:23. > :12:28.becoming clear that Donald Trump is changing the presidency more than
:12:29. > :12:31.the presidency is changing him. On prime-time TV last night, the former
:12:32. > :12:34.property tycoon gave a tour of the country's most prized piece of real
:12:35. > :12:40.estate and it was vintage Donald Trump. I don't want to change too
:12:41. > :12:44.much. I can be the most presidential ever, other than possibly the great
:12:45. > :12:49.Abraham Lincoln, all right? But I can be the most presidential person.
:12:50. > :12:53.He's still obsessed with the crowd size that his inauguration. But in a
:12:54. > :12:56.new interview with Fox News, he turned his attention to the group
:12:57. > :13:00.calling itself Islamic State, saying its fighters were thick and
:13:01. > :13:04.demented. The people we are going against, they don't wear uniforms,
:13:05. > :13:11.they are sneaky, dirty rats. And they blow people up in a shopping
:13:12. > :13:15.centre. And they blow people up in a church. These are bad people. The
:13:16. > :13:19.presidency is travelling at a hurtling pace. The late-breaking
:13:20. > :13:23.news tonight, that is now calling for a 20% tax on Mexican imports to
:13:24. > :13:28.pay for the wall. Donald Trump is clearly revelling in his seat of
:13:29. > :13:35.power, whether it's in the Oval Office, or at 30,000 feet.
:13:36. > :13:38.Beautiful, great plane. Nick Bryant, BBC News, Washington. Let's talk to
:13:39. > :13:42.our North American auditor Jon Sopel, at the White House. It's
:13:43. > :13:46.difficult to keep up with events. There's the tax with Mexico,
:13:47. > :13:50.executive orders, he's picking fights with Mexico. There are the
:13:51. > :13:54.announcements that they have anticipated and planned for, and
:13:55. > :13:57.there's what they call in the White House, stray voltage, where things
:13:58. > :14:02.haven't gone quite exactly to plan, and there's been a lot of that
:14:03. > :14:05.today. You've had the top team at the State Department, civil servants
:14:06. > :14:10.resigning en masse, you've had all manner of other things as well, the
:14:11. > :14:14.row over torture with the Republican leadership distancing themselves
:14:15. > :14:18.from him, you've had the concern over him signing an executive order
:14:19. > :14:23.looking into electoral fraud, even though the evidence is very scant on
:14:24. > :14:26.that, and indeed, so much so that apparently one of the reasons Donald
:14:27. > :14:32.Trump believes that, he was told it was so by the German golfer Bernhard
:14:33. > :14:35.Langer. These are some of the things that are moving Donald Trump in a
:14:36. > :14:38.certain direction. On top of that we've had the Mexican president
:14:39. > :14:43.announcing that he's not going to come to Washington after all. There
:14:44. > :14:48.seem to be limits on Twitter diplomacy. Let's talk about the
:14:49. > :14:53.meeting with Theresa May tomorrow. What reception is she likely to get
:14:54. > :14:57.there? I think she's going to get a very warm reception. I thought what
:14:58. > :15:00.was notable about her speech was how loudly she proclaimed her closeness
:15:01. > :15:04.and was very subtle about the differences, as Laura was saying,
:15:05. > :15:08.that she has with this administration. But this is all
:15:09. > :15:12.about trade, and getting a deal, if and when Britain leads the single
:15:13. > :15:17.market, which seems to becoming more and more certain. The thing you have
:15:18. > :15:22.to ask is, who needs that trade deal more? Donald Trump, or Theresa May?
:15:23. > :15:25.Theresa May is clearly the answer to that question, which means she's
:15:26. > :15:29.going to have to tread very carefully with Donald Trump, who may
:15:30. > :15:33.be offering her all sorts of nice things, but there may be trapped in
:15:34. > :15:36.there as well. Jon Sopel at the White House, thank you.
:15:37. > :15:39.Here in the UK, Strong consumer spending helped the economy grow
:15:40. > :15:41.faster than expected at the end of last year.
:15:42. > :15:45.Figures show it grew by 0.6% in the October to December period.
:15:46. > :15:49.It means the British economy expanded by two per cent last year,
:15:50. > :15:51.confounding predictions from some economists that there would be
:15:52. > :15:59.an immediate slowdown after the Brexit vote.
:16:00. > :16:01.The Chancellor Philip Hammond said the figures show
:16:02. > :16:05.the economy is robust, but warned there could be a period
:16:06. > :16:07.of uncertainty ahead, as our economics editor
:16:08. > :16:10.It was Napoleon who famously and sarcastically called us
:16:11. > :16:12.a nation of shopkeepers, and the Government will be pleased
:16:13. > :16:15.today the UK economy is still one based on consumers
:16:16. > :16:20.Britain's services sector, 80% of the economy, was the reason
:16:21. > :16:27.For shoppers in Reading, it was good business as usual.
:16:28. > :16:29.A lot of people thought that the referendum and the vote
:16:30. > :16:32.to leave the EU would mean consumers might be nervous, "What does
:16:33. > :16:35.the future hold?," and would stop spending.
:16:36. > :16:42.No, I haven't seen any difference personally.
:16:43. > :16:46.I think consumer spending will maintain itself and, long-term,
:16:47. > :16:52.I think we are in a terribly unstable situation, I really do.
:16:53. > :16:57.We have got nothing that is filling us with confidence.
:16:58. > :17:02.They drove a myriad of warnings before the referendum.
:17:03. > :17:05.There would be a hit to the value of people's homes,
:17:06. > :17:11.Material slowdown in growth, notable increase in inflation.
:17:12. > :17:19.Higher prices, less growth means less jobs, so higher unemployment.
:17:20. > :17:23.We are indeed a nation of shoppers and, frankly,
:17:24. > :17:27.those gloomy predictions before the referendum haven't come to pass.
:17:28. > :17:32.Consumer confidence is still strong, business confidence is still strong,
:17:33. > :17:36.but with inflation rising and Britain actually still to start
:17:37. > :17:41.the process of leaving the EU, which of course we haven't done yet,
:17:42. > :17:49.The Chancellor meeting apprentices at Microsoft, near Reading,
:17:50. > :17:52.a company that is investing in the UK.
:17:53. > :17:55.I met him later and asked him about the Bank of England
:17:56. > :17:58.forecast which said growth could slow next year.
:17:59. > :18:04.Is this economic pain cancelled or is it delayed?
:18:05. > :18:07.What the figures today show is that the UK economy continues
:18:08. > :18:11.to be resilient and continues to confound the sceptics.
:18:12. > :18:15.Of course, we recognise that as we go into this period
:18:16. > :18:20.of negotiation with the EU, and as we absorb the impact
:18:21. > :18:24.of the depreciation of sterling last year, there will be more uncertainty
:18:25. > :18:28.ahead during the course of this year.
:18:29. > :18:31.British-built cars off to the continent today,
:18:32. > :18:35.a mark of optimism, as production reached a 17-year high
:18:36. > :18:40.There is still, though, the Brexit shadow.
:18:41. > :18:44.We are getting comments from a number of our members saying
:18:45. > :18:47.they are sitting on their hands, waiting to see what the future
:18:48. > :18:50.will hold, and looking for greater certainty about future
:18:51. > :18:52.relationships, especially with Europe.
:18:53. > :18:57.Britain's growth last year was the highest of any
:18:58. > :19:08.Are we still waiting for the full Brexit effect?
:19:09. > :19:10.The Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn says his MPs will face a three-line
:19:11. > :19:15.whip compelling them to vote to trigger Article 50, allowing
:19:16. > :19:20.That's prompted one shadow minister to quit the front bench in protest.
:19:21. > :19:22.A two-line bill on the issue entered the Commons today,
:19:23. > :19:26.Our Deputy Political Editor John Pienaar
:19:27. > :19:30.John, first of all, what's in the bill, and will it
:19:31. > :19:43.Yes, Theresa May hoped to get Brexit started without getting an OK from
:19:44. > :19:49.Parliament, the Supreme Court said we need this. You could write it on
:19:50. > :19:51.the back of an envelope and have room to spare, it gives her
:19:52. > :19:57.authority to get the negotiations to leave going, and take it from there.
:19:58. > :20:03.It will pass comfortably, by the look of things, because most MPs
:20:04. > :20:07.have decided they cannot defy the referendum, and Jeremy Corbyn has
:20:08. > :20:12.told his MPs they can try to influence the outcome, but they
:20:13. > :20:18.cannot stop Brexit. How cookie is it for Jeremy Corbyn? It is difficult
:20:19. > :20:24.for Labour. The Tories were always the party with a running schism over
:20:25. > :20:30.Europe, and now it is Labour's term, because their MPs come from areas
:20:31. > :20:33.that voted to leave. He has persuaded some of these unhappy
:20:34. > :20:39.ministers to go along with this, but one of them has resigned. Others
:20:40. > :20:45.will vote against it. He will have to decide whether to sack them. It
:20:46. > :20:47.leaves Labour split on tactics and policy, and ministers confident of
:20:48. > :20:49.getting at least to the starting line of this marathon over an
:20:50. > :20:56.obstacle course towards Brexit. There's been a record rise
:20:57. > :20:58.in suicides, assaults and self-harm inside prisons in England and Wales,
:20:59. > :21:01.and the latest figures are a stark reminder of the crisis
:21:02. > :21:03.in the penal system. There were 354 deaths
:21:04. > :21:05.in prison custody last year. Nearly 6,500 staff were assaulted
:21:06. > :21:12.in the year to last September. And incidents of self-harm are up
:21:13. > :21:17.by nearly a quarter. Our Home Affairs
:21:18. > :21:19.Correspondent June Kelly has been speaking to one prison officer
:21:20. > :21:28.about life inside the prison walls. Life in our jails is getting worse,
:21:29. > :21:34.for staff and prisoners. The rise in assaults, suicides
:21:35. > :21:41.and self-harming is relentless. The sense of crisis in the system
:21:42. > :21:44.was underlined by a riot in Birmingham prison,
:21:45. > :21:46.where inmates posed Just one of a string of jail
:21:47. > :21:53.disturbances in recent months. Amid the volatile atmosphere,
:21:54. > :21:56.today's figures show that in the past year a record number
:21:57. > :21:59.of prisoners have It's very hard when you've got
:22:00. > :22:04.members of your family who... Sarah is a long-serving
:22:05. > :22:06.prison officer, whose She describes having to deal
:22:07. > :22:13.with a teenage suicide. A self-inflicted death
:22:14. > :22:16.is an horrific experience. You feel, is there something
:22:17. > :22:19.more I could have done? I came on duty, and I went
:22:20. > :22:23.to perform a roll check. I lifted the flap, and this young
:22:24. > :22:27.man was suspended in his cell. We lay him on the bed, and I saw
:22:28. > :22:34.a note to his sister on the side, and I saw it was his birthday,
:22:35. > :22:37.and I thought, what a waste. Just describe the thoughts in your
:22:38. > :22:44.head as you're going into work. When you open a door,
:22:45. > :22:53.you don't know what you're I've had everything from urine,
:22:54. > :22:57.faeces, televisions thrown at me. Prisons are awash with drugs
:22:58. > :23:04.and psychoactive substances All adding to the underlying
:23:05. > :23:08.problems of staff shortages Vulnerable prisoners are suffering
:23:09. > :23:15.in the increasingly-threatening I'm very clear that the levels
:23:16. > :23:20.of violence in our prisons are too high, and the levels of self harm
:23:21. > :23:22.are too high. Since I became Justice Secretary,
:23:23. > :23:26.I've focused on dealing That's why we're investing
:23:27. > :23:30.an extra ?100 million. 2,500 extra prison officers across
:23:31. > :23:36.the estate, so that we are able to have a caseload of one prison
:23:37. > :23:42.officer for every six prisoners. But Sarah says the challenge
:23:43. > :23:44.is not recruiting staff, It's like a soldier
:23:45. > :23:48.on a battlefield. You don't know what you're
:23:49. > :23:51.going to be faced with. And on top of that,
:23:52. > :23:54.you've got the fear. "Am I going to make
:23:55. > :23:56.it home tonight?" I've never been in fear
:23:57. > :24:02.of my life until now, and we just don't get paid enough
:24:03. > :24:08.to have that fear every day. And there's a lot more detail
:24:09. > :24:11.about the pressures on the prison You can find it
:24:12. > :24:18.at bbc.co.uk/prisons. Tam Dalyell, the former Labour
:24:19. > :24:20.MP for West Lothian, He'll be remembered for his
:24:21. > :24:25.persistent questioning of Margaret Thatcher over
:24:26. > :24:28.the sinking of the General Belgrano during the Falklands War and his
:24:29. > :24:32.campaigning against other conflicts. His family said he had
:24:33. > :24:39.devoted his life to public service. Tomorrow is Holocaust Memorial Day,
:24:40. > :24:42.marking the anniversary of the liberation of Auschwitz
:24:43. > :24:45.at the end of the Second World War. Commemorations are being held
:24:46. > :24:48.there to remember the six million Jews and others that were murdered
:24:49. > :24:51.by the Nazis. Our special correspondent
:24:52. > :24:53.Allan Little has been to Auschwitz and met one woman
:24:54. > :24:55.who survived her time 72 years ago this week,
:24:56. > :25:06.Soviet troops entered Auschwitz. This was not the only extermination
:25:07. > :25:09.camp in Nazi-occupied Europe. But it was where the evidence
:25:10. > :25:13.was best preserved of the crime that On this railway platform,
:25:14. > :25:20.Nazi officers separated those chosen to live and work from those sent
:25:21. > :25:26.immediately to die. These pictures showed
:25:27. > :25:28.Jews transported here Susan Pollock, 13,
:25:29. > :25:35.was chosen to live. There were no hugs
:25:36. > :25:45.or kisses or embrace. The dehumanisation
:25:46. > :25:51.started immediately. It was just as if I had
:25:52. > :26:02.lost all my feelings. These railway lines extended
:26:03. > :26:11.to almost every corner of Europe, and to the active collaboration
:26:12. > :26:15.of Norwegian civil servants, French police, Polish train drivers,
:26:16. > :26:21.Ukrainian paramilitaries. When it was over, a great public
:26:22. > :26:24.silence descended on Europe. After the war, the nations
:26:25. > :26:27.of Europe were so preoccupied by their own victimhood
:26:28. > :26:30.that they did not pay much attention to the uniqueness
:26:31. > :26:34.of what had happened here. The Jews who survived found
:26:35. > :26:37.that the world beyond these perimeter fences did not
:26:38. > :26:40.want to hear their stories. It was only really in the 1960s,
:26:41. > :26:44.nearly 20 years after the liberation of Auschwitz, that popular
:26:45. > :26:48.consciousness began to confront what Europe collectively
:26:49. > :26:56.had done to its Jews. International law
:26:57. > :27:01.changed immediately. At the postwar Nuremberg trials,
:27:02. > :27:04.two new crimes entered the judicial lexicon for the first time,
:27:05. > :27:08.crimes against humanity Before 1945, if a state wished
:27:09. > :27:16.to kill half its population, there was no rule of international
:27:17. > :27:19.law that said you could not do that. The change that occurred,
:27:20. > :27:23.as we know sadly, has not prevented horrors from taking place,
:27:24. > :27:26.but it does mean that when horrors occur, there is now at least
:27:27. > :27:30.an objective standard which says to governments that as a matter
:27:31. > :27:35.of international law you cannot It took half a century
:27:36. > :27:41.for those powers to be used. But dozens have been convicted
:27:42. > :27:45.and jailed by international courts for genocide and crimes
:27:46. > :27:48.against humanity in Bosnia, The internet is full of claims
:27:49. > :27:55.that the destruction But the testimony of
:27:56. > :28:00.survivors is a warning We are not talking about barbarians,
:28:01. > :28:09.primitive society. The Germans were advanced,
:28:10. > :28:16.educated, progressive, Maybe the civilisation
:28:17. > :28:26.is just a veneer. I think we all need to be very
:28:27. > :28:32.careful about any hate propaganda, because it has got the potential
:28:33. > :28:36.to erupt, and then it is It's considered to be one
:28:37. > :28:48.of the leading international prizes Held every two years,
:28:49. > :28:53.Artes Mundi was founded in 2002. And within the past hour the winner
:28:54. > :28:56.of the ?40,000 prize has been The celebrated British artist
:28:57. > :29:01.and filmmaker John Akomfrah Here is the winner of
:29:02. > :29:12.the 2017 Artes Mundi. It is a film, but not
:29:13. > :29:15.of the Oscar-winning variety. It's more a series of vignettes,
:29:16. > :29:18.reflecting on the harrowing nature It's by the Ghanaian-born,
:29:19. > :29:24.London-based artist John Akomfrah, whose own family were forced to flee
:29:25. > :29:27.persecution, and like millions today, experienced what it can feel
:29:28. > :29:33.like to move to another country. Imagine this, if you're
:29:34. > :29:35.a child of migrants, you sort of live with this,
:29:36. > :29:38.and if you've lived for as long as I have,
:29:39. > :29:42.you've heard this for awhile. I remember this
:29:43. > :29:45.conversation in the '60s. Conversations about whether or not
:29:46. > :29:55.there were too many of you here, It's such a tragic topic and then,
:29:56. > :30:08.when you pull it into art, you give I don't always do things
:30:09. > :30:18.which are beautiful. But, I mean, I don't shun it just
:30:19. > :30:24.because the subject's tough. In fact, that's the reason
:30:25. > :30:26.why you bring to bear certain formal questions,
:30:27. > :30:30.to think about ways in which you can make something which feels
:30:31. > :30:39.to people outside of it like, "I wouldn't touch that,
:30:40. > :30:41.I wouldn't watch that," as a sort of prelude,
:30:42. > :30:48.as a kind of an invitation. Other artists taking part
:30:49. > :30:50.in the prize include the French-Algerian Neil Beloufa
:30:51. > :30:53.and American Amy Franceschini. Among the judges was a curator
:30:54. > :30:59.deemed by one publication to be the most-powerful person
:31:00. > :31:00.in the art world. Where, I asked, does she think this
:31:01. > :31:04.prize fits into a landscape already I think Artes Mundi is very
:31:05. > :31:08.important for the UK, because the awards you have
:31:09. > :31:11.in the UK are national. It's for British artists,
:31:12. > :31:16.or British-based artists, so what the UK didn't really have
:31:17. > :31:21.in a very eminent way So I think it fills
:31:22. > :31:29.a gap, an important gap. The judges said they awarded
:31:30. > :31:32.the prize to John Akomfrah for the way in which his work
:31:33. > :31:34.explores migration, To speak of these things
:31:35. > :31:37.at this moment, they said, Newsnight is getting
:31:38. > :31:46.underway over on BBC Two. Tonight, Theresa May is in the US,
:31:47. > :31:51.getting ready to forge a new relationship with the leader
:31:52. > :31:54.of the free world, so does she put trade first and leave
:31:55. > :31:57.the ticking off until later? And we revisit Trainspotting on the
:31:58. > :32:01.eve of the long-awaited sequel. Here on BBC One it's time
:32:02. > :32:08.for the news where you are.