:00:12. > :00:17.The headlines: European Union leaders have warned that distrust of
:00:18. > :00:21.the US over spy and could harm the fight against terrorism. A statement
:00:22. > :00:25.issued following the EU summit in Brussels says that a lack of trust
:00:26. > :00:31.could prejudice intelligence gathering operations. The US
:00:32. > :00:32.acknowledged it had created certificate challenges and
:00:33. > :00:37.tensions. JP Morgan has agreed to pay $5.1
:00:38. > :00:42.billion for misleading US mortgage giants Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.
:00:43. > :00:46.The bank struck the deal with the US mortgage regulator. JP Morgan is
:00:47. > :00:48.still tried to settle with the Justice Department over similar
:00:49. > :00:53.claims. Italian coastguard said more than
:00:54. > :00:57.700 migrants have been rescued near Sicily in the past 44 hours. It was
:00:58. > :01:01.part of the enhanced patrols that year the European Union started up
:01:02. > :01:10.to 300 migrants died when their ship sank off the Italian coast earlier
:01:11. > :01:41.this month. Now on BBC News, it is time for
:01:42. > :01:46.Click. Welcome to Click. Welcome to one of
:01:47. > :01:50.the most famous skylines on the planet. This week, we are on a tiny
:01:51. > :01:56.island that is having an enormous impact. It may hardly show up on the
:01:57. > :02:00.map, but the country punches well up its weight. This is Singapore. We
:02:01. > :02:04.will be passing the fake border control and taking a peek at the
:02:05. > :02:08.secrets behind your credit cards, all in the name of touch less
:02:09. > :02:14.technology. We will journey whitespace, to take `` test a
:02:15. > :02:18.project promising to bring Wi`Fi to everyone. And we will check out some
:02:19. > :02:23.singularly Singaporean research, including a low`cost way to turn
:02:24. > :02:26.your television into a touchscreen, and a lavatory that recycles
:02:27. > :02:32.everything, and I mean everything. All that plus the latest news, and a
:02:33. > :02:40.way to go sightseeing from the comfort of your own home in
:02:41. > :02:44.Webscape. Time for Click to blast off from New
:02:45. > :02:51.Broadcasting House in London and had 6000 miles south`east. We are off to
:02:52. > :02:56.a citystate that is home to 5.5 million people. It is only 70 miles
:02:57. > :03:09.wide and only 85 miles north of the equator, and it wants to put itself
:03:10. > :03:12.at the centre of everything. Singapore has always positioned
:03:13. > :03:18.itself as a hub, a meeting place for East and West. As far as progress is
:03:19. > :03:22.concerned, being physically small does have its advantages. When you
:03:23. > :03:25.are not covering a large area, rolling out new technologies such as
:03:26. > :03:31.four G can happen very quickly and easily. Connecting up the new
:03:32. > :03:36.high`speed, 1 gigabit per second broadband service is certainly made
:03:37. > :03:44.easier when 80% of Singaporeans live in high`rise public housing such as
:03:45. > :03:50.this. Welcome aboard the Singapore Flyer, the largest observation wheel
:03:51. > :03:56.in the world. From the top of the ride, 165 metres up, Singapore does
:03:57. > :04:00.look like tiny. The city does not serve much bustle as harm with
:04:01. > :04:05.activity, like inefficient machine. It is part of a drive that has
:04:06. > :04:09.happened in the last couple of decades, which has created one of
:04:10. > :04:13.the highest standards of living in the world, and a population where
:04:14. > :04:19.nine out of ten people have a smart phone. They are certainly used to
:04:20. > :04:26.having the best, first. We only have so much new technology. Today a lot
:04:27. > :04:32.of new products turn up on the same day as the US, or South Korea or
:04:33. > :04:36.Japan. It is not just the roads and dated networks which seem to work
:04:37. > :04:39.well, its small size and compactness and means that this is the ideal
:04:40. > :04:48.place to while out a nationwide network which larger countries have
:04:49. > :04:53.so far failed to do. It is a network that lets you do stuff just by
:04:54. > :04:57.touching one device to an upper. It is called NFC, near Field
:04:58. > :05:02.communication. We have seen this quite a few times on Click, but the
:05:03. > :05:07.tech is not quite come in enough for everyone to get on board. `` common.
:05:08. > :05:16.Would Singapore be the place where NFC does make it into the
:05:17. > :05:20.mainstream? What they have done is grouping a group of players in the
:05:21. > :05:25.ecosystem to come together to roll out services. It helps to cut out
:05:26. > :05:30.the deployment time and development time. After all, your smart phone is
:05:31. > :05:35.something that you keep on your person most of the time, and at this
:05:36. > :05:44.NFC showroom, they are demonstrating other applications. Once you are in,
:05:45. > :05:51.the same phone can be used to pass on and receive information using
:05:52. > :05:56.NFC. Touch it to a poster, and you receive promotional vouchers to use
:05:57. > :06:00.while you are shopping. Touch the smart poster, I want a ten kilo bag
:06:01. > :06:08.of rice and I wanted delivered to the house, that is something you can
:06:09. > :06:13.choose to do as a convenience. But sometimes your smart phone alone is
:06:14. > :06:17.not enough. Which is why some passports are already fitted with
:06:18. > :06:20.NFC chips. Couple this with fingerprint scanning to check that
:06:21. > :06:24.the handholding the passport matches the hand stored within it, and this
:06:25. > :06:31.is how we could be passing through airports the future. NFC is ready a
:06:32. > :06:35.way of life in Singapore. You may not have considered how these cards
:06:36. > :06:39.are made, but since hundreds of millions of them are made Singapore
:06:40. > :06:47.every year, it would be rude not to take a look. It is tempting to think
:06:48. > :06:51.of your credit card as a simple piece of plastic, but there are
:06:52. > :06:56.quite a few components that are tightly pressed together. The
:06:57. > :06:59.process happens in what is a pretty confidential procedure. This place
:07:00. > :07:05.is so secretive that visitors are asked not to touch anything and to
:07:06. > :07:16.not to come in with bags, mobile phones, data devices or cameras. Of
:07:17. > :07:20.course, it is confidential for a reason. You do not want any one
:07:21. > :07:24.comprising any stage of the production process, whether it is
:07:25. > :07:29.the embedding of the chip, the choosing of the colour or even the
:07:30. > :07:34.transparency of the plastic. One of the layers inside this card is a
:07:35. > :07:38.thin, copper spiral. This is the antenna, and when you connect it to
:07:39. > :07:47.the chip in the card, it gives it its NFC properties. Of course, it
:07:48. > :07:52.goes without saying, that you can pay for your taxi ride using your
:07:53. > :07:56.NFC enabled smart phone as well. But getting NFC to work in Singapore or
:07:57. > :08:00.anywhere is not just about getting the infrastructure right, it is
:08:01. > :08:04.about persuading people that it will make their lives easier. Talking of
:08:05. > :08:09.an easy life, LJ Rich has found somewhere a little bit more relaxing
:08:10. > :08:13.than this, to check out another type of future network, something called
:08:14. > :08:18.whitespace. I am somewhere very relaxing. This
:08:19. > :08:22.is guidance by the bay. I am here for a reason. That is all about
:08:23. > :08:31.being connect dead in a public place. `` connected. This guidance
:08:32. > :08:36.did not exist six years ago. They were built on we claimed land. ``
:08:37. > :08:42.origins. A tranquil break from the frantic financial hub a few miles
:08:43. > :08:46.away. Futuristic structures known as super trees quietly harness solar
:08:47. > :08:56.power, so they can light themselves up at night. But there is something
:08:57. > :08:59.amiss in paradise. Tourists wishing to tweet about their adventures are
:09:00. > :09:03.out of luck, unless they have brought their own mobile data
:09:04. > :09:06.connection, because as any traveller knows, there is rarely free internet
:09:07. > :09:14.access went straight in from a home network. But this went to live just
:09:15. > :09:18.a few weeks ago as a trial area for Singapore's super Wi`Fi whitespace
:09:19. > :09:24.programme, the idea is to eventually roll out free public Wi`Fi across
:09:25. > :09:28.the city. We have seen whitespace before on Click. It is the name for
:09:29. > :09:35.a wireless network made available when old frequencies are repurposed
:09:36. > :09:41.to carry data. With so many people online, traditional wireless
:09:42. > :09:45.networks are getting congested. You are talking about just coverage,
:09:46. > :09:52.that is in the order of 400 base stations which will be able to cover
:09:53. > :09:55.the whole Singapore Island. If you need a certain capacity in certain
:09:56. > :10:03.areas, you probably have to plan more base stations. Those whitespace
:10:04. > :10:07.antennas pick up the raw internet signal, then it is converted to a
:10:08. > :10:12.frequency that our smartphones will be able to use. You have to register
:10:13. > :10:14.before you can use the service, but the countrywide roll`out is
:10:15. > :10:18.scheduled for completion in two years, hopefully someone will have
:10:19. > :10:26.sorted out our smartphones that Reliance by them.
:10:27. > :10:35.`` battery life. LJ is back in a minute. We are
:10:36. > :10:38.coming back to Singapore. Facebook has rued a videotape of a
:10:39. > :10:42.woman being decapitated from the social media network, and issued in
:10:43. > :10:48.your rules on what can be shared on the site. The U`turn came after the
:10:49. > :10:53.BBC revealed that Facebook dropped a ban on extremely violent videos and
:10:54. > :10:57.images. Facebook says it will allow some graphic content, but will take
:10:58. > :11:01.a closer look at this context. Google says it wants to protect news
:11:02. > :11:06.organisations and human rights groups from cyber attacks, with its
:11:07. > :11:10.new Project Shield. The software aims to protect sites wriggly
:11:11. > :11:16.subject to politically motivated distributed denial of service, or
:11:17. > :11:23.DDOS attacks. It also revealed a proxy feature designed to bypass
:11:24. > :11:28.government surveillance software. Apple has unveiled the next
:11:29. > :11:30.generation iPad, the fifth`generation Air is a third
:11:31. > :11:37.lighter and 20% thinner than the previous version. The iPad mini now
:11:38. > :11:44.has what Apple calls a retina display, offering higher resolution
:11:45. > :11:48.than its predecessor. A raft of upgraded laptops are predictably
:11:49. > :11:52.thinner and faster, and there is another update to the Mac operating
:11:53. > :11:57.system, Mavericks is now available at no charge. Microsoft has released
:11:58. > :12:02.two new surface tablets with updates to its Windows OS, and Nokia has
:12:03. > :12:08.revealed three new mobile devices, including its first tablet, dealer
:12:09. > :12:12.meow 2520. After Microsoft decided to buy the finished out of it, it is
:12:13. > :12:21.no surprise in they also run the Windows operating system. You can
:12:22. > :12:30.decide what you want in all out of focus, after the shot has been
:12:31. > :12:35.taken. As you know, there are more millionaires per head in Singapore
:12:36. > :12:39.than any other country on earth. That is the financial district of
:12:40. > :12:49.the country. But it is not all about making money. There is a flourishing
:12:50. > :12:53.academic scene as well. This is Nanyang technological
:12:54. > :12:58.University, and it is full of laboratories. Inside its impressive
:12:59. > :13:01.architecture, there is some equally impressive thinking going on. How do
:13:02. > :13:09.you find the research that is really going to change lives? This is the
:13:10. > :13:14.place that developed a real invisibility cloak, which may be a
:13:15. > :13:17.bit of a niche, but some trends, specifically take that can change
:13:18. > :13:23.how we behave, are quite easy to spot. What do you have first? We
:13:24. > :13:28.have sitting in traffic. It is part of driving in this densely packed
:13:29. > :13:33.island. So the strappy prediction project takes GPS data from large
:13:34. > :13:38.taxi companies and use it to predict where things get bunged up. As
:13:39. > :13:43.traffic gets heavier, this conventional data analysis starts to
:13:44. > :13:48.fall apart. Cars driving closely together start to behave more like a
:13:49. > :13:52.liquid, the roads are like pipes, so the programme switches to a physics
:13:53. > :13:57.`based model, using fluid dynamics. If you look at the top, it is coming
:13:58. > :14:03.up to rush`hour, and predictably we have got lots of red bits. They mean
:14:04. > :14:08.that traffic is moving between ten and 30 km/h, that is, quite slowly.
:14:09. > :14:13.At the bottom, the prediction and run, and it is showing how accurate
:14:14. > :14:20.the prediction data is. Lots of blooming is pretty good. Like the
:14:21. > :14:24.weather, the further into the future you predict, the less accurate the
:14:25. > :14:28.result. For a big city, you will need a lot more sensors, and you
:14:29. > :14:37.probably have to break the city down into small areas. Efficiency is
:14:38. > :14:43.important, especially in a place like Singapore. As well as traffic
:14:44. > :14:47.issues, this place's compact nature has brought other environmental
:14:48. > :14:52.issues to the fall. It is to save energy, reduce waste and save water,
:14:53. > :14:57.most of which is currently imported from Malaysia. One team has a grand
:14:58. > :15:01.plan to make our towns more sustainable, by creating localised
:15:02. > :15:06.waste treatment centres, which take all forms of waste from nearby
:15:07. > :15:08.housing, and converted into energy. And that is why I find myself
:15:09. > :15:17.staring down the toilet. Researchers have found that pretty
:15:18. > :15:21.much everything that goes down he can be turned into something useful.
:15:22. > :15:24.The process works best if you can keep solid and liquid separate,
:15:25. > :15:32.hence, this is being done in not exclude. It is divided into
:15:33. > :15:42.sections, to keep one away from, well, two. It is combined with food
:15:43. > :15:48.waste to make biogas, which can be used for cooking. This is used to
:15:49. > :15:54.grow microalgae, that is the green stuff, which produces bio diesel.
:15:55. > :15:59.So, only one question remains. How would we take to wait to let that
:16:00. > :16:06.requires, shall we say, a little more discipline? Well, the first one
:16:07. > :16:20.has been installed in the university itself. So, it is time for me to try
:16:21. > :16:27.it out. Just, am, give me a few minutes, would you?
:16:28. > :16:33.While Spencer is otherwise occupied, here is something that could convert
:16:34. > :16:36.any surface into a touchscreen. Tapping on a board, in this case
:16:37. > :16:44.made of wood or aluminium, sends a signal to this attached town sensor.
:16:45. > :16:48.Placing more than one sensor on a flat object, makes it possible to
:16:49. > :16:50.work out where it has been tapped, it was the sound take slightly
:16:51. > :16:57.longer to reach the centre further away. That is the thinking behind a
:16:58. > :17:01.low`cost touch surface. Fast forward two years from the boards, and you
:17:02. > :17:06.have a working prototype. Instead of 1 cent, have 12. It is fired along
:17:07. > :17:13.the top, find along the bottom, and one along the top. 12 sensors
:17:14. > :17:16.mounted around the glass, make foray sensitive touchscreen. There are a
:17:17. > :17:22.couple of real issues. First, in order for this to work, you have to
:17:23. > :17:28.make an audible noise. Secondly, if you want to do swiping, you are
:17:29. > :17:32.going to need some of these. Together with the cameras on the
:17:33. > :17:36.top, this kind of works. I know there are many other products that
:17:37. > :17:39.let you use touch and gesture to communicate with them, but this one
:17:40. > :17:43.has the advantage of being very affordable. Now, the thing about
:17:44. > :17:48.this system is not that it can do all of these things, but it can do
:17:49. > :17:52.them at incredibly low cost. For example, this 12 sensors here, plus
:17:53. > :17:58.the camera, plus the glass, currently is coming in at around 100
:17:59. > :18:03.Singapore dollars, that is around 75 US dollars, or ?50. Real`life
:18:04. > :18:09.applications could include making a cheap, interactive whiteboard for
:18:10. > :18:11.schools. It will take another 18 months before this contraption is
:18:12. > :18:17.streamlined enough to hit the mainstream. Now, Spencer is back
:18:18. > :18:21.with a panda. These days we are sending more and more data around
:18:22. > :18:33.our homes, whether it is syncing files between machines, or streaming
:18:34. > :18:40.visitors like kung fu and. It is or is easier to do that wirelessly, but
:18:41. > :18:48.wireless is prone to break up and interference. That is why this team
:18:49. > :18:57.have developed something called next`generation wireless. This is
:18:58. > :19:03.being sent over a system that has between two and six gigabits. That
:19:04. > :19:08.is enough to stream a high`definition video. This has the
:19:09. > :19:12.technology up to a range of eight metres at the moment, so the
:19:13. > :19:16.transmitter sending this video feed is down there at the end of the
:19:17. > :19:20.hall. Another restriction is that this system is line of sight. It is
:19:21. > :19:23.extremely directional, meaning you have to point the transmitter at the
:19:24. > :19:28.receiver for it to work. If anything thicker than a piece of paper breaks
:19:29. > :19:32.the beam, the signal is lost and the panda freezes, as you can see. The
:19:33. > :19:35.team are hoping to get around that problem by helping the signal to get
:19:36. > :19:41.around the problem, by bouncing it for wall on for example. In the
:19:42. > :19:44.future, they hope to get the range of high enough so that you can send
:19:45. > :19:49.data on building to building, creating a kind of mesh network over
:19:50. > :19:56.part of the city. They think that version of the technology might be
:19:57. > :20:02.ready within the next year. Well in time for Kung Fu Panda three. Let's
:20:03. > :20:10.find out what Kate Russell has in store for us this week.
:20:11. > :20:16.Being an environmentally concerned member of the Click team, I am quite
:20:17. > :20:19.happy not to be piling on the air miles, jetting off to shows and
:20:20. > :20:25.exhibitions cross the world, especially when I can enjoy all the
:20:26. > :20:37.sites in full 360 degrees glory with the new out from 360 cities. This
:20:38. > :20:43.amazing app turns your mobile device into a 360 degrees window into the
:20:44. > :20:47.world, using the gyroscope to let you spin your viewpoint around for
:20:48. > :20:56.some of the most stunning landscapes on the planet. Who needs a trip to
:20:57. > :20:58.Singapore anyway? It is not free, but just ?1 50 seems pretty good
:20:59. > :21:04.value for such a powerful image tool. There are thousands of
:21:05. > :21:09.visitors to explore, browsing by popular, recent or local images
:21:10. > :21:19.posted by other users. You can also make your own, with a simple point
:21:20. > :21:23.and turn function. If you are the kind of person that
:21:24. > :21:26.wakes up in the morning and reaches for your smart phone to check what
:21:27. > :21:34.is happening in the world, you are going to love this kind of 360,
:21:35. > :21:38.News360.com. Connect it to all of your main accounts, and it analyses
:21:39. > :21:47.what you like so it can feed the latest stories straight to your
:21:48. > :21:51.timeline. Social networks are grey way of news on topics that interest
:21:52. > :21:57.you and your friends, but you don't always want to get drawn into the
:21:58. > :22:05.general chitchat. This is a perfect solution, as you only see links to
:22:06. > :22:08.publish articles in subjects that you have expressed an interest in.
:22:09. > :22:12.You can fine tune the categories that appear in your feed, and over
:22:13. > :22:17.time, the get more about what interests you buy clicking like at
:22:18. > :22:25.appropriate moments. You can also download the chrome plug`in, or free
:22:26. > :22:44.apps for Android, Apple or Windows seven or eight. TEDed My name is.
:22:45. > :22:50.This allows you to turn any video into a complete lessons, with
:22:51. > :23:03.resources links and discussion topics to engage students in the
:23:04. > :23:10.lessons in held by the videos. TED has been around for several years,
:23:11. > :23:13.bringing together people who are leaders in their fields. It has
:23:14. > :23:17.become synonymous with world changing ideas. This education
:23:18. > :23:24.initiative sits perfectly inside that idea. Anyone can visit the site
:23:25. > :23:32.and enjoy lessons already posted by the community, either by subject, or
:23:33. > :23:35.just delving into the users. You are never too old to learn something
:23:36. > :23:45.new, and this is a totally inspiring place to start. What if someone
:23:46. > :23:52.thinks I'm awful, or an idiot. This is the fight or flight response.
:23:53. > :24:01.Blackberry has been struggling for some time now, last month laying off
:24:02. > :24:05.4.5 thousand staff. Despite these trying times, there are still a lot
:24:06. > :24:15.of fans of the chat client, BBM, which at its height claimed over
:24:16. > :24:20.75,000 active users. That has shrunk since enthusiasm has waned, but
:24:21. > :24:25.there could be a revival, at least for the Instant Messenger. There is
:24:26. > :24:29.a lot to love in this act, including live status updates, group
:24:30. > :24:31.messaging, and privacy options that means you don't have to share your
:24:32. > :24:36.personal details with everyone you connect to. What is not to love, is
:24:37. > :24:40.that you will have to put your name down in a queue to have your account
:24:41. > :24:45.activated, as more than a million people are reportedly waiting to
:24:46. > :24:53.start chatting cross`platform on BBM.
:24:54. > :24:58.If you missed any of those links, you will find them all at our
:24:59. > :25:10.website. If you would like to contribute to a future web scape,
:25:11. > :25:13.get in touch. That is it for this Singapore special, I hope you
:25:14. > :25:35.enjoyed it. See you next time. We wouldn't normally start our look
:25:36. > :25:40.at the weather by jumping 48 hours ahead, but then the prospects for
:25:41. > :25:42.late Sunday morning into Monday are quite far from normal for the
:25:43. > :25:44.British arms. The Met