:00:05. > :00:12.Thousands of Egyptians lose patience with the country's interim
:00:12. > :00:15.military rulers as protesters stream into Cairo's Tahrir square.
:00:15. > :00:25.The escalating protests raise pressure on the military to
:00:25. > :00:34.
:00:34. > :00:39.handover power sooner than they are Welcome to GMT. I'm Zeinab Badawi.
:00:39. > :00:42.Also in the programme: Turkey's President Abdullah Gul on a state
:00:42. > :00:49.visit to Britain says Syria has reached a dead end and that change
:00:49. > :00:52.is intevitable. And we speak to the the African American writer who
:00:52. > :01:02.appeared on TV next to an anti immigration party leader and turned
:01:02. > :01:04.
:01:04. > :01:07.It's 1230 here in London. 7.30 in New York and 2.30PM in Cairo where
:01:07. > :01:13.the popular discontent with the generals who replaced Hosni Mubarak
:01:13. > :01:17.has escalated. The protests are growing in Cairo and also spreading
:01:18. > :01:23.to other cities in Egypt. The showdown between the generals and
:01:23. > :01:25.the pro democracy protesters has already turned violent. And there
:01:25. > :01:29.are fears the frustration could again lead to clashes with the
:01:29. > :01:36.security forces. Around 30 people have already died in the past few
:01:36. > :01:41.days. Humphrey Hawksley has the latest.
:01:41. > :01:49.During the morning, more and more filled to the square. And the crowd
:01:49. > :01:59.parted to allow the injured to go to hospital. Higher risk tactics of
:01:59. > :02:07.hide and seek. All the time, they test the resolve of the police.
:02:07. > :02:14.Here, police used tear gas against protesters. One of picks it up,
:02:14. > :02:22.runs towards them and hurls it back. A small strike against the security
:02:22. > :02:29.forces they demand become accountable to civilian rule. The
:02:29. > :02:35.numbers of injured and killed are mounting. They fired a shotgun
:02:35. > :02:43.cartridge, he says, and it hit the person with me directly in the face.
:02:43. > :02:52.Just a few months ago, the army was hailed as Egypt's saviour and its
:02:52. > :02:55.head courted both at home and abroad but no more. Egypt is
:02:55. > :03:03.exactly the same as it was in January. This is not what we fought
:03:03. > :03:07.for. 12,000 civilians have been tried by courts. People complain.
:03:07. > :03:13.People used freedom of expression and are detained. A view underlined
:03:13. > :03:17.by those in the square. TRANSLATION: Our demands are
:03:17. > :03:23.reforming the constitution, the Cabinet stepping down and having a
:03:23. > :03:29.civil democratic government. insist that the armed forces gives
:03:29. > :03:34.us a date on which they will hand over power to an elected official.
:03:34. > :03:39.As the army and rolls on razor wire, it has asked for emergency dialogue
:03:39. > :03:44.with all parties. The Moslem Brotherhood has agreed to the talks.
:03:44. > :03:52.There is unity here on what needs to go but little detail on what
:03:52. > :03:57.exactly will replace it and how and the dangers of getting it wrong.
:03:57. > :04:02.That report by Humphrey. We now want to take you live to Tahrir
:04:02. > :04:08.Square in central Cairo. You can see that the crowds have been
:04:08. > :04:14.massing, and more and more are streaming in by the our. Very keen
:04:14. > :04:18.to make sure that the ruling military council is aware of their
:04:18. > :04:23.growing frustration and anger, and this isn't just happening in Cairo.
:04:23. > :04:28.Are there are also protests in other major centres in Egypt like
:04:28. > :04:32.Alexandria, and in the past three days, since these protesters have
:04:32. > :04:36.reappeared in Tahrir Square, we have seen 26 people who have been
:04:36. > :04:41.killed in the clashes between the pro-democracy protesters and the
:04:41. > :04:50.security forces. The BBC's Lyse Doucet is in Tahrir Square. She
:04:50. > :04:55.witnessed first-hand the street battles taking place there. This is
:04:55. > :05:01.the main point of tension in Tahrir Square. Protesters are moving down
:05:01. > :05:06.the street towards the police headquarters. There were running
:05:06. > :05:13.battles here yesterday. As you can see, its continuing again. You can
:05:13. > :05:19.feel the tear-gas in the air. This is the focal point of protest now.
:05:19. > :05:25.And they are moving down this road. A key junction for the this leads
:05:25. > :05:29.to the headquarters of the police. It has been a target of protests
:05:29. > :05:32.and rock throwing by these protesters, who accuse police of
:05:32. > :05:42.the brutality. This is where we have seen battles between police
:05:42. > :05:48.and protesters. It's happening now. Watch the crowds going. Any minute
:05:48. > :05:54.now, we expect the tear-gas to be fired. Day after day, hour after
:05:54. > :06:02.Allott, this is the politics of Egypt now in Tahrir Square. This
:06:02. > :06:08.confrontation between protesters and the police -- hour after hour.
:06:08. > :06:13.We are getting reports from Egypt that the head about ruling military
:06:13. > :06:16.council is expected to make a statement on TV some time on
:06:16. > :06:22.Tuesday. Let's take a look at some of the other stories making
:06:22. > :06:25.headlines around the world today. The Tunisian newly elected assembly
:06:25. > :06:27.is holding it's inaugural session, ten months after the popular
:06:27. > :06:30.uprising forced the former president Zein al-Abedine Ben Ali
:06:30. > :06:33.into exile. The assembly is tasked with shaping a constitution and a
:06:33. > :06:35.democratic future for the country country that sparked the Arab
:06:35. > :06:38.Spring uprisings.The assembly has a year to write the constitution
:06:38. > :06:48.before new elections are held Syria's UN envoy has labelled a UN
:06:48. > :06:50.draft resolution as a declaration of war. The report, which condemns
:06:50. > :06:53.the Syrian government's conduct against protesters, was created by
:06:53. > :07:01.Germany, Britain and France and submitted to the UN General
:07:01. > :07:04.Assembly's human rights committee. And in Libya new pictures have
:07:04. > :07:10.emerged of Saif al-Islam Gaddafi in the first hours after his capture
:07:10. > :07:13.on Saturday. It comes as the International Criminal Court's
:07:13. > :07:19.chief prosecutor has said the son of Libya's former Libya doesn't
:07:19. > :07:22.necessarily have to be tried at the ICC in The Hague. Luis Moreno-
:07:22. > :07:32.Ocampo says that Saif Gaddafi could be tried in Libya if the country's
:07:32. > :07:34.Justice system was up to it. He was captured on Saturday. And is wanted
:07:34. > :07:43.by the ICC for crimes against humnanity, allegedly committed
:07:43. > :07:46.during this year's uprsising. And staying in Libya, the annual Rory
:07:46. > :07:48.Peck Awards pay tribute to the freelance camera operators who risk
:07:48. > :07:52.their lives to bring us pictures from the world's most dangerous
:07:52. > :07:55.places. This year's News Award went to a Libyan, Ahmad Bahaddhou. He
:07:55. > :07:58.was one of the first journalists to join rebels fighting to topple
:07:58. > :08:06.Muammar Gaddafi in the west of the country. Caroline Hawley has his
:08:06. > :08:09.story. Fighting for the strategic village
:08:09. > :08:19.earlier this year. It's the gateway to the Tunisian border and the
:08:19. > :08:26.
:08:26. > :08:32.The battle is fierce and he is the only journalist to witness this.
:08:32. > :08:36.What the rebels lack in training, they make up for in determination.
:08:36. > :08:42.They were dentists, guys who studied in America, in Canada, in
:08:43. > :08:47.the UK. In Italy. And they were quite determined to get rid of the
:08:47. > :08:53.Gaddafi regime and you could see it. Not knowing anything about weaponry.
:08:53. > :08:58.But just going and learning on the field, on the battlefield. I
:08:58. > :09:02.realise that the people I was with were not professional armies. They
:09:02. > :09:08.did not realise how close things were flying above our heads,
:09:08. > :09:11.rockets. But you don't realise that at the moment because what
:09:11. > :09:21.interests you as the cameraman, you want to get the shots, the
:09:21. > :09:27.
:09:27. > :09:33.The rebels took the village. As they move into it, shell-shocked
:09:33. > :09:37.residents of venture out of their homes. The villagers were terrified
:09:37. > :09:40.because loyalists were using their houses and threatening them, to let
:09:40. > :09:45.them use their houses, and they were taking everything they had
:09:45. > :09:50.from them. These people were already poor. The rebels inflicted
:09:50. > :09:56.several casualties and captured a loyalist. And they celebrate, or
:09:56. > :10:00.one victory in a long and difficult road to success. Bravely chronicled
:10:00. > :10:05.by this journalist and other Libyans. Sometimes it Russian
:10:05. > :10:14.roulette. When your time has come, it's your time. It doesn't have to
:10:14. > :10:17.stop you doing your job the best way.
:10:17. > :10:22.The Turkish President Abdullah Gul is on a state visit to Britain, the
:10:22. > :10:28.first one by a Turkish President in 23 years. Today Abdullah Gul is
:10:29. > :10:33.being welcomed by Queen Elizabeth II. Mr Gul has said that Syria has
:10:33. > :10:36.reached a dead end and change is inevitable. In Turkey itself, the
:10:36. > :10:39.prime minister Recep Tayep Erdogan, has reiterated his call for
:10:39. > :10:42.President Bashaar Al Asaad to step down. Mustafa Akyol is a political
:10:42. > :10:52.commentator and author based in Istanbul and he joins me here in
:10:52. > :10:53.
:10:53. > :10:57.the studio. You have written a book about Islam without extremes.
:10:57. > :11:02.Looking at the experience of Turkey in particular. Looking at his
:11:02. > :11:08.official state visit, all the work has been given to the President
:11:08. > :11:13.Abdullah Gul. It shows how serious Turkey is being taken on the world
:11:13. > :11:18.stage now. Yes, it is now become important in the Middle East. More
:11:18. > :11:23.influential. Especially the political parties which emerged
:11:23. > :11:27.from the Arabs bring say they take Turkey as an example. And I think
:11:27. > :11:34.Turkey's example with Islam and democracy which I tried to use in
:11:34. > :11:37.my book, means something for people in the Middle East. We talk about
:11:37. > :11:42.Turkey in a second on a global stage but looking at Islam and
:11:42. > :11:49.democracy, critics increasingly say the ruling party there is a bit
:11:49. > :11:54.authoritarian particularly with two very prominent journalists on trial
:11:54. > :11:59.there on spurious claims and so on, so democratic freedoms, slightly
:11:59. > :12:06.shrinking, people would say. It's a controversial issue. During this
:12:06. > :12:09.party, not of reforms have taken place. Recently, yes, I think their
:12:09. > :12:13.attitude towards the media is not very positive. They don't like
:12:13. > :12:21.criticism. At the same time, some of the opposition against the
:12:21. > :12:28.ruling party is a terrorist group, and terrorist propaganda, the
:12:28. > :12:31.Kurdish militants. On the global stage, a key NATO player, on the
:12:31. > :12:37.border with Syria, very important country at the moment. To what
:12:37. > :12:43.extent to Turkey's foreign policy objectives dovetail with the West?
:12:43. > :12:49.To a great extent because it's aborts democracy in the Middle East.
:12:49. > :12:54.-- it supports. Also Turkey realises some neighbours are
:12:54. > :13:00.dictators and the Turkish government made a decision to award
:13:00. > :13:04.not supporting dictators but people. I think the Turkish policy changes
:13:04. > :13:12.show that turkey supports the Arab spring and I think, in that sense,
:13:12. > :13:15.Turkey is in line with the West. in to talk to us. Graphic accounts
:13:15. > :13:18.of the brutality of the Khmer Rouge regime in Cambodia are being heard
:13:18. > :13:23.at the opening of the trial of three of its most senior surviving
:13:23. > :13:25.leaders. In opening statements at one of the world's most high
:13:25. > :13:28.profile genocide trials, prosecutors are trying to etablish
:13:28. > :13:34.that senior members of the Khmer rouge regime were accountable for
:13:34. > :13:40.the crimes that were committed. These crimes were the result of
:13:40. > :13:44.organised plans, developed by the accused and other CPK leaders. And
:13:44. > :13:52.systematically implemented through the regional, military and
:13:52. > :13:55.government bodies they controlled. One of the accused, Nuon Chea, was
:13:55. > :13:57.shown dramatic footage taken from a 2009 documentary Enemies of the
:13:57. > :14:07.People, in which he appeared and defended the regime's bloody purges,
:14:07. > :14:21.
:14:21. > :14:24.Whilst watching the footage he remained emotionless. All the
:14:24. > :14:28.defendants are accused of being responsible for the deaths of an
:14:28. > :14:34.estimated 1.7 million people in the 1970s.
:14:34. > :14:44.Still to come on GMT: Power to the people. Why India's thirst for
:14:44. > :14:46.
:14:46. > :14:52.energy is causing tension in Tamil First though let's get all the
:14:52. > :15:02.business news. Aaron Heslehurst is here.
:15:02. > :15:07.
:15:07. > :15:13.Something that must interested In the UK the rich are doing one
:15:13. > :15:19.thing, they are getting richer. This is for findings of a year-long
:15:19. > :15:24.enquiry. It was very critical of the increases for top executives.
:15:24. > :15:30.It highlights this widening between the top 0.1% of the population and
:15:31. > :15:37.the rest of us. It is wider. On average over the UK over the past
:15:38. > :15:44.30 years, executive pay has risen by 4,000 %. They get paid 145 times
:15:44. > :15:49.more than the average worker. The average worker gets �26,000 a year,
:15:49. > :15:57.top executives �27 million. If it continues, some so we could be
:15:57. > :16:01.thrown back into time. If we don't check this huge bonanza in pay,
:16:01. > :16:06.within five to 10 years we will be back at a Victorian levels of
:16:06. > :16:11.inequality. If that is what we want as a society, there enough but I
:16:11. > :16:15.would suggest most people don't want to end up there. I would
:16:15. > :16:20.imagine most of us wouldn't want to go back to the Victorian inequality.
:16:21. > :16:27.So more pressure on the Government. Let's look at Spain, their new
:16:27. > :16:32.leader was only elected on Sunday, and the honeymoon is over? Spain
:16:32. > :16:36.went back to the money markets to borrow 3 billion euros, short-term
:16:36. > :16:41.debts. Investors were willing to give them the money, but those
:16:41. > :16:45.investors demand of the country paid by 0.1% interest. Double what
:16:45. > :16:50.Spain paid for exactly the same option only a month ago. The new
:16:50. > :16:55.Prime Minister said yesterday, give me more than 30 minutes to get the
:16:55. > :16:59.things fixed. I don't think the markets are listening but experts
:16:59. > :17:06.believe three top priorities are needed. First one is the fact
:17:06. > :17:11.regional spending is quite a large proportion of the country's deficit.
:17:11. > :17:16.There have been some noises about setting limits to that. The second
:17:16. > :17:20.one is tackling and finding out what the size of the hole in the
:17:20. > :17:24.financial sector is. The financial sector is very exposed to real-
:17:24. > :17:28.estate, like Ireland suffered a massive bubble which collapsed. And
:17:28. > :17:33.third, the massive structural reforms that need to be put in
:17:33. > :17:39.place, especially in the labour market. Spain has 21% unemployment,
:17:39. > :17:44.at 5 million people out of work. That has to be a key focus.
:17:44. > :17:48.Your blood is still boiling on executive pay!
:17:48. > :17:58.Buchan keep up-to-date on the situation in Egypt and all other
:17:58. > :17:59.
:17:59. > :18:05.major events on the BBC news website.
:18:05. > :18:08.This is GMT. The headlines: Escalating protests
:18:08. > :18:14.in Egypt are increasing pressure on the ruling military council to step
:18:14. > :18:18.down earlier than planned. As Damon from the council's leader is
:18:18. > :18:21.expected on state TV today. The International Criminal Court
:18:21. > :18:28.says Saif Al-Islam Gaddafi could stand trial for war crimes inside
:18:28. > :18:32.Libya. As most of us know, India is
:18:32. > :18:36.growing rapidly. To keep development on track in needs power
:18:36. > :18:40.and plenty of it. Over the coming years the Government in India wants
:18:40. > :18:45.to bring energy production hubs in pockets of South India. In recent
:18:45. > :18:55.months, plans for a nuclear power plants have prompted protests and
:18:55. > :18:56.
:18:56. > :19:01.hunger strikes. Protesting against India's
:19:01. > :19:05.development drive. These people are fighting a production of
:19:05. > :19:10.electricity in their patch. They know there is a great and growing
:19:10. > :19:18.need, but they do not want the place they call home to be used to
:19:18. > :19:25.power India's future. We need to retake -- retain our land, water,
:19:25. > :19:29.sea and seafood. This is more and Porton than electricity. These
:19:29. > :19:34.villagers have gathered to protest against a nuclear power plant that
:19:34. > :19:38.is said to come online not far from here in the coming months. Plans
:19:38. > :19:43.for nuclear power to come to this area of Tamil Nadu in south India
:19:43. > :19:47.have been going for some years. But now the people say they are taking
:19:47. > :19:56.a final stand and they will fight to the end for their future and
:19:56. > :20:02.livelihoods. Florence Anthony fears the worst. A local fisherman, he
:20:02. > :20:07.depends on these waters. But he says a nuclear power plant here in
:20:07. > :20:14.the coastal area of Kudankulam will raise the sea temperature, damaging
:20:14. > :20:18.fish stock and local trade. TRANSLATION: It this reactor starts
:20:18. > :20:23.we cannot do our jobs and we will be forced to leave our homes and
:20:23. > :20:28.land. We cannot do that, we will end up becoming refugees in Another
:20:28. > :20:34.Place. It is a stark reminder of India's
:20:34. > :20:41.first for power. The Government insists once operational, the
:20:41. > :20:45.Kudankulam nuclear power plant will help to solve energy problems.
:20:45. > :20:50.Local companies suffer from regular electricity source to judge and
:20:50. > :20:59.power cuts. The chance to keep the lights on for longer is being
:20:59. > :21:05.welcomed by local industry. TRANSLATION: Across the state, we
:21:05. > :21:08.have to stop production for four hours a day. If this can be solved
:21:09. > :21:13.with a nuclear power plant, productivity will improve on so
:21:13. > :21:18.well Government earnings. For now, children in Kudankulam
:21:18. > :21:23.enjoy village life. But the landscape around them is changing.
:21:23. > :21:27.Many coastal areas like this one had been earmarked for major energy
:21:27. > :21:32.projects. But, the challenge the Government faces is convincing
:21:32. > :21:41.local people of the benefits of playing a part in India's growth
:21:41. > :21:45.story. The increase in demands of India's
:21:45. > :21:51.growing economy. Race and politics often make for an
:21:51. > :21:55.explosive mix. Two years ago, the London based African-American
:21:55. > :21:59.writer, Bonnie Greer made a television appearance against the
:21:59. > :22:03.leader of an anti- immigration party, Nick Griffin of the BNP. She
:22:03. > :22:09.described it as probably the weirdest and most creepy experience
:22:09. > :22:13.of her life. Now she has written an opera about her experience on that
:22:13. > :22:16.episode of the programme, Question Time.
:22:16. > :22:20.Welcome to Question Time doctor macro Question Time is one of the
:22:20. > :22:25.best-known political debate shows on the BBC with the lively audience
:22:25. > :22:30.to put questions to a panel of public figures. Bonnie Greer says
:22:30. > :22:33.taking part in that changed her life. She received a lot of
:22:33. > :22:37.criticism for agreeing to sit next to Nick Griffin, who had predicted
:22:37. > :22:43.his appearance would provide his party with a big platform and
:22:43. > :22:46.propel them into the big-time. Instead, he seemed to squirm as
:22:46. > :22:51.audience members called him a disgrace and he was forced to
:22:51. > :22:57.explain why he had previously sought to play down the Holocaust.
:22:57. > :23:00.We listened Churchill put everything on the line so that my
:23:00. > :23:04.ancestors wouldn't guess slaughtered in concentration camps.
:23:04. > :23:10.But here sits among that says it is a myth, just like a flat world was
:23:10. > :23:15.a myth. How can you say that? cannot explain why I used to say
:23:15. > :23:21.those things. Bonnie Greer has said she had to keep her back turned to
:23:21. > :23:26.him to avoid slapping him. The programme which attracted more than
:23:26. > :23:32.half of the British viewing public, caused huge protests outside BBC
:23:32. > :23:37.Television Centre. And no review, and Bonnie Greer is
:23:38. > :23:47.in the studio. Hello. This opera, you have called it yes, because
:23:47. > :23:52.that is when you said when it production people called you. Why
:23:52. > :23:58.did you write an opera? It is not about the programme itself, so we
:23:58. > :24:02.won't see a bunch of singing Nick Griffin or David Dimbleby. It is
:24:02. > :24:06.about the young man in the audience he said to Nick Griffin, what about
:24:07. > :24:12.my ancestors who had to escape the concentration camps? It is about
:24:12. > :24:20.people and feelings. It is an experimental opera, there isn't a
:24:20. > :24:25.plot or a long narrative. I wanted to do an opera because what I got
:24:25. > :24:29.was a change of life. Snippets of feelings, reactions. People walked
:24:29. > :24:37.up to me and said, I will be looking at you, please be good.
:24:37. > :24:41.Don't cry when he talks to use. don't want to Labour it, but
:24:41. > :24:46.Question Time, it is about the voice of the people. Ordinary
:24:46. > :24:54.people putting their points to political figures. People would say
:24:54. > :24:59.opera? Covent Garden? It is done by Experian -- et experimental wing.
:24:59. > :25:04.It gives people like me, one hour on the stage and say, make
:25:04. > :25:09.something new, do something new with the form. Covent Garden allows
:25:09. > :25:15.that? The opera talks about feelings. He won't get a whole
:25:15. > :25:20.narrative, you'll get people who can say things, I don't like what
:25:20. > :25:24.he just said. Or I agree with what he said. Looking at images from
:25:24. > :25:30.those programmes, you were sitting next to him, even though you had
:25:30. > :25:36.your back to him. I have not seen that programme, this is the first
:25:36. > :25:40.time. You write, you are commentator, you are an anti-racist
:25:40. > :25:45.campaigner in many ways. People say you dignified the arguments of the
:25:45. > :25:49.anti- immigration of the BNP by simply sitting next to him? It is
:25:49. > :25:55.important in a democracy, and we say this in the opera, people have
:25:55. > :26:00.freedom of speech. If they speak in peace, they must have that freedom.
:26:00. > :26:03.It gives people like me, and what the opera does, is take a
:26:04. > :26:08.misinformation, expose it and give it the opportunity of truth of
:26:08. > :26:12.correction. One of the problems all over the world is there are
:26:12. > :26:16.prominent people who are using their feelings and putting and
:26:16. > :26:20.misinformation about the fact this is an island of immigrants.
:26:20. > :26:26.Everything and everybody is descended from an income up, an
:26:26. > :26:34.invader or an immigrant. In 20 seconds, what is the music like?
:26:34. > :26:40.is a range of reggae, gospel and beautiful Mozart. It is a hybrid to
:26:40. > :26:44.reflect the rich background of people here? It is. Thanks for
:26:44. > :26:49.coming to talk to us. Before we go, let's remind you of