:00:00. > :00:15.Welcome to HARDtalk, from the Hay Literary Festival,
:00:16. > :00:18.in Wales. Today I'm joined by a packed
:00:19. > :00:20.audience eager to hear from the American politician
:00:21. > :00:23.who defied conventional wisdom to inject passion and radicalism
:00:24. > :00:26.into last year's US presidential election.
:00:27. > :00:29.No, not Donald Trump but the self-styled socialist
:00:30. > :00:35.who challenged Hillary Clinton for the Democratic party nomination,
:00:36. > :00:38.Bernie Sanders. His movement did not carry him
:00:39. > :00:42.all the way to the White House but has he planted the seed of
:00:43. > :00:58.a revolution in American politics? CHEERING AND APPLAUSE.
:00:59. > :01:05.Bernie Sanders, welcome to HARDtalk.
:01:06. > :01:08.Great to be with you. I think we have to begin by reflect
:01:09. > :01:14.things on what happened in November, 2016.
:01:15. > :01:16.Can you explain to me and explain to this audience how come
:01:17. > :01:19.Donald Trump was put into the White House by voters,
:01:20. > :01:26.many of whom were those working-class, blue-collar Americans
:01:27. > :01:29.that your campaign was all about? Explain it.
:01:30. > :01:35.Let me explain it in two ways. First of all, it is important
:01:36. > :01:39.for everyone to remember that, while Donald Trump of course one
:01:40. > :01:42.the presidency because he won the majority of the Electoral
:01:43. > :01:45.College, he lost the popular vote by almost 3 million votes so 3
:01:46. > :01:57.million more people voted for Clinton then voted for Trump.
:01:58. > :02:00.Number two, I think and what I say very often, is that it wasn't
:02:01. > :02:03.so much that Trump - who by the way was the most
:02:04. > :02:07.unpopular candidate for president in the history of the United States,
:02:08. > :02:09.very unpopular - it was not so much that Trump won
:02:10. > :02:14.but that the Democratic Party lost. And by that I mean,
:02:15. > :02:19.not just the presidential election, the Republicans now control the US
:02:20. > :02:22.House, the US Senate, almost two thirds of the governage
:02:23. > :02:26.chairs in America and in the last nine years, running against a party
:02:27. > :02:29.that has moved extremely far to the right, the Republicans,
:02:30. > :02:35.Democrats have lost almost 1,000 seats in state
:02:36. > :02:39.legislatures throughout America. So the real question to be asked is,
:02:40. > :02:50.what has happened to the Democratic Party?
:02:51. > :02:52.Why is its strategy and its message failing to such a significant
:02:53. > :02:55.degree? Second part of the answer is that,
:02:56. > :02:59.and tied to the first part, is that while the economy
:03:00. > :03:01.in the United States under President Obama absolutely improved
:03:02. > :03:04.over that eight year period - unemployment went down,
:03:05. > :03:08.deficit went down, a lot of other improvements - the truth
:03:09. > :03:18.of the matter is that millions and millions of Americans were left
:03:19. > :03:21.behind amidst the global economy. In other words, what Trump saw
:03:22. > :03:24.is there was a level of desperation not been dealt
:03:25. > :03:26.with by the Democrats. Do you accept a level
:03:27. > :03:30.of responsibility for what you call the failure of the Democratic Party?
:03:31. > :03:33.I mean, I know you ran against Hillary and you portrayed
:03:34. > :03:38.Hillary Clinton as, frankly, part of the problem,
:03:39. > :03:42.as an elitist Democrat who was out of touch with ordinary Americans.
:03:43. > :03:45.You said she was far too much in hock to Wall Street and the big
:03:46. > :03:49.financiers and the corporate interests.
:03:50. > :03:51.But in the end, you backed Hillary and do you accept your part
:03:52. > :03:56.of responsibility in the Democratic failure?
:03:57. > :04:01.No, actually, I think that the transition
:04:02. > :04:05.in the Democratic Party that we are seeing today echoes much
:04:06. > :04:09.of what I have been saying for the last 25 years and I think
:04:10. > :04:14.what Democrats now understand is you cannot go to working people
:04:15. > :04:18.who are living in desperation and say that you are for them
:04:19. > :04:21.at the same time as you are taking huge amounts of money
:04:22. > :04:25.from Wall Street, the insurance companies, the drug companies
:04:26. > :04:29.and the fossil fuel industry. But do you in any way regret
:04:30. > :04:30.the lumps you kicked out of Hillary Clinton?
:04:31. > :04:34.Because if you had not, she might be in the White House?
:04:35. > :04:38.No, I do not accept that at all and what I accept is the fact
:04:39. > :04:40.that our campaign brought millions and millions of people
:04:41. > :04:43.into the political process. Donald Trump did not need me
:04:44. > :04:48.to understand that Hillary Clinton gave speeches before Wall Street.
:04:49. > :04:51.Did not need me to understand Hillary Clinton's record.
:04:52. > :04:56.What we did in our campaign, to a large degree, is created
:04:57. > :04:59.a whole lot of excitement and some of that excitement came
:05:00. > :05:04.into the Democratic Party and came into the Hillary Clinton's campaign.
:05:05. > :05:07.You have an analysis of politics, not just in America
:05:08. > :05:10.but across the world, but let's just stick to America
:05:11. > :05:13.for the moment. It seems to me, in a sense,
:05:14. > :05:16.quite old-fashioned. You talk a lot about class...
:05:17. > :05:20.That is old fashion! LAUGHTER.
:05:21. > :05:23.If it is old-fashioned to say that the very rich are getting
:05:24. > :05:28.richer while most everybody else is getting poorer,
:05:29. > :05:34.if that's old-fashioned, then old fashioned is absolutely correct.
:05:35. > :05:37.The truth is, not that my ideas are old, but the truth is that
:05:38. > :05:40.politicians all over this world are running away from the basic
:05:41. > :05:42.issue that billionaires increasingly control economies and political
:05:43. > :05:56.systems all over the world. But hang on a minute,...
:05:57. > :05:58.CHEERING AND APPLAUSE. Working-class Americans...
:05:59. > :06:00.APPLAUSE ... Working-class Americans
:06:01. > :06:03.in their hundreds and thousands made millions in states like Michigan,
:06:04. > :06:05.Wisconsin, and the so-called rust belt of America, they voted
:06:06. > :06:11.for a billionaire. And to my mind, the major reason
:06:12. > :06:15.many working-class people voted for Donald Trump is the following -
:06:16. > :06:20.as I said a moment ago, the economy improved under Obama
:06:21. > :06:24.but the truth is that many people were left behind so you have
:06:25. > :06:28.over the last 40 years, tens of thousands of factories
:06:29. > :06:32.in the United States that once provided people with decent wages,
:06:33. > :06:36.decent efforts, they are gone and you have towns in America
:06:37. > :06:40.where Main Street is boarded up, where young people are
:06:41. > :06:44.leaving those towns. You have half of all the workers
:06:45. > :06:52.in America today, as they approached retirement age, do you know how much
:06:53. > :06:55.money they have in the bank when they are 66 -
:06:56. > :06:58.over half of all American workers - they have nothing in the bank.
:06:59. > :07:00.They are scared to death. You have young people
:07:01. > :07:03.leaving school $40,000, $50,000 in debt or more
:07:04. > :07:09.so my response to you is there is a lot of pain in America
:07:10. > :07:13.and Donald Trump addressed that pain and he said, I am going to be
:07:14. > :07:15.a different type of Republican. I hear your pain.
:07:16. > :07:17.I am going to take on the establishment,
:07:18. > :07:18.the politics, the political establishment, the economic
:07:19. > :07:21.establishment. Do you know what the
:07:22. > :07:24.only problem was? Donald Trump lied and he had no
:07:25. > :07:27.intention of doing it. He didn't lie on everything
:07:28. > :07:29.and on some issues he actually was not 1 million miles
:07:30. > :07:32.from Bernie Sanders. He railed against globalisation,
:07:33. > :07:43.he railed against the trade deal deals which Obama and the Clintons
:07:44. > :07:45.had back, including the North American Free Trade
:07:46. > :07:51.Agreement, the Trans-Pacific Partnership...
:07:52. > :07:54.Yep... In just the same way that you did
:07:55. > :07:56.and he has not lied, he has delivered.
:07:57. > :07:58.He has backed off the Trans-Pacific Partnership.
:07:59. > :08:01.He says he is going to renegotiate Nafta.
:08:02. > :08:03.And in that way it seems to me your class-based analysis
:08:04. > :08:05.and your left- right language doesn't actually explain
:08:06. > :08:09.what is happening in America. I think it does explain it.
:08:10. > :08:12.The fact that Trump understood that when we are running up huge trade
:08:13. > :08:15.deficit, when many corporations are shutting down and moving
:08:16. > :08:17.to China and Mexico and throwing American workers out on the street
:08:18. > :08:20.because they can get cheap Labour abroad,
:08:21. > :08:22.it is true that many Democrats supported that,
:08:23. > :08:24.it is true that Bill Clinton, under the Clinton administration did
:08:25. > :08:27.that as well. I voted against that.
:08:28. > :08:30.And you are right, Trump is right to point out that those trade
:08:31. > :08:33.policies have been extremely bad but where he lied,
:08:34. > :08:36.where he lied is he said, I'm going to be on the side
:08:37. > :08:38.of working people. Well, he is not.
:08:39. > :08:41.If you look at the health-care proposal that he is supporting,
:08:42. > :08:44.if you look at the budget that he is supporting,
:08:45. > :08:45.these are disastrous proposals for the working people
:08:46. > :08:48.of this country. It's not even just
:08:49. > :08:51.about economics, is it? It's about culture and identity
:08:52. > :08:53.as well and it seems to me that Donald Trump, even though
:08:54. > :08:57.he is mega- wealthy, he's very anti- elite.
:08:58. > :08:59.He hates the elites, at least he says he does.
:09:00. > :09:01.Really? That's news for the Well,
:09:02. > :09:04.American people. He just appointed virtually all
:09:05. > :09:06.of the elite to his administration. He has more billionaires
:09:07. > :09:10.in his administration than any president in the history
:09:11. > :09:12.of the United States. But my point is not really
:09:13. > :09:16.about Trump, it's getting back to your analysis of...
:09:17. > :09:19.I was going to say of your own party but interestingly you are actually
:09:20. > :09:21.an Independent who chose to fight in the aquatic primary...
:09:22. > :09:23.That's right. You are not a long
:09:24. > :09:26.signed up Democrat. But if you look at the language
:09:27. > :09:34.of Hillary Clinton, she used the word deplorable
:09:35. > :09:37.is about Trump supporters. Look at Barack Obama after one
:09:38. > :09:40.of the terrible gun murder incident in the United States,
:09:41. > :09:42.he talked about bitter people living in middle America with their guns
:09:43. > :09:45.and their religion. Words that he later regretted but it
:09:46. > :09:48.suggests that there is something about the Liberal professional
:09:49. > :09:52.outlook which does not connect with ordinary folks in much
:09:53. > :09:54.of your country and I am not sure that even you necessarily connect
:09:55. > :09:57.with some of those people either. Well, thank you, but I would
:09:58. > :10:00.respectfully disagree. I think we do pretty well
:10:01. > :10:03.with working people throughout the United States of America
:10:04. > :10:15.and I think that many working people understand that the recent
:10:16. > :10:18.being profoundly wrong -- there is. when they are working
:10:19. > :10:21.longer hours for low wages and, in the United States,
:10:22. > :10:23.52% of all new income is going to the top 1%.
:10:24. > :10:26.The American worker understands there is something absurd
:10:27. > :10:30.about the fact that he or she cannot afford to send their kids to college
:10:31. > :10:36.by the United States college bailed out the crooks on Wall Street
:10:37. > :10:39.so I think we do a pretty good job. Not perfect but I proud
:10:40. > :10:42.of the record that I have in support from so many unions
:10:43. > :10:45.and millions of working people throughout my country.
:10:46. > :10:48.Do you still call yourself a democratic socialist?
:10:49. > :10:56.Absolutely. For you, redistribution
:10:57. > :10:58.is a key to economic reform? I think, Stephen, that
:10:59. > :11:02.from an economic and moral - the Pope, Pope Francis,
:11:03. > :11:05.who have a lot of respect for, raises this issue on a very profound
:11:06. > :11:11.way - we as a nation, my country, has got to ask ourselves
:11:12. > :11:15.about the morality of the situation where the top one tenth of 1% now
:11:16. > :11:21.owns more wealth or as much wealth as the bottom 90%.
:11:22. > :11:31.Where 52% of all new income goes to the top 1%.
:11:32. > :11:38.Where globally the top 1% now owns more wealth than the bottom 99%.
:11:39. > :11:40.I am less interested in the top 1%, all 0.1% billionaires
:11:41. > :11:43.and multi- millionaire 's, I am interested in professional
:11:44. > :11:46.people who, in the United States, might be earning $100,000 a year,
:11:47. > :11:49.in the UK it might be ?80,000, whatever, here is the problem
:11:50. > :11:51.and there are some fascinating results just done
:11:52. > :11:53.by the New York Times, looking at the Democratic Party...
:11:54. > :12:02.I saw that article. You saw that article.
:12:03. > :12:04.It was one of the dumber article is I have read
:12:05. > :12:08.in a long time. Let me just quote a little bit
:12:09. > :12:11.of it, for you and the audience. Those in the top 10% on the income
:12:12. > :12:14.distribution voted 47% for Clinton is against 46% for Trump.
:12:15. > :12:17.In other words, the rich and the professional and the moneyed
:12:18. > :12:19.and the comfortable are Democrats just as much if not more
:12:20. > :12:22.than they're Republicans. So it is not about
:12:23. > :12:26.them and us any more... Stephen, I happen not to consider
:12:27. > :12:29.somebody who makes a year rich. What I happen to be terribly
:12:30. > :12:37.concerned about, and we cannot run away from this issue,
:12:38. > :12:40.you may not be concerned about alien -- billionaires, I think you
:12:41. > :12:42.should because I think growth in the United States
:12:43. > :12:45.in the last 17 years, you know what we've seen?
:12:46. > :12:49.We have seen the middle-class shrinking, we have seen 33 million
:12:50. > :12:51.people living in poverty and we have seen at ten times increase
:12:52. > :12:55.in the number of billionaires. Let me interrupted for a sec.
:12:56. > :12:58.What I'm concerned about is where you win or you gather together
:12:59. > :13:00.a winning coalition of voters because, for all of your
:13:01. > :13:06.achievements in 2016, you didn't win and Donald Trump
:13:07. > :13:10.is in the White House so going forward, how does the left,
:13:11. > :13:13.the sort of people who support your views, how do you translate big
:13:14. > :13:18.support, young people coming, flocking to your rallies
:13:19. > :13:20.and everything else, how do you transport that
:13:21. > :13:29.into a winning formula because you have got to innocent
:13:30. > :13:30.is persuade people who are comfortably off
:13:31. > :13:36.to be altruistic... No, no, no, no,...
:13:37. > :13:38.I understand that article and it really is quite incorrect.
:13:39. > :13:41.What the article got wrong is that it said Bernie Sanders
:13:42. > :13:45.is going to tax everybody. What they forgot to talk
:13:46. > :13:50.about in the article, by the way we're writing a response
:13:51. > :13:53.to that, is that much of the tax revenue goes to providing healthcare
:13:54. > :13:55.to all people and will save tens of millions of middle-class families
:13:56. > :13:59.substantial sums of money. Right now, you have the middle-class
:14:00. > :14:02.family, and again, I know it is hard for folks in the UK to understand
:14:03. > :14:10.this absurdity, but in America you have a middle-class family -
:14:11. > :14:13.husband and wife, two kids - who should be paying $15,000,
:14:14. > :14:14.$18,000 a year for healthcare. Our health-care proposal
:14:15. > :14:16.eliminates that. Yes, it asks them
:14:17. > :14:18.to pay more in taxes. Unfortunately, the author
:14:19. > :14:25.of that article forgot to mention that aspect.
:14:26. > :14:30.Just a couple of quickfire questions, some were puzzled by a
:14:31. > :14:33.particular stance you took, one was on your refusal over years,
:14:34. > :14:38.actually, to support the more radical proposals to controlling gun
:14:39. > :14:42.ownership in the United States. E.g. Do that because of this identity of
:14:43. > :14:46.politics at work about. Did you do this because you thought that would
:14:47. > :14:50.appeal to working class, blue-collar Americans? I did that because I come
:14:51. > :14:53.from a state that has zero gun control but I represent the state,
:14:54. > :14:58.where there is virtually no gun control and, by the way, the crime
:14:59. > :15:03.rate and the murder rate, thank God, are very low. In rural Vermont you
:15:04. > :15:07.had your TV and you switch it on and you look at the terrible events of
:15:08. > :15:11.Sandy Hook school... I am -- my record on gun control has been a
:15:12. > :15:16.strong record. You have repeatedly refused to back the measures that
:15:17. > :15:22.some call the Brady measures to impose strict limits on... By and
:15:23. > :15:27.large, I received, my memory is correct, about I think it was a D
:15:28. > :15:31.minus voting record for the NRA. So I don't think that makes me very
:15:32. > :15:36.sympathetic to their point of view. Another question, we have spoken
:15:37. > :15:40.about winning support, getting great grassroots activism on your site,
:15:41. > :15:44.but translating it into big race, even today, even though you were
:15:45. > :15:47.still criss-crossing the country, getting people out, supporting you,
:15:48. > :15:51.building a movement, I looked at your record recently, you had a
:15:52. > :15:56.candidate - I mean, a close associate of yours is a state
:15:57. > :16:04.Democratic Party, you lost. One second. We lost, in other words, in
:16:05. > :16:08.California, tens of thousands of young people, not young people,
:16:09. > :16:14.working people, and unions, took on an establishment which has run that
:16:15. > :16:21.party for a very long time. We were not successful. But called losing,
:16:22. > :16:25.yeah. When you take on people with an enormous amount of power, you do
:16:26. > :16:29.not win on your first shot. There is no debate. If you look at what is
:16:30. > :16:34.going on of the Democratic but Fong, do you know what is happening there?
:16:35. > :16:38.90% of what I campaigned on. Do you know the legislation that is coming
:16:39. > :16:42.forth from Democrats now? What I campaigned on. Last week we
:16:43. > :16:47.introduced legislation that would it increase the rate to $15 an hour. We
:16:48. > :16:49.are fighting legislation with national support to guarantee
:16:50. > :16:54.healthcare to all people through a Medicare or a single-payer system so
:16:55. > :16:57.if your point of view is that overnight, you can bring a political
:16:58. > :17:02.revolution to the United States, I don't think so. I never thought so.
:17:03. > :17:14.And I think no serious political reporter thinks so. Is that you're
:17:15. > :17:19.way off...? Applause. Is that... Is that you're way of signing to me and
:17:20. > :17:23.this audience and the world that you have no intention of backing down?
:17:24. > :17:27.You are going to be running for president again? I didn't say that
:17:28. > :17:32.at all. You said this is a long-term process, one shot, you said, does
:17:33. > :17:36.not solve this process. I didn't say one shot but I said one campaign
:17:37. > :17:41.will not change the world but look, we are taking on an establishment.
:17:42. > :17:43.That means we are taking on a Republican Party that is backed by
:17:44. > :17:48.multibillionaires with endless amounts of money. We are taking on a
:17:49. > :17:53.democratic party which, for the last 30 years, has moved to the right,
:17:54. > :17:58.lost its contact with working people and young people. Now, do you think
:17:59. > :18:03.overnight we will bring victory? We won't. Many of your people want to
:18:04. > :18:07.know if you will run again. It is to early to talk about that. One of the
:18:08. > :18:11.problems we have in America is media focuses on the easy stuff. Will be
:18:12. > :18:15.run for president? I'll tell you what I'm doing right now. What I'm
:18:16. > :18:18.doing is taking on Donald Trump a disastrous health proposal that rose
:18:19. > :18:22.20 3 million people off health insurance. I am taking on his
:18:23. > :18:28.budget, which gives $2.5 trillion in tax wrecks to the top 1% and makes
:18:29. > :18:31.massive cup to the needs of working people. Let's talk about other
:18:32. > :18:34.aspects of what Donald Trump has offered the American people but
:18:35. > :18:38.again, it seems to be relevant to what we hear from any political
:18:39. > :18:42.movement in Europe and elsewhere as well, particularly movement that
:18:43. > :18:46.were traditionally characterised of the right and and what they are
:18:47. > :18:51.doing at the moment is telling a narrative which weaves together
:18:52. > :18:59.nationalism, protectionism, and to some extent a fear of immigration.
:19:00. > :19:02.And it is a powerful cocktail. You could argue that narrative was
:19:03. > :19:06.powerful Taringa Brexit referendum in the UK, you could argue it is
:19:07. > :19:11.powerful in Eastern Europe in countries like Hungary, it certainly
:19:12. > :19:15.grabbed hold with Marine Le Pen in France. In some ways it is the right
:19:16. > :19:18.and some elements of the far right who appeared to be using language
:19:19. > :19:24.which many ordinary people can relate to. Well, but you know, there
:19:25. > :19:29.is nothing new about that. Here in Europe you should be more aware of
:19:30. > :19:33.the role that demagogues have played for a very, very long period of
:19:34. > :19:39.time. When demagoguery is about, what you are describing... That is
:19:40. > :19:43.your word, not mine. Excuse me, I understand what you are saying.
:19:44. > :19:48.What's demagoguery is about is scapegoating minorities who have no
:19:49. > :19:53.power. Who are saying to people who have lost their jobs or working
:19:54. > :19:59.longer hours for low wages it is the Muslims who are responsible for you
:20:00. > :20:04.losing your job is all working for low wages. It is Latinos in the
:20:05. > :20:08.United States who are responsible. The antidote to that is to create a
:20:09. > :20:13.powerful movement of working-class people who have the guts not to
:20:14. > :20:17.scapegoat minorities but have the guts to take on the billionaire
:20:18. > :20:25.class that we should be talking about. What interests me about
:20:26. > :20:30.you... Applause. What interests me about you is that in some areas, you
:20:31. > :20:34.are not afraid to enter the territory that, for example, in the
:20:35. > :20:37.United States, Donald Trump is in which is talking about
:20:38. > :20:41.protectionism. First of all I would suggest that many of the ideas or
:20:42. > :20:46.some of those ideas, they were ideas I have been talking about for years.
:20:47. > :20:51.You talk about protectionism. I use the word that trade policies. This
:20:52. > :20:56.trade would ring? Of course it is. Do you want to trade? I will give
:20:57. > :21:01.you a dollar, you know, and you give me $1000. That would be a good trade
:21:02. > :21:06.for me. Who do you think and write these trade agreements? You think it
:21:07. > :21:13.is working people? People working in factories? Farmers? Leave me, I am
:21:14. > :21:15.fair, these are the executives of major multinational corporations,
:21:16. > :21:20.the drug companies, and Wall Street, they make this trade agreements, a
:21:21. > :21:21.work for those people, and they are often quite bad for ordinary
:21:22. > :21:40.workers. I was taken by something Barack
:21:41. > :21:46.Obama said the other day, he was talking about his view of America
:21:47. > :21:50.and a big, bold inclusive dynamic America, the America we love so
:21:51. > :21:55.much. It seems to me that America doesn't actually exist right now.
:21:56. > :22:02.First of all, let us be very clear, Donald Trump is not America. And
:22:03. > :22:10.on... No, no, one second. One second. Because I don't agree with
:22:11. > :22:15.you. America has come a very long way in many areas. The fact that
:22:16. > :22:20.Barack Obama, an African-American, was elected president in 2008 were
:22:21. > :22:24.re-elected in 2012, that was something that people 30 or 40 years
:22:25. > :22:30.ago never would have believed could have occurred.
:22:31. > :22:34.So if the issue is do we have racism in America or in the UK?
:22:35. > :22:38.But have we made significant advances in combating racism?
:22:39. > :22:41.We have done a good job in combating sexism.
:22:42. > :22:46.We have done a good job in combating homophobia.
:22:47. > :22:51.But I'm proud that in America we are a more inclusive society.
:22:52. > :22:54.This is just a stat that seems interesting to me.
:22:55. > :22:55.Nearly three quarters of Republicans identify themselves
:22:56. > :23:03.And they see their America being eroded day by day.
:23:04. > :23:12.They - white, Christian America - represents only 43%
:23:13. > :23:17.There is this sense of polarisation, and a great deal of among parts
:23:18. > :23:22.There is a lot of fear, and there is fear for good reason.
:23:23. > :23:25.If you were 62 years of age and approaching
:23:26. > :23:28.retirement in three years, and you were one of the half
:23:29. > :23:31.of older workers in America who had no money in the bank,
:23:32. > :23:37.If you were a kid graduating college $75,000 in debt
:23:38. > :23:40.and couldn't find a decent job, you would be afraid as well.
:23:41. > :23:43.If you were a single mom making $30,000 and spending $10,000
:23:44. > :23:46.a year on childcare, you would be afraid as well.
:23:47. > :23:48.So I think there is a lot of economic anxiety
:23:49. > :23:50.which then translate itself into cultural issues.
:23:51. > :23:55.But answer your broad question, there is no doubt in my mind that
:23:56. > :23:58.over the last 50 years, the United States has in fact become
:23:59. > :24:02.Bernie Sanders, we have to end there, but thank
:24:03. > :24:48.By the end of this week, you may be wondering what has
:24:49. > :24:51.happened to the summer because the week ahead looks