:00:09. > :00:16.Fierce fighting in Colonel Gaddafi's final strongholds.
:00:16. > :00:20.Libya's new rulers launch an assault. Anti-Gaddafi fighters pour
:00:20. > :00:30.into Bani Walid. Is the end of Colonel Gaddafi's resistance
:00:30. > :00:33.
:00:33. > :00:38.approaching? Welcome to GMT. Also in the
:00:38. > :00:44.programme, Palestinians facing the diplomatic heat as they prepare
:00:44. > :00:48.their UN bid for stated. Washington warns of negative consequences. --
:00:48. > :00:53.statehood. And months of protest by hundreds
:00:53. > :01:02.of thousands of students in Chile. Why is the country's education
:01:02. > :01:06.system in crisis? It is 7:30am and Washington DC and
:01:06. > :01:09.1:30pm in the Libyan capital of Tripoli where the country's interim
:01:09. > :01:16.government has given the green light for an assault on Colonel
:01:16. > :01:23.Gaddafi's few remaining strongholds. Eyewitnesses reported heavy
:01:23. > :01:28.fighting in Bani Walid. In Sirte, to the north, loyalists are putting
:01:28. > :01:34.up fierce resistance. As to Gaddafi's whereabouts, Libya's
:01:34. > :01:40.rulers insist he is in the country but do not know where.
:01:40. > :01:45.They gave the enemy a deadline. It has now run out. Military columns
:01:45. > :01:51.of the National Transitional Council and their orders to go in
:01:51. > :01:57.and oust Gaddafi loyalists. Two key towns are under attack. The last
:01:57. > :02:02.stands of a civil war. They moved towards the heart of Sirte, an
:02:02. > :02:10.ancient Mediterranean city made rich from Gaddafi's patronage. On
:02:10. > :02:18.the way, they clear buildings were loyalists are hiding. And they take
:02:18. > :02:25.casualties, too. A sniper, killed in a firefight. They discover
:02:25. > :02:35.shallow graves of loyalist fighters. Fighting is now in Sirte and Bani
:02:35. > :02:35.
:02:35. > :02:41.Walid. Further south, Sabha and smaller pockets are holding out.
:02:41. > :02:46.Outside of Bani Walid, it was hoped that leaders of the local crime
:02:46. > :02:54.would hand over the town but it has not worked out like that. On the
:02:54. > :02:58.cusp of victory, peppered with threats from the dictatorship.
:02:58. > :03:03.TRANSLATION: They have come to Tripoli to sign agreements with
:03:03. > :03:07.traitors. These people pretend that they have come to rebuild Libya but
:03:07. > :03:13.at the same time, they carry on destroying its buildings, schools,
:03:13. > :03:16.factories and hospitals. Colonel Gaddafi's strongholds are
:03:16. > :03:24.surrounded but the transitional council has yet to control the
:03:24. > :03:29.whole country. Richard Galpin joins us from the
:03:29. > :03:38.Libyan capital. We have a renewed assault, we continue to see
:03:38. > :03:42.sustained resistance. Does this seem like the end game? It is very
:03:42. > :03:48.difficult to make that call. We have had a lot of false starts
:03:48. > :03:51.before. The assault on Bani Walid started one week ago. We were there
:03:51. > :03:56.and the forces loyal to the interim government were saying it would be
:03:56. > :04:01.over in a matter of hours. Here we are, one week on, and there is a
:04:01. > :04:06.major assault going on in Bani Walid. It is coming from the north-
:04:06. > :04:12.west and from the east. It seems clear that there are more fighters
:04:12. > :04:17.involved. The numbers were pretty small were we were there. A lot of
:04:17. > :04:24.the fighters were inexperienced. It seems that more fighters have moved
:04:24. > :04:29.in, with more reinforcements on the way. It is a major assault. As they
:04:29. > :04:35.tried to get in, to control the key parts of the city centre, we
:04:35. > :04:39.understand they are facing heavy resistance from loyalists. At the
:04:39. > :04:44.moment, the battle continues and we do not know whether this assault
:04:44. > :04:48.will be a successful or not. And we should not forget that there is a
:04:48. > :04:54.similar situation in Sirte with an offensive that was repelled to a
:04:54. > :04:58.certain extent. I just wonder whether you're getting indications
:04:58. > :05:05.in Tripoli that officials believe that Colonel Gaddafi may be in
:05:05. > :05:09.either of these towns? That has been the rumour. Not so much Sirte
:05:09. > :05:14.but certainly Bani Walid. There had been rumours about the Gaddafi
:05:14. > :05:19.family. Colonel Gaddafi, I think not. Certainly, we interviewed the
:05:19. > :05:25.end of the entrant government, a couple of days ago, and we asked
:05:25. > :05:30.him how the hunt for Colonel Gaddafi was going. He said that he
:05:30. > :05:34.believes he is in southern Libya. So we think he is not in Bani Walid.
:05:35. > :05:39.Certainly, there have been rumours from the fighters around the town
:05:39. > :05:45.saying that one of his sons, possibly Saif al-Islam, is there.
:05:45. > :05:50.He has been seen their not so long ago. And possibly also Mussa
:05:50. > :05:55.Ibrahim, Colonel Gaddafi's main spokesman. These are rumours. There
:05:55. > :05:58.are contradictory accounts. Other people say that yes, they may have
:05:58. > :06:08.been here when they withdrew from Tripoli but it is unlikely they
:06:08. > :06:12.would allow themselves to be cornered. Thank you very much. Let
:06:12. > :06:16.us look at the other stories. Widespread flooding has brought
:06:16. > :06:21.misery to a swathe of territory in southern Pakistan. Over 200 people
:06:21. > :06:24.have died, 200,000 are said to be homeless and it is feared that 2
:06:24. > :06:28.million have been infected with disease. The region are still
:06:28. > :06:34.recovering from last year's devastating floods. The current
:06:34. > :06:44.situation could deteriorate rapidly. Live now to Sindh Province and Det
:06:44. > :06:45.
:06:45. > :06:49.Aleem Maqbool. What is the latest situation where you are? We had
:06:49. > :06:53.been travelling across the rural areas of this province, is fast
:06:53. > :07:00.province. We have been travelling for eight hours and the entire way,
:07:00. > :07:05.we have seen water on either side of us. We have seen people grabbing
:07:05. > :07:11.belongings. In some cases, they had to do it very quickly. There was
:07:11. > :07:16.flash flooding in many areas. They went to higher land with whatever
:07:16. > :07:24.livestock they could find. Often the only high land was the road, so
:07:24. > :07:30.we were weaving through a tense and livestock. -- through tents. We
:07:31. > :07:34.have been seeing the carcasses of dead animals. They have been
:07:34. > :07:42.several occasions where we have looked out to our left and see
:07:42. > :07:46.nothing but water. And we are a few hundred kilometres from the sea.
:07:46. > :07:50.gave some depressing statistics at the beginning, the scale of this
:07:50. > :07:54.disaster, with a couple of hundred 1000 people homeless and up to 2
:07:54. > :07:58.million suffering from water-borne disease. Is it your impression that
:07:58. > :08:04.the authorities, the Government, the military are able to cope and
:08:04. > :08:09.that the rescue effort is reaching everywhere it needs to reach?
:08:09. > :08:15.are two things going on. There is a visible military presence. The army
:08:15. > :08:20.is carrying. Rescue missions in boats and by a helicopters. --
:08:20. > :08:24.carrying out rescue missions. Just as it was last year, there are lots
:08:24. > :08:31.of complaints about the aid effort and the Government's capacity to
:08:31. > :08:36.deal with all of this. Eight has been very patchy. We have gone
:08:36. > :08:40.through Sindh Province and we have seen so many communities were
:08:40. > :08:45.people have said they have not seen any aid at all. That is why you're
:08:45. > :08:52.getting these problems. People are so desperate for clean water that
:08:52. > :08:55.they are resorting to drinking floodwaters in many cases. And
:08:55. > :09:03.there are dead bodies of animals lying around, there is much concern
:09:03. > :09:08.that many more people will get ill and will die because of this.
:09:08. > :09:12.Maqbool, thank you very much. Human Rights Act of this say that
:09:12. > :09:17.Syrian security forces had shot dead at least four people during a
:09:17. > :09:21.raid on a town near this central city in Syria. Meanwhile, Lebanon
:09:21. > :09:26.says that Syria has fired into their territory and people fleeing
:09:26. > :09:31.across the border are now being targeted. The Lebanese claimed the
:09:31. > :09:35.patrol came 200 metres into Lebanese territory. Locals say that
:09:35. > :09:40.the shooting went on for two hours. In recent months, refugees have
:09:40. > :09:43.been moving across the border between the two countries.
:09:43. > :09:48.For one of four miners trapped underground in South Wales has been
:09:48. > :09:52.found dead. It is hoped the remaining men in the Swansea Valley
:09:53. > :09:56.have found pockets of air in which to shelter after water burst
:09:56. > :10:00.through a retaining wall and cut off their escape route.
:10:00. > :10:10.In Australia, firefighters had been fighting a blaze in a chemical
:10:10. > :10:10.
:10:10. > :10:16.factory in Canberra. This is what Firefighters have gained control of
:10:16. > :10:21.the Inferno, which billows toxic smoke across the capital. Many
:10:21. > :10:26.residents had to evacuate the area. Anyone within 10 kilometres was
:10:26. > :10:30.told to stay indoors and keep their windows closed. Two people have
:10:30. > :10:34.been treated for smoke inhalation. Over 2000 have been arrested in
:10:34. > :10:39.China as part of a crackdown on gang related crime. Chinese
:10:39. > :10:49.television broadcast images of Swat teams carrying out raids on a mafia
:10:49. > :10:58.gang who police believe are involved in the production of drugs.
:10:58. > :11:08.Coming up, postman Pat. Do you remember him? It is 30 years since
:11:08. > :11:14.the friendly postman was created. First, the business news. Aaron
:11:14. > :11:18.Heselhurst is here. It is the Eurozone again. Finance ministers
:11:18. > :11:24.meeting in Poland. Not just European finance ministers, it is
:11:24. > :11:27.also the US treasury secretary, Tim Geithner. What are they saying?
:11:27. > :11:32.fact that he is there highlights that there is growing international
:11:32. > :11:37.worry that the Eurozone problems could spread. Number one on the
:11:37. > :11:40.agenda, increasing the rescue pot. At the moment, it is 250 billion
:11:40. > :11:46.euros but that is nowhere near enough if the bigger countries get
:11:46. > :11:51.into trouble, like Italy and Spain. Also, Greece, on the agenda.
:11:51. > :11:55.Willetts default? Austria's Finance Minister said earlier today that a
:11:55. > :11:58.Greek default would be the cheapest option for the Eurozone. The reason
:11:58. > :12:04.being that the more money you throw into Greece, the bigger their
:12:04. > :12:10.problem gets. All the time, it will press down on Greek growth, which
:12:10. > :12:15.is collapsing. It fell by 7% in the second quarter. Official forecasts
:12:15. > :12:19.are for a return to bolster growth next year but that looks hopelessly
:12:19. > :12:29.optimistic. In that environment, it will never get better. The GDP
:12:29. > :12:31.
:12:31. > :12:37.ratio will be 152170%, and the default risk will remain high.
:12:37. > :12:40.there is momentum in Germany, Finland, Slovakia, where people are
:12:41. > :12:46.saying, enough is enough. They are seeing a slowdown in their own
:12:46. > :12:49.economies. So still the focus on sovereign debt. And yet one of the
:12:49. > :12:59.bigger stories over the last couple of days has been the debts run up
:12:59. > :13:00.
:13:00. > :13:04.by a banker working for DPS. He is being questioned over these
:13:04. > :13:10.unauthorised trades. It was him who went to the UBS management to
:13:10. > :13:16.notify them, and that is a huge worry. That highlights the fact
:13:16. > :13:21.that if this can happen at UBS, it could possibly happen in other
:13:21. > :13:25.banks. Let us listen to this. happened in the equity trading
:13:25. > :13:31.division of the UBS, one of the biggest traders of equities in the
:13:31. > :13:36.world. It has world-class systems and a long track record. You have
:13:36. > :13:42.to assume that if they cannot control this, then you cannot
:13:42. > :13:45.expect other banks to be able to control it. That is a worry. The
:13:45. > :13:49.markets are roll-up on the back of the move by the five central banks
:13:49. > :13:56.saying they would pump US dollars into the liquidity market. That has
:13:56. > :14:03.eased some of the pressure. -- the markets are all up.
:14:03. > :14:13.Get in touch with us here and tell us what do you think. You can see
:14:13. > :14:16.
:14:16. > :14:22.highlights of the programme on our This is GMT. Here are the
:14:22. > :14:26.headlines: Forces loyal to Libya's interim government launch a major
:14:26. > :14:30.military assault on Colonel Gaddafi's final strongholds in such
:14:30. > :14:35.-- including his home town. Flood misery in Pakistan as 200,000
:14:35. > :14:39.people are homeless and 2 million exposed to disease. Emergency teams
:14:40. > :14:44.struggled to reach the worst affected areas.
:14:44. > :14:48.The Obama administration is putting intense diplomatic pressure on the
:14:48. > :14:52.Palestinians to dissuade them from applying for full membership of the
:14:52. > :14:56.United Nations at the General Assembly next week. In a few hours'
:14:56. > :15:00.time, Mahmoud Abbas will address his people to explain the reasons
:15:00. > :15:06.behind the decision to seek UN recognition. It is a move opposed
:15:06. > :15:11.by Israel and by the US government. In an interview with the BBC, the
:15:11. > :15:19.US ambassador to the UN said that the proposed bid for Palestinian
:15:19. > :15:22.statehood would set back prospects We share the aspiration for the
:15:22. > :15:26.creation of a Palestinian state but that can only be accomplished
:15:26. > :15:31.through direct negotiation between the Israelis and Palestinians.
:15:31. > :15:35.There is no short cut to where we pass a resolution in the General
:15:35. > :15:40.Assembly and the Security Council. In the real world, it creates a
:15:40. > :15:46.Palestinian state. The issues that divide them, boarders, security,
:15:46. > :15:50.Jerusalem, refugees etc, can only be resolved through director Nick
:15:50. > :15:55.associations at the negotiating table and that's why we view the
:15:55. > :15:59.Palestinian potential drive to come to the City Council and the General
:15:59. > :16:04.Assembly as counter-productive. Those negotiations are effectively
:16:04. > :16:07.dead at the moment. 20 years of a US-led negotiations have not got
:16:07. > :16:14.anywhere and the Palestinians are saying, we need something to keep
:16:14. > :16:17.the state to States alive a. There is no magic wand which can be
:16:17. > :16:21.waived in the New York to make everything right. There is a risk
:16:21. > :16:25.in that because if you are an average person in the territories,
:16:25. > :16:28.and your hopes have been raised that by some action in New York,
:16:28. > :16:34.something will be different, the reality is, nothing will change.
:16:34. > :16:39.There will be no more sovereignty, no more food on the table. This gap
:16:39. > :16:42.between expectation and reality is quite dangerous for the there is
:16:42. > :16:49.the risk Palestinians look at what happens in the United Nations next
:16:49. > :16:53.we can say to themselves, the path of diplomacy has not work. The
:16:53. > :16:58.miscalculation is it by coming to the UN in some fashion, they will
:16:58. > :17:03.be in a better position to negotiate. There will not be a
:17:03. > :17:10.credible environment for Nick associations. It will be much
:17:10. > :17:16.tougher. After action in New York. If the aim is to isolate and
:17:16. > :17:20.confront his role, then that is not going to encourage Israel to come
:17:21. > :17:27.back to the negotiating table any sooner. The diplomatic manoeuvring
:17:27. > :17:29.around the UN General Assembly next week has already begun and for more
:17:29. > :17:31.on the planned Palestinian statehood UN full membership bid,
:17:31. > :17:34.we're joined from Jerusalem by Professor Gerald Steinberg, the
:17:34. > :17:41.head of conflict management and negotiations faculty at Bar Iban
:17:41. > :17:48.university. How worried is Israel about this looming isolation Susan
:17:48. > :17:53.Rice referred to? Well, it is worrying. Israel has been
:17:53. > :17:57.increasingly isolated as Egypt has become unstable. We sought violent
:17:57. > :18:05.riots last week and there were demonstrations in Turkey and Jordan.
:18:05. > :18:11.There is a sense there is a sense Israel is much more isolated than
:18:11. > :18:16.it was and that adds to instability. The Palestinians are taking
:18:16. > :18:22.advantage, exploiting that situation. None of the questions we
:18:22. > :18:27.heard a few moments ago we heard from the Palestinian Authority had
:18:27. > :18:30.been directed at reassuring Israel. It is saying that we understand for
:18:30. > :18:35.the last 63 years to have been subject to isolation and of
:18:36. > :18:40.terrorism. We are looking for a compromise. The move up to the UN
:18:40. > :18:47.is to increase that isolation. It's a cynical political ploy and will
:18:47. > :18:50.not help the peace process. We have focused on that Susan Rice's words.
:18:50. > :18:55.The Barack Obama administration has tried again and again to get
:18:55. > :19:00.Benjamin Netanyahu to renew a commitment to stop settlement
:19:00. > :19:07.construction on occupied land. He refused to do so. Is he prepared to
:19:07. > :19:14.make that sort of a move? That isolation of but one issue after so
:19:14. > :19:22.many complex issues in the conflict was a big mistake by the Obama
:19:22. > :19:27.administration. We need to have a compromise on the Palestinian side.
:19:27. > :19:32.It can't be focused on Israelis who are concerned, instead of getting a
:19:32. > :19:38.stable to state solution, we will have a very violent terrorist
:19:38. > :19:43.regime and a failed at state. These factors are very important.
:19:43. > :19:46.give me for interrupting. In that answer you imply a Israel has put
:19:46. > :19:52.concessions on the table. Benjamin Netanyahu is going to go to New
:19:52. > :19:57.York and make a speech at the UN are. What sort of concessions will
:19:57. > :20:06.he be prepared to put on the table? Up we have a history of a very
:20:06. > :20:11.generous Israeli concessions. To heighten 3% differences in borders.
:20:11. > :20:20.If there was a Palestinian partner who was serious, if they were
:20:20. > :20:29.talking about ending their right of return claim a Offiah's the people
:20:30. > :20:34.There is the incitement. That is the main issue here. There is
:20:34. > :20:42.absolutely no question... haven't actually outlined any
:20:42. > :20:47.significant specific compromised proposal or concession but Benjamin
:20:47. > :20:53.Netanyahu is prepared to take to New York. Is there one? You get
:20:53. > :20:57.proportion to watch our put on the table into what it is receiving. It
:20:57. > :21:04.has received nothing from Palestine. Complete stonewalling from the
:21:04. > :21:06.beginning. Only focusing on Israel to stop settlement construction
:21:06. > :21:12.when the areas involved are under the speed and the boundaries are
:21:12. > :21:18.not clear. The Palestinians want to impose an agreement which has not
:21:18. > :21:25.going to be stable and to create another failed state in the region.
:21:25. > :21:28.We have to ended their but thank you for joining us on GMT. For the
:21:28. > :21:31.past five months, hundreds of thousands of Chilean students have
:21:31. > :21:34.joined a movement for free, equal and good quality education in their
:21:34. > :21:37.country. Back in May, the demonstrations started peacefully,
:21:37. > :21:41.with the students trying to get their message across in unusual
:21:41. > :21:44.ways. A kissing protest and then protesting in fancy dress. But in
:21:44. > :21:48.the past few weeks the protests have become violent, with frequent
:21:49. > :21:55.clashes with police. It's become a huge political problem for the
:21:55. > :21:58.government as President Sebastian Piera's poll ratings have plunged.
:21:58. > :22:01.Well for more on the movement we're joined via webcam from the Chilean
:22:01. > :22:08.capital Santiago by Juanita Chacon Snow, the Acting Editor of the
:22:08. > :22:13.Santiago Times. I suppose I want an update. Are these protests
:22:13. > :22:18.continuing and is there still violence in San Diego? We received
:22:18. > :22:25.word this morning from the student movement that they have rejected
:22:25. > :22:30.the recent government proposal to get working groups going to discuss
:22:30. > :22:35.three of the major concerns raised by the student groups -- Santiago.
:22:35. > :22:41.They have announced another general strike for next Thursday. A big
:22:41. > :22:45.March. Basically because the Government did not agreed to two of
:22:45. > :22:48.the four conditions that they placed before them to agree to
:22:48. > :22:54.participate in these working groups would have been proposed by the
:22:54. > :22:59.Government. What they were requesting was a freeze to two
:22:59. > :23:05.bills which will put the Congress on the 17th for Education Reform
:23:05. > :23:10.which was drafted without student participation. It just strikes me
:23:10. > :23:16.that the students are using some of the tactics they drew inspiration
:23:16. > :23:20.from the Arab Spring. In the end, it's a different situation. Chile
:23:20. > :23:28.has been successful in recent years. I wonder why street protests have
:23:28. > :23:36.become such a popular form of political action? Well, it's at new
:23:36. > :23:40.phenomenon here. The student body began following a series of other
:23:40. > :23:44.protests here in Chile when people were expressing discontent and the
:23:44. > :23:52.opposition to a series of projects, environmental ones up specifically,
:23:52. > :23:58.in the south, and also the rise in gas prices in the south. There have
:23:58. > :24:02.been a series of protests and people just want to express their
:24:02. > :24:08.frustration with the situation here in Chile right now. There are many
:24:08. > :24:14.other stories you may have heard of in terms of the increased profits
:24:14. > :24:18.of the private health system, there are serious legacies situations
:24:18. > :24:24.here in the country which have made people feel less afraid to express
:24:24. > :24:28.their opinions. We have to end there. Thank you for joining us on
:24:28. > :24:31.GMT. It's exactly 30 years since the
:24:31. > :24:36.first broadcast of the animated childrens TV show Postman Pat. Some
:24:36. > :24:39.of you like me may still have the theme tune stuck in your heads. The
:24:39. > :24:42.show, starring the doughty rural postman in his delivery van became
:24:42. > :24:44.an unlikely hit across the world from China to Iran to the
:24:44. > :24:54.Philippines. On this 30th anniversary the creator of Postman
:24:54. > :24:57.Pat has been recalling what # Everybody knows his bright red
:24:57. > :25:07.banner. # All his friends will smile as he
:25:07. > :25:12.I and the creator of Postman Pat and a few of the characters in the
:25:12. > :25:22.box and a television as well. MUSIC PLAYS and Pat and his black
:25:22. > :25:24.
:25:24. > :25:29.I said to them, what about having a post man? I looked at my farming
:25:29. > :25:33.stories and we hadn't used to those. Who else lives in the countryside?
:25:33. > :25:39.The postman troubles around and needs a lot of people. It would not
:25:39. > :25:44.be static -- the postman travels around and meets a lot of people.
:25:44. > :25:50.They said, it sounds quite likely. I don't think anybody has done it.
:25:51. > :25:57.OK, you go back to Kendal and write an outline for 13 episodes.
:25:57. > :26:01.ANNOUNCER: Postman Pat was on his way. A bit further back in his life
:26:01. > :26:06.I was a mobile librarian in Northumberland and I travelled
:26:06. > :26:10.around a very much in the way Postman Pat travels around in a
:26:10. > :26:17.large mobile library, travelling around the farms, around the
:26:17. > :26:23.countryside. A lot of that fed into it. Come on, Jess, we have got work
:26:23. > :26:30.to do. Jess provided some body poor postman Pat to speak to without
:26:30. > :26:38.seeming peculiar. The question in the press about it, I think it was
:26:38. > :26:43.said the postman are not allowed to carry pepsin their vans. -- pets in