:02:04. > :02:10.Then it was when Margaret developed dementia that her family had to
:02:10. > :02:20.face the fact that she needed care. They found a place for her at a
:02:20. > :02:22.
:02:22. > :02:31.It is the hardest decision in the world to put your parents in our
:02:31. > :02:39.home. Then to think they are not safe.
:02:39. > :02:43.Everyone has the right to feel safe to. In the last year there have
:02:43. > :02:48.been allegations of abuse across the region.
:02:48. > :02:55.We have uncovered evidence that the system designed to maintain
:02:55. > :03:05.standards was feeling. There was a new carer who was on an
:03:05. > :03:08.
:03:08. > :03:15.induction programme. She was told to shadow the night carer. She
:03:15. > :03:20.witnessed what she felt was definitely abuse. She went to their
:03:20. > :03:25.authorities the following day. This person went into my mother's room
:03:25. > :03:33.at quarter to five in the morning. She turned the light on and quite
:03:33. > :03:37.roughly wash her face with cold water. The thing that really upset
:03:37. > :03:43.their carer on the induction was that she crab my mother's face. My
:03:43. > :03:48.mother said, few are being horrible to me. She grabbed her face and
:03:49. > :03:54.said, I hate you to go. To think that my mother was sitting in a
:03:54. > :04:04.room from 5 o'clock in the morning is unbelievable. It was not just
:04:04. > :04:08.
:04:08. > :04:14.the abuse. The carer was not doing her job.
:04:14. > :04:21.It she seemed to falsify the lists. They would include things like
:04:21. > :04:28.going to the toilet. I thought that was amazing. I am amazed that this
:04:28. > :04:36.had not come to light before. have discovered that last year in
:04:36. > :04:42.Essex alone there were 299 proven cases of abuse in care homes
:04:42. > :04:46.covering everything from financial, to sexual abuse. That is double the
:04:46. > :04:51.number of the year before. Even if this is due to more people coming
:04:52. > :04:57.forward there is clearly a problem with some homes. There is also a
:04:57. > :05:00.problem that some are not been inspected to check standards. Even
:05:00. > :05:04.this one, is supposed to be inspected every year. That has not
:05:04. > :05:09.happened. The job of the Care Quality
:05:09. > :05:14.Commission is to inspect homes. It promises to inspect everyone wants
:05:14. > :05:18.per year. Now it says it cannot guarantee this will happen. They
:05:18. > :05:21.are saying they can do one inspection per year. I am not
:05:21. > :05:25.convinced they will meet that target. There are a couple of
:05:25. > :05:33.reasons. It has taken a long time to recruit enough staff because
:05:33. > :05:37.they held back on the agreed bid for too long. If you do in
:05:37. > :05:45.inspection and the care home is who you have got to go back and check
:05:45. > :05:48.again. They are over wording inspectors all the time. We invited
:05:48. > :05:58.the Care Quality Commission to take part in the programme. They refused.
:05:58. > :06:07.They told us: Compliance teams are working hard to complete their
:06:07. > :06:13.inspections. There are places in the UK where 80 % of care homes
:06:13. > :06:16.have got one or more inquiry against them. The local
:06:17. > :06:23.population's do not even know that. How do you make a choice about
:06:23. > :06:33.where to put your relative if 80 % of the care homes are not have --
:06:33. > :06:35.
:06:35. > :06:39.have a creepy. In Essex 70 % of homes do not meet standards.
:06:39. > :06:42.Ever since this care home opened there have been problems. Five
:06:42. > :06:48.years ago inspectors were not satisfied that residents would be
:06:48. > :06:53.protected from abuse. Improvements were made but not enough. In 2009
:06:53. > :06:57.inspectors consider taking action. It was only last year but warning
:06:57. > :07:04.notices were issued. The Care Quality Commission coal
:07:04. > :07:10.was that with regard to the warm: Emphasis is on rectifying problems.
:07:10. > :07:16.Each inspection found improvements. It also said failure to meet
:07:16. > :07:21.standards: Should not be seen as indication of abuse. Where people
:07:21. > :07:24.are at immediate risk making use hour burgeoned powers.
:07:24. > :07:30.The council which have placed elderly people there have since
:07:30. > :07:36.moved them out. The home is now closed.
:07:36. > :07:42.When a you have got care homes that are not delivering then we need
:07:42. > :07:47.urgent action. We do not need to see a situation where it takes nine
:07:47. > :07:53.months, Denmark, two years, and all the time people are suffering, they
:07:53. > :07:57.cannot escape. It is almost like a life sentence. Eventually the local
:07:57. > :08:07.authority and police took the carer to court. Her daughter wishes she
:08:07. > :08:08.
:08:08. > :08:13.had acted sooner. With hindsight my mother did a lead
:08:13. > :08:18.in more lucid moments to the fact that they were cruel to her.
:08:18. > :08:24.Because of her over all state of dementia I did not take a lot of
:08:24. > :08:29.notice of it. I did see fought a couple of months before this
:08:29. > :08:37.happened there were bruises. But she used to fall out of bed, she
:08:37. > :08:42.used to bang against all. I did not good two and two together. Angelica
:08:42. > :08:45.Mendoza was sacked from her job and found guilty last year.
:08:45. > :08:55.Before being convicted she was tracked by police and found guilty
:08:55. > :08:57.
:08:57. > :09:02.of working in another care home. That she could walk off and go to
:09:02. > :09:11.Dorking in Surrey and get another job - I am fearful she is working
:09:11. > :09:15.in a care home now. I have got no real trust in the system. The she
:09:15. > :09:23.moved her mother out of the care home, but a few months later her
:09:23. > :09:31.mother died. It makes you wonder why we went an
:09:31. > :09:41.older person is injured ear is no serious response. It should not be
:09:41. > :09:45.
:09:45. > :09:55.the way it is. You are watching Inside Out. Still
:09:55. > :10:05.to come - we are searching for medieval graffiti. There are lines
:10:05. > :10:13.
:10:13. > :10:19.This week we are going to have some of the dark skies of the year. You
:10:19. > :10:23.can join as live all week on BBC Two. But the night sky is not what
:10:23. > :10:28.it used to be. In some places you can only see a tiny fraction of the
:10:28. > :10:38.start. Many children have never seen the Milky Way. It is because
:10:38. > :10:54.
:10:54. > :10:57.As a turns into night it should be the transfer our stars to shine but
:10:57. > :11:02.many people feel we are not getting the night skies we should get
:11:02. > :11:08.because of light pollution from our homes, offices, street lamps,
:11:08. > :11:12.industries. The 24 allah universe that we live in. We need some
:11:12. > :11:22.lights for safety and security, or the perception of safety and
:11:22. > :11:30.
:11:30. > :11:33.security. Over and above those And this is what we're missing.
:11:33. > :11:37.Without light pollution we should be able to see our own galaxy, the
:11:37. > :11:40.milky way. We should be able to see thousands of stars on a clear dark
:11:40. > :11:43.night, but in the worst affected areas we can only see a couple of
:11:43. > :11:46.dozen of the very brightest. According to the Campaign for the
:11:46. > :11:54.Protection of Rural England, light pollution is increasing and we're
:11:54. > :12:00.seeing fewer stars every year. of the children in Britain are not
:12:00. > :12:07.able to see a small portion of the Milky Way. They have no idea what
:12:07. > :12:12.they should be able to see up there. If they are cut off from this
:12:12. > :12:17.experience, they are missing something. Being able to see the
:12:17. > :12:25.sky at night, shows us all reveals to us our place in the bigger
:12:25. > :12:30.scheme of things. What are we going to see here? We are in one of the
:12:30. > :12:34.highest parts of Essex. You have a good view it.
:12:34. > :12:36.Daniel Nixon also wants more stars for his money. When he was at
:12:36. > :12:40.university, he started a campaign and website called Needless. He
:12:40. > :12:43.grew up in South Essex, one of the worst places in the region for
:12:43. > :12:47.light pollution. The London glow doesn't help. From the church yard
:12:47. > :12:57.on the hill at Rettendon, the effect is startling. Welcome to
:12:57. > :13:02.
:13:02. > :13:08.People don't see the light pollution as a real pollution. It
:13:08. > :13:12.is not a toxin that it is degrading our environment. Half of our
:13:12. > :13:21.environment is rendered invisible through careless use of light.
:13:21. > :13:27.you see any beauty in this at all? From up here, looking down on these
:13:27. > :13:32.orange lights sparkling away, it does not compare to looking up at
:13:32. > :13:36.the lights from space, the twinkling stars. This does not
:13:36. > :13:39.compare to the beauty of being able to see what nature has to offer.
:13:39. > :13:49.Daniel's Needless website has a simulation of the kind of lighting
:13:49. > :13:49.
:13:49. > :13:57.he'd like to see and the difference he believes it would make. Here is
:13:57. > :14:03.the night sky. If we add the sodium orange glow, there is loads of
:14:03. > :14:08.spillage and our vision of the night sky is impaired. This is the
:14:08. > :14:15.SME cut of light, a halfway house and again, our vision of the night
:14:15. > :14:19.sky is diminished. If we go to fault cut off lighting,
:14:19. > :14:24.straightaway, that light is concentrated downwards. There is
:14:24. > :14:27.very little spillage and it is energy efficient and you can see
:14:27. > :14:30.all of the night sky it in all its glory.
:14:30. > :14:34.Councils are starting to replace sodium lamps with energy efficient
:14:34. > :14:38.white ones. They're not doing it, so we can all wonder at the galaxy,
:14:38. > :14:48.it's to save money, but a happy bi- product is a reduction in light
:14:48. > :14:48.
:14:48. > :14:52.pollution. These are the old sodium lights that served us well for the
:14:52. > :14:58.best part of 30 years. They were never really that efficient. They
:14:58. > :15:03.are destined now for side -- recycling. Their future is bright,
:15:03. > :15:08.the future is white. Many Councils, including Northants and Norfolk are
:15:08. > :15:13.rolling out new lights. In Norfolk a �25 million scheme will see the
:15:13. > :15:17.orange lamps consigned to history. It's not really state of the art.
:15:17. > :15:25.Airports have been down lighting in this way for years, but now the
:15:25. > :15:32.technology is more affordable and efficient. They are now available
:15:32. > :15:37.in bulk. They use less energy, they require less maintenance and they
:15:37. > :15:43.are a benefit all round. One of the side-effects of that is they have a
:15:43. > :15:46.better light pattern, a better recognition. They also shine down
:15:46. > :15:50.and not up. And the future is white out of town
:15:50. > :15:53.too. In many parts of our region. This is the A140 in Suffolk. White
:15:53. > :16:00.LED lights are happily breeding and campaigners against light pollution
:16:00. > :16:05.want councils to go further down Maldon in Essex was the first and
:16:05. > :16:08.now many councils are turning off the streetlights at midnight. In
:16:08. > :16:13.Hertfordshire, it's saving 1.3 million a year. In Northants,
:16:13. > :16:23.they've removed half of the light bulbs saving two million a year.
:16:23. > :16:23.
:16:24. > :16:26.It's austerity over astronomy, but the net effect is darker skies.
:16:26. > :16:30.have struck a chord with many people.
:16:30. > :16:33.The Councils say it hasn't led to an increase in crime, but it can
:16:33. > :16:40.increase the fear of crime. Daniel Graham has started a petition in
:16:40. > :16:45.Hertfordshire to switch the lights back on. Crime is one factor within
:16:45. > :16:51.this equation. The other is health and safety and people being able to
:16:51. > :16:56.go about their daily lives without fear of curfew. Turning the lights
:16:56. > :17:02.off isn't the solution. The likes that have been in place, have been
:17:02. > :17:05.a place for a long time. OED lights are better option.
:17:05. > :17:07.But what about the bright lights of industry? Austerity measures are
:17:07. > :17:10.making public lighting less polluting but private lighting on
:17:10. > :17:14.retail parks, industrial units, lorry parks and farms is largely
:17:14. > :17:21.unregulated. The Fendercare HQ is in rural Norfolk, right next door
:17:21. > :17:28.to the Norwich Observatory. The company is mindful of how much
:17:29. > :17:34.light it pours into the night. have to look at cost for the
:17:34. > :17:39.business but we are very mindful of the Environment, the pollution. We
:17:39. > :17:44.have to put that into the mix itself. We still have the duty of
:17:44. > :17:51.care for our employees to come into work as well. When we did the
:17:51. > :17:55.planning application, it did come back from the council that we
:17:55. > :18:03.should feel our lighting because of the observed a tree nearby. That is
:18:03. > :18:05.what we did. It's bad, but there's hope. At the
:18:05. > :18:08.University of Hertfordshire, they have one of the largest robotic
:18:08. > :18:18.observatories in Europe and the latest data on the extent of light
:18:18. > :18:24.
:18:24. > :18:29.Some parts of Hertfordshire and Essex, it contaminates the light
:18:29. > :18:33.which reduces the amount of stars that we can see. As we move up
:18:33. > :18:42.further away, coastal areas of good because they are away from major
:18:42. > :18:50.lighting. They have light coming from one side. Isolated areas in
:18:50. > :18:53.Essex are particularly dark. It is distance and the volume of lighting.
:18:53. > :18:56.We have a growing population, housing targets, and 24 hour living.
:18:56. > :19:05.But light pollution should improve. Because we're tightening our belts,
:19:05. > :19:09.and because of better technology. The night sky has a dark future.
:19:09. > :19:13.Children should have a right to see the stars. So many children and
:19:13. > :19:21.adults have never really seen the stars. It is one of the great,
:19:21. > :19:27.natural wonders of our world. You can find out more about this
:19:27. > :19:33.week's programmes events are by going to the website. A new kind of
:19:33. > :19:40.graffiti has been discovered that his 500 years old and it is helping
:19:40. > :19:43.uncovering mistress from our past. -- mysteries from our past.
:19:43. > :19:49.East Anglia has always been famous for its Medieval Churches, in fact
:19:49. > :19:53.we have more of them than anywhere else in Britain. Over the centuries
:19:53. > :19:56.every detail has been studied, researched and examined. But it
:19:56. > :19:59.seems we missed a major part of the story. Pioneering research being
:19:59. > :20:03.undertaken in this region has revealed many of our churches are
:20:03. > :20:13.covered in graffiti, much of it more than 500 years old and a whole
:20:13. > :20:16.
:20:16. > :20:21.new history is beginning to emerge. Our journey starts here in north
:20:21. > :20:24.Norfolk. This church is about to reveal its past in a way that it
:20:24. > :20:32.has never done before. Matt Champion is the Indiana Jones of
:20:32. > :20:40.the Medieval Graffiti World. This isn't the usual way people look
:20:40. > :20:45.round the church. If absolutely not. We normally look at de France, the
:20:45. > :20:50.history. Now we are looking for medieval graffiti inscriptions. We
:20:51. > :20:57.are looking at scratched images in the walls. We have found lots of
:20:57. > :21:03.things but here you have a wonderful example. That is
:21:03. > :21:10.incredible. It is so clear. You can pick out the detail as well. We
:21:10. > :21:15.have the main mast and a rudder. It is a ship. It is not the only
:21:15. > :21:25.graffiti ship here. There are several, including one so detailed
:21:25. > :21:31.
:21:31. > :21:40.he can tell what vessel it was. you pass me that piece of paper, we
:21:40. > :21:46.can see a clear area with flag us coming up. All of these rigging
:21:46. > :21:52.ropes are going to the rear. This design is typical of what we would
:21:52. > :22:00.be seeing from the late 14th century. How come these haven't
:22:00. > :22:07.been spotted before? We haven't been looking for them. These days,
:22:07. > :22:13.these are really difficult to see without the use of the torch. These
:22:13. > :22:16.were painted black years ago. When these inscriptions were made, they
:22:16. > :22:19.were scratched through the pigment and became highly visible. Drawings
:22:19. > :22:28.of similar ships have also been found at other coastal churches in
:22:28. > :22:33.Norfolk, but what do they mean? These are either prayers of
:22:33. > :22:38.thanksgiving for they are asking for a safe journey to come. The
:22:38. > :22:47.whole surface is covered. How did people get away with this?
:22:47. > :22:51.Basically, they were de facing a church. Graffiti now is seen as
:22:51. > :22:57.something that is very destructive stop it was acceptable than. If you
:22:57. > :23:04.look over here, it is a merchant mark. This would have belonged to
:23:04. > :23:09.someone who was quite wealthy, a merchant. He didn't have any
:23:09. > :23:12.problem leaving his mark in here. When Matt first started looking at
:23:12. > :23:15.Norfolk Churches he estimated there would be graffiti in just a handful,
:23:15. > :23:23.but the more he looks, the more he is uncovering and just a few miles
:23:23. > :23:33.down the road he made a startling find.
:23:33. > :23:38.
:23:38. > :23:43.This is Binham Priory. It is best seen at night, and delight. It is a
:23:43. > :23:47.fantastic discovery. Come here at night, it shows up much better and
:23:47. > :23:49.a single light source. What he has found could solve one of the
:23:49. > :23:53.biggest debates in British architecture, how Binham's West
:23:53. > :23:56.Window originally looked. Only two engravings of it exist and they
:23:56. > :24:01.contradict each other, one showing a four panelled window, the other
:24:01. > :24:11.eight. Now Matt thinks he has the answer and its all down to 800 year
:24:11. > :24:15.old graffiti. It suddenly struck me that the whole thing is covered in
:24:15. > :24:24.a large, architectural and engraving. There are lines all over
:24:24. > :24:28.this surface. There is an arc. There is the top of the window arch
:24:28. > :24:30.there. The reason these faint lines on the wall are so important to
:24:30. > :24:34.architectural historians is because the style of the window at Binham
:24:34. > :24:37.is the oldest of its kind anywhere in Britain. It even predates
:24:37. > :24:47.Westminster Abbey so it's a crucial stepping stone in our church
:24:47. > :24:47.
:24:47. > :24:52.history. This is my particular favourite, that little hall there
:24:52. > :25:02.is the point in which the master mason put his compass to mark out
:25:02. > :25:08.
:25:08. > :25:17.that circle now. This since done by the Mason in -- at that time. This
:25:17. > :25:23.is a man working out a new idea. What we found here was the first of
:25:23. > :25:28.five. These are rare things to find. There is only about a dozen of them.
:25:28. > :25:36.To find five in the same building is massively important. Has this
:25:36. > :25:41.finally solved the mystery of what the window looked like? The window,
:25:41. > :25:46.rather than being a revolutionary stepping-stone, was a revolutionary
:25:46. > :25:50.step forward. Incredibly special. With so much graffiti being found,
:25:50. > :25:53.Matt set up the Norfolk Medieval Graffiti Survey. It has now
:25:53. > :25:59.examined more than 125 churches in Norfolk as well as some rather
:25:59. > :26:01.unusual religious sites such at St Benets Abbey on the Norfolk Broads.
:26:01. > :26:11.The building is currently being restored which has allowed unique
:26:11. > :26:14.
:26:14. > :26:20.access to all its nooks and crannies. A ship their. Exactly
:26:21. > :26:23.like the ship graffiti we were looking at. We have a lot of it all
:26:23. > :26:26.the way up. Graffiti has been found in more
:26:26. > :26:29.than 80% of the buildings surveyed. Nearby Ludham Church has such a
:26:29. > :26:38.rich source of grafitti, Matt uses it to train up new volunteers and
:26:38. > :26:48.I'm the latest. I have my it sticky labels and my torch and the
:26:48. > :27:09.
:27:09. > :27:17.challenge is to find as much I have found 25 pieces of graffiti,
:27:17. > :27:20.most of it text, circles and stars. That is pretty good. We have found
:27:20. > :27:25.probably 100 inscriptions in this church but we have been doing it a
:27:25. > :27:30.lot longer. Some of the best and more complex designs are actually
:27:30. > :27:39.here in the Tower. You didn't actually come in here. Some of the
:27:39. > :27:44.ones here are more complex. They are beautiful. We have a beautiful
:27:44. > :27:47.daisy wheel design here. There are lots of other ones around the side.
:27:47. > :27:50.Thanks to the success of the Norfolk Medieval Graffiti Survey,
:27:50. > :27:53.the idea has now spread to six other counties including Suffolk
:27:53. > :27:58.and Bedfordshire and Matt hopes one day there will be a graffiti
:27:58. > :28:05.database covering the entire country.
:28:05. > :28:15.Many of our volunteers have been trained. They are the first person
:28:15. > :28:18.
:28:18. > :28:21.to see some of these inscriptions That is it a from Dunstable. I hope
:28:21. > :28:29.you have enjoyed the programme. If you think there's anything we
:28:30. > :28:37.should be looking at, send me an e- mail. Join me next week when I will
:28:37. > :28:41.have these stories from the east. They are heroes of World War II.
:28:41. > :28:47.Why is the British Government stopping these veterans received no