0:00:04 > 0:00:08Tonight at ten, riot police on the streets across Iran
0:00:08 > 0:00:11amid the biggest anti-government demonstrations for a decade.
0:00:14 > 0:00:17At least 22 people have died during six days of demonstrations
0:00:17 > 0:00:19across the country.
0:00:19 > 0:00:21Iran's supreme leader has blamed foreign enemies
0:00:21 > 0:00:24for causing the unrest.
0:00:24 > 0:00:26We'll be asking how serious these protests are for the Iranian
0:00:26 > 0:00:30government and what impact they could have on the region.
0:00:32 > 0:00:35Thousands of routine operations postponed this month
0:00:35 > 0:00:39because of sustained pressure on the NHS in England -
0:00:39 > 0:00:42one doctor says conditions are the worst he's seen.
0:00:42 > 0:00:45I want to do the best I can for the patients that I'm seeing.
0:00:45 > 0:00:47I want to do the best I can.
0:00:47 > 0:00:51But I'm not being given the resources to do that.
0:00:56 > 0:01:00The biggest increase in rail fares for five years. Train operators say
0:01:00 > 0:01:09it is vital to address decades of underinvestment. The plastic
0:01:09 > 0:01:14problem, wider UK under pressure to find new ways to recycle waste.
0:01:14 > 0:01:17A helping hand for China's poorest people - as its president vows
0:01:17 > 0:01:17to lift 43 million from extreme poverty in just three years.
0:01:20 > 0:01:24And the new kid on the block - a 27-year-old former electrician
0:01:24 > 0:01:27causes a sensation in the world of darts as he's
0:01:27 > 0:01:27crowned world champion.
0:01:28 > 0:01:33And coming up on Sportsday on BBC News, we'll have all the action
0:01:33 > 0:01:35from tonight's Premier League games, where it has just been
0:01:35 > 0:01:37raining goals this evening.
0:02:00 > 0:02:01Good evening.
0:02:01 > 0:02:04Riot police are out in force in cities across Iran tonight as
0:02:04 > 0:02:05anti-government protests continue.
0:02:05 > 0:02:07At least 22 people have died since the demonstrations
0:02:07 > 0:02:10began six days ago.
0:02:10 > 0:02:12Hundreds of people have been arrested.
0:02:12 > 0:02:15Today, Iran's Supreme Leader broke his silence for the first time
0:02:15 > 0:02:18since the protests began and accused his country's enemies
0:02:18 > 0:02:20of stirring up the unrest.
0:02:20 > 0:02:22The protests are the boldest challenge to Iran's clerical
0:02:22 > 0:02:26leadership for almost a decade.
0:02:26 > 0:02:29Tonight, America urged Iran to exercise restraint and to restore
0:02:29 > 0:02:31people's access to social media.
0:02:31 > 0:02:34Here's our Middle East Editor Jeremy Bowen.
0:02:38 > 0:02:40In Tehran, squads of motorbike police are cruising the streets
0:02:40 > 0:02:44to break up groups of demonstrators.
0:02:46 > 0:02:48The protests have changed since they started last Thursday.
0:02:49 > 0:02:52GUNSHOTS
0:02:53 > 0:02:56To begin with, they were about the economy.
0:02:56 > 0:02:59Most of the protesters are young men - more than 50%
0:02:59 > 0:03:01of Iranians are under 30 - and perhaps 40% of
0:03:01 > 0:03:03them are unemployed.
0:03:09 > 0:03:12But pent up political frustration is spilling out and much of it has
0:03:12 > 0:03:14been directed at this man, the supreme leader
0:03:14 > 0:03:19Ayatollah Ali Khamenei.
0:03:19 > 0:03:21He is the powerful figurehead of the Islamic Republic,
0:03:21 > 0:03:23and attacks on his posters will be seen as attacks
0:03:23 > 0:03:27on the Islamic system.
0:03:27 > 0:03:30He's blaming Iran's foreign enemies.
0:03:31 > 0:03:34TRANSLATION:Following recent events, the enemies have united
0:03:34 > 0:03:39and using all their means - money, weapons, policies
0:03:39 > 0:03:41and security services - to create problems for
0:03:41 > 0:03:44the Islamic Republic.
0:03:44 > 0:03:46It's not just Ayatollah Khamenei, the supreme leader,
0:03:46 > 0:03:49who's blaming foreigners.
0:03:49 > 0:03:51Mohammad Khatami, the former president, who's a reformist,
0:03:51 > 0:03:56says Iranians have the right to protest, but he blamed Iran's
0:03:56 > 0:04:00enemies, led by the United States, for inciting people to destroy
0:04:00 > 0:04:05public buildings and to insult religious values.
0:04:05 > 0:04:08President Obama, in 2009, was careful not to give the last big
0:04:08 > 0:04:13protest his backing.
0:04:13 > 0:04:15But President Trump has tweeted his support.
0:04:16 > 0:04:18The people of Iran, he declared, are finally acting
0:04:18 > 0:04:22against the brutal and corrupt Iranian regime.
0:04:23 > 0:04:26The Americans are encouraging the protests.
0:04:26 > 0:04:29But they deny they are behind them.
0:04:29 > 0:04:32We all know that is complete nonsense.
0:04:32 > 0:04:35The demonstrations are completely spontaneous.
0:04:35 > 0:04:38They are virtually in every city in Iran.
0:04:38 > 0:04:41This is the precise picture of a long oppressed people rising up
0:04:41 > 0:04:45against their dictators.
0:04:45 > 0:04:48The last big protests in Iran were in 2009, after a disputed
0:04:48 > 0:04:51presidential election.
0:04:52 > 0:04:55Back then, they were defeated by the power of the state,
0:04:55 > 0:04:58even though they were led by top politicians and faced a badly
0:04:58 > 0:05:01divided Islamist leadership.
0:05:06 > 0:05:08The new street level protests don't have national leaders
0:05:08 > 0:05:13and may run out of steam.
0:05:13 > 0:05:15This is not a new Iranian revolution, though it's clear that
0:05:15 > 0:05:17many Iranians are fed up with increasing poverty
0:05:17 > 0:05:20and years of repression.
0:05:20 > 0:05:25The fact the protests are happening at all is very significant for Iran,
0:05:25 > 0:05:27its allies and enemies in a chaotic part of the world.
0:05:27 > 0:05:37Jeremy Bowen, BBC News.
0:05:37 > 0:05:40Jeremy is here with me.
0:05:40 > 0:05:49How serious are these protests for the Iranians government?Very
0:05:49 > 0:05:53serious, you can see by the supreme leader's reaction that he is very
0:05:53 > 0:05:56concerned. Things are very fluid, it is unpredictable and chaotic in the
0:05:56 > 0:06:03wider region, so predictions are, in a way, a mug's game. At these
0:06:03 > 0:06:05protesters do not seem to be interested in the reform of the
0:06:05 > 0:06:09system, they want something new. That will scare quite a few
0:06:09 > 0:06:14Iranians. As well as that, they will draw down upon themselves, if this
0:06:14 > 0:06:20goes on, the coercive power of the state. They might simply run out of
0:06:20 > 0:06:26steam. In the wider region, if all feeds into the most dangerous at
0:06:26 > 0:06:31fault lines in the Middle East, the ones which have Iran and its allies
0:06:31 > 0:06:37on one side, and the US, Saudi Arabia and Israel on the other. Now,
0:06:37 > 0:06:41if there was three decide they want to up the pressure on Iran, because
0:06:41 > 0:06:49of the internal crisis going on, it could result in all kinds of
0:06:49 > 0:06:52unpredictable potential escalations. That is something which, again, is
0:06:52 > 0:06:56dangerous. Later this month, President Trump himself has a chance
0:06:56 > 0:07:00to reimpose sanctions on Iran which were suspended because of the
0:07:00 > 0:07:03nuclear agreement. Now, if he decides to do that, to try to do
0:07:03 > 0:07:06down an agreement which he has always said is completely worthless
0:07:06 > 0:07:12and useless, the real risk of war that existed in the region before
0:07:12 > 0:07:16the agreement was signed would come snapping back into sharp focus.
0:07:16 > 0:07:19Jeremy Bowen, thank you.
0:07:19 > 0:07:21Hospitals in England have been told to postpone tens of thousands
0:07:21 > 0:07:23of non-urgent surgery and outpatient appointments until
0:07:23 > 0:07:26the end of this month.
0:07:26 > 0:07:28NHS chiefs say it's to ease pressure on services
0:07:28 > 0:07:30after a busy Christmas period.
0:07:30 > 0:07:33It comes as some doctors have been speaking about the extremely
0:07:33 > 0:07:34difficult conditions at A&E.
0:07:34 > 0:07:38Our health editor Hugh Pym reports.
0:07:42 > 0:07:45There is always great pressure on the NHS in the New Year.
0:07:45 > 0:07:48Some patients have held off until after the seasonal holiday.
0:07:48 > 0:07:52But the strains seem even bigger this year.
0:07:52 > 0:07:55Two Ambulance Services in England, covering the north-east and east,
0:07:55 > 0:07:57are on the highest state of operational alert,
0:07:57 > 0:07:59asking families to use their own transport to bring patients
0:07:59 > 0:08:02into hospital for possible.
0:08:07 > 0:08:09Here in the north-east, they say they've prepared as much
0:08:09 > 0:08:10as they possibly could.
0:08:10 > 0:08:13It's unprecedented levels of demand that we're dealing with -
0:08:13 > 0:08:16you know, if I take just the period from the 23rd of December
0:08:16 > 0:08:18until the 1st of January, we've seen 30% more calls.
0:08:18 > 0:08:21Now, you know, we do plan for winter.
0:08:21 > 0:08:24We start planning in the summer, so we are predicting and forecasting
0:08:24 > 0:08:26activity from historic periods, but we didn't anticipate
0:08:26 > 0:08:28a 30% increase.
0:08:30 > 0:08:32The trust running Scarborough and York Hospital said
0:08:32 > 0:08:35there were high numbers of patients, and staff were under
0:08:35 > 0:08:38considerable pressure.
0:08:38 > 0:08:41One doctor said in his view it was unprecedented.
0:08:41 > 0:08:43I've worked in a number of different emergency
0:08:43 > 0:08:45departments around the country, and that's the worst I've seen.
0:08:45 > 0:08:49I just want to do a good job, I want to do the best I can
0:08:49 > 0:08:50for the patients that I'm seeing.
0:08:50 > 0:08:54I want to do the best I can, but I'm not being given the resources
0:08:54 > 0:08:56to do that job properly.
0:08:56 > 0:08:58I feel like I'm fighting a losing battle.
0:08:58 > 0:09:00I feel like I've already lost the battle, because
0:09:00 > 0:09:03I can't do any more.
0:09:03 > 0:09:06Twitter carried reports from some staff at other hospitals.
0:09:06 > 0:09:09An emergency doctor in Stoke said he personally apologised to local
0:09:09 > 0:09:11people for what he called Third World conditions
0:09:11 > 0:09:16due to overcrowding.
0:09:16 > 0:09:19NHS England has told hospitals to postpone all nonurgent operations
0:09:19 > 0:09:22and outpatient appointments til the end of January, an escalation
0:09:22 > 0:09:26of temporary measures announced just before Christmas.
0:09:26 > 0:09:28In that time hospitals won't be penalised for putting
0:09:28 > 0:09:33patients in mixed-sex wards.
0:09:33 > 0:09:35This is a planned response to a winter that we knew
0:09:35 > 0:09:38was going to be difficult, and we are managing that
0:09:38 > 0:09:43in the way that we expected, and we are taking early action.
0:09:43 > 0:09:45We're not waiting to have to respond to a problem.
0:09:45 > 0:09:47Have you got pain at the moment?
0:09:47 > 0:09:50The authorities in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland
0:09:50 > 0:09:52are saying they are facing higher demand from patients and more
0:09:52 > 0:09:55pressure on front line services.
0:09:55 > 0:09:58With flu cases on the increase, the worry now is that the predicted
0:09:58 > 0:10:00outbreak may become a reality.
0:10:05 > 0:10:08Of course, many hospitals are getting on with implementing plans
0:10:08 > 0:10:12drawn up for just this sort of winter scenario. They say while they
0:10:12 > 0:10:17are very busy, they are basically coping. I was at one such hospital
0:10:17 > 0:10:20earlier today and we are told repeatedly this is always the
0:10:20 > 0:10:29busiest time of the year. The question is, will be pressures ease
0:10:29 > 0:10:34up in the weeks ahead? The fact that energetic blend needs its hospitals
0:10:34 > 0:10:37focusing on just emergency care, even if it means nonurgent work,
0:10:37 > 0:10:42shows that there is concern that things could get worse before they
0:10:42 > 0:10:44get better.
0:10:44 > 0:10:46A man who killed two previous partners has today admitted
0:10:46 > 0:10:48to murdering a third.
0:10:48 > 0:10:50Theodore Johnson attacked Angela Best in north London a year
0:10:50 > 0:10:52ago after they broke up and she began a relationship
0:10:52 > 0:10:53with someone else.
0:10:53 > 0:10:56The Old Bailey heard he was an abusive and controlling man.
0:10:56 > 0:10:59He'll be sentenced on Friday.
0:10:59 > 0:11:02Train operators have been defending the biggest rise in rail
0:11:02 > 0:11:04fares for five years, insisting that it's necessary
0:11:04 > 0:11:13to address decades of under investment.
0:11:14 > 0:11:16Average ticket prices across the UK have gone up by 3.4%.
0:11:16 > 0:11:19Unions say commuters are being priced off the trains
0:11:19 > 0:11:21as the burden of paying for the system falls
0:11:21 > 0:11:22increasingly on passengers.
0:11:22 > 0:11:28Here's our transport correspondent Richard Westcott.
0:11:28 > 0:11:31This report contains flashing images.
0:11:31 > 0:11:33It's one of the most reliable things on the railway -
0:11:33 > 0:11:35every January, without fail, the fares go up.
0:11:35 > 0:11:42This year's rise is especially steep, the highest in five years.
0:11:42 > 0:11:44This is the busy commuter line, people coming in from Cambridgeshire
0:11:44 > 0:11:44and Hertfordshire into Londona and plenty of people on this train
0:11:47 > 0:11:49and Hertfordshire into London and plenty of people on this train
0:11:49 > 0:11:52are just a few pounds shy of the £5,000 club.
0:11:52 > 0:11:55£5,000 for an annual season ticket.
0:11:55 > 0:11:58That's gone up by about £600 in the last five years, the price
0:11:58 > 0:12:02rises have been relentless.
0:12:02 > 0:12:06Average fares across Britain go up by 3.4%.
0:12:06 > 0:12:11Season tickets, which are regulated by the Government, go up by 3.6%.
0:12:11 > 0:12:14It adds more than £140 to a ticket between Crewe and Preston.
0:12:14 > 0:12:18If you commute into London from Swindon, it's now
0:12:18 > 0:12:20£300 more expensive, and the Glasgow-Edinburgh
0:12:20 > 0:12:26commuter goes up by £136.
0:12:26 > 0:12:30Different parts of the country, but most people have similar gripes.
0:12:30 > 0:12:35It's pretty disgusting.
0:12:35 > 0:12:37Well, you're not even guaranteed a seat.
0:12:37 > 0:12:39So, I think it's wrong.
0:12:39 > 0:12:41I travel around Cardiff quite a lot using the train,
0:12:41 > 0:12:44I find that quite convenient, and I find it quite
0:12:44 > 0:12:45affordable to do that.
0:12:45 > 0:12:47It compares quite well with the bus and it compares
0:12:47 > 0:12:48quite well with driving.
0:12:48 > 0:12:50Better service, please, more trains and there'll be more
0:12:50 > 0:12:51people, wouldn't there?
0:12:51 > 0:12:53They'll get people off the roads then.
0:12:53 > 0:12:55This is where a lot of the money is going.
0:12:55 > 0:12:58London Bridge has just had a £1 billion makeover.
0:12:59 > 0:13:02And there's a whole new line snaking under the city, Crossrail,
0:13:02 > 0:13:07although critics argue too much is spent on London.
0:13:07 > 0:13:09The Government says it's investing record amounts
0:13:09 > 0:13:12to improve the trains, but it's also changing
0:13:12 > 0:13:14who foots the bill.
0:13:14 > 0:13:17A smaller proportion now comes from the taxpayer,
0:13:17 > 0:13:22which means more has to come from ticket sales.
0:13:22 > 0:13:24Well, for every £1 that a passenger pays in fares,
0:13:24 > 0:13:2897p goes directly into running and improving the railway.
0:13:28 > 0:13:31But also, with more people using the railway, that means
0:13:31 > 0:13:33we have more money to invest.
0:13:33 > 0:13:37Campaigners suggest people are being priced off the trains.
0:13:37 > 0:13:40This graph shows what's been happening to fares in recent years,
0:13:40 > 0:13:42and here's how it compares to the average pay packet.
0:13:42 > 0:13:46You can see how ticket prices often outstrip wages.
0:13:46 > 0:13:51Labour want to re-nationalise the network.
0:13:51 > 0:13:54If we can continue to make savings by bringing the railways back
0:13:54 > 0:13:57into public ownership, stop wasting money on franchising,
0:13:57 > 0:14:00stop wasting money on the complexity of the arrangements between all
0:14:00 > 0:14:03these different companies, and we don't pay out dividends
0:14:03 > 0:14:06to state-owned companies across the Channel.
0:14:06 > 0:14:08They've accused the Transport Secretary, Chris Grayling,
0:14:08 > 0:14:11of hiding away today.
0:14:11 > 0:14:15He's on an official visit to Qatar, a trip he's defended.
0:14:15 > 0:14:19And I make no apology for trying to help win jobs for Britain and I'm
0:14:19 > 0:14:21here because there is a major contract, multi-billion pound
0:14:21 > 0:14:27investment programme, taking place in the airport.
0:14:27 > 0:14:30I'm here to try and make sure that British firms win part of that,
0:14:30 > 0:14:32so we get jobs for Britain.
0:14:32 > 0:14:35Many people have little choice but to do this every day and little
0:14:35 > 0:14:36choice but to pay the higher fares.
0:14:36 > 0:14:38Richard Westcott, BBC News.
0:14:38 > 0:14:41Winds of up to 90 miles per hour are expected to hit parts
0:14:41 > 0:14:43of Northern Ireland and northern England tonight with
0:14:43 > 0:14:47the arrival of Storm Eleanor.
0:14:47 > 0:14:49So far the Atlantic coast of the Republic of Ireland
0:14:49 > 0:14:51has taken the brunt, with serious flooding
0:14:51 > 0:14:52in the city of Galway.
0:14:52 > 0:14:54As the storm moves eastwards, there'll be high winds
0:14:54 > 0:14:56across much of England, Wales and Northern
0:14:56 > 0:15:04Ireland overnight.
0:15:04 > 0:15:0613 monkeys have been killed in a fire at Woburn Safari
0:15:06 > 0:15:09Park in Bedfordshire.
0:15:09 > 0:15:12The blaze in one of the enclosures was spotted by security guards
0:15:12 > 0:15:14during a routine patrol, but despite efforts to rescue
0:15:14 > 0:15:16the animals, none could be saved.
0:15:16 > 0:15:18The safari park's manager says it may have been caused
0:15:18 > 0:15:22by a faulty generator.
0:15:22 > 0:15:24Britain's recycling system is about to be put
0:15:24 > 0:15:27under severe pressure.
0:15:27 > 0:15:30Until now, almost half of what we recycle every year has
0:15:30 > 0:15:33been sent to China to be dealt with there.
0:15:33 > 0:15:36But yesterday, China introduced a ban on recycling many types
0:15:36 > 0:15:39of plastic wastes from abroad to try to reduce pollution.
0:15:39 > 0:15:42So what will happen now to all the plastic we throw away?
0:15:42 > 0:15:45Our science editor, David Shukman, reports.
0:15:45 > 0:15:51Ever wondered what happens to our recycling?
0:15:51 > 0:15:54Well, great streams of it are sorted in giant centres like this one
0:15:54 > 0:15:56in south-east London.
0:15:56 > 0:15:59The tins are extracted by magnet and are sold to food
0:15:59 > 0:16:03and drink manufacturers.
0:16:03 > 0:16:05A vigorous shake separates bottles from paper and cardboard,
0:16:05 > 0:16:07they're also in demand.
0:16:07 > 0:16:09The machines then try to pick out the plastic.
0:16:09 > 0:16:15The bags make this much harder.
0:16:15 > 0:16:18But if all this can be sorted, it can be sold on and the biggest
0:16:18 > 0:16:21market has been China, until now.
0:16:21 > 0:16:25This is the tip of the iceberg of what we all send off for recycling.
0:16:25 > 0:16:28What the Chinese have done is said that they're no longer
0:16:28 > 0:16:31going to accept anything that's difficult to handle.
0:16:31 > 0:16:34So, anything that's dirty or this kind of thin plastic
0:16:34 > 0:16:36that's hard to recycle.
0:16:36 > 0:16:39In fact, a mix of different types of plastic.
0:16:39 > 0:16:49This has sent shock waves through the recycling industry.
0:16:49 > 0:16:51Already huge bundles of recycling turned down by China
0:16:51 > 0:16:53are piling up in Hong Kong, and mountains of unwanted plastic
0:16:53 > 0:16:55waste may build up in Britain.
0:16:55 > 0:16:57I think it's a game change for the UK.
0:16:57 > 0:17:00I think for the last two decades, at least, all our collection systems
0:17:00 > 0:17:03have been geared up to having the Chinese market.
0:17:03 > 0:17:06China take virtually half of everything that we produce
0:17:06 > 0:17:10in terms of paper and plastics in the UK.
0:17:10 > 0:17:13So what'll happen?
0:17:13 > 0:17:16Well, there's now a rush to try to sell the stuff to India
0:17:16 > 0:17:18and other countries, but there's a limit
0:17:18 > 0:17:20to what they'll take.
0:17:20 > 0:17:23Another option is to burn the plastic here.
0:17:23 > 0:17:25Most incinerators generate electricity, so this
0:17:25 > 0:17:28wouldn't be a total waste.
0:17:28 > 0:17:31But the greenest solution is to turn plastic into the raw material
0:17:31 > 0:17:33to make new plastic objects, like milk containers,
0:17:33 > 0:17:37and we may see more of this.
0:17:37 > 0:17:41We've made incredible progress in terms of recycling in this
0:17:41 > 0:17:45country, but we're stalling now and the Chinese ban to import bad
0:17:45 > 0:17:48quality may be a great incentive and the best chance ever
0:17:48 > 0:17:52for this country.
0:17:52 > 0:17:55It takes a human eye to pick out what the machines miss.
0:17:55 > 0:17:57Householders are often confused.
0:17:57 > 0:18:00Most thin plastic film can't be used again.
0:18:00 > 0:18:02Different councils have their own rules and few products are designed
0:18:02 > 0:18:08with recycling in mind.
0:18:08 > 0:18:11There is now pressure for all that to change, and China's ban may
0:18:11 > 0:18:12actually encourage that.
0:18:12 > 0:18:21David Shukman, BBC News.
0:18:21 > 0:18:24Police investigating the death of a woman in North London over
0:18:24 > 0:18:27the Christmas period have charged a 31 year old man with murder.
0:18:27 > 0:18:37Kasim Lewis will appear in court tomorrow.
0:18:39 > 0:18:43The body of juliana Tudo, who was 22 and worked in a pub,
0:18:43 > 0:18:44was discovered in Finsbury Park last Wednesday.
0:18:44 > 0:18:46She had disappeared while walking home in north
0:18:46 > 0:18:56London on Christmas Eve.
0:18:56 > 0:18:58The former England footballer, Trevor Sinclair, has admitted
0:18:58 > 0:19:05racially abusing a policeman who'd arrested him for drink-driving.
0:19:05 > 0:19:11Sinclair - here in the grey suit -
0:19:11 > 0:19:13was sentenced to 150 hours' community service
0:19:13 > 0:19:14at Blackpool Magistrates Court.
0:19:14 > 0:19:16He's been banned from driving for 20 months.
0:19:16 > 0:19:18Scientists in Oxford have developed a system which can
0:19:18 > 0:19:20diagnose some diseases more accurately than doctors.
0:19:20 > 0:19:22It uses Artificial Intelligence to analyse scans and in clinical
0:19:22 > 0:19:24trials it outperformed human specialists for lung cancer
0:19:24 > 0:19:25and coronary heart disease.
0:19:25 > 0:19:27The technique could save the NHS billions of pounds
0:19:27 > 0:19:28through early diagnosis.
0:19:28 > 0:19:30Here's our science correspondent, Pallab Ghosh.
0:19:30 > 0:19:33Scans are modern medical miracles, but they still need a doctor to make
0:19:33 > 0:19:34a diagnosis, until now.
0:19:34 > 0:19:36Scientists have developed artificial intelligence, or AI systems,
0:19:36 > 0:19:38to do the job better than the best doctors.
0:19:38 > 0:19:41The Government's health care tsar says that AI systems are set
0:19:41 > 0:19:42to revolutionise medicine.
0:19:42 > 0:19:4520 years from now, health care will have AI embedded in a whole
0:19:45 > 0:19:48variety of different levels and much of the health care system will be
0:19:48 > 0:19:51enabled by smart systems that help you identify people at risk,
0:19:51 > 0:19:52diagnose disease earlier, diagnose disease more precisely
0:19:52 > 0:19:54and identify who will benefit from what interventions.
0:19:54 > 0:19:58It changes the whole way the paradigm operates.
0:19:58 > 0:20:04This is Ultromics, the world's first cyber cardiologist.
0:20:04 > 0:20:08Developed at the John Radcliffe Hospital in Oxford,
0:20:08 > 0:20:11it's an AI system that can analyse heart scans.
0:20:11 > 0:20:17Here, Ultromics has identified areas of heart disease, shown in red.
0:20:17 > 0:20:22It then gives a recommendation - positive, which means that it
0:20:22 > 0:20:23believes there's a risk of the patient having
0:20:23 > 0:20:28a heart attack.
0:20:28 > 0:20:31Doctors get one in five of their diagnoses wrong,
0:20:31 > 0:20:34the artificial intelligence system does much better.
0:20:34 > 0:20:38So how much could hospitals save using the new system?
0:20:38 > 0:20:4112,000 heart scans alone are misdiagnosed each year,
0:20:41 > 0:20:45that costs the NHS £600 million.
0:20:45 > 0:20:48Because artificial intelligence is more accurate, it
0:20:48 > 0:20:50could save £300 million, and that's just the start.
0:20:50 > 0:20:56AI can be used to diagnose many other conditions.
0:20:56 > 0:20:58The software tells us the risk of it being cancerous.
0:20:58 > 0:21:05So we can just click on it and it tells us the risk is 14%.
0:21:05 > 0:21:07This system looks for early signs of lung cancer,
0:21:07 > 0:21:09it can rule out harmless cases several months earlier
0:21:09 > 0:21:11than human doctors.
0:21:11 > 0:21:15It can save the NHS money and patients a lot of anxiety.
0:21:15 > 0:21:21What we have developed is software that will help us decide
0:21:21 > 0:21:26whether the patient has a nodule that we need to follow up
0:21:26 > 0:21:29or is likely to be cancer or is one we don't need to follow up,
0:21:29 > 0:21:31and then we can discharge the patient.
0:21:31 > 0:21:34Britain leads the world in AI and the systems currently
0:21:34 > 0:21:36being developed will be available for free to NHS
0:21:36 > 0:21:37hospitals next summer.
0:21:37 > 0:21:42Pallab Ghosh, BBC News, Oxford.
0:21:42 > 0:21:46More than 7,000 extra grammar school places have been created
0:21:46 > 0:21:48in England since 2010, according to new
0:21:48 > 0:21:51analysis by the BBC.
0:21:51 > 0:21:58That's the equivalent to opening around 11 new grammar schools.
0:21:58 > 0:22:01In many areas, the schools have added the new places in areas
0:22:01 > 0:22:02where there's no demand for more.
0:22:02 > 0:22:04Our education editor, Branwen Jeffreys, reports.
0:22:04 > 0:22:08The Cotswolds, a landscape shaped by tradition,
0:22:08 > 0:22:14home to some of the oldest grammar schools in England, schools close
0:22:14 > 0:22:19to the village where Henry and Florence have grown up.
0:22:19 > 0:22:26They're both now at grammar schools after passing an academic test.
0:22:26 > 0:22:28Their mum, Ruth, is pleased more grammar school
0:22:28 > 0:22:29places have been created.
0:22:29 > 0:22:32It's a consumer society, so if parental demand is there,
0:22:32 > 0:22:36and there are children that want to go, and I do think
0:22:36 > 0:22:38it's harder for children to get good results,
0:22:38 > 0:22:40get to university and get a job.
0:22:40 > 0:22:42So anything we do to help them seems to me a no-brainer.
0:22:42 > 0:22:45Was their anxiety here about the number of grammar school
0:22:45 > 0:22:49places that were available?
0:22:49 > 0:22:56We are competing with children coming up from Swindon,
0:22:56 > 0:22:58and Wiltshire and Bristol, and some people are even relocating.
0:22:58 > 0:23:01You know, they're doing the test and then they're moving from another
0:23:01 > 0:23:02part of the country.
0:23:02 > 0:23:03Which is fair, I suppose.
0:23:03 > 0:23:06But another part of me thinks it's unfair, because it's five
0:23:06 > 0:23:07miles from where we live.
0:23:07 > 0:23:09Every grammar school in Gloucestershire has added more
0:23:09 > 0:23:11places, even though the number of 11-year-olds
0:23:11 > 0:23:12hasn't been going up.
0:23:12 > 0:23:14Grammar schools can expand because they're
0:23:14 > 0:23:19so popular with parents.
0:23:19 > 0:23:21After all, they only take the children who are already
0:23:21 > 0:23:25doing well at school.
0:23:25 > 0:23:28But that also means the larger they grow, the greater their effect
0:23:28 > 0:23:30on other neighbouring schools, and some fear that could
0:23:30 > 0:23:34reach a tipping point.
0:23:34 > 0:23:36In many parts of England, grammar school places have increased
0:23:36 > 0:23:40faster than pupil numbers.
0:23:40 > 0:23:43In 2010, there were just over 110,000 pupils aged
0:23:43 > 0:23:4811-15 in grammar schools.
0:23:48 > 0:23:51By 2017, that had reached 118,000, the equivalent of 11
0:23:51 > 0:23:55new grammar schools.
0:23:55 > 0:24:00This risks a knock on impact on other schools.
0:24:00 > 0:24:04Results are above average at this secondary in Warwickshire,
0:24:04 > 0:24:10but both the nearby grammar schools have added lots of extra places.
0:24:10 > 0:24:13With the places, they take a bigger share of local pupils and the cash
0:24:13 > 0:24:14that follows them through school.
0:24:14 > 0:24:17Over five years with a backfill, it would be, let's say,
0:24:17 > 0:24:21£600,000 that is brought in by adding an additional class.
0:24:21 > 0:24:25And that's a tension, regardless of what the school is.
0:24:25 > 0:24:29It may be selective, it may be non-selective.
0:24:29 > 0:24:32To offer enough subjects in their sixth form,
0:24:32 > 0:24:36they need enough cash and pupils coming through.
0:24:36 > 0:24:38But here, and other places where grammar schools are expanding,
0:24:38 > 0:24:39the competition is getting tougher.
0:24:39 > 0:24:49Branwen Jeffreys, BBC News.
0:24:55 > 0:25:02You can read more about that story, including
0:25:02 > 0:25:04in your area on our website, that's at bbc.co.uk/news/education.
0:25:04 > 0:25:06The Chinese government has set itself an extraordinary target,
0:25:06 > 0:25:09it says it will lift 43 million people out of extreme poverty
0:25:09 > 0:25:10in just three years.
0:25:10 > 0:25:13The country's President, Xi Jinping, says he recognises the pressing
0:25:13 > 0:25:15political need to close the gap between China's urban rich
0:25:15 > 0:25:17and some of its desperately poor rural communities.
0:25:17 > 0:25:19But some of the obstacles facing remote communities
0:25:19 > 0:25:21will be challenging.
0:25:21 > 0:25:24Our Beijing correspondent, John Sudworth, reports.
0:25:24 > 0:25:34It's best not to look down.
0:25:34 > 0:25:36Step-by-step and heavily laden, this is the only way
0:25:36 > 0:25:39to the village at the top.
0:25:39 > 0:25:42But the two-hour, 800-metre climb is easier and safer
0:25:42 > 0:25:49than it used to be.
0:25:49 > 0:25:52The old, home-made wooden ladder - still visible here and there -
0:25:52 > 0:26:00has been replaced with a spectacular series of steel ladders.
0:26:00 > 0:26:03Remote mountain communities like these, languishing so far
0:26:03 > 0:26:06behind China's big cities, now find themselves
0:26:06 > 0:26:11on the front line of a massive anti-poverty campaign.
0:26:11 > 0:26:14The improved access to this clifftop village has won praise from none
0:26:14 > 0:26:24other than China's President, Xi Jinping.
0:26:26 > 0:26:27But life here remains tough.
0:26:27 > 0:26:30While President Xi may be promising to lift 43 million people out
0:26:30 > 0:26:36of this kind of extreme poverty, not everyone's convinced.
0:26:36 > 0:26:40TRANSLATION:We have no income. We are poor.
0:26:40 > 0:26:44We grow corn and potatoes, nothing else.
0:26:44 > 0:26:47The government says that it wants to wipe out poverty in the next
0:26:47 > 0:26:49three years in China.
0:26:49 > 0:26:50Do you think it's possible?
0:26:50 > 0:26:52TRANSLATION:I don't really think so.
0:26:52 > 0:26:59China has a more radical solution, though.
0:26:59 > 0:27:04In the past 12 months alone, more than 3 million of China's
0:27:04 > 0:27:10poorest people have been relocated to new homes.
0:27:10 > 0:27:16A smiling President Xi looks down on the new schoolrooms.
0:27:16 > 0:27:19This family has now left its remote mountain village for good.
0:27:19 > 0:27:23You no longer have the open fire, you no longer live
0:27:23 > 0:27:28close to your animals.
0:27:28 > 0:27:31Do you miss those things, those traditions?
0:27:31 > 0:27:35TRANSLATION:We don't miss the old way of life
0:27:35 > 0:27:38or the unhygienic things, like having a pigsty
0:27:38 > 0:27:41right at the door.
0:27:41 > 0:27:43Meanwhile, the anti-poverty slogans are everywhere.
0:27:43 > 0:27:48Even the new ladder is a national news story.
0:27:48 > 0:27:53This is poverty as propaganda.
0:27:53 > 0:27:55It's an issue that's now dominating the domestic news agenda,
0:27:55 > 0:27:59and it's driven by the vision of just one man.
0:27:59 > 0:28:02President Xi Jinping knows that the continued
0:28:02 > 0:28:07existence of serious, widespread poverty represents
0:28:07 > 0:28:10a threat to the very legitimacy of a Communist Party that came
0:28:10 > 0:28:13to power promising to help communities like these,
0:28:13 > 0:28:17not leave them behind.
0:28:17 > 0:28:22Even if China can help all those living below
0:28:22 > 0:28:25the extreme poverty line, tens of millions more will be left
0:28:25 > 0:28:29languishing just above it.
0:28:29 > 0:28:32But while there are many challenges, no one can doubt the sheer scale
0:28:32 > 0:28:34of China's ambition.
0:28:34 > 0:28:44John Sudworth, BBC News, Sichuan Province.
0:28:44 > 0:28:47This time last year he was working as an electrician, but last night
0:28:47 > 0:28:49Rob Cross caused a sensation in the world of darts
0:28:49 > 0:28:51when he was crowned world champion.
0:28:51 > 0:28:53The 27-year-old beat the 16-time winner Phil Taylor to the title
0:28:53 > 0:28:55at Alexandra Palace, as well as pocketing
0:28:55 > 0:29:03£400,000 in prize money.
0:29:03 > 0:29:05Rob Cross - the first debutant to become world
0:29:05 > 0:29:08champion in 10 years - says he still can't quite
0:29:08 > 0:29:09take in what's happened.
0:29:09 > 0:29:10Natalie Pirks reports.
0:29:10 > 0:29:13This time last year, he was watching the final on TV.
0:29:13 > 0:29:14COMMENTATOR:Rob Cross!
0:29:14 > 0:29:17When Rob Cross sealed victory, it was clear this wouldn't
0:29:17 > 0:29:20sink in for a while.
0:29:20 > 0:29:23He'd not only become £400,000 richer, he'd beaten the greatest
0:29:23 > 0:29:26darts player of all time to be crowned world champion.
0:29:26 > 0:29:29Even today, he was struggling with the magnitude of his win.
0:29:29 > 0:29:30It all feels very surreal.
0:29:30 > 0:29:34It's like I need to pinch myself or something,
0:29:34 > 0:29:38because I couldn't have wrote my year any better, really.
0:29:38 > 0:29:41It's been a bit like a fairy tale.
0:29:41 > 0:29:44You might not associate the game of darts with fairy tales,
0:29:44 > 0:29:49yet Cross was an unknown electrician until the start of 2017.
0:29:49 > 0:29:53Last year, his winnings included £7 picked up in a pub tournament.
0:29:53 > 0:29:58The rise from anonymity to acclaim has been dizzying.
0:29:58 > 0:30:00I would say that anyone what believes they can play the game
0:30:00 > 0:30:06and sort of aspires to it, then go and have a go
0:30:06 > 0:30:08because you never know what's going to happen.
0:30:08 > 0:30:10If you thought darts was just a pub game,
0:30:10 > 0:30:13you might be shocked to hear what the future holds
0:30:13 > 0:30:14for a world champion.
0:30:14 > 0:30:19It's difficult to put a number on it.
0:30:19 > 0:30:23I would think the value of winning the World Championships in today's
0:30:23 > 0:30:25market would be a minimum of £5 million and possibly
0:30:25 > 0:30:28£10 million or possibly more.
0:30:28 > 0:30:32No one can take away that he's won the World Darts Championships,
0:30:32 > 0:30:34and that has ramifications financially which will
0:30:34 > 0:30:37safeguard him and his family for the rest of their life.
0:30:37 > 0:30:39And he has potentially decades left in the sport,
0:30:39 > 0:30:42unlike his opponent.
0:30:42 > 0:30:46Phil Taylor won his first of 16 world titles in 1990,
0:30:46 > 0:30:48the year Cross was born.
0:30:48 > 0:30:50Nicknamed 'The Power', last night was his last
0:30:50 > 0:30:53ever professional match.
0:30:53 > 0:30:55He will go down as the best the game has ever seen.
0:30:55 > 0:30:58You're never going to see another Phil Taylor in any
0:30:58 > 0:30:59sport, I don't believe.
0:30:59 > 0:31:01I don't think someone can dominate their sport
0:31:01 > 0:31:04for that amount of time.
0:31:04 > 0:31:07So it's probably the coming of me but, at the same time,
0:31:07 > 0:31:09we were saying farewell to a legend.
0:31:09 > 0:31:12To shout in his face at the end and do all that,
0:31:12 > 0:31:13I wasn't willing to do that.
0:31:13 > 0:31:23I've got too much respect for him in that way.
0:31:23 > 0:31:25Cross now has set his sights on becoming world number one.
0:31:25 > 0:31:28When your year starts as well as this, anything is possible.