:00:07. > :00:09.In the next half an hour we're looking for clues.
:00:10. > :00:11.A century on ? a cap badge and some remains -
:00:12. > :00:14.can we put a name to Yorkshire's unknown soldier and find his family?
:00:15. > :00:18.To get that starting point, to get that clue ? it helps us
:00:19. > :00:21.narrow it down to who this individual might be ?
:00:22. > :00:27.Outside of Europe - are farmers in the north happy
:00:28. > :00:37.I will be milking these calves when we leave the EU -
:00:38. > :00:41.we have to make sure there is a future for both of us.
:00:42. > :00:49.We're looking into our hidden heritage.
:00:50. > :00:52.Comedian Sir Lenny Henry explores Cumbria's unexpected Black roots.
:00:53. > :00:56.This is reading historical materials with a view to making a film ?
:00:57. > :00:59.and if it works it'll be fantastic - and Carlisle will be
:01:00. > :01:17.I'm Chris Jackson and this is Inside Out.
:01:18. > :01:23.We all know that scientific advances have found new ways of unlocking
:01:24. > :01:26.unsolved cold cases but it seems those techniques aren't
:01:27. > :01:28.just used by the police, they're also helping
:01:29. > :01:33.Nearly a million soldiers were killed on the battlefields
:01:34. > :01:38.Many grieving relatives were merely told their loved ones
:01:39. > :01:45.As Phil Connell reports, the century-old heartache felt
:01:46. > :01:48.by families of those who served in the Yorkshire Regiment
:01:49. > :01:57.Fred Holmes is about to give a sample of his DNA,
:01:58. > :01:59.a test that could explain what happened to his great uncle
:02:00. > :02:03.John - a soldier killed in 1916 and one of the many who's bodies
:02:04. > :02:09.I still feel very emotional about it in the quiet moments
:02:10. > :02:12.because it was a very big thing, all these people climbing over
:02:13. > :02:15.the trenches and going off to certain death.
:02:16. > :02:31.To think a member of my family succumbed in that particular
:02:32. > :02:35.battle, it was very, very overwhelming for me.
:02:36. > :02:42.And what would it mean to the family to find him?
:02:43. > :02:46.I know in my heart if I wanted to go and be close to him I could go
:02:47. > :02:59.But it would be nice to see a gravestone in the war cemetery.
:03:00. > :03:03.For similar reasons, Francis Storry is taking the same test.
:03:04. > :03:06.Along with his wife, Susan, he wants to know about a relative
:03:07. > :03:10.called Henry Parker ? another great uncle who never returned
:03:11. > :03:31.When in the trenches, they say, up lads, come on,
:03:32. > :03:35.And all the bullets and that were coming over, it must have
:03:36. > :03:38.Thinking about it, what he would have thought,
:03:39. > :03:45.what I think of him now, I think it's been absolutely
:03:46. > :03:53.Francis and Fred's great uncles both served with the Yorkshire Regiment,
:03:54. > :03:55.who recruited soldiers from Yorkshire and the north east.
:03:56. > :03:59.In 1916, though, they were to lose their lives in one of the most
:04:00. > :04:06.I think if you ask anybody to name a battle from the First World War,
:04:07. > :04:09.they'd all say the Battle of the Somme.
:04:10. > :04:13.The bloodiest battle in the history of the British Army.
:04:14. > :04:19.And here we have medals awarded to some of the men who fought
:04:20. > :04:22.there and in previous campaigns all here in our medal room
:04:23. > :04:24.at the Green Howards Museum in Richmond, standing as testament
:04:25. > :04:27.Four particular medals were awarded during the Somme campaign,
:04:28. > :04:29.four Victoria crosses for individual acts of bravery.
:04:30. > :04:32.So what would conditions have been like for these men?
:04:33. > :04:34.Pretty much as you imagine, you've seen it so many times.
:04:35. > :04:38.If food comes up and can get up, that's great.
:04:39. > :04:41.Water's short, you're being sniped and shelled.
:04:42. > :04:51.You know you've got to go over the top at some point in the future.
:04:52. > :04:53.Many of those who died are remembered here in the war
:04:54. > :04:58.But for 500,000 soldiers, including John and Henry,
:04:59. > :05:00.there's no recognised grave as their bodies have
:05:01. > :05:07.For one family, though, there is a glimmer of hope.
:05:08. > :05:15.100 years on, there is news that one soldier may have been found.
:05:16. > :05:19.Well, last year in a field in France human remains were discovered
:05:20. > :05:22.of a First World War soldier and on him was a very,
:05:23. > :05:25.very distinctive badge, which means that we know
:05:26. > :05:32.which battalion of this regiment he served in.
:05:33. > :05:35.So how unusual is it to find a body with that badge on it?
:05:36. > :05:40.It's that clue that helps as narrow down the possibilities of who this
:05:41. > :05:43.individual might be, it's a fantastic start.
:05:44. > :05:47.So how is it that a find in a field in France has brought hope to these
:05:48. > :05:54.Well, it's all down to a team of war detectives based at this army
:05:55. > :05:58.They work for the Ministry of Defence and bit by bit they're
:05:59. > :06:05.piecing together the story of this unknown soldier.
:06:06. > :06:12.After 100 years, identifying the soldier won't be easy.
:06:13. > :06:14.For the war detectives, though, the metal regimental badge
:06:15. > :06:31.It's from the 5th Battalion Yorkshire Regiment,
:06:32. > :06:33.the T is for territorial because the 5th Battalion
:06:34. > :06:40.How much of a head start does something like this give you?
:06:41. > :06:42.If you didn't have that insignia, you wouldn't be able
:06:43. > :06:46.You have to be able to determine what the regiment is before you can
:06:47. > :06:50.There were so many thousands of soldiers killed out
:06:51. > :06:53.there there would be no way we would be able to identify them
:06:54. > :06:56.As inquiries continue, it emerges the mystery soldier
:06:57. > :07:02.could be related to one of 12 different families.
:07:03. > :07:14.All of these documents say that the attack 5th Battalion
:07:15. > :07:17.were tasked with set off from the trench
:07:18. > :07:20.where they came from up to an attack on the enemy trench line,
:07:21. > :07:26.It's exciting to get the information and you find information
:07:27. > :07:28.in the diaries and you can actually trace the movements.
:07:29. > :07:32.It's very emotive because as you take the case forward,
:07:33. > :07:37.if you take it forward and then to the burial, you become acutely
:07:38. > :07:40.aware of what these young men had to deal with and the enormity
:07:41. > :07:54.Fragments of the soldiers bones have been brought to a Government
:07:55. > :07:59.But what are the odds of the families DNA
:08:00. > :08:22.And then we put that information together with all the other
:08:23. > :08:26.information such as the artefacts, details and that's all linked legs
:08:27. > :08:31.together to produce hopefully a formal identification.
:08:32. > :08:38.As a scientist, do you get emotionally involved in this matter?
:08:39. > :08:43.You realise that you might be able to identify a person that died 100
:08:44. > :08:48.years ago. He cannot take away the emotional aspect from it. So, with
:08:49. > :08:54.emotions running high, and extraordinary investigation is
:08:55. > :08:56.nearing completion. Will any family receives the news that brings to an
:08:57. > :08:58.end a very long wait? In Yarm, there's disappointment
:08:59. > :09:00.for Fred - the soldier's In Driffield, though, there's
:09:01. > :09:25.dramatic news for Francis Storry. Yes, yes. Oh, lovely. That's...
:09:26. > :09:30.Absolutely, yes. And lighted. -- I'm delighted. The remains found are
:09:31. > :09:37.confirmed as those of his uncle. Private Henry Parker,
:09:38. > :09:50.23 years old. Match. We've got to give him a
:09:51. > :09:54.sendoff, haven't we? After everything he's gone through, that's
:09:55. > :10:10.what he needs, some are to be at peace. He deserves that if nothing
:10:11. > :10:12.else. It's come to this. How does that make you feel? I'm really
:10:13. > :10:18.proud. Private Henry Parker will be
:10:19. > :10:21.buried in France with full A mystery solved through his
:10:22. > :10:24.regimental badge - the long lost soldier at last reunited
:10:25. > :10:33.with his family. As we head towards life outside
:10:34. > :10:36.of the European Union, there is one group for whom the stakes
:10:37. > :10:38.are incredibly high. Farmers here in the north rely
:10:39. > :10:41.heavily on EU subsidies and a large proportion of our produce
:10:42. > :10:43.is sold on the continent. As I've discovered, there is a huge
:10:44. > :10:46.amount of uncertainty about what lies ahead -
:10:47. > :11:17.but our farmers are ploughing I'm finding it hard to see people
:11:18. > :11:21.bidding. It's really subtle. It is the slightest movement. Once you've
:11:22. > :11:23.seen the first bit, it's the slightest went of an eye.
:11:24. > :11:26.But there's been a perceptible nod towards a brave new world.
:11:27. > :11:31.We are bidding farewell to the European Union.
:11:32. > :11:33.Of any of us, these farmers have most to gain -
:11:34. > :11:43.On average 60% of farm earnings come from EU subsidies
:11:44. > :11:57.and it's estimated without them 90% of farms would collapse.
:11:58. > :12:05.That would have a catastrophic effect on jobs. 45,000 people work
:12:06. > :12:09.in agriculture. So far, all the Government has
:12:10. > :12:12.promised is the subsidies will continue for a year
:12:13. > :12:14.after we've left the EU. Everyone's panicking a bit,
:12:15. > :12:16.what's going to happen, But if you thought that uncertainty
:12:17. > :12:20.meant everyone here wanted to remain in the EU,
:12:21. > :12:22.you couldn't be more wrong. Done nowt for us farmers,
:12:23. > :12:28.I voted to come out. I thought we would be able
:12:29. > :12:36.to run our own industry more rather than be ruled by Brussels
:12:37. > :12:39.because we are certainly not on a level playing
:12:40. > :12:41.field by any means. Do you not worry about subsidies
:12:42. > :12:43.possibly disappearing? We shouldn't be
:12:44. > :12:48.relying on subsidies. The products we sell are some
:12:49. > :12:57.of the best meat in the world. We have no growth hormones
:12:58. > :13:02.or banned substances. Talking to farmers today, most
:13:03. > :13:08.of them appeared to want to leave. I don't think I've had one
:13:09. > :13:11.who wants to stay in it - We produce the best
:13:12. > :13:20.of lamb and beef. In the mart's kitchen they're happy
:13:21. > :13:31.that Brexit is on the menu. I guess you get to hear
:13:32. > :13:34.all the gossip in here? Has Brexit been part
:13:35. > :13:49.of the conversation? My biggest thing is to get people
:13:50. > :14:00.to buy British food. There's another threat -
:14:01. > :14:07.the loss of free trade with Europe. Only two months ago,
:14:08. > :14:09.a Parliamentary Committee warned that outside the single market,
:14:10. > :14:13.Europe could impose an import tax And that matters at this mart
:14:14. > :14:25.as much as anywhere. Almost half its lamb
:14:26. > :14:29.ends up in Europe. The key thing is to get
:14:30. > :14:31.a trade deal right. We have a market on our doorstep
:14:32. > :14:37.of 500 million consumers. Something like four in every ten
:14:38. > :14:44.lambs end up in that market from this region so we want
:14:45. > :14:46.to make sure our products But we also want to make sure
:14:47. > :14:50.we can take advantage of the new opportunities
:14:51. > :14:54.in the rest of the world. So the farmers reckon as long
:14:55. > :14:57.as the Europeans want to sell us their cheese and Champagne,
:14:58. > :15:18.British lamb will end up If you can sell in the EU, we can
:15:19. > :15:21.also sell outside of the EU. Are you not worried about potential
:15:22. > :15:27.barriers? What if they say that we cannot do it really?
:15:28. > :15:41.And the biggest reason for wanting out - red tape.
:15:42. > :15:44.Many believe an independent Britain will bring an end to what they see
:15:45. > :15:45.as costly and unnecessary bureaucracy.
:15:46. > :15:49.Would you tell me which way you voted?
:15:50. > :16:02.Well, to be independent so we're not at the beck and call of Brussels.
:16:03. > :16:04.I don't like being dictated to by Brussels, do we?
:16:05. > :16:07.Do you not fear you're going to be dictated to by Parliament?
:16:08. > :16:09.Maybe, that's one thing I don't know.
:16:10. > :16:11.But you're optimistic by the looks of you?
:16:12. > :16:30.And that bullish mood extends further afield.
:16:31. > :16:32.These animals here are all for beef or lamb.
:16:33. > :16:34.But what about another sector hugely important to this region?
:16:35. > :16:37.Paul Tompkins runs a dairy farm in North Yorkshire -
:16:38. > :16:40.he's seen the price of milk plummet - and it's made life difficult.
:16:41. > :16:43.It's been very tough for dairy farming over the last two years.
:16:44. > :16:46.I've had to cut every cost out of the business I can.
:16:47. > :16:49.We have had to ask staff not to come back in, which has
:16:50. > :16:56.It's put on pressures, money worries on my wife
:16:57. > :17:01.It takes me away from the kids - that work-life balance has been
:17:02. > :17:03.weighted towards the animals, which of course brings pressures
:17:04. > :17:10.I work 10-12 hours a day, 365 days a year.
:17:11. > :17:12.The number of dairy farms in the north east has
:17:13. > :17:15.halved in 15 years - with one going out of business
:17:16. > :17:19.Paul's now receiving a little more for his milk than it
:17:20. > :17:41.But Paul, a Remain daughter, is an optimist. It will bring drawbacks as
:17:42. > :17:44.well as positives. In a sign that he's confident
:17:45. > :17:47.about life once we leave the EU, Paul's increasing the number
:17:48. > :17:55.of cattle he owns, I will be milking these cards and a
:17:56. > :18:00.couple of years' time when we are outside the European Union. Our
:18:01. > :18:01.future is a little uncertain at the moment but we need to make sure
:18:02. > :18:03.there is a future for both of us. Back at Darlington Auction
:18:04. > :18:19.Mart, sales are done - Everybody patted us on the back and
:18:20. > :18:25.said they would see as next week. The Government insists it will get
:18:26. > :18:29.the best possible deal for farmers. But there is still a degree of
:18:30. > :18:35.uncertainty about what farming will look like after we leave the EU.
:18:36. > :18:40.Farmers believe they have a future after Brexit. That is because they
:18:41. > :18:44.have a belief in the quality of British projects. -- British
:18:45. > :18:46.produce. Don't forget we love
:18:47. > :18:47.to hear your thoughts on all the stories we cover -
:18:48. > :18:50.you can contact me If I were to say Cumbria
:18:51. > :18:55.was a pioneer of multicultural integration long before it was even
:18:56. > :18:58.thought of, you might think But comedian Sir Lenny Henry
:18:59. > :19:07.knows it's no joke. The first Black policeman
:19:08. > :19:08.was born in Carlisle Historical novelist Philippa Gregory
:19:09. > :19:12.has been championing the life of John Kent and it's inspired
:19:13. > :19:15.Sir Lenny to bring his story History can throw up remarkable
:19:16. > :19:29.stories and in all my years this I'm at Robert Ferguson Primary
:19:30. > :19:37.School in Cumbria at the start These kids don't know it yet
:19:38. > :19:44.but they're going to learn about an amazing person who made
:19:45. > :19:51.history here nearly 200 years ago. The first Black police officer
:19:52. > :19:56.was from Carlisle and he joined Carlisle Police Force
:19:57. > :20:04.on the 17th Aug 1837. So what links a classroom
:20:05. > :20:07.of kids and John Kent? John Kent was this country's
:20:08. > :20:14.first Black policeman, striding the streets
:20:15. > :20:16.in a swallow-tailed coat and a stout top hat and carrying an oaken
:20:17. > :20:19.staff, striking terror And now he's inspired
:20:20. > :20:23.the interest of one This is my first day
:20:24. > :20:29.of official research. I'm trying to figure out
:20:30. > :20:32.how to be a historian. A lot has changed in nearly
:20:33. > :20:41.200 years and, rather than fear John Kent,
:20:42. > :20:44.the kids love the story. He must have been very brave
:20:45. > :20:52.to be the first ever one because if there were loads of White
:20:53. > :20:55.ones and he was just the only one it He was the first ever Black person
:20:56. > :21:02.to be a policeman in the UK. John Kent's role today isn't
:21:03. > :21:07.to keep law and order That racism is a very bad thing
:21:08. > :21:15.and you should not be mean to people just because of the colour
:21:16. > :21:23.of their skin. We don't have a great diversity
:21:24. > :21:25.in Cumbria but I think it is important for kids to learn
:21:26. > :21:28.to cherish diversity and difference and to be curious about people
:21:29. > :21:33.from other cultures. I think it was fantastic,
:21:34. > :21:40.the way they received it and the way they connected themselves
:21:41. > :21:43.with his story. Now, at this stage I'm going to have
:21:44. > :21:51.to declare an interest. I'm fascinated by the history
:21:52. > :21:54.of the slave trade in England 11 years ago, we made a programme
:21:55. > :22:01.that explored his roots. John was the son of a slave,
:22:02. > :22:05.Thomas Kent, who was brought into Whitehaven and freed
:22:06. > :22:10.in this country. And settled, married
:22:11. > :22:11.an English woman... Back then I revealed
:22:12. > :22:14.to the Bulman family they're So I imagine that's
:22:15. > :22:19.a bit of a surprise? I could not see how anyone could
:22:20. > :22:22.treat another human being like that. I find racism completely disgusting
:22:23. > :22:26.and always have done. Maybe explains why,
:22:27. > :22:28.because I have Black blood My reaction was surprise,
:22:29. > :22:39.being a White farmer, to find I had a Black
:22:40. > :22:41.slave in the ancestry, all the feedback I've had
:22:42. > :22:44.in the past years has been positive, everyone saying what
:22:45. > :22:45.a wonderful story. So I have had a relative
:22:46. > :22:52.who was a policeman. That's more interesting
:22:53. > :22:59.than slavery. I was quite surprised
:23:00. > :23:03.that he was a policeman because we're a family of farmers
:23:04. > :23:05.so it seemed strange there was someone who was not
:23:06. > :23:10.a farmer in the family. Now you've grown up and had time
:23:11. > :23:13.to think about John Kent, Apparently he was quite well-loved
:23:14. > :23:17.and respected by the community, so I'm quite pleased
:23:18. > :23:20.that he was the first Black policeman but he was respected
:23:21. > :23:23.as well for the job that he did. Anyone searching for clues
:23:24. > :23:26.about John Kent will come So when I received a message last
:23:27. > :23:34.year from Sir Lenny Henry wanting to know more about our hero,
:23:35. > :23:41.I suggested we meet here. I've enlisted the help
:23:42. > :23:50.of Susan Dench, an expert We are interested in how someone
:23:51. > :23:56.like Kent interacted with the local community and we know that it says
:23:57. > :24:04.he was used as a bogey man, if you don't behave yourself
:24:05. > :24:06.Black Kent will come and get you, but in what other ways
:24:07. > :24:09.did he interact with He seems to have been a fairly
:24:10. > :24:14.well-respected person. I'm fascinated by that
:24:15. > :24:18.and I want to know more. Lenny wants to write a TV drama
:24:19. > :24:22.with John Kent at the centre of it and has asked me to help him out
:24:23. > :24:25.with the research. I've never seen anything
:24:26. > :24:27.like this before. It's the stories that count
:24:28. > :24:36.but what is great about the raw history is the detail
:24:37. > :24:39.because if you are writing, I would imageine you feel the same,
:24:40. > :24:43.it is the detail, it is the smell and if you can get a whiff
:24:44. > :24:46.of that, a flavour of that, John Kent's records are a treasure
:24:47. > :24:50.trove for Lenny's script. I'm totally out of my comfort zone,
:24:51. > :24:53.the things I have written are usually jokes but this
:24:54. > :25:00.is another thing altogether. This is reading historical materials
:25:01. > :25:02.with a view to creating a film and if it works
:25:03. > :25:08.it is going to be fantastic. And Carlisle is going to be right
:25:09. > :25:11.in the centre of it all. Lenny tells me script development
:25:12. > :25:14.is going well and he's looking And he isn't the only one creating
:25:15. > :25:23.some drama around the ex-bobby. These mechanical puppets will tour
:25:24. > :25:25.the county this year helping to bring this extraordinary
:25:26. > :25:30.story to life. The uniform and this
:25:31. > :25:36.fantastic stove-pipe hat. Yeah, and the hat is
:25:37. > :25:40.concealing something, I wanted to show that they did such
:25:41. > :25:48.long shifts and they didn't have breaks and they'd have to walk
:25:49. > :25:52.through the night. If you haven't got an official
:25:53. > :25:54.break, you need to carry And you speak of him
:25:55. > :25:57.with real affection. He went on as the son
:25:58. > :26:10.to first the work as I think people noticed him
:26:11. > :26:14.because he was working hard Eventually here he is -
:26:15. > :26:17.Britain's first Black policeman and I think that is lovely
:26:18. > :26:22.and an unexpected story Back in the classroom Aftab's
:26:23. > :26:28.talk is coming to an end All right, and what is
:26:29. > :26:39.the poster going to be like? Say not to be racism
:26:40. > :26:41.to people because they're And what did you think
:26:42. > :26:47.of the story of John Kent? I think that it is amazing
:26:48. > :26:53.that he was born in Carlisle. John Kent was dismissed from
:26:54. > :26:57.the Police in 1844 for drunkenness, He died aged 86 and is buried
:26:58. > :27:03.here at Carlisle cemetery This is a standard metal
:27:04. > :27:10.detector and it's designed to pick up where the actual
:27:11. > :27:15.grave number is. The grave has been
:27:16. > :27:23.forgotten until today. Most graves have a metal number
:27:24. > :27:29.marking the end of the plot. And that means, with the cemetery
:27:30. > :27:36.records, Mike can work out where our policeman
:27:37. > :27:44.was laid to rest. The graves are at four-foot centres
:27:45. > :27:47.so im going to just do a simple measurement one,
:27:48. > :27:49.two, three, four, and marks the centre point of grave 150,
:27:50. > :27:52.the grave of the late Mr John Kent. And for such a strong
:27:53. > :28:02.and elegant character in life, So, John Kent, the country's first
:28:03. > :28:09.Black policeman, who now rightfully is being celebrated
:28:10. > :28:16.in his home city. I hope the interest in his
:28:17. > :28:19.story continues to grow. He's no longer just living
:28:20. > :28:21.in the history books, now he's living in the minds
:28:22. > :28:23.of Cumbria's brightest And you can see that John Kent
:28:24. > :28:33.mechanical puppet as part of a wider exhibition about Carlisle's Black
:28:34. > :28:39.history in the city's Next week, thousands of people
:28:40. > :28:47.are dying in Northern cities each year from pollution -
:28:48. > :28:49.have we exhausted all Hello, I'm Riz Lateef
:28:50. > :29:06.with your 90-second update. It's been described as the worst
:29:07. > :29:08.blunder in Oscars history - when the wrong winner for best
:29:09. > :29:11.film was announced. The stars of LaLa Land
:29:12. > :29:13.were accepting the award when they were told the winner
:29:14. > :29:17.was actually Moonlight. There's a warning that
:29:18. > :29:19.insuring your car could cost a lot The changes mean higher
:29:20. > :29:23.compensation pay-outs. But insurers say, in return,
:29:24. > :29:27.premiums will rise. 2.5 years after it was set up -
:29:28. > :29:29.the independent inquiry into child sex abuse has
:29:30. > :29:33.begun its first public hearings. Today its focus was the abuse
:29:34. > :29:36.of children sent to Australia A man's been convicted
:29:37. > :29:41.after breaking into Simon Cowell's home and stealing almost ?1 million
:29:42. > :29:44.worth of jewellery. The music mogul and his family
:29:45. > :29:49.were asleep at the time.