0:00:00 > 0:00:10Before that, time for this week's Click.
0:00:29 > 0:00:34Just across the water from Hong Kong, on the Chinese
0:00:34 > 0:00:37mainland, lies a city at the heart of the country's technological
0:00:37 > 0:00:38revolution.
0:00:38 > 0:00:41Welcome back to Shenzhen.
0:00:42 > 0:00:47This is where stuff gets made.
0:00:47 > 0:00:49When you think of China's electronic scene, this might be
0:00:49 > 0:00:53what you think of.
0:00:53 > 0:00:58More than 70% of the world's mobile phones are manufactured in China.
0:00:58 > 0:01:01But all that industry is taking its toll on the city.
0:01:01 > 0:01:04As the buildings go up to accommodate the influx
0:01:04 > 0:01:07of businesses, the smog has come down to remind everyone of the price
0:01:07 > 0:01:10you pay for a rapidly expanding industrial economy.
0:01:12 > 0:01:15The middle-class here is also consuming more power,
0:01:16 > 0:01:22as well as demanding something else - good quality home-grown products.
0:01:22 > 0:01:24And Chinese brands are rising to the challenge, with names
0:01:25 > 0:01:28like ZTE, Xiaomi and Huawei even breaking out of China and becoming
0:01:28 > 0:01:36recognised and desired worldwide.
0:01:36 > 0:01:39One such brand is OnePlus.
0:01:39 > 0:01:42Now, despite only being four years old, it's already turned out
0:01:42 > 0:01:46a number of phones that have been compared favourably to the top end
0:01:46 > 0:01:51Samsungs and iPhones and this week it unveiled a brand-new handset,
0:01:51 > 0:01:56the 5T, with all the fanfare that a big phone launch gets these days.
0:01:56 > 0:01:59Are you all excited?
0:01:59 > 0:02:03The secrecy that surrounds these new phones' prelaunch is intense
0:02:03 > 0:02:07and, let's be honest, it's part of the hype.
0:02:07 > 0:02:11Look, it's another black rectangle!
0:02:11 > 0:02:14But as such it's really rare to get a look behind the scenes
0:02:14 > 0:02:18at the design, the manufacture and the launch of a new device.
0:02:18 > 0:02:21But in Shenzhen, two weeks before the unveiling,
0:02:21 > 0:02:23we were given exclusive access to the inner workings
0:02:23 > 0:02:27of the production line on the run-up to D-Day.
0:02:27 > 0:02:30Now I'm qualified to serve you pastries.
0:02:32 > 0:02:35They make loads of different types of phones in this factory,
0:02:35 > 0:02:38so to keep the 5T as secret from all the other workers,
0:02:38 > 0:02:40everything happens behind the blue shroud of secrecy.
0:02:40 > 0:02:41Are you ready?
0:02:41 > 0:02:44Thank you.
0:02:44 > 0:02:53Come in.
0:02:53 > 0:02:55Welcome to production line 27.
0:02:55 > 0:02:59The phone starts life as just a tiny camera there and then it's gradually
0:02:59 > 0:03:02assembled around this U shaped production line,
0:03:02 > 0:03:06which means by the time it gets to the end it's a fully featured
0:03:06 > 0:03:11phone, just about there.
0:03:11 > 0:03:15This is the reason China has come to dominate electronics manufacturing.
0:03:15 > 0:03:19A ready supply of a disciplined, relatively low-cost workforce.
0:03:19 > 0:03:22Each person here has one unique job which requires concentration,
0:03:22 > 0:03:29speed and precision.
0:03:29 > 0:03:32A single speck of dust caught in the camera lens and the finish
0:03:32 > 0:03:36phone will be rejected.
0:03:36 > 0:03:41What I found most surprising about this is it's all people.
0:03:41 > 0:03:44I would have thought with this kind of high precision job,
0:03:45 > 0:03:47these phones would have been built solely by machines,
0:03:47 > 0:03:48but it's pretty much all humans.
0:03:48 > 0:03:52Each line can produce more than 90 phones an hour.
0:03:52 > 0:04:01It's exhausting just watching this.
0:04:01 > 0:04:04Fortunately, the staff get a two-hour lunch break and also,
0:04:04 > 0:04:05suddenly at 3pm...
0:04:05 > 0:04:12BELL RINGS
0:04:12 > 0:04:15This might look weird, but having seen how intense this job
0:04:15 > 0:04:18is and how much concentration you need, this ten minute eye
0:04:18 > 0:04:23break is invaluable.
0:04:23 > 0:04:27I think if I was doing this job I'd just want ten minutes to get my head
0:04:27 > 0:04:30down and close my eyes and reset my brain too.
0:04:30 > 0:04:32Wow!
0:04:32 > 0:04:35Now, these people are bringing to life a design that has been
0:04:35 > 0:04:37anguished over, squeezed for efficiency and ultimately
0:04:37 > 0:04:41compromised to keep costs down.
0:04:42 > 0:04:46I'm meeting with one of the designers to get
0:04:46 > 0:04:49the inside track on how he's made this black rectangle ever
0:04:49 > 0:04:52so slightly different from all the others.
0:04:52 > 0:04:55For every new phone, you come up with lots of different
0:04:55 > 0:04:58designs, like this.
0:04:58 > 0:04:59200.
0:04:59 > 0:05:00Oh, my word!
0:05:00 > 0:05:03Do you think we've achieved peak design now?
0:05:03 > 0:05:07In the end, these are all physics.
0:05:07 > 0:05:09We are still making some choices, some sacrifices, in favour
0:05:09 > 0:05:12of the beauty of the exterior, still a little bit.
0:05:12 > 0:05:13Such as?
0:05:13 > 0:05:16Well, such as, actually the best place for this would be leaning
0:05:16 > 0:05:18directly on the corner.
0:05:18 > 0:05:21In our design, we have this angle here, so that doesn't allow us
0:05:21 > 0:05:27to put this directly here.
0:05:27 > 0:05:27If you could get rid of one part of the phone,
0:05:32 > 0:05:34Back at the factory, Simon would be horrified
0:05:34 > 0:05:36by what happens to his design.
0:05:36 > 0:05:39DRAMATIC SCREAMING
0:05:39 > 0:05:43This is where an unlucky few phones are pulled off the production line
0:05:43 > 0:05:47to check extreme tolerance.
0:05:47 > 0:05:49Elsewhere, other test phones escape that big plunge,
0:05:49 > 0:05:51but instead are dropped 5,000 times each.
0:05:51 > 0:05:54Others have their charging ports wiggled and buttons
0:05:54 > 0:05:56pressed 10,000 times.
0:05:56 > 0:05:59And then there's the tumble dryer.
0:06:00 > 0:06:03Only when about 70% of the sample phones start surviving this vigorous
0:06:03 > 0:06:08testing will a build be deemed successful.
0:06:08 > 0:06:12For me this is a fascinating look at how a phone is born and now that
0:06:12 > 0:06:16it's being launched this small preproduction line can expand,
0:06:16 > 0:06:26once the company has an indication of how many orders it will get.
0:06:26 > 0:06:27And that's the secret.
0:06:27 > 0:06:29Not to produce more than you can sell.
0:06:29 > 0:06:32So when OnePlus decided to take on the big brands,
0:06:32 > 0:06:36which can all afford to fail, it decided to sell its first phone
0:06:36 > 0:06:38by invitation only.
0:06:38 > 0:06:40What was the thinking behind that?
0:06:40 > 0:06:44'Cause I would have tried to make it as available as possible.
0:06:44 > 0:06:48So being a brand-new company and not making such a complicated product
0:06:48 > 0:06:50as a smartphone and being based here, we didn't really
0:06:50 > 0:06:53have the opportunity to test the product in all the countries
0:06:54 > 0:06:57where we sold it and adding to that we didn't know how many
0:06:57 > 0:06:58phones to make.
0:06:58 > 0:07:02If you end up having too many phones in your warehouse that you can't
0:07:02 > 0:07:03sell, it's over.
0:07:03 > 0:07:05With the launch over, OnePlus will nervously await
0:07:05 > 0:07:08the first reviews and, more importantly, the advance orders.
0:07:08 > 0:07:11And they will decide whether these people will be joined by hundreds
0:07:11 > 0:07:16more or not.
0:07:46 > 0:07:49The UK's anti-bullying week is now coming to an end,
0:07:49 > 0:07:51but behind closed doors, computer screens and even smart
0:07:51 > 0:07:54phones, the bullying that some encounter in the school playground
0:07:54 > 0:07:55still lives on after-hours.
0:07:55 > 0:07:58After I did come out, I then received online anonymous
0:07:58 > 0:08:00messages from an account set up to message me,
0:08:00 > 0:08:03telling me I should kill myself, because obviously they didn't agree
0:08:03 > 0:08:04with my sexuality.
0:08:04 > 0:08:06It destroyed me because not only was the bullying happening
0:08:07 > 0:08:09at school, it had followed me to my home.
0:08:09 > 0:08:12It followed me to my room, my safe space where I feel happy
0:08:13 > 0:08:20and I am myself, I suddenly couldn't be any more.
0:08:20 > 0:08:23Thomas moved schools and went on to become one of Facebook's
0:08:23 > 0:08:25anti-bullying ambassadors, a scheme funded by the social
0:08:25 > 0:08:27network to train up pupils to provide peer-to-peer support
0:08:27 > 0:08:33within secondary schools.
0:08:33 > 0:08:35It's really important to have someone there because it's someone
0:08:35 > 0:08:38they know they can come to as well.
0:08:38 > 0:08:39And with the ambassadors being their generation,
0:08:40 > 0:08:43children are more likely to come to us and know that they're
0:08:43 > 0:08:44there for them.
0:08:44 > 0:08:46Because we are their age, we have similar interests
0:08:46 > 0:08:55so they can come to us much easier.
0:08:55 > 0:08:57But with so many different places to communicate,
0:08:57 > 0:09:01the problem is hard to police, hard to monitor and hard to solve,
0:09:01 > 0:09:08as those at the frontline of dealing with cyber bullying attest.
0:09:08 > 0:09:11Our concern is just how awful the things are that people write.
0:09:11 > 0:09:14It's very sad, but we do regularly see those sorts of comments
0:09:14 > 0:09:16about "everybody hates you, go kill yourself".
0:09:16 > 0:09:19Those sorts of things, which I can't imagine would happen
0:09:19 > 0:09:24in a face-to-face environment.
0:09:24 > 0:09:27As the big and small players try to overcome the issue,
0:09:27 > 0:09:28one British company has big ambitions.
0:09:28 > 0:09:31They want to get their software on every single child's device
0:09:31 > 0:09:35before they use it for the first time.
0:09:35 > 0:09:37SafeToNet don't like to refer to their software as parental
0:09:38 > 0:09:40control because they feel that could put people off.
0:09:40 > 0:09:47Some of the functions, though, could be considered that.
0:09:47 > 0:09:50For example, monitoring the amount of time that your children
0:09:50 > 0:09:52are online and limiting that however you see fit.
0:09:52 > 0:09:56You can block devices and websites, but it also is planning on upping
0:09:56 > 0:10:00the game of what these sorts of products can do by adding a bit
0:10:00 > 0:10:01of artificial intelligence.
0:10:01 > 0:10:05By later this year, it's going to be aiming to track the behavioural
0:10:05 > 0:10:15changes, so they can pre-empt any bullying before it actually happens.
0:10:16 > 0:10:18It aims to understand context, providing triggered alerts
0:10:18 > 0:10:21for parents, rather than letting them actually spy.
0:10:21 > 0:10:24One of the ways that we identify when children are trending sad
0:10:24 > 0:10:26and maybe even depressed is they stop posting selfies
0:10:26 > 0:10:30of themselves because they've lost that self-confidence.
0:10:30 > 0:10:34So our software is designed to be able to pick up those trends
0:10:34 > 0:10:36and recognised, again, there's a change in behavioural patterns.
0:10:36 > 0:10:38So we are identifying cyber bullying, abuse,
0:10:38 > 0:10:46aggression, sextortion, grooming and other predatory risks.
0:10:46 > 0:10:49Great if it works, but of course it's all really
0:10:49 > 0:10:53about human behaviour.
0:10:53 > 0:10:56Culturally we obviously do have an issue that young people
0:10:56 > 0:10:58believe that you can behave this way online.
0:10:58 > 0:11:02We need to send a clear message, you don't, and I think it takes
0:11:02 > 0:11:04all of us to work together, educators, parents and tech
0:11:04 > 0:11:06companies, to make sure children understand that.
0:11:06 > 0:11:10So whilst none of the solutions may be foolproof, maybe these ideas
0:11:10 > 0:11:13together could make cyber bullying a lesser problem in the future
0:11:13 > 0:11:15than it is today.
0:11:21 > 0:11:25That is it for the shortcut of Click in China this week. The full-length
0:11:25 > 0:11:31version is on the iPlayer right now. I promise we will be back in this
0:11:31 > 0:11:34fascinating country very, very soon. In the meantime you can check us out
0:11:34 > 0:11:39on social media. Thank you for watching, and we will see you soon.