:00:19. > :00:21.It's estimated that 6 million Jews were killed by the Nazis
:00:22. > :00:25.in the Holocaust with millions of others, many in concentration camps.
:00:26. > :00:31.To try and bring justice to the innocent civilians who died,
:00:32. > :00:35.on November the 20th, 1945, the Nuremberg War Trials began.
:00:36. > :00:37.71 years later, the prosecution of Nazi war criminals
:00:38. > :00:46.And now, virtual reality is playing a part in the process.
:00:47. > :00:48.Marc Cieslak travelled to Germany and Poland
:00:49. > :01:17.The town of Oswiecim in Poland is the sight of perhaps the most
:01:18. > :01:22.infamous of Nazi concentration camps, Auschwitz.
:01:23. > :01:28.Between May 1940 and the camp's liberation by the red Army
:01:29. > :01:32.Between May 1940 and the camp's liberation by the Red Army
:01:33. > :01:35.in January, 1945, 1.1 million people were killed here.
:01:36. > :01:48.Most gassed by a cyanide-based pesticide, Zyklon B.
:01:49. > :01:50.The Nuremberg Trials initially prosecuted 21 senior members
:01:51. > :01:54.of the Nazi regime for war crimes, including the crimes in the camps.
:01:55. > :01:56.But many of the perpetrators of these atrocities,
:01:57. > :01:59.SS officers and camp guards, remained at large and they are still
:02:00. > :02:06.being pursued by the authorities to this day.
:02:07. > :02:09.Here at the Bavarian State Criminal Office in Munich,
:02:10. > :02:12.they're working on new methods to assist with the prosecution
:02:13. > :02:17.of war crimes committed over 70 years ago.
:02:18. > :02:20.Ralf Breker is a digital imaging expert here.
:02:21. > :02:23.He works with technology like 3-D printed re-creations of gunshot
:02:24. > :02:30.wounds to assist in gathering evidence.
:02:31. > :02:32.His team has created a 3-D model of Auschwitz,
:02:33. > :02:36.which can be visited in virtual reality.
:02:37. > :02:39.So Ralf, how long did you spend at Auschwitz capturing the data
:02:40. > :02:46.TRANSLATION: We spent five days in Auschwitz.
:02:47. > :02:49.We took stock of the buildings that are still standing,
:02:50. > :02:55.Virtual reality is an incredibly powerful tool for immersing
:02:56. > :02:57.the viewer in the experience they are having.
:02:58. > :03:07.TRANSLATION: I think within five to ten years,
:03:08. > :03:10.virtual reality will become a standard tool for police,
:03:11. > :03:13.not just in Germany but all over the world.
:03:14. > :03:16.Because it's a way to make scenes of crime access a pull
:03:17. > :03:24.A version of the 3-D Auschwitz which doesn't use VR has already
:03:25. > :03:34.But why is this model necessary in the first place?
:03:35. > :03:37.To find out, I travelled to the town of Ludwigsburg near Stuttgart.
:03:38. > :03:40.The building we're just coming up to, for 200 years,
:03:41. > :03:44.And then in the 1960s, it took on a new role,
:03:45. > :03:46.it became the Central Office for the Investigation
:03:47. > :03:56.Essentially, the people that work here are Nazi hunters.
:03:57. > :03:58.A former criminal prosecutor, Yens Rommel, now heads
:03:59. > :04:05.Its files contain the names of thousands of possible suspects,
:04:06. > :04:07.along with a staggering number of documents relating
:04:08. > :04:18.What you find here is a paper database system, dealing really
:04:19. > :04:25.with index cards, explaining which person, which location,
:04:26. > :04:32.We have 1.7 million cards here, dealing alone with 700,000 persons.
:04:33. > :04:42.So how does this 3-D model, virtual reality model of Auschwitz
:04:43. > :04:52.When it comes to a specific line of defence, a defence strategy used
:04:53. > :04:59.in almost all cases, the defendant admits
:05:00. > :05:04.that he was exactly in Auschwitz, but generally he says I didn't know
:05:05. > :05:09.anything about what was going on in Auschwitz.
:05:10. > :05:18.It can help to understand what the person involved
:05:19. > :05:25.For examples, from a watchtower over the camp, or from the fence
:05:26. > :05:32.We saw a trial this year with Mr Hanning, an SS
:05:33. > :05:44.Former SS guard Reinhold Hanning was convicted of access three
:05:45. > :05:51.to 170,000 murders and sentenced to five years in prison.
:05:52. > :05:55.The judge in this case pointed out the 3-D model made it clear
:05:56. > :06:06.what he would have been able to see from his watchtower.
:06:07. > :06:09.We're going to go inside one of the watchtowers and see
:06:10. > :06:19.Using the virtual reality model of Auschwitz, I went
:06:20. > :06:22.inside a watchtower to see what the lines of sight were and see
:06:23. > :06:50.And you can see pretty much everything.
:06:51. > :06:53.The virtual reality model of Auschwitz was uncannily accurate,
:06:54. > :06:57.but there's one thing it can't recreate and that is the unusual
:06:58. > :06:59.atmosphere of this place, perhaps the most notorious of all
:07:00. > :07:37.A place where 1.1 million people were killed.
:07:38. > :07:41.Ever tried to learn a language but never quite got round to it
:07:42. > :07:43.or kept up the good work for long enough?
:07:44. > :07:46.Well, some of the latest apps and software could be just
:07:47. > :07:51.And in my quest to learn a little bit of Spanish, I've been
:07:52. > :07:59.And here at the University of Westminster, this
:08:00. > :08:05.Combining the ancient concept of the memory palace
:08:06. > :08:15.This visual way of organising information aims to help you learn,
:08:16. > :08:17.retain and recall things by picturing objects
:08:18. > :08:20.and creating your own connections to remember them.
:08:21. > :08:24.So why not do this with learning a language?
:08:25. > :08:27.This exercise teaches how to conjugate the verb 'hablar',
:08:28. > :08:37.The objects I'm seeing represent the ending,
:08:38. > :08:38.so the 'O' for ostrich is hablo,
:08:39. > :08:42.Hablan, so it's just a woman named Ann.
:08:43. > :08:43.Ann? Hablan?
:08:44. > :08:44.OK. Hablan, hablas, hablar.
:08:45. > :08:46.When engrossed in it, it's easy to memorise and then
:08:47. > :08:48.you've learned pattern are many of Spanish
:08:49. > :08:59.So now, if you actually take off the headset...
:09:00. > :09:03.So, how did I do once the headset was off?
:09:04. > :09:04.OK. Don't help me.
:09:05. > :09:10.OK, hablo, hablas, hablar, hablan. It is amazing because you do come
:09:11. > :09:19.away from the experience, and I think that's partly VR,
:09:20. > :09:22.you come away from the feeling I'm certainly visualising those
:09:23. > :09:28.things. But it's a very slow way to learn
:09:29. > :09:31.a language isn't it? People spend years trying
:09:32. > :09:34.to learn these endings. The most important thing,
:09:35. > :09:36.particularly as an adult learner, if you're looking to use
:09:37. > :09:39.a language at a high level, is to understand the structure
:09:40. > :09:42.and the grammar of the language. So those aren't actually,
:09:43. > :09:45.it's not that much in terms of content, but it complex content
:09:46. > :09:47.and it's all interrelated, The software's already
:09:48. > :09:54.been created in Arabic, French, German, Italian,
:09:55. > :09:56.Spanish and English. And after a few more tweaks,
:09:57. > :10:00.will be available in beta by the end Of course, apps coaching
:10:01. > :10:03.numerous languages have been But for the purpose of this piece,
:10:04. > :10:07.I've looked at the Spanish lessons Mucho gusto.
:10:08. > :10:18.Mucho gusto. Pursue pitches itself as a social
:10:19. > :10:21.network for language learning. Its 60 million worldwide users can
:10:22. > :10:24.communicate with and give or receive But the team behind the Memrise app
:10:25. > :10:30.have prioritised the importance of learning conversational
:10:31. > :10:34.language from locals, as well as giving the app
:10:35. > :10:37.a bit of character. They recently returned
:10:38. > :10:40.from a four-month road trip content for their Meet A Native
:10:41. > :10:45.feature. Having this added feature
:10:46. > :10:49.of a person actually talking to you in a conversational way,
:10:50. > :10:52.I think, does help. In a way, it just makes you feel
:10:53. > :10:56.that little bit more pleased with yourself that you've understood
:10:57. > :10:59.a real person talking in a language As well as having big gaming
:11:00. > :11:03.features and off-line mode similar to other apps, it also uses means
:11:04. > :11:08.to help with Word association. Like this Chinese
:11:09. > :11:16.symbol for the woman. Ultimately though, all apps take
:11:17. > :11:18.commitment and whilst the memory palace has clearly etched place
:11:19. > :11:21.in my mind now a week later, the only full sentence I think I've
:11:22. > :11:25.actually learnt is "Lo siento, translation - "Sorry I
:11:26. > :11:39.don't speak Spanish." That's it for the shortcut, click.
:11:40. > :11:42.Don't forget to follow us on Twitter through the week. Thanks for
:11:43. > :11:44.watching and see you soon.