Wadah Khanfar - Former Director General, Al Jazeera

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:00:07. > :00:14.dangerous dog to be out in the public. Those are the headlines. It

:00:14. > :00:18.is time for HARDtalk. The satellite TV station Al Jazeera is credited

:00:19. > :00:22.with giving ordinary Arabs a platform from which to challenge

:00:23. > :00:28.their government. Day-by-day it has been covering the dramatic events

:00:28. > :00:34.of the Arab Spring using the latest technology on both its Arabic and

:00:34. > :00:39.English channels. Is it selective in whom it criticises? My guest is

:00:39. > :00:44.Wadah Khanfar, he was the boss of Al Jazeera for ten years. Was the

:00:44. > :00:54.coverage biased on his watch? Why did he leave Al Jazeera in the

:00:54. > :01:17.

:01:17. > :01:26.midst of the biggest news event in the Arab world for decades? Wadah

:01:26. > :01:32.Khanfar, welcome to HARDtalk. Has the coverage of the Arab Spring

:01:32. > :01:42.been biased? I do not think so. They have done a fantastic job

:01:42. > :01:45.

:01:45. > :01:53.covering the Arab Spring since it started. The coverage is continuing.

:01:53. > :02:00.I think Al Jazeera is doing very well in following the developments

:02:01. > :02:09.and evolutions. There is a criticism that Al Jazeera's

:02:09. > :02:17.coverage has focused more on Egypt, Libya, Syria, downplaying the

:02:17. > :02:27.unrest in Bahrain and Saudi Arabia. Evidence on the ground it defines

:02:27. > :02:31.

:02:31. > :02:35.what coverage you put on the screen. The Bahraini up rising did not

:02:35. > :02:44.evolve into a revolution like what happened in Egypt and Libya and so

:02:44. > :02:54.on. Second, the situation in all of these countries, if you take Egypt,

:02:54. > :02:55.

:02:55. > :02:59.it was central in the way that you look at the Middle East.

:02:59. > :03:04.Unfortunately in places like Bahrain there has been sectarian

:03:04. > :03:14.divide. The issue should not become as prominent as the Egyptian or

:03:14. > :03:18.

:03:18. > :03:21.The criticism that Al Jazeera pulled back on coverage at home.

:03:22. > :03:30.The President of a human rights group said that the programme did

:03:30. > :03:40.not do enough to cover the event. He said they will only question

:03:40. > :03:45.

:03:45. > :03:55.governmental people. We did do that very well. The Bahraini government

:03:55. > :03:58.

:03:58. > :04:07.is more upset with cell than anyone else. -- one with Al Jazeera --

:04:07. > :04:13.with Al Jazeera. Somebody who has studied the coverage of middle

:04:13. > :04:23.Eastern events, a senior at the Washington Institute, says Al

:04:23. > :04:26.

:04:26. > :04:36.Jazeera is on the line, and the coverage of Bahrain is a example of

:04:36. > :04:38.

:04:38. > :04:48.poor reportage. There were glaring omissions on your part. This is not

:04:48. > :04:50.

:04:50. > :05:00.true. We covered Bahrain, developing and evil thing at the

:05:00. > :05:00.

:05:00. > :05:10.same time. There was more interest in what was happening in Egypt --

:05:10. > :05:28.

:05:28. > :05:38.of -- evolving. But you did not cover certain events? Going into

:05:38. > :05:44.

:05:44. > :05:53.Bahrain was covered on Al Jazeera. We have never tried to take

:05:53. > :06:03.coverage amounts of our programme. -- out of the power programme.

:06:03. > :06:07.

:06:07. > :06:14.you are saying he did cover it? very professionally. Was there but

:06:14. > :06:23.political pressure on you do not cover it? Last battle. What about

:06:23. > :06:28.the process in the eastern provinces? -- not at all --

:06:28. > :06:36.protests. There were four young people who were killed during the

:06:36. > :06:42.protests. Al Jazeera Arabic did cover the story but just said what

:06:42. > :06:46.the authorities had say, which was the young people had been caught in

:06:46. > :06:51.crossfire when security forces had fired. You did not question it.

:06:51. > :06:59.That is an example of how Al Jazeera did not cover the unrest in

:06:59. > :07:04.the area. Until I left, the policies the show is following and

:07:04. > :07:12.I hope is continuing to follow, is that when any story happens it

:07:12. > :07:18.should be covered without any political agenda. This is what we

:07:18. > :07:27.have been doing for 15 years. This particular story, I am not so aware

:07:27. > :07:33.of the way that we covered it. reasons I say this to you is that

:07:33. > :07:43.it is easy for Al Jazeera to cover the up people's in Libya. True, it

:07:43. > :08:01.

:08:01. > :08:07.was an international co-operation - - our peoples. -- upheavals. These

:08:07. > :08:16.were countries where it was easy to cover the crisis. But in your own

:08:16. > :08:25.country, there were other issues. The friendship between President

:08:25. > :08:35.Bashar al-Assad and the government was very close. The relationship

:08:35. > :08:45.

:08:45. > :08:53.between Pixar and Emma was instrumental -- que -- Qatar. --

:08:53. > :09:01.and the government. There was an exchange of investment

:09:01. > :09:11.opportunities. During the revolution, this country supported

:09:11. > :09:13.

:09:13. > :09:20.the public. Other countries were reluctant to support the uprising.

:09:20. > :09:27.So it is fair to say that when someone like the American

:09:27. > :09:37.ambassador says Al Jazeera Arabic news channel will continue to be an

:09:37. > :09:37.

:09:37. > :09:47.instruments of the influence of the government. He said this in 2009.

:09:47. > :09:49.

:09:49. > :09:59.He has his own way of thinking. During his stay in this country, he

:09:59. > :09:59.

:09:59. > :10:09.was trying to locates Al Jazeera with the Americans. It has never

:10:09. > :10:18.

:10:18. > :10:28.been a tour of the country's foreign policy. -- a tool. But was

:10:28. > :10:40.

:10:40. > :10:46.it an indirect tool? That is nothing. So, when you were in

:10:46. > :10:56.charge, the Qatari goverment had no influence. We listen to many

:10:56. > :11:03.

:11:03. > :11:13.countried. -- countries. Many times the leader of the goverment was

:11:13. > :11:23.

:11:23. > :11:33.unhappy with how we covered things. There was a centre set up for the

:11:33. > :11:42.

:11:42. > :11:52.freedom of the media. An ex-member of Doctors Without Borders was

:11:52. > :11:55.

:11:55. > :12:04.appointed to lead it. He left because he said there was no

:12:04. > :12:14.freedom of speech accepted in the country. Al Jareeza was adopting

:12:14. > :12:23.

:12:23. > :12:33.professional standard. -- standards. Al Jazeera has had very

:12:33. > :12:46.

:12:46. > :12:52.professional reporting. You were never uncomfortable working for the

:12:52. > :13:02.network when it was funded by the monarchy there? Like the BBc, it is

:13:02. > :13:09.

:13:09. > :13:19.publicly funded. The BBC is funded by the taxpayer. The monarchy fund

:13:19. > :13:37.

:13:37. > :13:43.Al Jazeera outright. Qatar was under fire for many years.

:13:43. > :13:53.Democracy is eventually going to be everywhere. The governments are

:13:53. > :13:55.

:13:55. > :14:05.trying to make reforms. Even in Qatar? Next year they will have

:14:05. > :14:13.

:14:13. > :14:19.What do you make of that? I think Al Jazeera has grown in the past

:14:19. > :14:25.year is from one TV station to more than 20 TV stations. Al Jazeera

:14:25. > :14:33.started with 200 people to up to 2,500 people. How does it look when

:14:33. > :14:39.you have appointed this member of the royal family as part of the

:14:39. > :14:45.news team. That is not an issue, the issue is what is he going to do

:14:45. > :14:52.in this organisation. You said that Qatar is moving towards greater

:14:52. > :14:56.freedom of speech and democracy, you are a Palestinian, someone who

:14:56. > :15:05.worked as a war correspondent, people understood that you were in

:15:05. > :15:10.the position you were in Al Jazeera, now they have this little knowing

:15:10. > :15:17.royal who is heading Al Jazeera, how will that it received? It is

:15:17. > :15:21.not always necessary to have the Director General as a journalist.

:15:21. > :15:26.In many networks, the chief executive is involved in issues

:15:26. > :15:34.related to marketing and administration and so on. To judge

:15:34. > :15:39.the new general director we should see... Regardless of what happens

:15:39. > :15:46.in November and the elections. Protests in Saudi Arabia were not

:15:46. > :15:51.covered. Why did you leave Al Jazeera? You leave in the midst of

:15:51. > :15:59.the events, September, the revelations were in full swing,

:15:59. > :16:09.what made you go? I have been there for some time. In my opinion I have

:16:09. > :16:13.

:16:13. > :16:19.given and achieved... I realised that there is some kind of new

:16:19. > :16:26.force in the region. How could you leave, the best stories in

:16:26. > :16:32.journalism, Libya was up in the air, how could you leave at that time?

:16:32. > :16:37.felt that at the peak of the coverage of the Egyptian revolution

:16:37. > :16:47.has led to a new reality in the new Arab world. I thought I could

:16:47. > :16:50.

:16:50. > :16:59.become part of helping the these states. Did you choose to go

:16:59. > :17:07.of your own three well? Yes, I did. -- free will. After eight years of

:17:07. > :17:15.me staying as a Director General, I am not going to continue. After

:17:15. > :17:20.that any Director General will start repeating himself. What Al

:17:20. > :17:30.Jazeera has achieved in 15 years, could be wiped out in 15 days, is

:17:30. > :17:37.that not a sign you are quite worried about your legacy? Actually,

:17:37. > :17:42.I said that many times when I was Director General. I believe it. I

:17:42. > :17:48.believe the most important thing in Al Jazeera is independence. If that

:17:48. > :17:54.is not going to be maintained, Al Jazeera will lose credibility. This

:17:54. > :17:57.statement actually, it is not new. People love Al Jazeera and they

:17:57. > :18:05.watched Al Jazeera because they are providing them with something that

:18:05. > :18:14.cannot be found on state TV stations. If Al Jazeera does not

:18:14. > :18:20.maintain the professional standards, I think it will lose... You say

:18:20. > :18:26.independence, but I will give you one example. We got this through

:18:26. > :18:30.WikiLeaks, a cable sent by a US ambassador to Qatar in 2005,

:18:30. > :18:35.described a US embassy official, asking you to tone down your

:18:35. > :18:42.coverage of the Iraq war because your ex -- showing explicit images

:18:42. > :18:46.of children and women. That is a trademark of Al Jazeera, you show

:18:46. > :18:52.more than what we do in the BBC, he responded with a sigh, you said it

:18:52. > :18:57.you would remove the few peace. But in a few days, because if you did

:18:57. > :19:07.it immediately it would be two of the has. More than 420 cables

:19:07. > :19:13.

:19:13. > :19:22.breath -- where -- were sent, in all of them the Americans asked us

:19:22. > :19:27.to do something and we refused. In regards to this, 0 Al Jazeera made

:19:27. > :19:37.a mistake. You made a mistake. Jazeera made a mistake in covering

:19:37. > :19:38.

:19:38. > :19:43.the story. With our code of conduct if we make a mistake we should

:19:43. > :19:48.remove it for starve that is exactly what we did. That policy

:19:48. > :19:55.was with the relationship with America, China, any country in the

:19:55. > :19:59.world. Whoever comes to us and protests against a story, if it is

:19:59. > :20:08.limited in as far as our professional standards are

:20:09. > :20:15.concerned, we will remove the story. But if it is to enhance their image,

:20:15. > :20:21.we will have... Isn't this what it is about? The images inflamed

:20:21. > :20:25.passions and made people, and bold and against the Americans the...

:20:25. > :20:35.That story you are talking about was a particular incident.

:20:35. > :20:41.

:20:41. > :20:45.caved in to pressure. Not at all. Americans or not, it is because we

:20:45. > :20:53.respect professional standards. The Americans pressurised us hundreds

:20:53. > :21:01.of times, it was one incident where they were right and we were wrong.

:21:01. > :21:07.This is a Certificate of professionalism. After 2005, read

:21:07. > :21:11.the Americans happy with the Al Jazeera coverage? They are now.

:21:11. > :21:20.Hillary Clinton has applauded the year. Talking about WikiLeaks, one

:21:20. > :21:30.clear trademark of 0 Al Jazeera is that you cover the Palestinian-

:21:30. > :21:31.

:21:31. > :21:35.Israeli dispute. The fact of the matter is, the PLO was extremely

:21:35. > :21:41.upset with the coverage that you are stationed gave three the

:21:41. > :21:46.WikiLeaks story trying to imply that the PLO, Mahmoud Abbas, Brecht

:21:46. > :21:55.Ho yin to the Israelis in some way. He describes it as a smear campaign

:21:55. > :22:01.by Al Jazeera. -- toadying. You champion the Palestinian cause, yet

:22:01. > :22:05.at the same time you are undermining the Palestinian

:22:05. > :22:15.leadership, Mahmoud Abbas was negotiating. We are not championing

:22:15. > :22:15.

:22:15. > :22:19.any cause. The issue that Al Jazeera got exclusively, the

:22:19. > :22:26.complete file of the negotiations between the Palestinians and

:22:26. > :22:29.Israelis. Thousands of pages. After going through it and summarising it

:22:29. > :22:39.and understanding it, we decide the public should know what is

:22:39. > :22:43.happening. We did cover it through intensive coverage. It was with co-

:22:43. > :22:48.operation with the Guardian. The issue was, it was a Certificate for

:22:49. > :22:54.Al Jazeera, we did one of our finest jobs as investigative

:22:54. > :23:00.journalists. It gave a proper understanding of what is happening.

:23:00. > :23:08.You said you took it all out of context. He complained to Ofcom, we

:23:08. > :23:14.lost the case. Not only that, Ofcom, in its ruling, said Al Jazeera

:23:14. > :23:19.adopted the highest possible standards, there was nothing that

:23:19. > :23:24.Mahmoud Abbas should be upset... Middle East is known for its lack

:23:24. > :23:27.of freedom, we have now seen the Arab Spring, do you think it is

:23:27. > :23:33.going to change quite soon and for the better that the Arab ordinary

:23:33. > :23:38.person will find their voice? has already started. When it

:23:38. > :23:43.started we had no choice. The new generation, the youth of the Arab

:23:43. > :23:49.world have taken the lead. In my opinion, what will happen in the

:23:49. > :23:53.next few years is the transition to stable democracy, that were not

:23:53. > :23:57.only changed the political landscape but the social and

:23:57. > :24:01.economic landscape and the future of the Arab world is going to be