0:00:00 > 0:00:02Now on BBC News, it's time for Click.
0:00:09 > 0:00:15This week, spotting fake news and debunking the people in power.
0:00:15 > 0:00:21Wondering if the ruins. And something wicked this week comes.
0:00:44 > 0:00:48Going into space has long been the dream of many a sci-fi fan and for
0:00:48 > 0:00:54one BBC presenter that dream is about to come true. In a world first
0:00:54 > 0:00:58for the broadcast industry, Spencer Kelly, who fronts the BBC technology
0:00:58 > 0:01:02programme Click, has been accepted by NASA to visit and report from
0:01:02 > 0:01:06International Space Station. During his stay onboard he will present
0:01:06 > 0:01:11several episodes of Click. He says he has always harboured ambitions to
0:01:11 > 0:01:14leave planet Earth and will test how the latest technology performs in
0:01:14 > 0:01:19zero gravity. He says he looking forward to the months of training
0:01:19 > 0:01:24ahead of him.That's not true. I'm so sorry. That shouldn't be on the
0:01:24 > 0:01:30autocue. That's my Christmas fantasy list.That's fake news! We are
0:01:30 > 0:01:35fighting the fake news. It's fake, phoney.The fake media tried to
0:01:35 > 0:01:40stop... Everyone is using the term these days. The problem is it now
0:01:40 > 0:01:43seems to mean anything from actual lives to something you simply don't
0:01:43 > 0:01:48agree with. And the technology world is anguishing over how to use taught
0:01:48 > 0:01:54that from fiction. From opinion, from satire, from highly skewed and
0:01:54 > 0:02:00misleading headlines... As a result, fact checking organisations are now
0:02:00 > 0:02:05working to counter the fake news of that. The first draft coalition
0:02:05 > 0:02:10operates around the world and in Germany it is working alongside
0:02:10 > 0:02:16journalists from a group to help improve online transparency. In the
0:02:16 > 0:02:23run-up to the recent election here they published a daily news --
0:02:23 > 0:02:26newsletter, looking at Storey suspected to be false or misleading.
0:02:26 > 0:02:35You look at an incident. Is what is being claimed in the captions
0:02:35 > 0:02:40descriptions what is actually being insinuated? One which showed a
0:02:40 > 0:02:45couple of maybe not traditional northern European skinhead guys
0:02:45 > 0:02:51waving passports. This was claimed to be smug immigrants tramping all
0:02:51 > 0:02:56over German people's feelings.The tweets said they were insulting
0:02:56 > 0:03:01local Germans and provoking them. Using simple tools such as reverse
0:03:01 > 0:03:04image searches to verify the original sources of videos and in
0:03:04 > 0:03:09this case a facility called watch frame by frame, journalists were
0:03:09 > 0:03:16able to identify the street name. The thing that helped me if there is
0:03:16 > 0:03:24a police officer walking through the video, back year.After locating the
0:03:24 > 0:03:27police court in question they were able to get an eyewitness account of
0:03:27 > 0:03:33what happened, not just in front of the camera but also behind.Actually
0:03:33 > 0:03:39we discovered that behind the camera there are like 100 people insulting
0:03:39 > 0:03:43these three to four guys in the first place.They were if anything
0:03:43 > 0:03:51just reacting.Another story debunked by the group involved what
0:03:51 > 0:03:57looked like a number of Muslims standing at a bus stop.The headline
0:03:57 > 0:04:02was, this is how Islamic society or an Islamic stick society would look
0:04:02 > 0:04:09like or does look like and we are heading to this.We are taking a
0:04:09 > 0:04:15closer look at this... Narrowing down where buses met, journalists
0:04:15 > 0:04:21were able to pinpoint the spot and the fact that the group had just
0:04:21 > 0:04:25come out of a Christian church.They confirmed that they were refugees
0:04:25 > 0:04:29and they know the guys in the BDO and they were just coming back from
0:04:29 > 0:04:35a baptism and they were trying to celebrate the baptism and were just
0:04:35 > 0:04:44heading for lunch.So this was really misleading information and
0:04:44 > 0:04:47trying to manipulate people and make them worried about whether we are
0:04:47 > 0:04:53overruled by other cultures.The problem is that anything can look
0:04:53 > 0:04:56believable when it is published online. And there is an ongoing
0:04:56 > 0:04:59debate about whether the platforms on which the stories are published
0:04:59 > 0:05:05should be the ones to police them. Making sure that quality content and
0:05:05 > 0:05:12quality journalism is on top is a big mission. So that's why we work
0:05:12 > 0:05:16very closely with fact checking organisations and media
0:05:16 > 0:05:21organisations around the world. Just a couple of months ago we changed
0:05:21 > 0:05:27our ads policy around misleading news websites.The ends are fighting
0:05:27 > 0:05:32the rising tide of fake news, one thing is for certain. Ultimately we
0:05:32 > 0:05:39are going to need an automated fact checking system. Back in the UK, a
0:05:39 > 0:05:45stones throw from Westminster lies full fact. This is an organisation
0:05:45 > 0:05:49that first came to the public attention around the time of the EU
0:05:49 > 0:05:52referendum. These guys have some pretty interesting fact checking
0:05:52 > 0:05:58tools. In this session of Prime Minister's Questions, the group is
0:05:58 > 0:06:02verifying claims using a mixture of manual and automated fact checking.
0:06:02 > 0:06:07One of the automated tools being developed looks at the trends behind
0:06:07 > 0:06:13a claim such as where and how many times any statement was repeated.
0:06:13 > 0:06:18Another tool will take text from TV subtitles and check it off in real
0:06:18 > 0:06:22time against reliable databases, such as the office of national
0:06:22 > 0:06:28statistics. Using a combination of AI and machine learning, the
0:06:28 > 0:06:33algorithm will perform calculations and check facts with primary
0:06:33 > 0:06:36sources. Eventually it could be used in a scenario such as this.There
0:06:36 > 0:06:43are 10,000 more training places available for nurses in the NHS, but
0:06:43 > 0:06:47the right honourable gentleman... That's not right. That's an ambition
0:06:47 > 0:06:52for 2020 it is currently not true. How cool would it be to debunk
0:06:52 > 0:06:55claims like that on the spot? At the system would be able to challenge
0:06:55 > 0:06:59more subtle claims with lots of caveats, such as the statement of
0:06:59 > 0:07:04the NHS is in crisis. Nor will it provide simple yes and no answers.
0:07:04 > 0:07:18GDP is rising. It's kind of like shazam full-backs. -- for facts. The
0:07:18 > 0:07:23tool that I most excited about is the text checking. When somebody is
0:07:23 > 0:07:28talking live and it takes you in real time to the primary sources. So
0:07:28 > 0:07:32if a journalist is in a press conference or if they are
0:07:32 > 0:07:36interviewing someone, they can see straightaway if there is something
0:07:36 > 0:07:40that the person in front of them has said is true or false, which is
0:07:40 > 0:07:44particularly cool.I so want that. Have you used it? I haven't used it
0:07:44 > 0:07:50in anger yet.When will it be ready? It's ready now, but it can only do
0:07:50 > 0:07:54one sentence at a time.You think public figures will have to change
0:07:54 > 0:07:59the way they behave?There's no debate that can happen eventually
0:07:59 > 0:08:04without hitting on numbers and its port and they are correct and aren't
0:08:04 > 0:08:07being neglected. That's the place we are starting from in the world we
0:08:07 > 0:08:11want to create. From fakery of news to fakery of
0:08:11 > 0:08:18images now. That's not exactly the spin that Adobe would like us to put
0:08:18 > 0:08:25on the way its products are used, but at an event in Las Vegas it has
0:08:25 > 0:08:28just unveiled some pretty nifty tools to do just that. We sent
0:08:28 > 0:08:35Richard Taylor along to have a look. 12,000 creatives under one roof, all
0:08:35 > 0:08:39geared up to find out what's next from the up that literally invented
0:08:39 > 0:08:46photo shopping. The arms are, AI as we've never known it before. -- the
0:08:46 > 0:08:51answer. Take this image of Denver where an entire neighbourhood is
0:08:51 > 0:08:55expunged in a flash and replaced with something more aesthetically
0:08:55 > 0:08:58pleasing, instead of just trying to fill in the area with surrounding
0:08:58 > 0:09:04pixels the software can now extract meaning from the image and make a
0:09:04 > 0:09:07substitute from its library of 100 million others. A similar principle
0:09:07 > 0:09:13is at play here. The plaster now intelligently removed as the
0:09:13 > 0:09:16software can understand the protrusion in the middle of
0:09:16 > 0:09:20someone's face as a nose. And see you want to remove something or
0:09:20 > 0:09:23someone from a video. Right now you could try it frame by painstaking
0:09:23 > 0:09:29frame. The chance is the result would look crude. But this demo is
0:09:29 > 0:09:34real. A research product we may see in a future version of Adobe's
0:09:34 > 0:09:39Redox. In this era of fake news the invocations of being able to easily
0:09:39 > 0:09:42fool your audience are of course potentially troublesome, but Adobe
0:09:42 > 0:09:48is more interested in the creative potential.We are trying to
0:09:48 > 0:09:51reimagine the entire creative process so you can create the way
0:09:51 > 0:09:56you want. Machines can see patterns and possibilities that we may not be
0:09:56 > 0:10:01able to see immediately.Adobe says AIA should allow creatives more time
0:10:01 > 0:10:07for artistic expression and to be creative rather than doing boring
0:10:07 > 0:10:12and repetitive tasks. -- AI. They say the creative process should be
0:10:12 > 0:10:15more efficient and AI can potentially even second-guess our
0:10:15 > 0:10:22next moves. To illustrate, check out this photo shop at a type which has
0:10:22 > 0:10:26Adobe's gritty creative resistance built in.Find some images based on
0:10:26 > 0:10:32my sketch.And within seconds, others Sapir based on your very
0:10:32 > 0:10:35rough sketch of a woman in a spaceship. What you might we
0:10:35 > 0:10:40thinking all of this is pretty similar to the AI used by Google and
0:10:40 > 0:10:46Apple.We have decades and decades of understanding of how people use
0:10:46 > 0:10:51our tools. When one of the best creative artists launches photo shop
0:10:51 > 0:10:54and they know what's creatively pleasing and aesthetically pleasing,
0:10:54 > 0:10:59we are learning from that. So we are not training on just images of cats
0:10:59 > 0:11:04or dogs, we are training with the world's best people.I'm certainly
0:11:04 > 0:11:08impressed at how the AIA could for example take an image of me and
0:11:08 > 0:11:15within seconds returned matches and then further refine them. -- AI. The
0:11:15 > 0:11:19TEC also understands 3D, you don't have to be another is the do
0:11:19 > 0:11:23understand it. Few people would argue AI is fantastic in terms of
0:11:23 > 0:11:28creating efficiencies, at overreliance on our machines instead
0:11:28 > 0:11:32of amplifying the creative process could eventually end up supplanting
0:11:32 > 0:11:37it.I actually don't think so. Creatives are distracted by all of
0:11:37 > 0:11:45the things that take multiple steps, make them suddenly moved out of a
0:11:45 > 0:11:50right brain mode into a procedural left brain mode. I think AI and are
0:11:50 > 0:11:55being this news at the elbow.And that's the prevailing view amongst
0:11:55 > 0:12:01creatives here, keen to embrace the possibilities of an AI world.
0:12:07 > 0:12:11Welcome to the week in TEC. It was the week that the Hawaiian city of
0:12:11 > 0:12:15Honolulu began fining people might $9 for paying too much attention to
0:12:15 > 0:12:19their smartphone while crossing the road. Microsoft announced it has
0:12:19 > 0:12:25stopped manufacturing its motion sensing controller. And Japanese
0:12:25 > 0:12:29company Toyota showed up a concept car with the airbags on the outside
0:12:29 > 0:12:35in Tokyo. Meanwhile, Nissan revealed the artificially created noise its
0:12:35 > 0:12:39electric cars will permit. US authorities are insisting all hybrid
0:12:39 > 0:12:44and electric cars will have to emit sound for safety reasons. Amazon now
0:12:44 > 0:12:48wants to enter its customers homes when making deliveries. The system
0:12:48 > 0:12:54is called Amazon Key. Trustworthy types who sign up will allow
0:12:54 > 0:12:58deliveries to be left inside their homes. Suspicious people will be
0:12:58 > 0:13:03able to view the delivery on a smart camera that they've left at home.
0:13:03 > 0:13:08What could possibly go wrong? And creepy or cute? You decide. Sony has
0:13:08 > 0:13:12developed a new winking robot assistants. The robot communicate
0:13:12 > 0:13:19with users using endearing gestures. It is hoping the cuteness will
0:13:19 > 0:13:24challenge Amazon's Echo range. And researchers at Harvard have
0:13:24 > 0:13:28developed a tiny robot that can swim and flight. It is flapping wings
0:13:28 > 0:13:34argues to propel it around when it is underwater. The creators hope one
0:13:34 > 0:13:39day similar technology could be used in search and rescue robots.
0:13:42 > 0:13:50This is art in the 21st-century. Trust me, it is.
0:13:50 > 0:13:56And it actually looks and sounds great when you are standing in the
0:13:56 > 0:14:01middle. I'm thinking it has a specific sound. The buzzing sound is
0:14:01 > 0:14:06the electric current that lights the LED is and it is being translated
0:14:06 > 0:14:10into a kind of compositional concert. It's got its own groove to
0:14:10 > 0:14:15it. I like it. This week I'm wandering the halls of a brand-new
0:14:15 > 0:14:21installation in the heart of London. It's called Everything At Once. And
0:14:21 > 0:14:24if it doesn't actually have everything, it certainly has a lot.
0:14:24 > 0:14:28It's a mixture of dynamic works like the black pot and static pieces by
0:14:28 > 0:14:36renowned artists like Ai Weiwei and a niche Cabu. There are also
0:14:36 > 0:14:46faceless voices describing their near death experiences. -- Anish
0:14:46 > 0:14:49Kapoor.I was in hospital and my heart stopped beating.The
0:14:49 > 0:14:53centrepiece of the exhibition is even more unsettling. I'm about to
0:14:53 > 0:14:58be subjected to intensely fast flashing images. Now, if you'd
0:14:58 > 0:15:02rather not see them, please look away now and come back in a couple
0:15:02 > 0:15:08of minutes. Because I'm about to walk through and in test pattern
0:15:08 > 0:15:18number 12. It's by a Japanese electric artist. The experiences
0:15:18 > 0:15:23overwhelming. The video moves that more than 100 frames a second and in
0:15:23 > 0:15:27fact we've had to doctor our footage in order to be allowed to show it on
0:15:27 > 0:15:36TV. The video frame rate is so high that the black and light is
0:15:36 > 0:15:41flickering incredibly fast. I can actually see colours in between the
0:15:41 > 0:15:46black and light, they're moving so fast, there's greys, I'm starting to
0:15:46 > 0:15:50see yellow and red, maybe that's just because my eyes are exploding,
0:15:50 > 0:15:56I don't know. Ikeda has taken digital files and broken them down
0:15:56 > 0:16:00into their native zeros and ones. It's these binary patterns that are
0:16:00 > 0:16:06then blasted onto the viewer. After that, time for a drink in a
0:16:06 > 0:16:11nightclub called Ruin. Only it looks like I've arrived after the after
0:16:11 > 0:16:16party. Now, earlier we were looking at
0:16:16 > 0:16:21attempts to combat fake news and so often these days that means the US
0:16:21 > 0:16:25elections, Russia and the like. But it's actually a problem all around
0:16:25 > 0:16:28the world in different ways. David Reid has been looking at the
0:16:28 > 0:16:36particular issues in India. This summer mob violence in the
0:16:36 > 0:16:41eastern state of dark and was sparked by a rumour on WhatsApp that
0:16:41 > 0:16:47child abductors were targeting a tribal community. The story wasn't
0:16:47 > 0:16:51true but still seven people died in violence. It doesn't take much here
0:16:51 > 0:16:56for long simmering conflicts to boil over and fake news like this can be
0:16:56 > 0:17:04just the trigger for it. Stories like these are very powerful and can
0:17:04 > 0:17:08potentially threaten India's often temperatures communal relations. So
0:17:08 > 0:17:12much so that now even the police are getting involved in tackling fake
0:17:12 > 0:17:20news. I visited one of the country's mein
0:17:20 > 0:17:24cyber crime units in Hyderabad, the capital of the southern state of
0:17:24 > 0:17:28telling Ghana. Here cyber cops are worried about the threat to law and
0:17:28 > 0:17:34order by fake stories with the potential to spark riots. Police
0:17:34 > 0:17:40here in best false and inflammatory stories, try to get them taken down
0:17:40 > 0:17:45and then attempt to prosecute those producing them, but much of India's
0:17:45 > 0:17:49fake news is spread through the mobile communication platform
0:17:49 > 0:17:55WhatsApp and because it's encrypted, for police here it's a wall.It
0:17:55 > 0:18:00appears to be a communication problem with WhatsApp, we try with
0:18:00 > 0:18:04WhatsApp and they say it's not a messaging facility. We need a date
0:18:04 > 0:18:10and time stamp to prove a case, so that's also not there.
0:18:10 > 0:18:14Something like 200 meal and people in India use WhatsApp. For some the
0:18:14 > 0:18:19story shared on the platform are there only or main source of news.
0:18:19 > 0:18:26If the police are hitting a road black tarmac block with WhatsApp's
0:18:26 > 0:18:30end to end encryption, others are trying to utilise fake stories by
0:18:30 > 0:18:36debunking them. This man is based in Gujarat. This website out News roots
0:18:36 > 0:18:41out and reveals what's wrong on the web.My guess is it often starts on
0:18:41 > 0:18:45WhatsApp because those who put it on WhatsApp know it's difficult to
0:18:45 > 0:18:49track them down. The people who circulate these videos, they are
0:18:49 > 0:18:57very well aware that it's a fake video. There's no doubt.Videos like
0:18:57 > 0:19:01this one purported to show a woman being killed in India by a Muslim
0:19:01 > 0:19:05mob.It's one of the most grotesque, stomach churning videos you will
0:19:05 > 0:19:09see.But the harrowing incident it the Picts actually took place in
0:19:09 > 0:19:17central America.This video was easy to debunk. For a lot of videos what
0:19:17 > 0:19:21we do is break it up into friends, we use Google reverse image search
0:19:21 > 0:19:29and the first Google result is that of this girl who was killed in
0:19:29 > 0:19:32Guatemala. She was accused of being an accomplice in a murder, she got
0:19:32 > 0:19:37caught in a mob and she died.And yet many who saw the video took its
0:19:37 > 0:19:42claims to be true. The reason is that in India hundreds of millions
0:19:42 > 0:19:46are encountering the Internet for the first time and they lack the
0:19:46 > 0:19:53media literacy to assess if the news is actually true.We have more than
0:19:53 > 0:20:00400 million mobile Internet users. 50% of them are using WhatsApp.
0:20:00 > 0:20:04WhatsApp is the main medium for promoting the fake news. But how
0:20:04 > 0:20:11many people are aware of the stuff they are forwarding weather it is
0:20:11 > 0:20:15true or not and weather it's a problem or not, we are not equipped
0:20:15 > 0:20:20to deal with that and this is an epidemic like situation.It's still
0:20:20 > 0:20:24early days for the Internet in India and as police and journalists battle
0:20:24 > 0:20:29the fake content that can trigger conflict, many are still prone to
0:20:29 > 0:20:36manipulation from the lies in their inbox. That was David in India.
0:20:36 > 0:20:39Now, with Halloween fast approaching, there are plenty of
0:20:39 > 0:20:42scary movies around but none of them will be as immersive as a virtual
0:20:42 > 0:20:49reality horror show. And that's the event that we've sent Nick quip to
0:20:49 > 0:20:53in Covent Garden. On the way to see a film, a movie,
0:20:53 > 0:21:03but not as we need know it, in virtual reality. I think this is 68
0:21:03 > 0:21:12A common not your standard cinema. Cinemas, downstairs. There's people
0:21:12 > 0:21:20down there wearing VI headsets. Virtual reality film is super
0:21:20 > 0:21:24exciting but right now you can only enjoy it in the comfort of your own
0:21:24 > 0:21:27home and it's not a social experience, we want to bring people
0:21:27 > 0:21:32together so they can enjoy BR with their friends, family and partner.
0:21:32 > 0:21:40Where am I sitting? Excellent. Can we get any popcorn? Up and over...
0:21:40 > 0:21:50Popcorn, excellent. Everyone ready to go?Yes.Let's do it! Showtime!
0:21:50 > 0:21:56Scary suburbia. I'm looking down, I don't have any legs or anything, I'm
0:21:56 > 0:22:03not a person... I've been directed to go down the debt. Oh my goodness!
0:22:03 > 0:22:19That is It down the drain. Are just left that scene.Look behind you...
0:22:19 > 0:22:27A bit unnerving!Someone has just appeared in front of me. OK.We've
0:22:27 > 0:22:31got a collection of films five to ten minutes each and we're showing
0:22:31 > 0:22:34them back-to-back in A40 minute montage.It's
0:22:34 > 0:22:35them back-to-back in A40 minute montage.It's, it the firstly are
0:22:35 > 0:22:46cinema pop-up and it's not cutting hardware but they have got custom...
0:22:46 > 0:22:50People can have the shared cinema experience of being shocked all at
0:22:50 > 0:22:52the same time.
0:23:02 > 0:23:09Lies is not good. This is going to end well, this is going to end very
0:23:09 > 0:23:10well.
0:23:12 > 0:23:19I'm burning alive. With several showings starting at the top of the
0:23:19 > 0:23:24hour, the headsets need to be taken away for charging. It's all very
0:23:24 > 0:23:27pop-up. But the chaps hope it will get another hearts racing so they
0:23:27 > 0:23:32can open up a permanently are cinema later this year. Is this all just a
0:23:32 > 0:23:39novelty, though?This is kind of a nightclub in Glasgow. OK, that's
0:23:39 > 0:23:47horrendous. Horrendous! That's enough.Actually it was quite fun to
0:23:47 > 0:23:51bring a group of friends together. To go out and have a shared
0:23:51 > 0:23:55experience, another group is coming in right now? OK.Masters of
0:23:55 > 0:24:03turnaround.We'd better be on our way. Nick Kwek, always up for an
0:24:03 > 0:24:06experience and regularly needing a lie down after a shoot because of
0:24:06 > 0:24:11it. That's it from me Ruin for this week, don't forget we live on
0:24:11 > 0:24:15Facebook and Twitter throughout the week, @BBCclick is where you'll find
0:24:15 > 0:24:20us. Thanks for watching and we'll see you soon.