:00:06. > :00:12.flood warnings in place. That is it from me, now on BBC News it is time
:00:12. > :00:16.for Click. It's entertaining, it's convenient, and is always there.
:00:16. > :00:26.But his television the baby sitter that could rewire your child's
:00:26. > :00:37.
:00:37. > :00:43.Screen and not heard, this week we need the scientists who think that
:00:43. > :00:49.young children should be kept away from all TV. Family-friendly fun,
:00:49. > :00:55.and injure? Nintendo's brain new games machine the Wii U has finally
:00:55. > :01:03.been released. -- brand new. At last the latest Tech News and the
:01:03. > :01:07.ultimate Tech face-off in Webscape. Welcome to Click, I'm Spencer Kelly.
:01:07. > :01:11.Every so often on this programme we like to cover the latest tech
:01:11. > :01:15.offering for kids, for example the new robust tablets aimed
:01:15. > :01:19.specifically at children. But recently there have been growing
:01:19. > :01:23.concerns voiced by some fairly eminent experts over the damage
:01:23. > :01:28.that a kick like that could do. The question we should all be asking
:01:28. > :01:32.ourselves, they say, he should young children be exposed to
:01:33. > :01:37.screens at all? -- is assured. Whether it's TV made for children
:01:37. > :01:42.or tablets made for adults, it's almost impossible for today's kids
:01:42. > :01:46.to grow up without being captivated by brightly dancing two dimensional
:01:46. > :01:49.characters on one screen or another. Children's instinctive sensitivity
:01:50. > :01:55.to sudden changes in sound and vision is apparent from birth.
:01:55. > :01:58.Infants on their backs on the floor will crane their necks to watch TV.
:01:58. > :02:03.But there is growing concern around the world that very young children
:02:03. > :02:07.shouldn't watch any more screens at all. In the US paediatric and
:02:07. > :02:13.government guidelines recommend that no child under two be exposed
:02:13. > :02:18.to any screens, and Michelle Obama in her official capacity has been
:02:18. > :02:24.campaigning to curtail screen watching for under twos. Limiting
:02:24. > :02:30.screen time for kids, but making sure that we eliminate it for kids
:02:30. > :02:33.under two. I know a lot of parents are shocked by that. France has
:02:33. > :02:38.already and digital terrestrial TV aimed at children under three,
:02:38. > :02:42.while Australia and Canada have similar recommendations. Aside from
:02:42. > :02:46.the existing concerns over promoting childhood obesity, new
:02:46. > :02:50.research suggests there are more problems when leaving small
:02:50. > :02:53.children transfixed in front of screens. Aric Sigman's research
:02:53. > :02:57.looks at studies done about the amount of time spent at looking
:02:57. > :03:02.screens and the changes that occur. He highlights concerns different
:03:02. > :03:06.from the old medical worries about children getting fatter. Early
:03:06. > :03:09.screen viewing is likely to lead to long periods of the ring for the
:03:09. > :03:15.rest of your life, the way you view screens when you're young our
:03:15. > :03:19.habits you pick up for ever. What is implicated in this is a chemical
:03:19. > :03:24.called dopamine, this may be the case. Dopamine is produced when we
:03:24. > :03:28.see something that's interesting or new, but it also has a second
:03:28. > :03:32.function. It is also the chemical involved in most addictions, it is
:03:32. > :03:36.the reward chemical that gives us the good feeling when we do
:03:36. > :03:41.something. There are concerns among neuroscientists about this dopamine
:03:41. > :03:47.being produced every single day for many years may change the reward
:03:47. > :03:51.secretary in a child's brain. It may make them more dependent a upon
:03:51. > :03:58.Screen Media. When squinty these became household items, there was
:03:58. > :04:02.nothing entertaining on them. -- screen TVs. Now they have the power
:04:02. > :04:06.to mesmerise. Infants screen viewing is increasingly common and
:04:06. > :04:11.some estimate more than 90 % of young children in the US at least
:04:11. > :04:16.start regularly watching TV well before the age of two in spite of
:04:16. > :04:20.recommendations to the contrary. At Oxford University Baroness green
:04:20. > :04:24.field has been conducting cutting edge experiments on rat brains to
:04:24. > :04:29.find out how the neurotransmitter dopamine affects large group of
:04:30. > :04:35.brain cells. We know a lot about dopamine, it has many jobs in the
:04:35. > :04:40.brain, and somehow it is related to addiction, reward, arousal, in very
:04:40. > :04:44.subtle ways. It's also believed that perhaps video gaming tax into
:04:44. > :04:48.the system, most recently there was a study out where it shows the area
:04:48. > :04:54.of the brain related to dopamine was actually enhanced in kids that
:04:54. > :04:57.were compulsive video gamers, similar to compulsive gamblers.
:04:57. > :05:02.This is little don year, she was eight months old when her parents
:05:02. > :05:07.realise she wouldn't eat without help from her eye pad. -- Don year.
:05:07. > :05:10.They were forced to take the tablet wherever they went. She was
:05:10. > :05:16.eventually weaned from the screen after advice from paediatricians,
:05:16. > :05:19.but that that's not to say that all screens and types of content are
:05:19. > :05:24.equally bad. There is a world of difference about how the
:05:24. > :05:29.technologies are used. If you read a story to your kid on Kindle for
:05:29. > :05:33.example, that's not the same as the child themselves interacting
:05:33. > :05:37.independently with an iPad. Programme-makers know this,
:05:37. > :05:40.although they don't know the name dopamine, they know the more edits
:05:40. > :05:45.you put into a programme the more likely it is to keep the child's
:05:45. > :05:50.interest up to a certain point. Providing the child with novelty is
:05:50. > :05:53.likely to produce higher levels of dopamine, making the child seek
:05:53. > :05:57.more and more screen time to satisfy their need for more
:05:57. > :06:02.dopamine. This is speculation at the moment but there are good
:06:02. > :06:05.reasons to think this is correct. Indeed, some experts recommend that
:06:05. > :06:11.what a very young child watches should have as few edits in as
:06:11. > :06:16.possible. Like these old programmes on the 1950s. It seems the old
:06:16. > :06:22.Watch With Mother era might have had the right idea all along.
:06:22. > :06:26.you hear anything? I wonder what's in the box. Do you know, children?
:06:26. > :06:30.Near to Hollywood at the heart of the Silver Screen Industries,
:06:30. > :06:33.children's digital media centre at Los Angeles aims to study
:06:33. > :06:38.children's interaction with the new forms of digital media to see how
:06:38. > :06:42.this affects their off-line lights and long-term development. If a
:06:42. > :06:46.parent is sitting next to a child while they are looking at the
:06:46. > :06:52.screens, and they are saying let's say the screen says a word and the
:06:52. > :06:56.parent says, look, happy, the baby is happy, and points to it.
:06:56. > :07:00.Actually a child can learn from that, even young children, because
:07:00. > :07:05.it is social interaction. At a certain age screens can teach, once
:07:05. > :07:10.a child understands that the screen is a way to comprehend the world.
:07:10. > :07:16.But even then the child needs to be at a certain stage in their
:07:16. > :07:20.development. Children need to understand that this 2D flat screen
:07:20. > :07:25.represents their real world, that does not happen normally until
:07:25. > :07:30.closer to two years. So they are not really learning. But without
:07:30. > :07:34.social interaction, screens at young ages don't teach anything.
:07:34. > :07:38.Experts disagree on which particular areas of development can
:07:38. > :07:43.be affected by watching screens. Although children with attention
:07:43. > :07:47.deficit hyperactivity disorder to spend more time playing video games
:07:47. > :07:52.and watching TV, this is thought to be a symptom of the condition, not
:07:52. > :07:58.a cause. Different countries are reacting differently to studies
:07:58. > :08:03.done on children and screens. Despite France, Canada and
:08:03. > :08:07.Australia's stance against infant viewing, as recently as 2008 the UK
:08:07. > :08:12.recommended children be exposed to technology, computers and screens
:08:12. > :08:20.from a very young age. Since then the advice has been removed but the
:08:20. > :08:23.UK currently has no medical or governmental guidelines. The BBC's
:08:23. > :08:30.CBeebies channel is one of the most prominent stations aimed at small
:08:30. > :08:34.children in the UK, want some of its content implies young viewers
:08:34. > :08:38.are welcome. CBeebies told us its programming was aimed at children
:08:38. > :08:43.of two years and older, and these particular sections were aired to
:08:43. > :08:47.allow older siblings and family members to share in the birthday
:08:47. > :08:52.celebrations. BabyTV, owned by News Corporation, says it targets
:08:52. > :08:56.children up to four years old. Despite France's concerns it can't
:08:56. > :09:01.be banned within the EU because it has been granted a licence to
:09:01. > :09:10.broadcast in one country, the UK. If you watch it in France however
:09:10. > :09:14.you also see regular warnings about the dangers of young viewing. Now
:09:14. > :09:19.look, too 0.5 years ago when I became a parent for the first time,
:09:19. > :09:24.I absolutely admit that TV can be very useful -- 2.5 years. If I need
:09:24. > :09:28.to occupy him for a few minutes when I climb a ladder I can put a
:09:28. > :09:32.programme on. If we need him to calm down in the evening we can sit
:09:32. > :09:38.down and watch a cartoon together. Am I really damaging my son's
:09:38. > :09:43.brain? Some parents don't have the luxury of having someone else take
:09:43. > :09:47.care of their child, they need to work for example. So the screen
:09:47. > :09:51.becomes a baby sitter, a helpful tool. If you leave your child in
:09:51. > :09:54.front of the screen for too long as a baby sitter there's a danger they
:09:54. > :09:59.won't learn in the same way that a child who would be socially
:10:00. > :10:04.interacting with you would, a child who follows a parent around who is
:10:04. > :10:08.doing just the laundry or the cooking and follows the parent
:10:08. > :10:13.around, verses a child sitting in front of the TV, will learn more
:10:13. > :10:17.words. What we need to do is a. A variety of measures. First the
:10:17. > :10:23.print and broadcast measure will need to promote the discussion and
:10:23. > :10:26.get people thinking about it. -- a doctor. We need more surveys.
:10:26. > :10:30.Surveys and trains are not experiments, but no more was
:10:30. > :10:35.smoking and lung cancer in the Fifties and experiment, but people
:10:35. > :10:39.started to see a link, then eventually epidemiologists, a long
:10:39. > :10:43.and they established one thing could have caused the other. While
:10:43. > :10:47.the jury is out on whether screen entertainment poses a serious risk
:10:47. > :10:51.to very small children, the advice from some government health
:10:51. > :10:55.departments, paediatric medical organisations, and experts, is to
:10:55. > :11:01.air on the side of caution for the time being, and let the little ones
:11:01. > :11:05.snuggle up with a good book instead. If you have any thoughts on the
:11:05. > :11:10.safety of screens for children, or if you have any personal experience
:11:10. > :11:18.of their effect, then please do drop us a line. We're on Facebook,
:11:18. > :11:22.and we're on Twitter. Next up, it is this week's Tech News. The
:11:22. > :11:26.conflict between Israel and the Palestinians has been mirrored on
:11:26. > :11:31.line, both the Israeli army and Hamas have been giving military and
:11:31. > :11:34.political commentaries over Tweeted. Activists from the hacking
:11:34. > :11:37.collective Anonymous have been instrumental in many of the
:11:37. > :11:41.estimated 60 million largely failed hacking attempts on Israeli
:11:41. > :11:45.websites. They say their campaign is in response to what it says is a
:11:45. > :11:49.threat by the Israeli government to shut down internet connections in
:11:49. > :11:53.Gaza. The Israeli Defence Force has been up loading bay need videos to
:11:53. > :11:58.YouTube, and is hosting a game on its website where frequent visitors
:11:58. > :12:02.can win badges and achievements. A panel representing more than 50
:12:02. > :12:07.governments has published a list of 242 objections to new internet
:12:07. > :12:13.address endings. The list of no-nos encompasses names that have sparked
:12:13. > :12:19.a wide variety of political, religious and commercial concerns.
:12:19. > :12:25.Amongst Amazon's 28 rejected proposals, out of 76 submissions,.
:12:25. > :12:28.Amazon was supposed unsurprisingly by Brazil. Applicants now have to
:12:28. > :12:32.address the panels concerns or withdraw their submissions ahead of
:12:32. > :12:37.the roll-out in May next year. Face than users will soon be able to
:12:37. > :12:41.make calls to friends on the site for using its mobile app. --
:12:41. > :12:46.Facebook. Party Call will compete with Skype and WhatsApp. They can
:12:46. > :12:50.pose details to their profiles using the service. It was developed
:12:50. > :12:55.by Orange in France and will be launched their in the summer with
:12:55. > :13:00.other countries to follow. The world's oldest computer was
:13:01. > :13:06.switched on for the first time this week. Which Witch was considered a
:13:06. > :13:09.supercomputer in its time, it is today a giant calculator weighing
:13:10. > :13:13.2.5 tonnes. Volunteers at the National Museum of computing at
:13:13. > :13:22.Bletchley Park spent three years reconstructing its 10,000 moving
:13:22. > :13:28.parts. Some achievement. It's not that often that a new video games
:13:28. > :13:32.console is launched, but this month Nintendo will unleash the first of
:13:32. > :13:36.the next generation of home consoles. The thing is the
:13:36. > :13:41.technology inside the new Wii U seems decidedly current generation.
:13:41. > :13:48.If you know what I mean? So what's going on? Can Nintendo replicate
:13:48. > :13:52.the success of its last regime, the Wii, or has it misjudged the mood
:13:52. > :13:56.of the gaming public? Marc Cieslak is one man who knows his Mario from
:13:56. > :14:05.his Metroid, so we asked him to get to grips with Nintendo's new
:14:05. > :14:10.Nintendo had a history of innovation, his most recent home
:14:10. > :14:17.console, the Wii, introduced the world to motion controllers. A
:14:17. > :14:23.concept so simple but well executed that its rivals, Microsoft and Sony,
:14:23. > :14:28.concocted motion controlled devices. While the Kinect and the Move for
:14:28. > :14:33.PlayStation 3 had enjoyed success, the Wii went on to become the
:14:33. > :14:40.world's best-selling home console. Nintendo's engineers are keen to
:14:40. > :14:44.enervate with his latest at that, the Wii U. It makes use of an
:14:44. > :14:48.entirely different sort of Controller. It makes use of several
:14:48. > :14:58.different controllers. This is the familiar Wiimote, and then we had
:14:58. > :14:59.
:14:59. > :15:03.this, this is a tablet style, motion sensitive, Controller. There
:15:03. > :15:09.is also a stylus which can be used with the touch screen for
:15:09. > :15:13.additional control. It is almost as if Nintendo's designers are
:15:13. > :15:19.scratching their heads, wondering what to do with the controller,
:15:19. > :15:25.should it be a joypad, should it be motion sensitive, should it be a
:15:25. > :15:31.touch screen? They have dumped everything into the mix. They are
:15:31. > :15:35.trying to maintain the innovation brand around this kind of Wii U. It
:15:35. > :15:40.is not as easy to communicate this kind of innovation to the audience
:15:40. > :15:48.as the original Wii. That is the major challenge, communicating the
:15:48. > :15:52.differences. On top of the game pad, this console will also support a
:15:52. > :15:58.so-called pro Controller, which kind of looks like the controller
:15:58. > :16:03.from a Xbox or PlayStation 3. The Wii U itself is a black box, which
:16:03. > :16:10.at launch will come in two flavours, one with a meet at eight gigabytes
:16:10. > :16:15.of storage, and a premium model with 32 gigs. It has an AMD based
:16:15. > :16:20.graphics chip and a IBM processor. Unlike its predecessor, this
:16:20. > :16:25.machine can produce high-definition visuals. But in terms of technology,
:16:25. > :16:31.it is not what you would call cutting edge. The Wii U is not just
:16:31. > :16:35.a games machine, like the Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3, it will have
:16:35. > :16:41.multimedia capabilities, such as access to on demand for television
:16:41. > :16:49.services. But much of the functionality has been delayed. It
:16:49. > :16:53.will be made available on download. The Wii U's major point of
:16:53. > :17:00.difference is the game had Controller, which features a camera,
:17:00. > :17:07.microphone and speakers, and a touch screen. It is a bit 2008
:17:07. > :17:13.compared to all the model touch devices. There is the smorgasbord
:17:13. > :17:17.of different ways the player can interact with the pad itself. It is
:17:17. > :17:22.this bunch of different control mechanisms that I found slightly
:17:22. > :17:26.confusing, for instance, this game is Nintendo Land, a series of
:17:26. > :17:34.family-friendly many games. Each one of those uses a different
:17:34. > :17:39.control mechanism. You get the general idea. But that is just the
:17:39. > :17:43.start of the Wii's circus of confusion. Some of the games
:17:43. > :17:47.require the player to look at the television screen, but then they
:17:47. > :17:51.demanded to look at the controller's screen. It is a method
:17:51. > :17:58.of playing games and watching game played that is unusual, to say the
:17:59. > :18:03.least. The Wii will launch with a fairly healthy raft of games,
:18:03. > :18:09.including much hard core fare, such as a ZombieU, courtesy of that
:18:09. > :18:19.party developer Ubisoft. It is third party support that will be
:18:19. > :18:21.
:18:21. > :18:24.crucial to the Wii U's success. has opened the platform up.
:18:24. > :18:29.Potentially, that is a good channel of content coming through to the
:18:29. > :18:34.platform. Initially, pre-orders and sales are looking quite healthy,
:18:34. > :18:43.but ultimately, such a confusing device is going to have a tough
:18:43. > :18:46.time replicating the success of the machine that it replaces.
:18:46. > :18:51.Proving that being first to market is not always contagious.
:18:51. > :18:57.We are always being asked whether one piece of technology is better
:18:57. > :19:01.than another. Often we will have an opinion, but we do not have time to
:19:01. > :19:08.compare everything. Kate Russell, on the other hand, things that she
:19:08. > :19:12.has. She will tell you why in Webscape.
:19:12. > :19:17.There are plenty of online comparison websites, but how do you
:19:17. > :19:24.know that you are getting an objective comparison, unfettered by
:19:25. > :19:31.personal opinion? Bursars -- Versusio wants to let you can pet
:19:31. > :19:41.products drawing on official specifications from the
:19:41. > :19:41.
:19:41. > :19:46.manufacturer. At the moment, it compares technology products and
:19:46. > :19:51.services, but they plan on adding other things, such as people
:19:51. > :19:56.compared by their social media accounts and connections, or even
:19:56. > :20:01.their CV or work experience. I'm not sure how I feel about being
:20:01. > :20:06.compared to other people in such a sweeping fashion, but for now, it
:20:06. > :20:12.mainly covers smart phones and tablets, and you will get an idea
:20:12. > :20:22.for size and form factor would be like size graphics option. -- with
:20:22. > :20:23.
:20:23. > :20:27.If you are fascinated by astronomy but do not have your own telescope,
:20:27. > :20:32.Universetoday is a great YouTube channel, posting many in Latin in
:20:32. > :20:37.programmes and documentaries, but they also her hot -- -- many
:20:37. > :20:41.enlightening. Contributors who do have a telescope trained at on the
:20:41. > :20:51.skies and then everybody joins in a live discussion about what is being
:20:51. > :20:51.
:20:51. > :20:57.seen. This is the Cocoon Nebula up. I just ran across it today. YouTube
:20:57. > :21:00.channels are a great way to find free content that is really unusual,
:21:00. > :21:04.the lower production and distribution cost makes it possible
:21:04. > :21:14.to make really experimental videos, and some of them are quite an eye-
:21:14. > :21:15.
:21:15. > :21:19.opener. This is The Aspie Show. My passion is Asperger's. This is a
:21:19. > :21:24.link to a YouTube programme called The Aspie Show. It talks openly
:21:24. > :21:34.about the condition. It celebrates the Strentz for those on the
:21:34. > :21:39.
:21:39. > :21:44.spectrum, rather than seeing it as a disability. -- the strengths.
:21:44. > :21:51.Millions of tweets are sent out into the ether every hour, but what
:21:51. > :21:58.do you tweets reveal about you? This is the app Mindofman.com hopes
:21:58. > :22:02.to answer. It creates a visualisation of your personality,
:22:02. > :22:12.called a MindPrint, and then extracting key traits do give you
:22:12. > :22:14.
:22:14. > :22:19.an idea of how you may be perceived by others. Once you have begun your
:22:19. > :22:28.mind of man Jenny, you can unlock other reports, such as revealing a
:22:28. > :22:34.celebrity twin. -- mind of man journey. It may also uncover your
:22:34. > :22:39.arch online nemesis. It says that I am a nerdist. I doubt anyone would
:22:39. > :22:43.be that surprised about it. You will have to own tokens to unlock
:22:43. > :22:53.the reports, which she India by sharing the results or answering
:22:53. > :23:01.
:23:01. > :23:03.questions. There is also a premium version. -- which you can do.
:23:04. > :23:09.So should have you cite Minube has just added English-language
:23:09. > :23:13.versions of its site. -- social travel website. It has been popular
:23:13. > :23:23.in Latin America, offering a buzzing social platform for
:23:23. > :23:30.
:23:30. > :23:39.travellers. Ready for a mind- blowing trip? Google pass my
:23:39. > :23:49.experiment to let you fly around in sophisticated the view of the
:23:49. > :23:55.
:23:55. > :24:00.If you prefer your maps a little more down-to-earth, Nokia maps are
:24:00. > :24:05.here. With term by term navigation and social features, let's hope it
:24:05. > :24:15.fills the gap left by many iPhone uses when Google Maps it fell off
:24:15. > :24:17.
:24:17. > :24:26.the laps list. The apps list. Or why you are on our website, you