0:00:05 > 0:00:08Tonight at ten, celebrations into the night in Zimbabwe
0:00:08 > 0:00:11after Robert Mugabe finally resigns as president after 37
0:00:11 > 0:00:16years in power.
0:00:16 > 0:00:20Tens of thousands of people poured into the streets after the man who'd
0:00:20 > 0:00:30had an iron grip on power was swept aside.
0:00:30 > 0:00:31I, Robert Mugabe...
0:00:31 > 0:00:33I, Robert Mugabe...
0:00:33 > 0:00:34Mugabe's resignation came as a complete surprise.
0:00:34 > 0:00:36His letter was read out in parliament.
0:00:36 > 0:00:39We're here right at the moment that they've heard that Robert Mugabe has
0:00:39 > 0:00:40resigned from the presidency.
0:00:40 > 0:00:43And you can hear it from Zanu-PF MPs, from opposition MPs,
0:00:43 > 0:00:45from members of the public who've come here to witness
0:00:45 > 0:00:50what's happening.
0:00:50 > 0:00:53It happened as impeachment proceedings against 93-year-old
0:00:53 > 0:00:57Mugabe were beginning after last week's military take over
0:00:57 > 0:01:01and days of protests.
0:01:01 > 0:01:08It is a good steak for Zimbabwe. This is a new era for our nation.I
0:01:08 > 0:01:11think the only time I will be able to comprehend what has just happened
0:01:11 > 0:01:13is when I wake up in the morning.
0:01:13 > 0:01:15is when I wake up in the morning.
0:01:15 > 0:01:17For many people, Mugabe is the only leader they've ever known.
0:01:17 > 0:01:19We'll be asking what now for Zimbabwe?
0:01:19 > 0:01:20Also tonight:
0:01:20 > 0:01:23Police reveal dozens of prosecutions have been dropped after claims that
0:01:23 > 0:01:25thousands of test results were tampered with at
0:01:25 > 0:01:35a forensics laboratory.
0:01:35 > 0:01:38The DUP leader Arlene Foster says Northern Ireland's border is being
0:01:38 > 0:01:44used in the negotiations for the Brexit negotiations.
0:01:44 > 0:01:46The Chancellor Philip Hammond puts the finishing touches to tomorrow's
0:01:46 > 0:01:49Budget saying he will "invest to secure a bright
0:01:49 > 0:01:50future for Britain".
0:01:50 > 0:01:53And coming up on Sportsday on BBC News: No shortage of goals
0:01:53 > 0:01:55in Spain as Liverpool continue their Champions League
0:01:55 > 0:01:57campaign in Sevilla.
0:02:11 > 0:02:14Good evening.
0:02:14 > 0:02:17Robert Mugabe took Zimbabwe and the world by surprise this
0:02:17 > 0:02:19afternoon when he suddenly resigned as the country's president
0:02:19 > 0:02:22after almost four decades in power.
0:02:22 > 0:02:25Without warning his letter of resignation was read out
0:02:25 > 0:02:27in parliament just as impeachment proceedings against him
0:02:27 > 0:02:30were getting under way.
0:02:30 > 0:02:34In it Mugabe said his decision to go was voluntary and he had made it
0:02:34 > 0:02:36to allow a smooth transfer of power.
0:02:36 > 0:02:39The news sparked wild celebrations with thousands of people pouring
0:02:39 > 0:02:43onto the streets in the capital Harare.
0:02:43 > 0:02:53Our Africa Editor Fergal Keane was in parliament when the news broke.
0:02:53 > 0:02:58Tonight Harare, a city for so long where people feared to speak their
0:02:58 > 0:03:03mind, is a place of noise. It is exactly seven days since the army
0:03:03 > 0:03:08began its move against Robert Mugabe. In the times since, people's
0:03:08 > 0:03:13hopes have surged and faded as they wondered if he would resign. Tonight
0:03:13 > 0:03:16just before five o'clock Robert Mugabe brought the waiting to an
0:03:16 > 0:03:20end.
0:03:20 > 0:03:25It is the night of the free, and night like no other in their lives,
0:03:25 > 0:03:30a great tension has broken, the Epoque of fear, of desperation, of
0:03:30 > 0:03:35Robert Mugabe, has ended. How rarely does politics translate into
0:03:35 > 0:03:42something so truly felt?It is a mystery in the making. We never
0:03:42 > 0:03:48thought something like this would happen in Zimbabwe.This is what we
0:03:48 > 0:03:55have been fighting for since independence. One man has been taken
0:03:55 > 0:04:01as, but we are happy it is done now. Suddenly we got the news tonight it
0:04:01 > 0:04:06was over, he had retired, he had resigned and he was gone and
0:04:06 > 0:04:10suddenly there was just this euphoria and that is all of us.All
0:04:10 > 0:04:21of us!The sense of surprise here is deep. Because at the day's beginning
0:04:21 > 0:04:26it did not feel as if Robert Mugabe was going anywhere.
0:04:26 > 0:04:29Parliamentarians, urged on by the crowds, gathered to begin the
0:04:29 > 0:04:34process of impeaching the president. After a week in which he had refused
0:04:34 > 0:04:40to quit, his own MPs led the legal process. As MPs moved into
0:04:40 > 0:04:44Parliament to prepare for the impeachment vote, the decisive
0:04:44 > 0:04:48political phase of the operation to remove Robert Mugabe from power gets
0:04:48 > 0:04:52under way. Will he be gone by the end of the week?I really cannot
0:04:52 > 0:04:58say. The process of Parliament is determining whether or not he will
0:04:58 > 0:05:00be gone by the end of the week. I would have wanted him to go
0:05:00 > 0:05:08yesterday.The MPs knew that public patience was wearing thin. The
0:05:08 > 0:05:13expectations of a nation were focused on them. The crowd have new
0:05:13 > 0:05:20heroes, the general who arrested Robert Mugabe... And Emerson
0:05:20 > 0:05:23Mnangagwa, the political brain behind the coup and president in
0:05:23 > 0:05:32waiting. By mid afternoon the MPs and senators had moved to a hotel to
0:05:32 > 0:05:35accommodate the special joint session of Parliament. They were
0:05:35 > 0:05:39watched by the public in what felt like a rare moment of true democracy
0:05:39 > 0:05:48here. People are suffering, this MP said. And then the moment. A letter
0:05:48 > 0:05:53was handed to the speaker. He read it first himself and then to the
0:05:53 > 0:06:03world.A letter from the president...He was muffled but the
0:06:03 > 0:06:16words were momentous.He hands in his resignation.
0:06:16 > 0:06:23CHEERING Many who are we ago would have
0:06:23 > 0:06:27cheered Robert Mugabe now exalted in his fall.
0:06:27 > 0:06:31And we are here right at the moment that they heard that Robert Mugabe
0:06:31 > 0:06:38has resigned from the presidency. You can hear it, cheering from
0:06:38 > 0:06:41Zanu-PF MPs, from opposition MPs and from members of the public who have
0:06:41 > 0:06:46come here to witness what was happening. They did not expect it.
0:06:46 > 0:06:49They thought this would be a potentially elongated process of
0:06:49 > 0:06:56impeachment but it has not happened. He has gone, it is over. A week ago
0:06:56 > 0:07:00most foreign journalists were banned here. Today MPs were eager to speak
0:07:00 > 0:07:07with me. This is a huge moment for your country, what do you feel?This
0:07:07 > 0:07:11is a revelation. The people, if they speak their mind, they can change
0:07:11 > 0:07:17what will come.What are you feeling? I am feeling very happy
0:07:17 > 0:07:22because there is no spilling of blood in Zimbabwe. The people love
0:07:22 > 0:07:34peace. Celebrations spilled into the streets. They cheered Emerson
0:07:34 > 0:07:43Mnangagwa and mocked Robert Mugabe. Wherever they were met, the soldiers
0:07:43 > 0:07:50were fated. We moved back up to the city into the rapidly gathering
0:07:50 > 0:07:57crowds. We have just come from Parliament and we are on the streets
0:07:57 > 0:08:04and the celebrations have started. Many are celebrating the end of the
0:08:04 > 0:08:12age of Mugabe. Now it is over. But in their joy they also know they
0:08:12 > 0:08:17must be vigilant.I think people will rejoice tonight, after that we
0:08:17 > 0:08:23really have to be about the serious business of building our country. We
0:08:23 > 0:08:28cannot make the mistake of having the same kind of leaders in place to
0:08:28 > 0:08:33build our country, we cannot afford that.Remember the longer road to
0:08:33 > 0:08:39this moment? The people who endured white minority rule? And then they
0:08:39 > 0:08:43saw their independence become tyranny. They found themselves
0:08:43 > 0:08:48suddenly free. Our Africa editor Fergal Keane.
0:08:48 > 0:08:50Our Africa editor Fergal Keane.
0:08:50 > 0:08:53After nearly four decades in power, Robert Mugabe is the only leader
0:08:53 > 0:08:54many Zimbabweans have ever known.
0:08:54 > 0:08:57Our Zimbabwe Correspondent, Shingai Nyoke, has been talking
0:08:57 > 0:09:04to some of the people celebrating in the capital Harare.
0:09:04 > 0:09:08Street parties are going on throughout the night as people say
0:09:08 > 0:09:15they have been reborn. On every street, in every bar, the
0:09:15 > 0:09:18celebrations continue, relishing the national flag in a renewed sense of
0:09:18 > 0:09:24patriotism. I witnessed first-hand celebrations at independence in
0:09:24 > 0:09:301980. There was such an overwhelming sense of hope. Now for the first
0:09:30 > 0:09:34time in 37 years I have seen the same glimmer of hope in the eyes of
0:09:34 > 0:09:41Zimbabwe. I visited this bar to see what changes this generation, known
0:09:41 > 0:09:45as born frees as they were born after 1980, want from a future
0:09:45 > 0:09:51without Robert Mugabe.Can you imagine all the years I have existed
0:09:51 > 0:09:56on this planet I have only known one president. For me it is certainly a
0:09:56 > 0:10:01different thing and it is the best. I will run with it and I will run
0:10:01 > 0:10:06with Emerson Mnangagwa, I do not care.It is ironic that Emerson
0:10:06 > 0:10:09Mnangagwa, one of the symbols of Zanu-PF repression, is now seen as
0:10:09 > 0:10:16the face of that new hope.I just hope that as the new president of
0:10:16 > 0:10:22Zimbabwe he is aware that, unlike Mugabe, he is leading with people
0:10:22 > 0:10:26who have found their voice and if at any time in his presidency he comes
0:10:26 > 0:10:32short, we now have got the courage and the will to put that into check.
0:10:32 > 0:10:35That is what this period has been about, that the president must
0:10:35 > 0:10:42answer to the people.For many years Zimbabwe and had felt an unspoken
0:10:42 > 0:10:46shame as the economy crashed and millions of Africa's most literate
0:10:46 > 0:10:49workforce, young and old, fled the country for new jobs in foreign
0:10:49 > 0:10:57lands.I can start building a career, I can start investing. By
0:10:57 > 0:11:02the time I am 40 maybe I can own property. For me I finally have a
0:11:02 > 0:11:05future and I can start looking towards something and not just
0:11:05 > 0:11:10surviving.We are the future of Zimbabwe, without us, there will not
0:11:10 > 0:11:16be any Zimbabwe.In the streets of Harare I saw a pride that has been
0:11:16 > 0:11:21long absent and heard many say that night they have shown Africa had to
0:11:21 > 0:11:24effect peaceful change.
0:11:24 > 0:11:31effect peaceful change.
0:11:31 > 0:11:35The 1980 independence struggle one Robert Mugabe the image of a hero by
0:11:35 > 0:11:37some.
0:11:37 > 0:11:40His part in achieving that won him the status of a hero
0:11:40 > 0:11:41in the anti-colonial struggle.
0:11:41 > 0:11:44But then during his long years in power he presided over decades
0:11:44 > 0:11:46of political repression and economic chaos.
0:11:46 > 0:11:48By the end he was reviled as a tyrant.
0:11:48 > 0:11:49Here's our Africa Correspondent Andrew Harding.
0:11:49 > 0:11:52At every roadblock in every corner of this long tormented country you
0:11:52 > 0:11:55can feel the influence and the damage wrought by Robert Mugabe. And
0:11:55 > 0:12:06the fear. Today we went deep into Zimbabwe's countryside. There it is
0:12:06 > 0:12:11on the left. Robert Mugabe's mansion. It is almost feudal, more
0:12:11 > 0:12:18like a family business than a country.Andrew, we want you to come
0:12:18 > 0:12:23in and take a look.They would not let us go in to admire the
0:12:23 > 0:12:27chandeliers, so we visited the neighbours. It was smashed down by
0:12:27 > 0:12:35the police?Yes.To be poor in Zimbabwe is to be powerless. Robert
0:12:35 > 0:12:39Mugabe's wife Grace recently decided she wanted this land so she said the
0:12:39 > 0:12:43piece into destroyed dozens of homes.They came here and started
0:12:43 > 0:12:50demolishing my house. They said you must go away with this process being
0:12:50 > 0:12:58taken by the first lady.Grace Mugabe?Yes.If she came here, what
0:12:58 > 0:13:04would you say?She has destroyed my life for the past 16 years.Tear her
0:13:04 > 0:13:13to pieces. So how did it all go so wrong?I, Robert, Gabriel Mugabe.37
0:13:13 > 0:13:18years ago Robert Mugabe was a hero, the man who liberated Zimbabwe, but
0:13:18 > 0:13:23he soon proved to be a different leader. After he had the least his
0:13:23 > 0:13:29supporters on the country's white farmer as the economy collapsed. He
0:13:29 > 0:13:35rigged elections and terrorised his opponents to stay in power and all
0:13:35 > 0:13:40but a few suffered. This was me shopping in a country ravaged by
0:13:40 > 0:13:44hyperinflation. To give you a sense of this country's spiralling
0:13:44 > 0:13:47catastrophe I have come to a supermarket on the edge of Harare
0:13:47 > 0:13:52and we are using hidden cameras for our protection. The first thing you
0:13:52 > 0:13:57see are empty shells that should be stacked with bread, but the bakeries
0:13:57 > 0:14:01have stopped working. Robert Mugabe shrugged it off, but he was older
0:14:01 > 0:14:06and weaker than he knew. In the end his fatal mistake was almost a
0:14:06 > 0:14:10cliche, to pick his wife as his successor, a woman who know one
0:14:10 > 0:14:19trusted or liked. The man poised to take over here is Emerson Mnangagwa,
0:14:19 > 0:14:22for decades Robert Mugabe's right-hand man, his brutal enforcer.
0:14:22 > 0:14:28The worry is that Zimbabwe is busy exchanging one tyrant for another.
0:14:28 > 0:14:35Then again this has been an earthquake of a week. The fear has
0:14:35 > 0:14:39lifted, the genie of freedom may be out of the bottle.This is a big
0:14:39 > 0:14:42moment, we are so excited that finally we are taking over the
0:14:42 > 0:14:48country. 37 years of disappointment, falsehood and dictatorship, all of
0:14:48 > 0:14:53this is coming to an end and we must have a fresh beginning.Tonight
0:14:53 > 0:14:58Robert Mugabe leaves behind a country warped by years of stubborn,
0:14:58 > 0:15:02unnecessary cruelty. But he is gone and Zimbabwe is celebrating.
0:15:02 > 0:15:06But he is gone and Zimbabwe is celebrating.
0:15:06 > 0:15:11Let's go back to Fergal Keane who is in Harare. We can hear the noisy
0:15:11 > 0:15:16celebrations still going on. I am sure they will be going on into the
0:15:16 > 0:15:23night. What next now for Zimbabwe? We know that Emerson Mnangagwa, the
0:15:23 > 0:15:26president elect, will arrive here tomorrow and be sworn in either
0:15:26 > 0:15:30tomorrow or Wednesday. As Andrew said in his report, there are
0:15:30 > 0:15:35serious questions around him. He was a loyal henchman of Robert Mugabe
0:15:35 > 0:15:39for years. But it is important to factor in the pressure that will
0:15:39 > 0:15:44come from people like the Chinese, major backers of Zimbabwe, and the
0:15:44 > 0:15:49West. For me the biggest thing that has emerged in the last week is the
0:15:49 > 0:15:56power of our younger generation of activists. They are people who are
0:15:56 > 0:16:01tech savvy, allied to the power of social media and determined not to
0:16:01 > 0:16:04endure the prior patience and depressions that their parents and
0:16:04 > 0:16:09grandparents suffered. They will be the biggest bloc against any kind of
0:16:09 > 0:16:14tyranny in Zimbabwe again.Fergal Keane, thank you.
0:16:14 > 0:16:17More than 10,000 criminal cases may have been affected by alleged
0:16:17 > 0:16:20data manipulation at a forensics laboratory in Manchester.
0:16:20 > 0:16:28It's a lab that's used by police forces across the UK.
0:16:28 > 0:16:30Around 50 prosecutions for driving offences
0:16:30 > 0:16:32have already been stopped because of concerns about drug test
0:16:32 > 0:16:35results and there are fears there could be many more.
0:16:35 > 0:16:37Daniel Sandford reports.
0:16:37 > 0:16:39A glossy promotional video for Randox Testing Services,
0:16:39 > 0:16:44used by police forces to check samples for drugs, testing that
0:16:44 > 0:16:48it's now clear has been unreliable for years.
0:16:48 > 0:16:53My advice from the forensic science regulator was that up to 10,000
0:16:53 > 0:16:57cases, spanning back to late 2013, could no longer be fully relied
0:16:57 > 0:16:59upon in the criminal justice system.
0:16:59 > 0:17:0710,000 cases.
0:17:07 > 0:17:10Defence lawyer Nick Freeman spotted the problem when one of his clients,
0:17:10 > 0:17:12who'd admitted using a small amount of cannabis, tested positive
0:17:12 > 0:17:15for drugs he knew he hadn't taken.
0:17:15 > 0:17:18When we got the report from Randox, it suggested a much larger amount
0:17:18 > 0:17:20than had been anticipated but, more pertinently, it also suggested
0:17:20 > 0:17:28that he'd consumed cocaine and another substance,
0:17:28 > 0:17:29and he hadn't consumed any other substance,
0:17:29 > 0:17:33as far as he was concerned.
0:17:33 > 0:17:35Two employees from Randox's Manchester laboratory are suspected
0:17:35 > 0:17:37of not redoing tests that had failed quality checks.
0:17:37 > 0:17:39They've been arrested, but not charged.
0:17:39 > 0:17:43The company has apologised and is paying for thousands of retests.
0:17:43 > 0:17:48The actual number of miscarriages of justice isn't clear yet.
0:17:48 > 0:17:51The Crown Prosecution Service has dropped 50 prosecutions
0:17:51 > 0:17:55for drug-driving that hadn't come to court yet and two cases of death
0:17:55 > 0:17:58by careless driving involving drugs have been referred back
0:17:58 > 0:18:02here to the Court of Appeal.
0:18:02 > 0:18:05And there are now concerns about work done by these same two
0:18:05 > 0:18:08employees on family cases at Trimega Laboratories
0:18:08 > 0:18:11between 2010 and 2014 before it was taken over by Randox.
0:18:11 > 0:18:21Daniel Sandford, BBC News, at the Court of Appeal.
0:18:41 > 0:18:42A drugs company has been accused
0:18:42 > 0:18:44of overcharging the NHS by tens
0:18:44 > 0:18:46of millions of pounds a year for a thyroid medicine.
0:18:46 > 0:18:49Ten years ago the annual bill to the NHS was £600,000,
0:18:49 > 0:18:52last year the company Concordia charged the NHS £34 million for it.
0:18:52 > 0:18:53The Competition and Markets Authority says the manufacturer
0:18:53 > 0:18:54abused its dominant position.
0:18:54 > 0:18:57Concordia denies it infringed competition law.
0:18:57 > 0:18:59Northern Ireland's border is being used as a bargaining chip
0:18:59 > 0:19:02in the Brexit negotiations according to the leader of the
0:19:02 > 0:19:03DUP, Arlene Foster.
0:19:03 > 0:19:06She's accused Ireland and the rest of the EU of being "careless"
0:19:06 > 0:19:08and "reckless" in the way they are using concerns as part
0:19:08 > 0:19:10of the Brexit talks.
0:19:10 > 0:19:13It comes as the Prime Minister Theresa May said she's ready to move
0:19:13 > 0:19:14the Brexit talks forward.
0:19:14 > 0:19:15Our political editor, Laura Kuenssberg, reports.
0:19:15 > 0:19:18The answers aren't written in the sky, but Number Ten has got
0:19:18 > 0:19:20ministers on board to dangle the promise of a bigger
0:19:20 > 0:19:24payment to Brussels.
0:19:24 > 0:19:27Theresa May hopes that will shift the EU to talking trade next month.
0:19:27 > 0:19:30We are ready to move onto phase two, to see those talks about a deep
0:19:30 > 0:19:32and special partnership with the EU for the future.
0:19:32 > 0:19:41But a hypothetical bigger bill isn't the only demand
0:19:41 > 0:19:42the Brexit Secretary's counterparts are making.
0:19:42 > 0:19:44The EU's pressing the UK to be more specific
0:19:44 > 0:19:47about what happens at the border between Northern Ireland and
0:19:47 > 0:19:48the South when it's time to leave.
0:19:48 > 0:19:51The Northern Ireland border cannot be fully addressed if we're not
0:19:51 > 0:19:53taking into account the shape of our future partnership
0:19:53 > 0:19:56with the European Union.
0:19:56 > 0:20:00Final resolution of the financial settlement depends on it
0:20:00 > 0:20:04because nothing is agreed until everything is agreed.
0:20:04 > 0:20:06Serious slips can easily be made by both sides,
0:20:06 > 0:20:07one diplomat said today.
0:20:07 > 0:20:13And serious awkwardness is emerging over the Irish border.
0:20:13 > 0:20:18The Irish PM, the Taoiseach, demanding a hard border is ruled
0:20:18 > 0:20:21out, concerned that putting up real barriers could undo progress,
0:20:21 > 0:20:24peace in Northern Ireland.
0:20:24 > 0:20:26But the DUP who, remember, have essentially the casting
0:20:26 > 0:20:31vote in the Commons and the Prime Minister's ear, aren't
0:20:31 > 0:20:35happy about how Ireland and the EU are playing their concerns.
0:20:35 > 0:20:38I am accusing them of being reckless because, if you listen
0:20:38 > 0:20:39to some of the rhetoric...
0:20:39 > 0:20:47Look, nobody understands negotiations probably better
0:20:47 > 0:20:50than I because there are people that will come out and they will say
0:20:50 > 0:20:53things to try and push agendas forward, so it's almost
0:20:53 > 0:20:54a full battle.
0:20:54 > 0:20:57So you think some of this is confected, would you say
0:20:57 > 0:20:58it's a faux battle?
0:20:58 > 0:21:00Well, I think some people are taking their moment in the sun
0:21:00 > 0:21:03at the moment to try and get the maximum in relation
0:21:03 > 0:21:06to the negotiations and I understand that, but you shouldn't play
0:21:06 > 0:21:07about with Northern Ireland.
0:21:07 > 0:21:09It sounds rather, Arleen Foster, that you're warning
0:21:09 > 0:21:10off the Taoiseach?
0:21:10 > 0:21:12Well, I'm saying to him that he should know better
0:21:12 > 0:21:15than anybody, that you don't play around with Northern Ireland
0:21:15 > 0:21:16to effect change in other places.
0:21:16 > 0:21:20We need to get into the next phase, to look at what does it actually
0:21:20 > 0:21:25look like in terms of trade.
0:21:25 > 0:21:27I hear this phrase "the borders of the past", of course
0:21:27 > 0:21:30the borders of the past were there for a completely
0:21:30 > 0:21:31different reason.
0:21:31 > 0:21:34The borders of the past were there to deal with terrorism.
0:21:34 > 0:21:36They were there to deal with a very difficult situation
0:21:36 > 0:21:37in Northern Ireland.
0:21:37 > 0:21:38What is that solution though?
0:21:38 > 0:21:41People talk about the frictionless border and for pretty much 18 months
0:21:41 > 0:21:43now nobody has come up with a solution.
0:21:43 > 0:21:50What might that be?
0:21:50 > 0:21:52The solution comes in the trade negotiations and that's
0:21:52 > 0:21:53the point I'm making.
0:21:53 > 0:21:56We need to be able to move to the second phase so we can
0:21:56 > 0:21:57actually get more of the details.
0:21:57 > 0:22:02But for Ireland, north and south, for Brussels as well as Westminster,
0:22:02 > 0:22:04the border could yet hold up the deliberation of the next crucial
0:22:04 > 0:22:08stage.
0:22:08 > 0:22:12A reminder, Brexit is not just about our departure,
0:22:12 > 0:22:14not just about our Parliament, and certainly not just
0:22:14 > 0:22:15about our politicians.
0:22:15 > 0:22:24Laura Kuenssberg, BBC News, Westminster.
0:22:24 > 0:22:28Tomorrow the Chancellor Philip Hammond will outline his vision
0:22:28 > 0:22:35for Britain's economy and spending when he delivers his Budget.
0:22:35 > 0:22:38He says he will use it to "invest to secure a bright
0:22:38 > 0:22:40future for Britain."
0:22:40 > 0:22:44Our economics editor, Kamal Ahmed, has been looking at what we can
0:22:44 > 0:22:46expect him to say and asking just how much room for maoeuvre
0:22:46 > 0:22:47the Chancellor actually has.
0:22:47 > 0:22:50Budget day and probably the most important economic and political
0:22:50 > 0:22:51event since the general election.
0:22:51 > 0:22:54It's the day when the Government lays out how it's going to tax
0:22:54 > 0:22:57all of us and what it's going to spend those taxes on,
0:22:57 > 0:22:59that long shopping list of demands - schools, hospitals,
0:22:59 > 0:23:00the police and housing.
0:23:00 > 0:23:03For many years the Government has spent more than it raises in taxes,
0:23:03 > 0:23:05and that's meant the Government's had to borrow.
0:23:05 > 0:23:07On that issue though, there's been some good
0:23:07 > 0:23:08news for the Chancellor.
0:23:08 > 0:23:17The official forecast said that the Government was likely
0:23:17 > 0:23:21to borrow this year £51.7 billion.
0:23:21 > 0:23:24But higher tax revenues and lower public spending has made the picture
0:23:24 > 0:23:25a little more positive.
0:23:25 > 0:23:27Now, the forecast is expected to say that borrowing this year
0:23:27 > 0:23:36will hit £45.7 billion.
0:23:36 > 0:23:39That would give Hammond a bit more wriggle room if he wants to spend
0:23:39 > 0:23:40more.
0:23:40 > 0:23:43And will help the deficit, that's the amount the Government
0:23:43 > 0:23:45spends compared to what it receives in taxes.
0:23:45 > 0:23:47In 2010, the deficit was running at 9.9% of national income,
0:23:47 > 0:23:48otherwise known as GDP.
0:23:48 > 0:23:51Last year, it was 3.8% and the Government wants it to fall
0:23:51 > 0:23:53to zero by the middle of the next decade.
0:23:53 > 0:23:56But talk to any budget expert and they will tell
0:23:56 > 0:23:58you all of the Chancellor's calculations could be blown out
0:23:58 > 0:24:01of the water by a huge downgrade in productivity,
0:24:01 > 0:24:05that's the ability of the economy to create wealth.
0:24:05 > 0:24:07A downgrade's definitely bad news for Philip Hammond.
0:24:07 > 0:24:10It's bad news both because a slower growing economy means lower tax
0:24:10 > 0:24:13receipts and more borrowing and it reduces the amount of money he has
0:24:13 > 0:24:16to play with to make the kind of announcements he might
0:24:16 > 0:24:17want to make.
0:24:17 > 0:24:19Productivity downgrade is also going to affect people's pay
0:24:19 > 0:24:21and families living standards and that creates added pressure
0:24:21 > 0:24:23on the Chancellor to do something about that,
0:24:23 > 0:24:26whether it be via things like public sector pay or cuts
0:24:26 > 0:24:33to working-age benefits or changes to the tax regime.
0:24:33 > 0:24:35Mr Hammond already has some bills to pay.
0:24:35 > 0:24:37The Government has pledged £2 billion to help students
0:24:37 > 0:24:38repaying their loans.
0:24:38 > 0:24:40There's another £2 billion for affordable housing.
0:24:40 > 0:24:42The Northern Ireland coalition deal with the DUP,
0:24:42 > 0:24:44that will cost £1 billion.
0:24:44 > 0:24:47There is likely to be major funding needed to deal with the aftermath
0:24:47 > 0:24:54of the Grenfell tragedy.
0:24:54 > 0:24:58What should we expect from the Budget?
0:24:58 > 0:25:00Will the Chancellor borrow more to pay for all that housing?
0:25:00 > 0:25:03Will there be more money for health and public sector pay?
0:25:03 > 0:25:05And don't forget, the Chancellor doesn't actually control the biggest
0:25:05 > 0:25:07factor affecting the economy and that's Brexit, and that
0:25:07 > 0:25:09remains the big unknown.
0:25:09 > 0:25:18Kamal Ahmed, BBC News.
0:25:31 > 0:25:34A fatal accident inquiry in Scotland has ruled that the deaths of three
0:25:34 > 0:25:37people who were killed in a rally in the Borders could have been
0:25:37 > 0:25:40avoided if people had been clearly banned from standing in the area
0:25:40 > 0:25:41where the crash took place.
0:25:41 > 0:25:44The inquiry was held into the deaths at the Jim Clark Rally in 2014
0:25:44 > 0:25:46and a fourth fatality at the Snowman Rally
0:25:46 > 0:25:47near Inverness in 2013.
0:25:47 > 0:25:50Rodney Bewes, best known for his role as Bob Ferris
0:25:50 > 0:25:52in The Likely Lads, has died aged 79.
0:25:52 > 0:25:54English girls abroad with appealing shoulders and flowery dresses,
0:25:54 > 0:26:00like wallpaper on the march.
0:26:00 > 0:26:02The series was a huge hit in the 1960s and was
0:26:02 > 0:26:05revived a decade later.
0:26:05 > 0:26:09His agent described him as "a true one-off."
0:26:09 > 0:26:14UN war crimes judges will deliver their verdict tomorrow
0:26:14 > 0:26:16on the former Bosnian Serb army commander Ratko Mladic after a trial
0:26:16 > 0:26:21that's lasted six years.
0:26:21 > 0:26:24In 1992, after the break up of Yugoslavia, the small republic
0:26:24 > 0:26:27of Bosnia-Herzegovina descended into civil war.
0:26:27 > 0:26:31Areas dominated by ethnic Serbians declared autonomy and began
0:26:31 > 0:26:41a three-year war with Bosnia's mainly Islamic majority.
0:26:42 > 0:26:52Mladic, nicknamed the "Butcher of Bosnis blamed for ordering
0:26:52 > 0:26:53Mladic, is blamed for ordering
0:26:53 > 0:27:00Europe's worst atrocities since World War II.
0:27:00 > 0:27:01Our special correspondent, Allan Little, reports.
0:27:01 > 0:27:04For years, he was the most commanding figure on the Bosnian
0:27:04 > 0:27:07battlefield and his men gave to the lexicon of conflict a grim
0:27:07 > 0:27:08new euphemism - ethnic cleansing.
0:27:08 > 0:27:10But Ratko Mladic's son insists The Hague tribunal is biased.
0:27:10 > 0:27:13They are going to try to ignore the Second World War
0:27:13 > 0:27:16in which the Serbian people lived through five years of genocide.
0:27:16 > 0:27:19He was an honest, capable officer, who did his job perfectly in this
0:27:19 > 0:27:20difficult circumstances.
0:27:20 > 0:27:23If it were not for General Mladic, we would have repetition
0:27:23 > 0:27:26of the Second World War.
0:27:26 > 0:27:30This inherited memory drove the Serb war effort.
0:27:30 > 0:27:32For them it justified the bombardment of Sarajevo,
0:27:32 > 0:27:36were 11,000 died.
0:27:36 > 0:27:44The murder and extermination, the mass deportations,
0:27:44 > 0:27:46the concentration camps - all these are charges Mladic faces.
0:27:46 > 0:27:48And at Srebrenica, 8,000 men and boys killed.
0:27:48 > 0:27:52For this, he is charged with genocide.
0:27:52 > 0:27:58When he took Srebrenica, Mladic held meetings with local Muslims.
0:27:58 > 0:28:00This engineer is almost too frightened to speak,
0:28:00 > 0:28:03within days he was murdered.
0:28:03 > 0:28:07Nesib Mandzic, then a school teacher, also met
0:28:07 > 0:28:10Mladic, he survived.
0:28:10 > 0:28:12TRANSLATION:At one moment he said to me, "Nesib,
0:28:12 > 0:28:15the destiny of your people is in your own hands.
0:28:15 > 0:28:18You will decide whether they survive or disappear."
0:28:18 > 0:28:21I took it as a threat, but I didn't think they would
0:28:21 > 0:28:23kill so many people.
0:28:23 > 0:28:33But in the end, they even killed children -
0:28:35 > 0:28:3714, 15, 16 years old, and men over 70.
0:28:37 > 0:28:43I couldn't believe that they would kill people like that.
0:28:43 > 0:28:46Among Serbs who fought for him, General Mladic remains a folk hero,
0:28:46 > 0:28:48but even here there's a weariness with the past and the war
0:28:48 > 0:28:50the country hasn't recovered from.
0:28:50 > 0:28:52"You should know that a good percentage of war
0:28:52 > 0:28:54veterans on both sides", he told me, "become alcoholics
0:28:54 > 0:28:56or addicts or they commit suicide in poverty.
0:28:56 > 0:29:02None of us war veterans would want our children
0:29:02 > 0:29:05to fight another war.
0:29:05 > 0:29:07We'd rather leave."
0:29:07 > 0:29:10Two decades on, the divisions of the war remain.
0:29:10 > 0:29:12These children are Bosnian Muslims, growing up in the Serb
0:29:12 > 0:29:17controlled half of Bosnia, but they go to a separate Muslim
0:29:17 > 0:29:25only school because their parents say the local state schools teach
0:29:25 > 0:29:27an explicitly Serb curriculum, one which rejects
0:29:27 > 0:29:28their Bosnian identity.
0:29:28 > 0:29:30It's what Ratko Mladic fought his war, to separate
0:29:30 > 0:29:31Serbs from non Serbs.
0:29:31 > 0:29:33Alija Omerovic, who survived Srebrenica, has two
0:29:33 > 0:29:33children at the school.
0:29:33 > 0:29:35TRANSLATION:I think he succeeded.
0:29:35 > 0:29:37That plan, to divide us, is still succeeding.
0:29:37 > 0:29:43This in a way is also ethnic cleansing.
0:29:43 > 0:29:50Schooling is a basic right for all children,
0:29:50 > 0:29:53no matter what their nationality and if we don't have schooling,
0:29:53 > 0:29:54then we can't live here.
0:29:54 > 0:29:57Ratko Mladic fought to dismember Bosnia, a country he believed had no
0:29:57 > 0:29:58legitimacy or right to exist.
0:29:58 > 0:30:00The divisions that war bequeathed are deep and enduring.
0:30:00 > 0:30:10Allan Little, BBC News, Sarajevo.
0:30:12 > 0:30:17Back now to our main story and the sudden resignation of Robert Mugabe
0:30:17 > 0:30:24after 37 years as Zimbabwe's President.
0:30:24 > 0:30:30Back to Harare now and our correspondent, Shingai Nyoka.
0:30:30 > 0:30:34As the curtain closes on President Mugabe's era tonight I've cast my
0:30:34 > 0:30:41mind back on his 37 year rule. He began as a hero, a liberator, a
0:30:41 > 0:30:45person who educated his people as well as a reconciler of
0:30:45 > 0:30:49black-and-white. But so much of that has been eroded over the last 20
0:30:49 > 0:30:53years. I've been thinking of the people who never really stood a
0:30:53 > 0:30:59chance. The millions of people who left Zimbabwe to find work. The
0:30:59 > 0:31:03thousands who died in hospitals because there was a shortage of drug
0:31:03 > 0:31:08while he left and flew to Singapore to keep him Seve live. In the end he
0:31:08 > 0:31:12was a man obsessed with power and that obsession became more important
0:31:12 > 0:31:20than his people.Our Zimbabwe correspondent, Shingai Nyoka, thank
0:31:20 > 0:31:22you very much.
0:31:22 > 0:31:23That's it from us.
0:31:23 > 0:31:26In a moment the news where you are, but we'll leave with some images
0:31:26 > 0:31:28from what's been an extraordinary day in Zimbabwe.
0:31:28 > 0:31:31Good night.
0:31:31 > 0:31:34I hereby formally tender my resignation as the President
0:31:34 > 0:31:38of the Republic of Zimbabwe with immediate effect.
0:31:38 > 0:31:41CHEERING AND APPLAUSE
0:31:41 > 0:31:42He's gone, we are free!
0:31:42 > 0:31:46We are FREE!
0:31:46 > 0:31:48It's victory for our children.
0:31:48 > 0:31:54Independence is finally here.
0:31:54 > 0:31:58This is a new era for our nation.
0:31:58 > 0:32:0837 years with one president, it doesn't make any sense.