:00:11. > :00:23.Hello and welcome to BBC Inside Out. Why residents are seeing red about
:00:24. > :00:28.planning decisions. You can't except that you are going to have ` brick
:00:29. > :00:35.wall in front of you. How fdars tourists can be damaging thd Lake
:00:36. > :00:46.District Park. the very thing they come to love.
:00:47. > :00:53.And it is this year's must see stage production. A journey on worldwide
:00:54. > :01:01.success. How can you adapt ` book that goes all the
:01:02. > :01:06.First World War, swap sides from the Allied side is
:01:07. > :01:08.Housing supply in England is struggling to keep up
:01:09. > :01:11.with demand despite a new l`w to make planning applications simpler.
:01:12. > :01:13.But building on Greenfield sites is controversial and ` as Jacex Normand
:01:14. > :01:26.has been finding out ` some North West residents believe the new
:01:27. > :01:28.guidelines are helping developers more than local communities. It s
:01:29. > :01:35.the most expensive thing most of us ever buy in our lives.
:01:36. > :01:39.What people want to do is ptt up the drawbridge and live in their own
:01:40. > :01:44.little cocoon and forget thd fact that their home was once a new home
:01:45. > :01:49.When you've been used to looking out over a green field, you can't accept
:01:50. > :02:12.that you're going to have a brick wall in front of yot.
:02:13. > :02:22.Pani regulations come into force today. Some say it can lead to a
:02:23. > :02:24.free for all. Two years on, not everyone hs happy
:02:25. > :02:37.about how the new rules are working. A report out today by the c`mpaign
:02:38. > :02:41.for expresses concern about the number
:02:42. > :02:52.of greenfield approved in the north`west. They say
:02:53. > :03:09.the current policy is encouraging causing the problem.
:03:10. > :03:11.It's proven to be a delicate balance for Head Planner
:03:12. > :03:18.It's her job to recommend which sites should or shouldn't be
:03:19. > :03:20.developed to the County Planning Committee.
:03:21. > :03:24.The whole purpose of the localism act was to give people power, not to
:03:25. > :03:27.stop developments but to actually say yes we'll have developmdnts
:03:28. > :03:38.It wasn't a legislation to tse a hackney word, for nimbies to say no.
:03:39. > :03:41.It was actually for them to say yes we'll have this but we'll h`ve it
:03:42. > :03:45.This is Hartford, a small vhllage in the heart of leafy Cheshhre.
:03:46. > :03:47.650 new homes have been givdn the go ahead, despite local
:03:48. > :03:51.They feel the changes have put planning in the developers favour.
:03:52. > :03:55.They opposed two large`scald developments and are still `ngry
:03:56. > :03:58.about the decision to give them the green light. This site here is
:03:59. > :04:01.actually open countryside and it also has the added protection of an
:04:02. > :04:06.AS LEV which is the area of significant local environmental
:04:07. > :04:09.value so it means a lot to the people that
:04:10. > :04:15.However that didn't count whth the development and the devdlopment
:04:16. > :04:22.It's just the number of properties because this site plus the other
:04:23. > :04:25.site it bringing 650 houses to Hartford which is increasing our
:04:26. > :04:34.sixe by 30% ` that's quite ` drastic and very large sort of development.
:04:35. > :04:38.Rita can see one of the sitds from her back`garden.
:04:39. > :04:40.And she's worried about the impact on traffic in the village.
:04:41. > :04:43.Before the changes, objectors had to show that
:04:44. > :04:48.congestion would be significant as a result of new housing developments.
:04:49. > :04:51.Now they have to show it wotld be severe, something she believes
:04:52. > :05:00.Independent transport consultant Michael Kitching has been working
:05:01. > :05:02.in Hartford with Rita and other objectors.
:05:03. > :05:06.I asked him what constitutes a severe traffic problem.
:05:07. > :05:19.And one person's severe may be very different to another.
:05:20. > :05:25.Nobody wants to see highway safety compromised and it's import`nt to
:05:26. > :05:31.make sure that emergency vehicles can pass through the area as well.
:05:32. > :05:34.In terms of the relaxation of the laws if that's how you'd deem
:05:35. > :05:36.them, are you seeing a shift in opinion really?
:05:37. > :05:38.I think certainly from our experience the planning
:05:39. > :05:41.inspectorate seems to be taking a more relaxed view now in terms
:05:42. > :05:42.of things like walking, cycling public transport and frequency
:05:43. > :05:48.So maybe the hard and fast figures that we are used to seeing `re being
:05:49. > :05:54.relaxed slightly and development is being allowed to proceed.
:05:55. > :05:57.The developer in this case is Redrow.
:05:58. > :05:59.They deny that the building of 650 new homes in the village will
:06:00. > :06:05.I suspect that the car movements are going to be
:06:06. > :06:18.It's a very, very sustainable development it's walking distance to
:06:19. > :06:20.the railway station so if you work in Liverpool or Manchester ht's
:06:21. > :06:31.You don't even need a bicycle to get there you can walk therd.
:06:32. > :06:33.It''s walking distance to the shops, and it's walkable to schools.
:06:34. > :06:36.There has been opposition to this project, as a developer how
:06:37. > :06:39.difficult is it to balance that with your needs which is as a business?
:06:40. > :06:44.Well I mean people don't like change `
:06:45. > :06:48.but something's got to give in that as there's 1.5 million people on
:06:49. > :06:51.housing waiting lists at thd moment and we need to build more homes
:06:52. > :06:54.And I think people accept that, they just don't like it near them.
:06:55. > :07:09.So there has to be a mind`sdt change really in the countrx.
:07:10. > :07:25.There have been calls for Britain to stay a green and pleasant l`nd.
:07:26. > :07:36.granted applications on somd brownfield sites, but they `re just
:07:37. > :07:40.not moving ahead because thdy may be areas not particularly attr`ctive
:07:41. > :07:43.and people might not want to live there anyway. And let's facd it
:07:44. > :07:50.developers aren't going to build houses unless they can sell them.
:07:51. > :07:53.But Steve Morgan from Redrow disagrees There's a total f`llacy
:07:54. > :07:59.Actually two thirds of what we do anyway is
:08:00. > :08:01.on brownfield sites so it's totally untrue to say that builders just
:08:02. > :08:08.And we don't mind building on brownfield sites at all.
:08:09. > :08:14.The site we are going to now is a greenfield site
:08:15. > :08:18.but it's not greenbelt, but it is in a conservation area.
:08:19. > :08:25.So there is an additional dtty when considering applications.
:08:26. > :08:28.Fiona Hore is on her way to assess the site to see
:08:29. > :08:33.She will then make her recommendation to the
:08:34. > :08:38.So here we are at the start of the site and this is a shte
:08:39. > :08:45.It's quite a well`planned and well laid out site with the
:08:46. > :08:48.access coming in off the ro`d and they will keep this green wddge and
:08:49. > :08:51.there's a good line of trees along here and they will all be protected
:08:52. > :08:55.Isn't this just an easy target though
:08:56. > :08:58.because it is a little bit of green space in quite a built up area?
:08:59. > :09:00.Yes I think you're right, it is quite an easy target.
:09:01. > :09:03.Developers do things to makd a profit.
:09:04. > :09:05.If they can minimise their costs upfront then thdy are
:09:06. > :09:08.going to make a bigger profht on the houses and a lot of people
:09:09. > :09:11.that think that's a really bad thing but we have to be realistic,
:09:12. > :09:15.But if you look at it objectively it's
:09:16. > :09:18.an area surrounded by development and it's the next logical step
:09:19. > :09:20.and the next logical place for a village like this to dxpand.
:09:21. > :09:23.You need to keep the village going by bringing
:09:24. > :09:26.in new blood to get children in the schools and things like that.
:09:27. > :09:27.It's the way you sustain communities
:09:28. > :09:29.Fiona estimates 99% of applhcations on greenfield sites are met with
:09:30. > :09:35.But Rita found as an objector she had limited legal rights.
:09:36. > :09:42.Yes, and disappointed I think as well,
:09:43. > :09:46.because the localism bill qtite clearly stated that they were taking
:09:47. > :09:52.responsibility away from thd man in Whitehall so that communitids can
:09:53. > :09:58.say how they'd want their community or town to develop in the ftture.
:09:59. > :10:01.Rita may have lost her fight, but in Tarporley the planning
:10:02. > :10:08.application has been turned down ` despite Fiona's recommendathons
:10:09. > :10:11.The developers are planning to appeal but for the time being
:10:12. > :10:18.at least, residents will kedp their green field.
:10:19. > :10:20.The new regulations which were brought in to silplify
:10:21. > :10:27.Although people recognise a growing demand for new homes in the region,
:10:28. > :10:34.the arguments about where exactly to build them look set to continue.
:10:35. > :10:40.The second we open the show`homes we sell.
:10:41. > :10:43.I can't justify and tell solebody who's lived next to a green field
:10:44. > :10:47.for 40 years that's it's gohng to be wonderful and that are going to
:10:48. > :10:50.be really happy to have a housing development up against their back
:10:51. > :10:53.yard because I'm never going to be able to convince them of th`t
:10:54. > :10:59.It is sad because we have got to think about future generations, and
:11:00. > :11:03.if we lose all the open countryside, it's going to be a concrete jungle
:11:04. > :11:05.and future generations are not going to be able to enjoy
:11:06. > :11:13.We're meant to be writing stories today.
:11:14. > :11:19.The Curious Incident Of The Dog In The Night`Time comes to Salford
:11:20. > :11:22.The story is basically about him on a detective hunt to find out who
:11:23. > :11:27.the murderer is but on this journey he discovers all
:11:28. > :11:35.It's 65 years since an act of Parliament signalled the birth
:11:36. > :11:42.The first opened in the Peak District and was quickly followed
:11:43. > :11:45.by nine more including the Lake District here in the North West
:11:46. > :11:50.Today there are 15 and, despite vast differences in geography,
:11:51. > :11:52.they've all been very successful and are now facing similar challenges.
:11:53. > :12:02.They are the picture perfect landscapes.
:12:03. > :12:09.The distinctive scenery which gives a sense of placd,
:12:10. > :12:14.inspiring artists, exhausting ramblers and protecting wildlife.
:12:15. > :12:16.Over six decades, the National Parks have become the
:12:17. > :12:29.The idea for public access to large tracts of the countryside bdgan
:12:30. > :12:34.a century or so before it became enshrined hn law.
:12:35. > :12:38.It was an event in 1932 which is credited as being the catalxst
:12:39. > :12:48.During the Kinder Scout Mass Trespass, 400
:12:49. > :12:50.people walked onto a privatdly owned rocky plateau in the Peak Dhstrict.
:12:51. > :12:53.Five were jailed, and the controversy prompted
:12:54. > :12:59.National Parks are about educating people.
:13:00. > :13:02.Colin Speakman, a founding lember of the Yorkshire Dales Socidty, has
:13:03. > :13:09.He believes the mass trespass was a critical moment.
:13:10. > :13:14.Although people didn't know it at the time, it created a m`rtyr
:13:15. > :13:21.And I think people were so outraged that these young men were sdnt to
:13:22. > :13:24.jail purely for walking on the hills, it really set people thinking
:13:25. > :13:28.and, although it took anothdr 2 `odd years until after the Second World
:13:29. > :13:30.War before we finally got the legislation we needed,
:13:31. > :13:37.The Council for the Preserv`tion of Rural England are urging
:13:38. > :13:39.the Government to create thdse National Parks.
:13:40. > :13:42.With the fresh clean air coling across the hills and dales.
:13:43. > :13:43.With their quiet still waters offering
:13:44. > :13:53.Today, across the North, the five National Parks havd
:13:54. > :13:59.about a million residents and roughly 50 million tourists a year.
:14:00. > :14:05.Idyllic sanctuaries for picnics and walks.
:14:06. > :14:09.To residents, they are both home and workplace.
:14:10. > :14:10.The authorities which run the National Parks must
:14:11. > :14:15.They have to conserve and enhance the landscape, the
:14:16. > :14:21.They have also got to bring in the visitors.
:14:22. > :14:26.Generally, it's agreed they've done a pretty good job.
:14:27. > :14:29.But in doing so they've had to walk a tightrope between the needs
:14:30. > :14:33.On the one hand, visitors bring traffic,
:14:34. > :14:40.On the other, tourism is vital to the economy and local peopld also
:14:41. > :14:48.need their livelihoods and landscapes protected.
:14:49. > :14:50.Steve Tatlock has been a ranger in the Lake District
:14:51. > :15:00.Originally from Horwich in Lancashire,
:15:01. > :15:08.His patch covers Langdale, Windermere and Cartmell Fell.
:15:09. > :15:16.The one who has walk that thghtrope between the conflicts of interest.
:15:17. > :15:18.So many people in such a delicate area, they can wear away thd very
:15:19. > :15:23.So we get involved in making the infrastructurd more
:15:24. > :15:26.sustainable, more robust and find that balance about providing that
:15:27. > :15:30.without destroying what people come to see is a constant challenge.
:15:31. > :15:33.So as well as having the technical ability to put that in, somdtimes
:15:34. > :15:36.you sort of need to draw on your own perception of what looks right.
:15:37. > :15:41.How do you blend it in with the curves and contours
:15:42. > :15:43.of the hillside rather than just putting a big motorway throtgh?
:15:44. > :15:56.So it's that constant balance that we're looking for.
:15:57. > :15:59.With scenery like this, no wonder properties in the National
:16:00. > :16:06.According to one national estate agent,
:16:07. > :16:15.Now those prices stay high because of stringent planning
:16:16. > :16:20.controls and there's not much in the way of new house constrtction.
:16:21. > :16:21.Without large scale estates and developments, there's
:16:22. > :16:29.This is Grassington in the Craven District of the Yorkshire D`les
:16:30. > :16:34.The cost of an average housd here is around ?200,000.
:16:35. > :16:36.To buy one with a 75% mortgage you'd need an annual
:16:37. > :16:46.The average salary here is well below 20,000.
:16:47. > :16:48.This building site is being developed by a housing charhty
:16:49. > :16:53.which provides new homes for rent to local people.
:16:54. > :16:54.Five houses and two flats are under construction
:16:55. > :17:01.They will go to people on social housing waiting lhsts
:17:02. > :17:03.The charity says building in a National Park cannot bd done
:17:04. > :17:09.Working with the community, and the National Park, and the local
:17:10. > :17:17.So it's quite often that sole of these sites might be in the working
:17:18. > :17:22.for two or three years before they actually even get to this stage
:17:23. > :17:24.A lot of the brownfield sites have bden taken
:17:25. > :17:30.The cost of building in the National Park, because we have to usd natural
:17:31. > :17:34.materials, you're building puite small sites so economies of scale
:17:35. > :17:40.So a number of challenges, not problems,
:17:41. > :17:49.There is a bus stop at the dnd of a long day's hike,
:17:50. > :17:52.especially when you're wanddring about that last bus home.
:17:53. > :17:55.When the parks first opened, there were regular bus servhces
:17:56. > :17:58.But many of those routes have since been abandoned.
:17:59. > :18:01.Seven years ago, Colin Speakman helped set up DalesBus,
:18:02. > :18:07.It took on the management of many of the Sunday routes within
:18:08. > :18:13.the Yorkshire Dales, and has seen passenger numbers treble.
:18:14. > :18:15.The people who use the buses decide where they'll go, what they'll cost.
:18:16. > :18:21.We work very closely with rdgular users, local people,
:18:22. > :18:25.local organisations, the National Park and the bus companies.
:18:26. > :18:29.So between us because we're all walkers we know what walkers want.
:18:30. > :18:32.Every year we have a financhal crisis and once again the ftnding
:18:33. > :18:35.we've had for three years is about to disappear so we're going to
:18:36. > :18:38.plan a major conference in @utumn bringing everybody together to try
:18:39. > :18:41.and impress upon Government, regionally and nationally,
:18:42. > :18:46.And it doesn't cost a lot in the scale of things but without
:18:47. > :18:53.that kind of money even the volunteers can't achieve thhngs
:18:54. > :18:56.60 years ago, no`one had cohned the term global warming.
:18:57. > :19:00.Today, dealing with changes in our climate is a prioritx
:19:01. > :19:17.This is Rydal Beck high above Ambleside.
:19:18. > :19:20.A water source which has provided hydro electric power to the estate
:19:21. > :19:29.Now it's being upgraded, and the surplus power, enough for about 400
:19:30. > :19:41.It's big engineering in a normally tranquil spot.
:19:42. > :19:44.I think no matter how careftlly you plan this, there comes a pohnt
:19:45. > :19:46.when you think, "My goodness me this is very impactful."
:19:47. > :19:49.Providing we do the restoration works properly,
:19:50. > :19:52.at the end of it, nature soon recovers and so, providing we limit
:19:53. > :19:56.the damage, localise it, within a few year's time you won't actually
:19:57. > :20:04.It says a lot about the Nathonal Parks that in 65 years views
:20:05. > :20:11.Compare that to the alterathons made to our urban landscapes.
:20:12. > :20:14.But change is coming and no`one really knows what
:20:15. > :20:20.The Government hasn't ruled out the possibility of fracking
:20:21. > :20:26.And the authorities all facd cuts which will see shrinking
:20:27. > :20:33.The past has always been protected in our National P`rks
:20:34. > :20:39.Will they continue to be an archive of our natural and cultural
:20:40. > :20:50.The play War Horse has been this year's must`see production here in
:20:51. > :20:53.the north`west where it is currently running at the Lowry Theatrd.
:20:54. > :20:56.Chris Hawkins caught up with the show's director
:20:57. > :21:01.Marianne Elliott, who has gone from Stockport to worldwide succdss, and
:21:02. > :21:04.he found out more about her latest hit which is heading our wax.
:21:05. > :21:06.This film does contain some flashing images.
:21:07. > :21:17.War Horse tells the tale of Joey, a horse serving on the Westdrn
:21:18. > :21:22.Its heartrending story and clever use of puppetry has
:21:23. > :21:25.delighted audiences the world over since it was conceived
:21:26. > :21:31.at the National Theatre in London by co`director Marianne Ellhott
:21:32. > :21:34.I genuinely thought this is absolutely crazy.
:21:35. > :21:41.How can you adapt a book th`t has the horse as the first person
:21:42. > :21:44.speaking all the way through the story, goes all the way through the
:21:45. > :21:48.First World War, swaps sides from the Allied side to the Germ`n side?
:21:49. > :21:52.What is essentially also a kids book,
:21:53. > :21:57.Yeah, and a puppet being the main character.
:21:58. > :22:07.The guys who puppeteer Joey are incredibly bonded and unifidd.
:22:08. > :22:08.They have to be very attuned to each other
:22:09. > :22:14.Often in rehearsals you just say, "Joey, could you come over here
:22:15. > :22:19.Where has he been with you around the world?
:22:20. > :22:22.He's an incredibly travelled horse, so he has been to Berlin,
:22:23. > :22:32.He's been on a UK tour all around the UK and the USA.
:22:33. > :22:40.He's a bit big in the cockpht but he seems to be OK on the jotrney.
:22:41. > :22:42.So will you ever work with animals again?
:22:43. > :22:51.Marianne was born into theatrical life.
:22:52. > :22:54.Her mother is the actress Rosalind Knight and her father, the director
:22:55. > :22:58.Michael Elliott, founded thd Royal Exchange Theatre in Manchester.
:22:59. > :23:00.Here he is speaking to Joan Bakewell prior to the theatre's openhng
:23:01. > :23:05.A few people since we've bedn in Manchester thought we were here
:23:06. > :23:11.That our aim was to be in London and to use Manchester as a jumphng off
:23:12. > :23:19.We are here because we want to be in Manchester as long as profession
:23:20. > :23:22.finds it rewarding to work xou, the best people will be herd.
:23:23. > :23:25.As long as the best people `re here, it'll be a very good theatrd.
:23:26. > :23:28.We wanted the building and the company eventually to become
:23:29. > :23:34.I think I thought it was very uncool to be into theatre
:23:35. > :23:37.and I used to complain about them talking shop quite
:23:38. > :23:40.a lot at home, so I did anything I could not go into the theatre.
:23:41. > :23:45.Yeah, they did take me to plays and there
:23:46. > :23:52.I can still remember some of the plays better than sole
:23:53. > :24:00.But I still didn't really w`nt to have anything to do with it.
:24:01. > :24:03.I wanted to forge my own wax, and it wasn't really until ly father
:24:04. > :24:09.died when I was 17 that I started to think maybe I could do this.
:24:10. > :24:15.I went to university and did drama at university.
:24:16. > :24:17.And it was at the Royal Exchange that Marianne started her own
:24:18. > :24:20.When I started there as an assistant,
:24:21. > :24:26.I loved the fact it was in the round.
:24:27. > :24:32.I loved the fact it had this huge magical weird hall behind it.
:24:33. > :24:35.You could see the actors approaching the theatre.
:24:36. > :24:39.And the audience were so close to the stage.
:24:40. > :24:41.It meant you could do very hntimate things but also incredibly big,
:24:42. > :24:49.Marianne was talent spotted and worked at
:24:50. > :24:51.London's Royal Court Theatrd before being taken on by the National
:24:52. > :24:53.Theatre, where she has established herself as one of the country's
:24:54. > :25:05.I love the craft of acting and I see how difficult it hs and I
:25:06. > :25:11.So I suppose when I'm in a room with actors, that is
:25:12. > :25:20.My job, I feel, is to encourage I suppose.
:25:21. > :25:27.We're meant to be writing stories today.
:25:28. > :25:31.So why don't you write about what happened to Wellington last night?
:25:32. > :25:37.One of her latest successes is her adaptation of Mark Haddon's book
:25:38. > :25:39.The Curious Incident Of The Dog In The Night`Time which comes to
:25:40. > :25:50.It's basically about a boy who is incredibly bright in
:25:51. > :26:00.And he loves animals more than humans, really.
:26:01. > :26:03.And he finds his neighbour's dog killed at the beginning of the show,
:26:04. > :26:09.And the story is basically about him going on a detecthve hunt
:26:10. > :26:21.Mark Haddon describes Christopher as a boy not with a disabilhty,
:26:22. > :26:25.It's a story about difference, not disability.
:26:26. > :26:27.We wanted the audience to sde things through Christopher's eyes.
:26:28. > :26:29.To feel things through Christopher's eyes.
:26:30. > :26:31.Our set is basically Christopher's workings out.
:26:32. > :26:39.It's not a brain on stage, but there's lots of graph p`per
:26:40. > :26:43.He loves maths and science `nd working things out like a ddtective.
:26:44. > :26:47.And out of that quite open stage come all sorts of things in
:26:48. > :26:54.So if he decides he's in thd kitchen one moment and then he is on the
:26:55. > :26:56.train station the next, the train station just emerges with the actors
:26:57. > :27:05.Let's just have a moment of quiet and concentration.
:27:06. > :27:08.It's a little bit dissipated, the concentration today,
:27:09. > :27:11.which means that we might gdt an injury, so let's just have
:27:12. > :27:19.You started the snow show in the round in the West End.
:27:20. > :27:24.What will audiences in the Lowry experience?
:27:25. > :27:29.because I've worked a lot of theatre in the north`west, is that there is
:27:30. > :27:32.an immediacy and actually there is a warmth that comes
:27:33. > :27:38.So I'm sure that they will be able to access Christopher
:27:39. > :27:45.And I'm sure that they will love the wit.
:27:46. > :27:47.He's very, very witty, Christopher, so I'm sure that's something they
:27:48. > :27:54.So where do you go from herd as a director?
:27:55. > :27:56.I think you just keep trying to push your own boundaries.
:27:57. > :28:22.We are back next Monday at 7.30pm on BBC One.
:28:23. > :28:33.Next week why millions of pdople are turning their backs on penshons
:28:34. > :28:37.One thing seems to be coming through loud and clear.
:28:38. > :28:39.If you're not making provishons for your future now, you could be in for
:28:40. > :30:11.This summer, war returned to Europe. Somebody's just fired, one of the
:30:12. > :30:12.rebels and the situation is chaotic. The West faces a new threat from