:00:17. > :00:23.After more than 40 years Britain has voted decisively to end its
:00:24. > :00:28.membership of the European Union. David Cameron announced he would
:00:29. > :00:33.stand down from the premiership. Boris Johnson who campaigned for a
:00:34. > :00:37.Leave vote said the UK now had a glorious opportunity to pass it on
:00:38. > :00:42.laws, set its own taxes, and find its voice in the world. Senior
:00:43. > :00:46.figures in the European Union have cold on Britain to act on the
:00:47. > :00:50.Portsmouth break and leave as soon as possible. Let us look at the
:00:51. > :00:55.final results. Leave secured effectively by more than 1 million
:00:56. > :01:00.votes. 17.4 million people voted for the UK to leave the EU. That
:01:01. > :01:05.compares with 16.1 million people who wanted to remain. More than 72%
:01:06. > :01:09.of those who were eligible to vote that saw. In England is more than 15
:01:10. > :01:17.million people voted for the UK to leave the EU. In Scotland every
:01:18. > :01:28.voting area came out in favour of remain. And Wales Leave one more
:01:29. > :01:34.than 52% of the vote and secured. Northern Ireland which sheers a land
:01:35. > :01:44.border with the European Union backed Remain.
:01:45. > :01:49.The alias. We will start with the Conservatives and their problems.
:01:50. > :01:54.The problem of Europe has helped bring down Margaret Thatcher, John
:01:55. > :02:00.Major, and now a summer fete for David Cameron. How is the party
:02:01. > :02:08.going to be able to come back from this? -- a similar outcome for David
:02:09. > :02:12.Cameron. The point of calling a referendum in
:02:13. > :02:20.the first place was to dry to heal those divisions. Many people have
:02:21. > :02:30.said that Tory your sceptic MPs would not take yes for an answer.
:02:31. > :02:41.Getting the party back together, a massive challenge. One said they
:02:42. > :02:56.were furious that immigration had been dart trying to give a different
:02:57. > :03:07.vision of Britain outside the EU from the vision of Nigel Farage.
:03:08. > :03:15.Let us talk to our correspondent in Paris. And our correspondent in
:03:16. > :03:23.Bellin. We will go to Paris first. Take as through the suggestion from
:03:24. > :03:35.some in France that the border deal that the UK has at Calais might now
:03:36. > :03:41.come to an end as a result of this? The French President said a couple
:03:42. > :03:44.of months ago that there might be repercussions to the border
:03:45. > :03:50.arrangement at Calais and it is something that will be high on the
:03:51. > :03:57.agenda in the weeks ahead. A very sensitive topic. The arrangement as
:03:58. > :04:02.it stands as there are British Border Controls in France which
:04:03. > :04:07.means that migrants trying to get to Britain are in France. The
:04:08. > :04:12.suggestion is that mate end and the French might say, we do not want
:04:13. > :04:17.this anymore, you can control them on your side of the border, which
:04:18. > :04:21.would mean that when these people are not allowed in but given
:04:22. > :04:27.temporary asylum, they would remain in Britain, become a British
:04:28. > :04:34.problem. This is a bilateral Agreement, not part of the EU, the
:04:35. > :04:37.possibility of cross Border Controls between Britain and France.
:04:38. > :04:40.Technically there is no reason why this should change. That said it is
:04:41. > :04:44.hard to rule out the possibility that the French will not be made to
:04:45. > :04:50.look kindly on this arrangement in the longer term and they are not in
:04:51. > :04:55.any mood right now to do the British any favours. There will be pressure
:04:56. > :05:00.also from local authorities and Calais to change the system because
:05:01. > :05:04.they are fed up with the entire thing. So this is something which
:05:05. > :05:08.will be opened up. I am not saying it will change any time soon but it
:05:09. > :05:18.is one of the many sensitive issues that are on the agenda.
:05:19. > :05:23.And the French leader has said that to move forward unit cannot act as
:05:24. > :05:35.it has before. What did he mean by that? All the European leaders have
:05:36. > :05:45.too short that they have got the message. What they cannot do is
:05:46. > :05:49.blame the tabloid press for whipping up propaganda. You hear a lot of
:05:50. > :05:53.that, if only people had proper coverage. They recognise in
:05:54. > :05:58.Government that would be an appalling reaction. There does need
:05:59. > :06:02.to be some kind of acceptance that Europe is not functioning and that
:06:03. > :06:07.played some part in the British vote. But how to draw conclusions
:06:08. > :06:11.from that is a different matter. The instinct is always to say we need
:06:12. > :06:16.more of Europe, we need to deepen, integrate more, sure that we have
:06:17. > :06:20.understood, but how many times have we heard that refrain? So many
:06:21. > :06:24.times. I feared that the refrain will be repeated once again because
:06:25. > :06:29.there is no Agreement on what any next step could be to reassure the
:06:30. > :06:33.European peoples and to end this just towards populace and the
:06:34. > :06:42.resurgence of the nation state, which the British vote is a
:06:43. > :06:49.manifestation of. The presidents of the European Council, Commission and
:06:50. > :06:57.European Parliament have all said any delay will and necessarily along
:06:58. > :07:00.uncertainty and delay in the UK triggering article 50 and beginning
:07:01. > :07:09.the process of leaving the European Union. Is this view sheared in there
:07:10. > :07:15.then and by Angela Merkel? Yes. What we are seeing this crisis
:07:16. > :07:20.meeting after crisis meeting trying to solve this problem because this
:07:21. > :07:23.took Germany by surprise. Everybody was expecting a Remain vote.
:07:24. > :07:29.Tomorrow we will have foreign ministers arriving for a crisis
:07:30. > :07:34.meeting. On Monday Italian and French prime ministers will meet
:07:35. > :07:39.Angela Merkel. This is Angela Merkel's attempts to short that she
:07:40. > :07:50.wants to reinvigorate the entire European project but the big
:07:51. > :07:52.question is how lenient or how tough will Berlin get regarding a new
:07:53. > :07:58.trade deal because Germany is the largest economy in Europe and what's
:07:59. > :08:04.Germany says will be imported. What we learned during a referendum
:08:05. > :08:10.campaign from Leave campaigners as that Germany will be lenient. Pars
:08:11. > :08:14.what we heard. But what we are hearing now is the story could be
:08:15. > :08:19.different because businesses are seeing that in actual fact they are
:08:20. > :08:23.more worried about contagion, the domino effect, the rest of the EU
:08:24. > :08:27.breaking up and other countries picking away from the European Union
:08:28. > :08:31.than they are about losing some of the British market. Saw a lot of
:08:32. > :08:35.business leaders and the Government here in Berlin are looking at the
:08:36. > :08:41.bigger picture and the main aim now is to keep the remaining 27 States
:08:42. > :08:43.in the European Union together. The UK is no longer in. Voters out as
:08:44. > :08:59.politicians kept on saying today.
:09:00. > :09:01.So the possibility of contagion will force a hard line. Does that also
:09:02. > :09:04.mean there is no possibility of a renegotiation of the kind of deal
:09:05. > :09:08.that David Cameron was trying to get if you months ago? ? We heard in a
:09:09. > :09:13.last few weeks there would be no renegotiation.
:09:14. > :09:21.OK, we seem to have lost the line from Berlin. Our correspondent
:09:22. > :09:29.giving us the latest update on Europe's reaction. Financial markets
:09:30. > :09:36.were shocked. The pound Phil to levels not seen since 1985. At one
:09:37. > :09:42.stage it fell by more than 10%. By early afternoon at a partially
:09:43. > :09:46.recovered but was still 8% down. Our correspondent is that the Bank of
:09:47. > :09:50.England. The markets have steadied a little.
:09:51. > :09:55.Yes, they have steadied a little bits. After the comments by the
:09:56. > :09:58.Governor Mark Carney in the building behind me that caused some
:09:59. > :10:09.steadying, but it is interesting, the comments from our correspondent
:10:10. > :10:15.in Berlin, the DAX is down 7% in Frankfurt. That shows the impact
:10:16. > :10:21.that this will have on things like a German exports according to
:10:22. > :10:25.investors. The big story is sterling and what happened today. It is down
:10:26. > :10:29.8% over the course of the day. That is the worst outcome we have seen
:10:30. > :10:33.against the dollar for 31 years although it stood steady a little
:10:34. > :10:37.bit. In terms of the polity decisions that we see over the
:10:38. > :10:41.coming days and months that will depend on the magnitude of the
:10:42. > :10:46.changes and the volatility in the sterling that we see. I have been
:10:47. > :10:52.speaking to some fund managers in the City of London and they have
:10:53. > :10:57.been talking about a rate cut, a reintroduction of quantitative
:10:58. > :11:04.easing as a policy response to what we have heard today.
:11:05. > :11:09.What does all this mean for the money in our pockets? Let us talk to
:11:10. > :11:16.Paul Lewis. Good to see you. The following currency, what is the
:11:17. > :11:20.immediate impact on ordinary people? If you are going abroad and you want
:11:21. > :11:24.to get your holiday money it will be more expensive. You will get less
:11:25. > :11:30.for your pound. I know there were people queueing up before the votes
:11:31. > :11:33.to try and get a better rate. But people going on holiday later in the
:11:34. > :11:38.year there is no point in beating because we just do not know what the
:11:39. > :11:41.currency is going to do so my general rule stands, friend you need
:11:42. > :11:46.currency by it, you cannot guess what the markets are going to do.
:11:47. > :11:49.But we are also hearing from the likes of the AEE that petrol and
:11:50. > :11:55.diesel prices could go up as a result of the crash in sterling. Yes
:11:56. > :11:59.because oil is priced in dollars so that would mean petrol would go up,
:12:00. > :12:05.fuel to heat your home would go up, if it's these at these levels, and
:12:06. > :12:10.imported goods would go up because sterling is worth less. When you buy
:12:11. > :12:15.goods from abroad is the cost will go up, the cost of raw materials
:12:16. > :12:17.will go up. That could push up inflation.
:12:18. > :12:23.We could see a rise in inflation. And that could have a knock-on
:12:24. > :12:28.effect on mortgages? Not directly. I have heard to conflicting views on
:12:29. > :12:32.mortgages today. Some say that mortgages would get cheaper and that
:12:33. > :12:37.new fixed rates at record low levels. On the other hand it could
:12:38. > :12:41.be that the banks are cautious about lending and to those levels might
:12:42. > :12:44.exist but you will have to have an absolutely squeaky clean credit
:12:45. > :12:49.records to get them. So although they might be there not everyone
:12:50. > :12:52.will get them. I am also hearing from a number of people that House
:12:53. > :12:58.prices will probably just downwards. People do not know how much, but
:12:59. > :13:01.demand is likely to be reduced because foreign buyers will be
:13:02. > :13:04.reduced. At the moment they will be waiting to see where the pound
:13:05. > :13:11.settles so they say her match they will get for their money.
:13:12. > :13:16.That could see House prices falling. The irony as House prices fall, but
:13:17. > :13:20.younger people in particular getting on the housing ladder might not be
:13:21. > :13:24.able to get the mortgage to take advantage of that? That is right but
:13:25. > :13:28.it may not help young people take the first step towards owning a home
:13:29. > :13:32.and that would be the tragedy from their point of view because people
:13:33. > :13:36.would see the value of their homes falling but it would not help
:13:37. > :13:40.anybody to take that first debt. At this same time you make see rent
:13:41. > :13:49.going up. Thank you.
:13:50. > :13:52.The vote has revealed a deeply divided United Kingdom with the
:13:53. > :14:01.majority of England and Wales voting to read in Scotland and London are
:14:02. > :14:06.voting to remain. One area, Dudley, more than two thirds of voters chose
:14:07. > :14:14.Brexit. It has been welcomed in the town today. We have done right. We
:14:15. > :14:20.needed out. Why did you thought out? I have got six kids. I am born and
:14:21. > :14:24.bred. I pay my taxes. I cannot get a home. Immigrants come in and get it
:14:25. > :14:32.handed to them on our plate. Brand-new home. It is not fair. I am
:14:33. > :14:40.glad. We needed it. I am fed up of being dictated to, it
:14:41. > :14:45.is time we took our own country back and have our own say. What was the
:14:46. > :14:53.biggest issue that struck a chord with you? Immigration. The country
:14:54. > :14:58.can only maintain so many people resources wise and everything. There
:14:59. > :15:05.will come a point where we will be that fool, so people will either
:15:06. > :15:11.have to go back home, or something will have two be done. That is the
:15:12. > :15:18.view from Dudley. That feeling of celebration was felt in many places
:15:19. > :15:26.across England. In Burnley one third of voters voted for Brexit 's.
:15:27. > :15:31.Speak to people in this town and they use words like celebration,
:15:32. > :15:35.time for a party, we have got our power back. This is a town sheets by
:15:36. > :15:42.immigration. Some of the most deprived parts of the country are in
:15:43. > :15:46.Burnley. Passions were running high here and nonetheless sought than in
:15:47. > :15:52.this hairdresser. Everybody here voted. How do you feel about 40 out?
:15:53. > :16:00.I voted out and I feel quite pleased about it although I did not expect
:16:01. > :16:06.it. What was it that drove you to vote out? I have never been a lover
:16:07. > :16:16.of the European Union. I feel that I need to be able to vote for an MP.
:16:17. > :16:20.They are an elected. NTPs are just the floor show and we are better off
:16:21. > :16:28.being run by our own people and they always have been. Further down, a
:16:29. > :16:38.very different feeling. What are your thoughts today? I am worried
:16:39. > :16:49.about the economy and jobs and that we will not get information.
:16:50. > :16:54.Information -- uncertainty? Yes. What were your emotions when you
:16:55. > :16:58.walk up this morning? I was shocked at first because I did not think we
:16:59. > :17:04.would actually be out but then we are very happy. I think we can take
:17:05. > :17:09.back our control and hopefully they will live up to what they have said
:17:10. > :17:12.they will do on the NHS and that is improve everything that we have got
:17:13. > :17:16.to do. Is that what you were thinking when you voted for Brexit,
:17:17. > :17:23.barely thinking of the NHS, immigration? Yes. I have a lot of
:17:24. > :17:32.dealings with the NHS. A member of my family will be there. It's makes
:17:33. > :17:37.a massive difference to me. I know what Nigel Farage said this morning,
:17:38. > :17:43.that they basically told a lie, but that has got to be better than what
:17:44. > :17:49.it is now. Thank you very much for speaking to us. The boat and clear
:17:50. > :17:54.message from the majority of people in Burnley, across East Lancashire
:17:55. > :17:59.as well. They are happy with the UK voting out of the European Union.
:18:00. > :18:03.The voting patterns have highlighted stark divisions across the UK. More
:18:04. > :18:08.than 62% of people in Scotland fought to stay in the EU, raising
:18:09. > :18:13.the prospect of Scotland being taken out of the European Union against
:18:14. > :18:16.its will. First Minister of Scotland Nicola Sturgeon said it was a
:18:17. > :18:22.statement of the obvious that the option of a second referendum was
:18:23. > :18:26.now on the table. The SNP manifesto that we were elected said, the
:18:27. > :18:29.Scottish Parliament should have the right to hold another referendum if
:18:30. > :18:37.there is a significant and material in circumstances from 2014, such as
:18:38. > :18:42.Scotland being taken out of the EU against our will. Scotland is now
:18:43. > :18:45.does face that prospect. It is a significant and material change in
:18:46. > :18:51.circumstances and it is a statement of the obvious that the prospect of
:18:52. > :18:57.a second referendum must be on the table, and it is on the table.
:18:58. > :19:00.Scotland's First Minister, Nicola Sturgeon.
:19:01. > :19:03.As the nation comes to terms with the decision to leave the EU
:19:04. > :19:11.questions had been asked about whether the vote exposed a
:19:12. > :19:19.generational device. -- generational divide. A survey suggested this.
:19:20. > :19:23.It is obvious that younger voters will have to live with the result of
:19:24. > :19:33.this referendum longer than the rest of us. I am joined by two generation
:19:34. > :19:40.2016 voters. One of you voted Remain, one of you voted Leave.
:19:41. > :19:46.I am not the most happy. I would hope that we would vote for a
:19:47. > :19:50.stronger Scotland and remain in Europe because the EU has great
:19:51. > :19:55.values of peace and unity and the principles it was founded on. Are
:19:56. > :20:00.you pleased and if so where can you see this country going? It is a
:20:01. > :20:05.double edged sword. I am incredibly happy that we got a Leave vote in
:20:06. > :20:11.England and Wales. I am disappointed that we did not get it in Scotland.
:20:12. > :20:18.The second referendum, as a Unionist that is concerning for me. I am
:20:19. > :20:25.hoping that the economic uncertainty is almost gone already. What do you
:20:26. > :20:29.make of the argument that Scotland is now being taken out of the
:20:30. > :20:35.European Union against its will? I disagree with that. 38% of Scots,
:20:36. > :20:39.over 1 million Scottish people voted to leave. A lot of people in
:20:40. > :20:44.working-class communities like Castlemilk in Glasgow, they really
:20:45. > :20:51.wanted to get out. 62% voted to stay. A lot of people voted to
:20:52. > :20:56.remain but there's an wise of Nicola Sturgeon, 30% of her membership
:20:57. > :21:04.voted to leave, to discredit those voices and say they do not matter.
:21:05. > :21:07.What do you make of the position now in Scotland? It is perhaps
:21:08. > :21:13.impossible in the sense of what you have said because you had to choose
:21:14. > :21:17.between perhaps being in the United Kingdom and being in the EU? At the
:21:18. > :21:21.moment I would rather be in the EU than in the UK just because of the
:21:22. > :21:27.nature of the campaign. It has been horrible. And the week that some of
:21:28. > :21:34.the different arguments on both sides, I am not discrediting either
:21:35. > :21:39.of them, but I just think that for the I would vote yes even though I
:21:40. > :21:44.see the pros and cons of seeing in the UK and they think the UK. In
:21:45. > :21:49.terms of referendums, are referendums could be of solving
:21:50. > :21:55.cortical differences, or is that not why re-elect parliaments anyway? In
:21:56. > :22:00.some places they can be helpful, but they cause massive division as we
:22:01. > :22:03.have seen. This one particularly and the Independence Referendum as well.
:22:04. > :22:07.In the Scottish Parliament elections recently that is all the kids talk
:22:08. > :22:14.about and a lot of the debates. What do you think of referendums as we of
:22:15. > :22:20.sorting things out? It is grateful stop it is direct democracy. In
:22:21. > :22:25.England 77% turnout compare to the lower turnout in the general
:22:26. > :22:31.election. In Scotland in East Renfrewshire it was 91% turnout.
:22:32. > :22:39.This is positive. On that happy and positive note, goodbye. And things
:22:40. > :22:44.will be developing in the next few days. We expect Nicola Sturgeon to
:22:45. > :22:50.convene a cabinet meeting tomorrow and she will address the Scottish
:22:51. > :22:55.Parliament on Tuesday. The result was relatively close. The
:22:56. > :22:59.turnout was high and regional and national variations were stark. Our
:23:00. > :23:01.correspondent has been taking a closer look at the breakdown of the
:23:02. > :23:06.votes. Let us take an in-depth look at some
:23:07. > :23:18.of these final numbers. This is the final result. 51.9% for a Leave,
:23:19. > :23:23.48.1% Remain. 46.5 million, the entire electorate, the turnout
:23:24. > :23:28.72.2%, the biggest turnout in a national vote since 1992. They
:23:29. > :23:36.thought a bigger turnout would be good news for Remain, that's not in
:23:37. > :23:44.England. In England, 53% Leave, 46% remain. Different story in Scotland.
:23:45. > :23:48.All counts going for remain, lower turnout, but overwhelmingly
:23:49. > :23:53.pro-remain. In Edinburgh it was 74% in favour. Another different story
:23:54. > :23:58.in Wales. It turned out that only five of the 22 voting districts
:23:59. > :24:04.going for Remain, and that is almost the same result as in England.
:24:05. > :24:09.Cardiff was Remain, Swansea was Leave. In Northern Ireland are
:24:10. > :24:16.sizeable vote for Remain on a lower than average turnout. Three out of
:24:17. > :24:23.four areas in Belfast where Remain. The bookmakers and the opinion polls
:24:24. > :24:28.all got it wrong. Look at this, all blue in several parts of England,
:24:29. > :24:36.the north, the north-west, key Labour Party supporting areas. All
:24:37. > :24:39.of them are going out. Boston in Lincolnshire, the highest water
:24:40. > :24:45.Leave in the country, not a Labour seat but a Tory one this time, and
:24:46. > :24:50.according to the 2011 census, home to the highest proportion of Eastern
:24:51. > :24:56.European migrants anywhere in England and Wales. Great Yarmouth,
:24:57. > :25:03.with a Ukip mayor, over 70% wanted out. We have shown the nation might
:25:04. > :25:08.split between England and Scotland, what about the generational divide?
:25:09. > :25:15.It is too are to give a definitive take, but one opinion poll yesterday
:25:16. > :25:20.said 27% of 18-25 -year-olds wanted to leave compared to 73% wanting to
:25:21. > :25:26.stay in Europe. And as voters get older that starts to swing the other
:25:27. > :25:36.way. For people over 65 research suggests that 40% wanted to stay in
:25:37. > :25:40.the EU, 60% wanted to leave. Our chief political correspondent is
:25:41. > :25:43.back. We talked about the Conservatives, let us talk about the
:25:44. > :25:47.Labour Party now and this attempt to get a vote of no-confidence in
:25:48. > :25:53.Jeremy Corbyn. Is that any chance that could get off the ground?
:25:54. > :25:58.What has happened is that Labour MPs have watched this unfold. They blame
:25:59. > :26:01.Jeremy Corbyn to some extent. They do not think he campaigned hard
:26:02. > :26:06.enough. They feel that this campaign has been a test of his leadership
:26:07. > :26:10.abilities and his skills and how we can connect with people and they
:26:11. > :26:13.think he has failed, some of them, not all of them. What has
:26:14. > :26:16.concentrated their minds is that they will get a new Conservative
:26:17. > :26:20.leader. We are early in this Parliament. It is likely that there
:26:21. > :26:25.could be another general election within a year. A lot of Labour MPs
:26:26. > :26:29.are thinking their seats could be in jeopardy, because do badly. That is
:26:30. > :26:34.what the review is, so this is driving a bit of a push. There will
:26:35. > :26:39.be this motion of no confidence which if it is accepted will then be
:26:40. > :26:46.a secret ballot on Tuesday, that in itself does not mean anything, it is
:26:47. > :26:49.indicative, but what might then follow as somebody may decide to
:26:50. > :26:53.challenge Jeremy Corbyn. It has been dismissed by the leadership who says
:26:54. > :26:58.he has the backing of the vast membership.
:26:59. > :27:01.50,000 people have already signed a petition of confidence in him by all
:27:02. > :27:08.accounts. On a wider picture, a divided nation, whoever ends up
:27:09. > :27:12.leading the Conservatives in October, Anderson is a general
:27:13. > :27:19.election, whoever wins that, has got to bring the country together. That
:27:20. > :27:22.is the striking thing, London, Scotland, but as far as the big
:27:23. > :27:27.districts are concerned, they all voted a different way. There is
:27:28. > :27:30.concern in the Tory party about a divided nation. A Tory Minister Lan
:27:31. > :27:33.Bassett a colleague about the bee that immigration was used in this
:27:34. > :27:39.debate. She thought it was offensive to people. She says the party is got
:27:40. > :27:42.to get back together over this but you think about today, we are going
:27:43. > :27:47.to leave the EU, it will change the way that we treat, how we travel,
:27:48. > :27:53.how we talk to the world. All that will unfold slowly over the next few
:27:54. > :27:57.months or years. We do not know yet what rule Britain will have, how it
:27:58. > :28:02.will look. Then there is David Cameron and his legacy. Not the
:28:03. > :28:06.legacy he wanted. Taking the country out of it EU, something he did not
:28:07. > :28:09.want. There is now the possibility of a second referendum in Scotland,
:28:10. > :28:11.Nicola Sturgeon making it clear it is highly likely there will be a
:28:12. > :28:19.second referendum. We are hearing that President Obama
:28:20. > :28:21.has been