0:00:26 > 0:00:29School, it's changed a lot since I went through the education
0:00:29 > 0:00:35mangle all those many years ago.
0:00:35 > 0:00:38Many years ago.
0:00:38 > 0:00:41The school buildings may look the same but technology has been
0:00:41 > 0:00:45infusing education for quite a while now.
0:00:45 > 0:00:47We have smart whiteboards, we have increasing use
0:00:47 > 0:00:52of tablets and laptops.
0:00:52 > 0:00:54We have e-textbooks instead of textbooks, but also
0:00:54 > 0:00:57there are some systems which mean the way in which kids learn
0:00:57 > 0:01:02and are taught is changing completely.
0:01:02 > 0:01:05It seems many tech giants want to become part of education.
0:01:05 > 0:01:08After all, an early introduction to their brands may one day add up
0:01:08 > 0:01:13to a greater number of users.
0:01:13 > 0:01:15Microsoft this week launched its education offering
0:01:15 > 0:01:18which includes a new version of Windows called Windows S,
0:01:18 > 0:01:20a budget Surface Pro in various colours and some tweaks
0:01:20 > 0:01:24to its office applications.
0:01:24 > 0:01:27Apple's teaching tool Classroom had a face-lift last month and now
0:01:27 > 0:01:32offers more tools for teachers.
0:01:32 > 0:01:35But before both of these came Google Classroom.
0:01:35 > 0:01:38And today I'm finding more about it from Mr Lickfold,
0:01:38 > 0:01:42director of learning at Tring secondary school.
0:01:42 > 0:01:45They have been using this online system for the past 18 months
0:01:45 > 0:01:48to teach and monitor the students' progress.
0:01:48 > 0:01:51Today I'm learning about the Galapagos Islands and I have
0:01:51 > 0:01:54to say the lesson that Chris has constructed certainly looks more
0:01:54 > 0:01:59engaging than my old textbooks.
0:01:59 > 0:02:03But tech can do a lot more than just provide media rich lesson plans.
0:02:03 > 0:02:06We're able to personalise what we do far more than we have ever done
0:02:06 > 0:02:09before and take them to different resources that are available
0:02:09 > 0:02:10in the system.
0:02:10 > 0:02:12Every student's learning journey will be different.
0:02:12 > 0:02:15Taking teaching online also means teachers have a lot more access
0:02:15 > 0:02:17to children's individual learning data and even
0:02:17 > 0:02:18their thought processes.
0:02:18 > 0:02:21For example, this browser extension Draftback lets the teacher watch how
0:02:21 > 0:02:25an essay was written and refined.
0:02:26 > 0:02:28If I've got a student who in preparation for their exams
0:02:29 > 0:02:31is not constructing their paragraphs correctly, I can say,
0:02:31 > 0:02:33"OK, let's look at how you constructed your particular
0:02:33 > 0:02:40paragraph.
0:02:40 > 0:02:41What did you do?
0:02:41 > 0:02:42Where did you develop it?
0:02:43 > 0:02:44What can you do differently?"
0:02:44 > 0:02:47If it's maybe two or three paragraphs and they spent so long
0:02:47 > 0:02:50on the first one then I can also just say,
0:02:50 > 0:02:53"Look, this is how long you spent on this first document,
0:02:53 > 0:02:54it's like half an hour.
0:02:54 > 0:02:57You only spent five minutes on the second and third one."
0:02:57 > 0:02:59The kids also seem to like the learning experience.
0:02:59 > 0:03:04Lots of time there will be teachers at home and we can still do work
0:03:04 > 0:03:07at home and teachers can still be there and they can see actually see
0:03:07 > 0:03:09how much we've actually done.
0:03:09 > 0:03:12If your teacher does not believe that you have spent the amount
0:03:12 > 0:03:16of time required on the homework, then you can say, "Actually I did
0:03:16 > 0:03:17because look at the edit history."
0:03:17 > 0:03:21It's so much quicker than handing in work waiting until another lesson
0:03:21 > 0:03:25to get it back whereas now you can just hand it in and in 20 minutes
0:03:25 > 0:03:26you can have it back.
0:03:26 > 0:03:30Using online tools and data is one way to enhance learning in schools,
0:03:30 > 0:03:33but Lara Lewington has been looking at other tech that promises
0:03:33 > 0:03:34to change how children learn completely.
0:03:34 > 0:03:37VR, robots, holograms, it wasn't like this in my day.
0:03:37 > 0:03:42I am robot.
0:03:42 > 0:03:45At the BET Education Show earlier this year we saw some
0:03:45 > 0:03:48of the most cutting edge ideas heading to the classroom soon.
0:03:48 > 0:03:52Over the past few months I've seen quite a few devices that bring
0:03:52 > 0:03:55together the idea of kids coding and toys aiming to make
0:03:55 > 0:04:00the activity more fun.
0:04:00 > 0:04:03But good old Lego here have gone a step further.
0:04:03 > 0:04:06They are trying to recreate real life situations where robots
0:04:06 > 0:04:09would be used so that children can find problems and then find
0:04:09 > 0:04:13the solution and the mission we have here is for a space robot
0:04:13 > 0:04:16which needs to move around the space base collecting these theses
0:04:16 > 0:04:19all together and taking them back to one place.
0:04:19 > 0:04:21But obviously the coding should do that bit.
0:04:21 > 0:04:25Using the drag and drop blocks to create sequences that carry out
0:04:25 > 0:04:28actions is just part of the learning process as science is being taught
0:04:28 > 0:04:36at the same time.
0:04:36 > 0:04:38But Brickso's vision of what could be learned
0:04:38 > 0:04:40through these small plastic blocks was quite different.
0:04:40 > 0:04:46Look at this.
0:04:46 > 0:04:49This is a way to bring your existing Lego set to life.
0:04:49 > 0:04:53It has got a couple of LED lights, a sensor, and these blocks
0:04:53 > 0:04:53actually conduct electricity.
0:04:53 > 0:04:56From there you can create whatever spinning, moving,
0:04:56 > 0:04:57lighting functions take your fancy.
0:04:57 > 0:05:00But this use of technology isn't just about teaching ICT.
0:05:00 > 0:05:02This adaptive learning is also about employing new methods
0:05:02 > 0:05:08of teaching traditional classes.
0:05:08 > 0:05:11The teacher guides with experience but as a student you can
0:05:11 > 0:05:13really roam about.
0:05:13 > 0:05:14This is Google Expedition.
0:05:14 > 0:05:17Now, Jen here is going to play the part of a teacher.
0:05:17 > 0:05:20She will be talking through what we are all looking
0:05:20 > 0:05:24at through the goggles at the same time.
0:05:25 > 0:05:26That actually represents all of you.
0:05:26 > 0:05:28The pictures are amazing.
0:05:28 > 0:05:30I mean, looking at the difference between the healthy lungs
0:05:30 > 0:05:37and the smoker's lungs I definitely think we should stick with the kids.
0:05:37 > 0:05:41The idea of an image in your mind is certainly something that could be
0:05:41 > 0:05:43easier to maintain than just someone just talking.
0:05:43 > 0:05:46But my issue is actually with the idea of wearing the goggles.
0:05:46 > 0:05:51They're fine for a couple of minutes but then I do feel the urge to take
0:05:51 > 0:05:54them off so I can't imagine actually wearing them for a full half-hour
0:05:54 > 0:05:55lesson or beyond.
0:05:55 > 0:05:58Many of these ideas will be picked up by individual schools,
0:05:58 > 0:06:00but although the ideas and devices are out there,
0:06:00 > 0:06:03the challenge comes in making them available to the masses
0:06:03 > 0:06:06and that is something which one not for profit in Finland,
0:06:06 > 0:06:09a country considered to have one of the world's best education
0:06:09 > 0:06:12systems, is trying to overcome.
0:06:12 > 0:06:15I would say that education is one of the few big industries
0:06:15 > 0:06:17that is still waiting to be disrupted.
0:06:17 > 0:06:19One of the biggest challenges in our education system
0:06:20 > 0:06:23is that it is based on the ideals of the industrial world,
0:06:23 > 0:06:26so it is kind of like teaching everyone to be the same.
0:06:26 > 0:06:33And in tomorrow's world it is crucial to be individual.
0:06:33 > 0:06:36One idea turns things on its head though, focusing not simply
0:06:36 > 0:06:40on new ways of teaching, but firstly analysing how we learn.
0:06:40 > 0:06:44Well, I am on my way to maths class which should cause me a bit
0:06:44 > 0:06:48of concern because I am not sure I remember that much from school,
0:06:48 > 0:06:51but with this class everybody is having their own private lesson.
0:06:51 > 0:06:53The teacher doesn't stand up and project their voice
0:06:53 > 0:06:59to start the session.
0:06:59 > 0:07:02The kids take their places at computers were Century AI
0:07:02 > 0:07:03will take you through the lesson.
0:07:03 > 0:07:06This artificial intelligence system aims to teach each pupil
0:07:06 > 0:07:09at their own pace and in a way that suits them best,
0:07:09 > 0:07:19constantly getting to know them better and tracking their progress.
0:07:19 > 0:07:23The entire purpose of this machine is to learn how your brain learns
0:07:23 > 0:07:25and then utilise that data, and it constantly adapts,
0:07:25 > 0:07:28to provide them with a top-tier education at any single moment
0:07:28 > 0:07:32and then takes that data and offers it to the teacher in real-time.
0:07:32 > 0:07:33Here the students generate the data.
0:07:33 > 0:07:36It's provided by real-time teachers and they can intervene
0:07:36 > 0:07:39when necessary and they can spend more time on the human interactions
0:07:39 > 0:07:42with the student, the pastoral care that they need to provide
0:07:42 > 0:07:47to that individual.
0:07:48 > 0:07:50Teachers can share their content around the world with other people
0:07:50 > 0:07:53using Century, so any given subject could have numerous options
0:07:53 > 0:07:56the machine could select from based on a student's focus
0:07:56 > 0:08:04and learning levels.
0:08:04 > 0:08:07And if they choose to manually switch, then it tracks
0:08:07 > 0:08:08and considers their preferences too.
0:08:08 > 0:08:11What do you feel are the challenges?
0:08:12 > 0:08:15Sometimes like if you are not too sure on a question and you've
0:08:15 > 0:08:18watched the videos and stuff, it's easy to like have a human
0:08:18 > 0:08:23explain it to you, but the computer does make it as easy as possible.
0:08:23 > 0:08:26Whilst of course I can see the benefits of personalised
0:08:26 > 0:08:28education there is one thing playing on my mind.
0:08:28 > 0:08:30That is the amount of screen time.
0:08:30 > 0:08:33We have had plenty of teachers, not just parents, saying do
0:08:33 > 0:08:36you really want them staring at a screen or an iPad?
0:08:36 > 0:08:39And it's not the answer and it's not binary and I think
0:08:40 > 0:08:40that's really important.
0:08:40 > 0:08:43We don't think teachers should be replaced, we think we need more
0:08:44 > 0:08:46teachers, we just think teachers should be spending their time
0:08:46 > 0:08:49teaching and inspiring and imparting knowledge of the subject
0:08:49 > 0:08:51that they really understand.
0:08:51 > 0:08:54There's no shortage of ideas yet naturally putting them to the test
0:08:54 > 0:08:57requires people willing to take a chance on them.
0:08:57 > 0:09:00But clearly the idea of technology giving an overhaul to how
0:09:00 > 0:09:01we educate our kids doesn't seem far away.
0:09:11 > 0:09:13Hello and welcome to The Week in Tech.
0:09:13 > 0:09:16It was the week that Tesla boss Elon Musk talked
0:09:16 > 0:09:17about tunnels again.
0:09:17 > 0:09:20He's proposed an underground network where your car gets shuttled
0:09:20 > 0:09:23from A to B on an electric skate that could go up to 130mph.
0:09:23 > 0:09:25The name of his new venture?
0:09:25 > 0:09:28The Boring Company.
0:09:28 > 0:09:32It was also the week that users of messaging app WhatsApp were left
0:09:32 > 0:09:33asking what's 'appening?
0:09:33 > 0:09:36after the service mysteriously went down for several hours around
0:09:36 > 0:09:39the world, and the bank accounts of O2 customers in Germany
0:09:39 > 0:09:42were drained after the SS7 mobile telecommunications
0:09:42 > 0:09:45system was hacked.
0:09:45 > 0:09:48We covered the SS7 vulnerability on the show last year.
0:09:48 > 0:09:52Over in Sweden the world's fastest camera's been developed.
0:09:52 > 0:09:55Lund University's camera can capture 5 trillion images per second whilst
0:09:55 > 0:10:03other conventional high-speed cameras typically capture 100,000.
0:10:03 > 0:10:06Instead of capturing images one by one this captures several coded
0:10:06 > 0:10:09images at once and pieces them together into a video afterwards.
0:10:09 > 0:10:12It will be used to film things like brain activity
0:10:12 > 0:10:13and chemical reactions.
0:10:13 > 0:10:17And finally, in an effort to help robots run better in the future this
0:10:17 > 0:10:20ostrich-like bot can spread up to 10mph and has been cleverly
0:10:20 > 0:10:22designed to self balance without the need for sensors
0:10:22 > 0:10:26or computer processing.
0:10:26 > 0:10:29A single motor drives the bot's legs forward in an elliptical motion,
0:10:29 > 0:10:40injecting more power when it feels resistance.
0:10:40 > 0:10:42Look at it, it's got a mind of its own.
0:10:42 > 0:10:45Right, everyone down to the pub for a swift half,
0:10:45 > 0:10:52a game of bar billiards and a battle with some giant bugs.
0:10:52 > 0:10:55Sounds like the perfect evening for Mark Chislak.
0:10:55 > 0:11:01There are a couple of things that you always find in a British pub.
0:11:01 > 0:11:03Number one is pints of beer.
0:11:03 > 0:11:06In some drinking shops there are distractions like darts.
0:11:06 > 0:11:11And of course virtual reality headsets.
0:11:11 > 0:11:13VR in pubs?
0:11:13 > 0:11:15How ever will you find your pint?
0:11:15 > 0:11:27The big problem for most people with virtual reality is space.
0:11:27 > 0:11:30You just don't have the space in a normal sized living room
0:11:30 > 0:11:31to play VR games properly.
0:11:32 > 0:11:35The headsets have got cables attached to them which you can
0:11:35 > 0:11:38easily trip over and then you've got furniture and walls that
0:11:38 > 0:11:39you can bang into.
0:11:39 > 0:11:44That is where pubs come in.
0:11:44 > 0:11:46Pubs are generally bigger than the house that you live
0:11:47 > 0:11:50in so there's no problem with space and they afford you the opportunity
0:11:50 > 0:11:53of a truly social virtual reality experience because people can see
0:11:53 > 0:11:56what you're doing.
0:11:56 > 0:12:00So, the walls in here are green and that means the spectators that
0:12:00 > 0:12:02are watching me can see the environment that I am
0:12:02 > 0:12:06in and also if I back myself up to them I feel that they're soft,
0:12:06 > 0:12:09they're padded so players cannot injure themselves if they get
0:12:09 > 0:12:13a little bit too energetic and throw themselves around in space.
0:12:13 > 0:12:18It's like a soft play area for adults.
0:12:18 > 0:12:20The combination of public house and virtual reality
0:12:20 > 0:12:22is the brainchild of these guys.
0:12:22 > 0:12:24They've used their background in satellite technology,
0:12:24 > 0:12:26IT and engineering to create this setup.
0:12:26 > 0:12:30So what made you guys think that VR and pubs went together like a pie
0:12:30 > 0:12:32and a pint?
0:12:32 > 0:12:36We thought we wanted to do a VR arcade, but arcades have a stale
0:12:36 > 0:12:40and outdated image and so we were looking for a good venue to do
0:12:40 > 0:12:48virtual reality in public.
0:12:48 > 0:12:51When you're involved with alcohol there's always a degree of risk
0:12:51 > 0:12:55to the gear and the equipment overall, so we have had to rig up
0:12:55 > 0:12:58harnesses so if people fall over they don't damage themselves.
0:12:58 > 0:13:00The harnesses also protect the headsets so they don't fall
0:13:00 > 0:13:03on the ground.
0:13:03 > 0:13:08Enough talk, it's time to try out the specially designed VR rig.
0:13:08 > 0:13:11We've got the Vive plugged into the seat belt arrester system
0:13:11 > 0:13:13which will catch you when you fall.
0:13:13 > 0:13:17In order to make players safe it is crucial that the cables
0:13:17 > 0:13:19for the headsets are kept out of the way.
0:13:19 > 0:13:22I have a harness that I have to put on.
0:13:22 > 0:13:23It goes on there.
0:13:23 > 0:13:26And then you put this in at the back here.
0:13:26 > 0:13:29And now no matter how much you turn around this cable is not
0:13:29 > 0:13:36going to get caught in your head or on your back.
0:13:36 > 0:13:38An ingenious solution to the cable problem that everybody finds
0:13:38 > 0:13:42with VR headsets.
0:13:42 > 0:13:46OK, now I've played tonnes of games in VR before and as always I'm
0:13:46 > 0:13:50immediately transported from the space that I was in,
0:13:50 > 0:13:53this pub, into this sewer and zombies are coming from pretty
0:13:53 > 0:13:54much every direction.
0:13:54 > 0:13:56Reload, reload.
0:13:56 > 0:14:03Oh!
0:14:03 > 0:14:05You don't really notice the cable that you are wearing
0:14:05 > 0:14:07and the harness.
0:14:07 > 0:14:09I thought you would, but it's kind of...
0:14:09 > 0:14:11I don't notice it is there at all.
0:14:11 > 0:14:14What have you discovered about the type of games that
0:14:14 > 0:14:16are best to play in this environment?
0:14:16 > 0:14:19Our rule of thumb is basically any more than one button
0:14:19 > 0:14:20is too complicated.
0:14:20 > 0:14:22Most of the people who are playing have never played
0:14:22 > 0:14:23virtual reality before.
0:14:23 > 0:14:26And it's enough of a surprise for them to find themselves
0:14:26 > 0:14:27in a computer game.
0:14:27 > 0:14:31You don't want them to then have to remember six or seven button
0:14:31 > 0:14:33combinations as well.
0:14:33 > 0:14:38Double your gun, double your fun.
0:14:38 > 0:14:41So this is where nice, simple games can easily be demonstrated.
0:14:41 > 0:14:43It's a wave shooter, and so I have just got waves
0:14:44 > 0:14:46and waves of bad guys trying to attack me.
0:14:46 > 0:14:50The aim is simple - fight them off.
0:14:50 > 0:14:54How do people fare when they have been in the VR when they have had
0:14:54 > 0:14:55a couple of drinks?
0:14:55 > 0:14:56It's a bit like playing pool.
0:14:57 > 0:14:59You get progressively better, and then you get a lot worse
0:15:00 > 0:15:01all of a sudden.
0:15:01 > 0:15:03It's really, really frantic.
0:15:03 > 0:15:06I don't think I can stand more than five minutes in here,
0:15:06 > 0:15:08simply because I'm getting really hot!
0:15:08 > 0:15:11Oh!
0:15:11 > 0:15:13And I am done.
0:15:13 > 0:15:16Well, it's somebody else's turn, and it's my turn to order
0:15:17 > 0:15:18at the bar.
0:15:18 > 0:15:22Oh.
0:15:24 > 0:15:30Now, does this look like a race track to you?
0:15:30 > 0:15:33Does this look like a car?
0:15:33 > 0:15:36Well, last weekend, six teams took to the track in Toulouse,
0:15:36 > 0:15:44in France, for the world's first nanocar race.
0:15:44 > 0:15:48The nanocars are specially designed molecules which are invisible
0:15:48 > 0:15:50to the human eye.
0:15:50 > 0:15:52Nano things are very, very small.
0:15:52 > 0:15:57One nanometre is 30,000 times thinner than a human hair.
0:15:57 > 0:16:01In ideal cases, we try to build molecules which have the shape
0:16:01 > 0:16:05of a car, that is some kind of a chassis and four wheels,
0:16:19 > 0:16:21Six teams competed, representing France,
0:16:21 > 0:16:24Switzerland, Japan, Germany, the USA, and there was a joint US
0:16:24 > 0:16:28and Austrian team.
0:16:28 > 0:16:32The tiny racetrack for most teams was made of gold.
0:16:32 > 0:16:35Now, this is because gold is so soft its surface can be made
0:16:35 > 0:16:38extremely flat, as in, there is not even an atom
0:16:38 > 0:16:40out of place.
0:16:40 > 0:16:44And that does take some time to prepare.
0:16:59 > 0:17:03Once the nano cars are in position on the track, the teams use the tip
0:17:03 > 0:17:06of a scanning, tunnelling microscope to propel the vehicles
0:17:06 > 0:17:10with tiny electric charges.
0:17:10 > 0:17:15They have 30 hours to race 100 nanometres and back.
0:17:15 > 0:17:19Six teams started, with no guarantee that they would all finish.
0:17:19 > 0:17:23But there is historical precedent here.
0:17:23 > 0:17:26In 1894, there was the first ever car race in the world.
0:17:49 > 0:17:53In the end it took one team only 19 minutes to finish the race,
0:17:53 > 0:17:57but they did use a different track.
0:17:57 > 0:18:00If we had used the gold, it was going to be uncontrollably
0:18:00 > 0:18:01fast.
0:18:01 > 0:18:04So we used a silver surface, which is actually a slower surface.
0:18:04 > 0:18:07So we slowed it down so we could control it better
0:18:07 > 0:18:08around the pylon.
0:18:08 > 0:18:11We never revealed the structure of our car until race day.
0:18:11 > 0:18:14There was no requirement to reveal the structure of the car.
0:18:14 > 0:18:17Because we worked so hard to come up with these design features,
0:18:18 > 0:18:21we didn't feel that we wanted to reveal that to the world
0:18:21 > 0:18:22until race day.
0:18:23 > 0:18:26And looking at their cars we knew that they were going to be a little
0:18:27 > 0:18:29bit slower because number one, they were very big.
0:18:29 > 0:18:32The higher the molecular weight, the harder it is to move it.
0:18:32 > 0:18:35Number two, they had aeromatic wheels.
0:18:35 > 0:18:38We knew that was going to slow them down.
0:18:38 > 0:18:40Even though it was originally deemed a 36-hour race,
0:18:40 > 0:18:44we knew that we were going to be able to finish much
0:18:44 > 0:18:46faster than that.
0:18:46 > 0:18:49The second team to finish raced on the standard gold course,
0:18:49 > 0:18:53and took over seven hours.
0:18:53 > 0:18:56The organisers decided to declare both the Swiss team
0:18:56 > 0:18:58and the US-Austrian team joint winners, as they had raced
0:18:59 > 0:19:01in different circumstances.
0:19:01 > 0:19:05The tech used in the race will help improve the imaging capabilities
0:19:05 > 0:19:08of the world's most powerful microscopes, and the car design
0:19:08 > 0:19:11process has pharmaceutical applications for making designer
0:19:11 > 0:19:13molecules.
0:19:13 > 0:19:17As it was, in the world's first nano race, every team will have plenty
0:19:17 > 0:19:23of thinking to take back to their tiny drawing boards.
0:19:23 > 0:19:26Now, you may remember last year we tickled your earbuds
0:19:26 > 0:19:31with something called binaural sound.
0:19:31 > 0:19:34Now, this is a way of recording audio so when you listen back
0:19:34 > 0:19:38through headphones, the sounds actually sound like they are coming
0:19:39 > 0:19:40from the right place in 3-D space.
0:19:40 > 0:19:42Well, it turns out someone was listening.
0:19:42 > 0:19:49Not just someone, but The Doctor, and he invited Kate Russell to hear
0:19:49 > 0:19:52all about it.
0:19:52 > 0:19:54Go and have a look.
0:19:54 > 0:19:55Why me?
0:19:55 > 0:19:59You're physically bigger.
0:19:59 > 0:20:07Maybe it's just the central heating.
0:20:08 > 0:20:11Oh, sorry, didn't mean to scare you.
0:20:11 > 0:20:15Unlike a new episode of Doctor Who, that uses binaural sound to really
0:20:15 > 0:20:21get inside your head.
0:20:21 > 0:20:24I have come to south Wales, where the episode
0:20:24 > 0:20:27Knock Knock was filmed.
0:20:27 > 0:20:28In this spooky-looking house, the Doctor investigates
0:20:29 > 0:20:32some strange noises.
0:20:32 > 0:20:34What's going on?
0:20:34 > 0:20:37Using binaural sound, the show's producers are able
0:20:37 > 0:20:41to ramp up the fright factor by placing sound effects all around
0:20:41 > 0:20:43the listener, so they feel like they are actually
0:20:43 > 0:20:46inside the room with the actors.
0:20:46 > 0:20:49So if you see a normal, digital audio workstation,
0:20:49 > 0:20:53everything is layered up in tracks.
0:20:53 > 0:20:56But actually, we can see those tracks on the computer as little
0:20:56 > 0:20:59objects, like you are looking down on top of a room.
0:20:59 > 0:21:02So you can see these dots with a cross showing where the left
0:21:02 > 0:21:04and right is, and the up-and-down axis.
0:21:04 > 0:21:07When the sounds are then put through into the BBC renderer,
0:21:08 > 0:21:11which is a piece of software that the R team have made,
0:21:11 > 0:21:14then you can see where those sounds are hanging in 3-D space.
0:21:14 > 0:21:19To experience the binaural effect you must be using stereo headphones.
0:21:19 > 0:21:24Even a top-of-the-range 5.1 surround sound speaker systems will not
0:21:24 > 0:21:27deliver the results, as the microscopic time delays
0:21:27 > 0:21:29in sounds arriving at your ears are vital to creating
0:21:29 > 0:21:34the 360-degree immersive effect.
0:21:34 > 0:21:38That was super, super scary and spooky and atmospheric.
0:21:38 > 0:21:41Very subtle.
0:21:41 > 0:21:45If you are expecting the kind of like sideshow act of jumping
0:21:45 > 0:21:49around sound that really wows you, this is not what this is about.
0:21:49 > 0:21:51This is about a subtle experience of placing
0:21:51 > 0:21:54you in a three-dimensional soundscape.
0:21:54 > 0:21:57The reason why this episode lent itself so brilliantly
0:21:57 > 0:22:00to the binaural mix is because of it being a kind of horror -
0:22:01 > 0:22:03playing with the horror genre, and the tropes of that,
0:22:03 > 0:22:07and a lot of what makes things scary is what you don't see,
0:22:07 > 0:22:10and building up the atmosphere to that moment of scare is really
0:22:10 > 0:22:14what the audience are looking for.
0:22:15 > 0:22:18We were told 3-D TV was going to be the next big thing.
0:22:18 > 0:22:22Well, that didn't happen.
0:22:22 > 0:22:24So why should this be any different?
0:22:24 > 0:22:28The reason why binaural is really taking off now is because we're
0:22:28 > 0:22:30in the age of the smartphone and the tablet.
0:22:30 > 0:22:32People are consuming their media with headphones.
0:22:32 > 0:22:35The headphones are hugely popular.
0:22:35 > 0:22:38We've got - even in my family, my kids will sit down
0:22:38 > 0:22:40watching their own content, that they're interested in,
0:22:40 > 0:22:44with a pair of headphones so as not to disturb each other.
0:22:44 > 0:22:47I think what will happen when people experience binaural audio with TV
0:22:47 > 0:22:54content, radio content, and then they go back to stereo,
0:22:54 > 0:22:57they'll feel a little bit - it's quite a claustrophobic feeling.
0:22:57 > 0:23:00And you think I want that other sound, please.
0:23:00 > 0:23:00What was that?
0:23:00 > 0:23:04It was binaural, let me have some more of that, please.
0:23:04 > 0:23:07I think that is where we will start to see binaural really take off.
0:23:07 > 0:23:10This spooky episode will be broadcast with regular sound on UK
0:23:10 > 0:23:11TVs this weekend.
0:23:12 > 0:23:15I'm afraid viewers from the rest of the world will have to wait.
0:23:15 > 0:23:18For the binaural experience, watch it on iPlayer.
0:23:18 > 0:23:22I recommend a darkened room, some decent stereo headphones,
0:23:22 > 0:23:25and a steely nerve.
0:23:25 > 0:23:28And remember, if you do hear knocking sounds in the night,
0:23:28 > 0:23:33it's probably just your pipes.
0:23:33 > 0:23:37Probably.
0:23:37 > 0:23:39Wow, can't wait to see, and more importantly
0:23:39 > 0:23:41hear, that episode.
0:23:41 > 0:23:43But then I Love Doctor Who.
0:23:43 > 0:23:44Can't wait to see every episode.
0:23:45 > 0:23:46That is it for this week.
0:23:46 > 0:23:48Follow us on Twitter throughout the week.
0:23:48 > 0:23:51Thank you for watching, and we will see you soon.
0:24:13 > 0:24:13Hello there.
0:24:13 > 0:24:17After the dry weather that we have been experiencing for days and weeks