:12:17. > :12:25.Three northern towns trying to become cities, trying to deal with
:12:25. > :12:30.one problem. It is disgusting, everything is on the floor. Chips,
:12:30. > :12:36.gravy, Greece. The British are the fattest people in Europe. They
:12:36. > :12:38.can't control themselves and they don't care about public spending.
:12:38. > :12:43.Councils in Barnsley, Rotherham and the Dearne Valley have told us that
:12:43. > :12:50.picking up litter is a waste of money. If you thought it wasn't a
:12:50. > :13:00.problem, take another look. Every place has a different tactic. In
:13:00. > :13:08.
:13:08. > :13:18.This is possibly the toughest council in England would it comes
:13:18. > :13:26.to litter enforcement. Their targets for the round of fines
:13:26. > :13:31.handed out -- there are targets. have got to be in a situation where
:13:31. > :13:35.we have got to have teeth. They do it because they would rather not
:13:35. > :13:41.spend money from increasingly stretched budget by picking up our
:13:41. > :13:46.rubbish. In England alone, the local authorities spend �880
:13:46. > :13:50.million on street cleansing. That is money which could be much better
:13:50. > :13:56.spent on other things. Doncaster would have �3 million every year to
:13:56. > :14:05.spend on other things. Across the Pennines, but it costs 2.8 million.
:14:05. > :14:12.-- litre costs. The focus is much more on changing people's behaviour,
:14:12. > :14:18.and if that doesn't work, they tell you off. But the man in the black
:14:18. > :14:28.jacket and a grey trousers please pick up the litter. Five years ago,
:14:28. > :14:37.talking cameras were brought 10. covers a lot of ground. Have you
:14:38. > :14:44.seen it work? Yes, we have got some footage of a later -- a lady
:14:44. > :14:54.whipping up a Yellow Pages book. Doncaster, they find fear works
:14:54. > :14:57.
:14:57. > :15:06.better. They will be fined. We know it isn't the back of people's minds.
:15:06. > :15:11.-- we know it is end. But not with everyone. They ended up fining me.
:15:11. > :15:19.It is the government's way of making money. They can sit on their
:15:19. > :15:26.houses and get paid. In Doncaster last year, they raised a cool
:15:26. > :15:30.�120,000 in fines, compared to 6,000 in Bolton and just �250 in
:15:30. > :15:36.Middlesbrough. It is a major success. We don't need to find
:15:36. > :15:43.people. So, you don't borrow the Doncaster is raking money in for
:15:43. > :15:52.the council? -- you don't worry. Even campaign groups are arguing
:15:52. > :15:56.about litter. It is a British institution. Keep Britain tidy has
:15:57. > :16:02.been around for 50 years. But continuing to fund it is throwing
:16:02. > :16:08.taxpayers' money in the bin. campaigning dust has not worked.
:16:08. > :16:14.There are streets like this all over England. John Read launched
:16:14. > :16:18.Clean Up Britain this year with the help of celebrities. Litter is a
:16:19. > :16:23.big issue in this country. You wouldn't throw away litter in
:16:23. > :16:29.Europe house. There are a group of individuals who have got together
:16:29. > :16:39.on a voluntary basis to run this campaign. And by saying the
:16:39. > :16:39.
:16:39. > :16:44.campaign is failing, they have caused quite a stir. It seems a bit
:16:44. > :16:49.daft but that is what they have chosen to do. But campaigns like
:16:49. > :16:53.this a part funded by the taxpayer, and on top of that, they ask town -
:16:53. > :17:03.- councils in towns like Doncaster for even more money. Can we afford
:17:03. > :17:03.
:17:03. > :17:08.it? In Bolton, they are already feeling the pinch. It has
:17:08. > :17:16.deteriorated because of the workforce. You need to make sure
:17:16. > :17:25.people don't drop litter in the first base. It is a mindset that
:17:25. > :17:32.needs to change. People used to clean in front of their houses.
:17:32. > :17:35.Even if you think littering is wrong, day you into being? This man
:17:35. > :17:41.confronted two teenagers for throwing rubbish. He was punched in
:17:41. > :17:51.the face and he died with a head injury. You have dropped some
:17:51. > :17:51.
:17:51. > :17:57.litter just there. Why did you do it? Are you going to stop? Why did
:17:57. > :18:07.you put it down there for someone else to pick up? I know you're
:18:07. > :18:10.
:18:10. > :18:18.sorry, let's find a bend. It's just there. Its embarrassing, isn't it?
:18:18. > :18:28.Most people, when you tell them about it, they know they have done
:18:28. > :18:33.
:18:33. > :18:37.something wrong. If councils didn't pick up litter? Do Be Really Want
:18:37. > :18:46.To Keep Britain tidy? Bolton agreed to leave 100 metres of a Town
:18:46. > :18:55.Street and cleaned for a day. -- without cleaning Friday. This is
:18:55. > :18:59.what we found. The majority of people who saw that litter were
:18:59. > :19:08.shocked. Normally, it would have been cleaned away in the early
:19:08. > :19:13.hours. We asked local children to help clean up the mess. But in
:19:13. > :19:19.Middlesbrough, it's going to be a much tougher job. The council left
:19:19. > :19:28.a mile of its busiest road and cleaned for a whole weekend. It is
:19:28. > :19:38.disgusting. Chris packets, fag packets. Cleaning up our own bit of
:19:38. > :19:38.
:19:39. > :19:46.the streets might not be a bad idea with council budgets under pressure.
:19:46. > :19:51.And in this Middlesbrough Road, we collected 24 full bags of rubbish.
:19:51. > :19:56.Food for thought? Next time you see somebody dropping a crisp packet on
:19:56. > :20:04.the floor, just imagine that is your five-pound note because you're
:20:04. > :20:11.paying to pick it up. As the eurozone lectures from one -- from
:20:11. > :20:16.one crisis to another, businesses are increasingly looking for Forest
:20:16. > :20:23.to market. One company is not only taking its animals to China, but
:20:23. > :20:26.bringing China to its animals. pigs, pigs! They're not always seen
:20:26. > :20:29.as the most glamorous or lucrative part of the farming business. But
:20:29. > :20:31.for one East Yorkshire company, raising pigs has been honed to a
:20:31. > :20:37.scientific process where animals are bred for their genetic
:20:37. > :20:42.superiority. The animals we're providing are the top of the
:20:42. > :20:45.pyramid. They require high attention to detail to get the
:20:45. > :20:48.optimum results. Pigs from JSR Genetics near Driffield are now
:20:48. > :20:58.being exported all over the world and in particular to the world's
:20:58. > :20:58.
:20:58. > :21:07.biggest market for pork, China. There are nearly 50 million sows in
:21:07. > :21:11.China. Their requirement for a protein is increasing. So JSR is
:21:11. > :21:13.going where the money and the pork is. They're providing 1,500
:21:13. > :21:17.breeding sows and boars to a Chinese company called HB Coff.
:21:17. > :21:27.These animals will then form the basis for a huge pig breeding unit
:21:27. > :21:27.
:21:27. > :21:33.with over a million pigs. This afternoon, we will go to the
:21:33. > :21:36.structure... Bobo, Yann, Amber and Lee work for HB Coff in China.
:21:36. > :21:40.They've been brought over to live in Driffield for several weeks to
:21:40. > :21:45.learn about British pig farming methods. I would like you to make a
:21:45. > :21:48.list of the traits that you think we would look for. And it's not
:21:48. > :21:51.long before they're out of the classroom and onto one of JSR's
:21:51. > :22:01.farms in Oxfordshire and I'm going along too for a free pig farming
:22:01. > :22:09.
:22:09. > :22:16.lesson. Hyde, Steve Bull stop -- hello, steep. We need to get you
:22:16. > :22:23.showered through to protect our pigs for many diseases. I've signed
:22:23. > :22:26.in, now it's time to shower down and put on unit clothes. While I'm
:22:26. > :22:35.in the shower, our cameraman Mark has to make sure all his equipment
:22:35. > :22:40.is free of any nasty germs that the pigs might pick up. I'm showered
:22:40. > :22:43.and clean and I'm wearing Wellies two sizes too big. The first thing
:22:43. > :22:53.we're learning is weighing and measuring, but first a bit of pig
:22:53. > :23:12.
:23:12. > :23:22.Jason, which area of the pig had you just been measuring. He is
:23:22. > :23:25.
:23:25. > :23:32.measuring from this the end, the depth, this measurement here.
:23:32. > :23:38.gives the pork the really nice flavour? This marbling effect here.
:23:38. > :23:47.We need to see if we can improve on taste and flavour. I catch up with
:23:47. > :23:51.Lee and Bobo in between lessons. China, we used a lot of human
:23:51. > :23:56.beings. But in the UK, we used a lot of machines and technology to
:23:56. > :24:01.raise the pigs. What British customs do you think you will take
:24:01. > :24:08.back with you to China? If I could get the chance, I would suggest to
:24:08. > :24:11.my boss to give me coffee time in the morning! Now we're onto the
:24:11. > :24:15.most important issue - breeding. The students go to JSR's boar stud
:24:15. > :24:18.near Selby to learn about semen collection. Once the delicate
:24:18. > :24:28.process of producing semen is over, it is then taken to the lab to be
:24:28. > :24:31.
:24:31. > :24:41.diluted into individual doses. have done 21 doses per boar. We
:24:41. > :24:41.
:24:41. > :24:48.have some boars that can do a lot more. The smallest amount... Once
:24:48. > :24:55.it leaves here, it goes to the farms and the farmers then
:24:55. > :24:58.inseminate their sows. Back in Oxfordshire, we're about to see how
:24:58. > :25:04.that works. I'm just going in with Lee now to learn about AI, which
:25:04. > :25:08.stands for artificial insemination. Tom shows Lee how to inseminate the
:25:08. > :25:16.sow the scientific way, using the diluted boar's semen. It's not a
:25:16. > :25:24.particularly pleasant job but Lee doesn't seem phased. The most
:25:24. > :25:32.important part to remember is to go upwards. How often do you
:25:32. > :25:42.inseminate the pics? On a weekly basis, from Monday to to Friday.
:25:42. > :25:44.
:25:44. > :25:54.Each gilt will have Freeserve's, whereas a sow will only have two --
:25:54. > :25:57.
:25:57. > :26:07.three serves. We need a steady flow of AI flowing. It helps them to
:26:07. > :26:09.
:26:09. > :26:15.think they have a boar with them. How was it to learn about AI?
:26:15. > :26:21.think I need to learn to be patient. It is relatively simple. Are you
:26:21. > :26:29.nervous about your first insemination? Yes, I'm nervous and
:26:30. > :26:33.I'm also curious. The first pigs for the new unit in China will be
:26:33. > :26:35.loaded onto planes in the next few days. This really is a large scale
:26:36. > :26:42.industrial operation which seems quite remote from my idea of
:26:42. > :26:46.traditional pig farming. People have the perception of genetics of
:26:46. > :26:50.people in white coats. We're not doing that. Testing is undertaken
:26:50. > :26:55.on the farm, the data is gathered and it is run to a computer. The
:26:55. > :27:01.top rank animals are retained in the breeding programme. What would
:27:01. > :27:06.you say to people who describe these sorts of farming methods as
:27:06. > :27:10.factory methods? And animal will not perform to its highest per --
:27:10. > :27:15.potential without everything it requires, which is environment,
:27:15. > :27:19.food, water, it has got to be comfortable. Without that, it will
:27:19. > :27:22.fail to perform. For the Chinese workers, the training is over and
:27:22. > :27:26.it's time to celebrate and say goodbye to their training manager
:27:26. > :27:34.James. And what better way to do it than with a meal out in York? In a
:27:34. > :27:38.Chinese restaurant, of course. Can I order the shredded pork and
:27:38. > :27:48.preserved vegetable soup? James devised the training plan for the
:27:48. > :27:55.Chinese workers and has spent the last six weeks with them. It is by
:27:55. > :27:59.sea. It has been a new experience for me, but in training plans
:27:59. > :28:05.together for people from different cultures, and trying to learn a
:28:05. > :28:13.little bit about their culture. Have you been over to China?
:28:13. > :28:16.yet. What have they told you to expect? Spicy food! And there's
:28:16. > :28:20.more to come as the joint venture between East Yorkshire and China
:28:20. > :28:30.was cemented a couple of weeks ago with the opening of a brand new pig
:28:30. > :28:32.
:28:32. > :28:37.unit in Guandong province. See soon. Take care. If you want to contact
:28:37. > :28:41.us about any of tonight's stories you can do through our Facebook