:00:06. > :00:15.The Police Community Support Officers of Brighton. 10 years on,
:00:15. > :00:20.are they seen as plastic policemen or has the idea actually worked?
:00:20. > :00:24.am talking to street drinkers and it does not involve the police. He
:00:24. > :00:31.is out arresting someone in dealing with Streak -- serious crime.
:00:31. > :00:36.Tracing the ancestors of Eastbourne. I am pleased. I think it is a
:00:36. > :00:42.shoulder blade. But I found it. is interesting. You do not know
:00:42. > :00:47.what you are walking over. battle for fishing quotas in Kent.
:00:47. > :00:50.It is pretty critical. There are people going out of business purely
:00:51. > :00:58.because the opportunity to do what they have done for generations,
:00:58. > :01:08.they cannot do it any more. I am Natalie Graham with untold stories,
:01:08. > :01:21.
:01:21. > :01:28.closer to home. From all around Tonight, I am in the Sussex seaside
:01:28. > :01:38.town of Eastbourne. I will be back here later but first here is Sean
:01:38. > :01:41.
:01:41. > :01:49.Killick. In the last 10 years, I must have walked 10,000 miles doing
:01:49. > :01:53.this job. Sharon Birt was a pioneer, one of the first Police Community
:01:53. > :02:03.Support Officers in Sussex. Into Desmond four, I filmed Sharon out
:02:03. > :02:06.
:02:06. > :02:10.on patrol to learn what they did. - - in 2004. Calm down. PCSOs are
:02:10. > :02:14.full-time police staff but unlike Constables they cannot a rest and
:02:14. > :02:18.am less. They were introduced to deal with minor crime, freeing
:02:18. > :02:26.Constables to catch serious criminals. They have had many
:02:26. > :02:31.critics, coming in from much abuse from the public. Do not rise to it.
:02:31. > :02:36.There is no point. That was nearly a decade ago. Sharon was not put
:02:36. > :02:46.off by the abuse. She is still pounding the Brighton beat. I will
:02:46. > :02:47.
:02:47. > :02:51.join her to find out how the role of a PCS au has joined -- has
:02:51. > :02:59.changed. This is the regular beat in Brighton. They are popular with
:02:59. > :03:05.the locals. Sometimes too popular. DE12 go on a date? -- do you want
:03:05. > :03:10.to go on a date. She is a bit busy. Much of the time, they deal with
:03:10. > :03:16.minor misdemeanours. No cycling on the payment. But carries a �30 fine.
:03:16. > :03:20.You will never do it again. Mostly, they chat with the public. A I
:03:21. > :03:30.cannot walk past a dog and not stroke it. Suddenly, a store
:03:31. > :03:31.
:03:31. > :03:37.detective radios for help with a suspected shoplifter. I have taken
:03:37. > :03:41.nothing. You need to stay with us for a few minutes. The man is
:03:41. > :03:46.questioned for 10 minutes inside the store. Sharon cannot arrest him
:03:46. > :03:52.but could call a constable to do so. This time, he is allowed to go.
:03:52. > :03:57.is saying, I have got nothing. Then something fell out of his trousers.
:03:57. > :04:04.I said, we need to get you served. He said he would strip an ISA do
:04:04. > :04:09.not. He then took his clothes off. -- and I said do not. He had no
:04:09. > :04:14.clothes on. The things we have to put up with! While Sharon got to
:04:14. > :04:18.the bottom of that one, how effective are they at catching shop
:04:18. > :04:23.left us? It is a major problem, much of a drink or drug-related.
:04:23. > :04:33.It's a manager has called them to see if they can identified a man
:04:33. > :04:34.
:04:34. > :04:43.suspected of stealing alcohol. walks away with the cider in his
:04:43. > :04:49.arms. We will then bad the product up a missile. -- Enrique this isle.
:04:49. > :04:58.He made no attempt to pay. They share intelligence with us and we
:04:58. > :05:03.share intelligence that. They know what is going on. Surprisingly, a
:05:03. > :05:06.short time later, I was approached by a man who said he was a former
:05:06. > :05:11.criminal and wanted to give a different perspective. From your
:05:11. > :05:20.experience, criminals are not bothered about PCSOs? What can they
:05:21. > :05:27.do? Can you please wait here are some of no. A criminal is going to
:05:27. > :05:32.run. A waste of money. All that money could be spent on real police
:05:32. > :05:37.officers. For every two of them you could get one real police officer.
:05:37. > :05:42.If the criminals are not afraid of the PCSOs, does that mean they are
:05:42. > :05:46.not effective? Rather than making arrests, much of their day is spent
:05:46. > :05:50.intelligence gathering. Each PCSOs is permanently assigned a small
:05:50. > :05:55.neighbourhood, attending meetings, building up a detailed knowledge of
:05:55. > :05:59.their area. That is information passed on to officers that can make
:05:59. > :06:03.arrests. We get to know our communities. That is the big
:06:03. > :06:07.difference I find. It speaks volumes to go out and know who
:06:07. > :06:12.you're talking to. It encourages the community war. They know their
:06:12. > :06:16.faces. They are more inclined to report things. We get intelligent
:06:16. > :06:21.and can deal with issues, then. We can deal with stuff before it
:06:21. > :06:25.happens. You have more powers than when you started? We were given new
:06:25. > :06:32.powers this year. We can issue fixed penalty notices for drunk and
:06:32. > :06:38.disorderly behaviour. We can search for alcohol and tobacco. Weekend
:06:38. > :06:43.detained for 30 minutes if an offence has taken place. -- we can
:06:44. > :06:53.detain. With their role evolving and new powers, I have come to
:06:54. > :06:54.
:06:54. > :07:00.Sussex Police headquarters to see what has changed. What is the
:07:00. > :07:07.problem here? A one decade ago, the new PCSOs had just two weeks'
:07:07. > :07:16.training. Now it is seven with fitness checks and role play.
:07:17. > :07:21.going to seize the vehicle. Everything is OK. Remain calm.
:07:21. > :07:26.These PCSOs will enter a different working environment to a decade ago
:07:26. > :07:29.when many police officers were critical. Over the years, the
:07:29. > :07:34.organisation which represents Constables has called them a con,
:07:34. > :07:40.ill-equipped and policing on the cheap. These days, they say PCSOs
:07:41. > :07:45.perform a useful role but once funding rules change next April, it
:07:45. > :07:49.wants more Constable refuted and pure PCSOs. Is that a
:07:49. > :07:55.contradiction? -- it once more Constables recruited. Police
:07:55. > :08:00.officers can be used for many things. That has been shown with
:08:00. > :08:06.the riots in London and policing the Olympics. The duties that a
:08:06. > :08:12.PCSO can perform are restricted. I would like to see a slow
:08:12. > :08:17.progression, not remove that PCSOs straight away but as they move on,
:08:17. > :08:22.that money is redirected into officers so the numbers increase.
:08:22. > :08:28.Sussex Police is standing by PCSOs as they and economical way of
:08:28. > :08:33.community policing. What are you asking people to do? If you are
:08:33. > :08:38.asking people to have a power of arrest, of course you need police
:08:38. > :08:47.Constable's. What we are offering with PCSOs is valuable -- is value
:08:47. > :08:57.for money. It is 10am. Sharon is that a special briefing at Brighton
:08:57. > :09:00.
:09:00. > :09:05.police station. This is an ongoing operation to tackle anti-social
:09:05. > :09:12.behaviour. Sharon can you ring CCTV? We will split into groups. We
:09:12. > :09:16.will concentrate on that area. London Road is Sharon's patch.
:09:16. > :09:20.PCSOs and Constables from across the city working on this operation
:09:20. > :09:25.will rely on her local knowledge. Sharon is paired with a constable,
:09:25. > :09:31.Rachel Piggott. They soon get a call to reports of drinking and
:09:31. > :09:35.abusive behaviour. Do you have any alcohol? So arm of the drinkers are
:09:35. > :09:40.given notices banning them from the area for the rest of the day. If
:09:40. > :09:44.they come back, they will be arrested. Next, they check a haunt
:09:44. > :09:49.of drug takers, recently Sharon found an addict blue in the face,
:09:49. > :09:55.minutes from death. She called an ambulance which saved the woman's
:09:55. > :10:04.life. All-clear here today. Sharon learns why and informs traders.
:10:04. > :10:11.two diesels -- users are in a hospital. Their only so many times
:10:11. > :10:17.they will get away with doing that. You have my mobile. If you have any
:10:17. > :10:22.problems, we have police officers. PCSOs such as sarin spend far
:10:22. > :10:27.longer on the beat than Constables. -- such as Sharon. Rachel will be
:10:27. > :10:32.tied up with paperwork for three hours. Sharon, not able to arrest,
:10:32. > :10:37.is hardly ever off the street. Many people seem frustrated with PCSOs
:10:38. > :10:42.limited powers. A police officer is better because if you see someone
:10:42. > :10:47.stealing something and running out, they can arrest them or take them
:10:48. > :10:53.away. In an ideal world, there would be more police Constables.
:10:53. > :10:58.They are doing the best they can do. Their presence in the community,
:10:58. > :11:05.the local community, is very good. They keep a sense of order. It is
:11:05. > :11:09.good to see them around. The PCSOs note they will always be under the
:11:09. > :11:16.cosh from some people. But it seems the plastic police have become a
:11:16. > :11:24.real part of 21st century polluting -- policing. Does Sharon feel
:11:24. > :11:29.useful? We are out dealing with all the low level things that happen.
:11:29. > :11:34.Why do you need a police officer to say, I need to take that off you.
:11:34. > :11:38.When they do not play ball, we call the police. But we can deal with a
:11:38. > :11:43.whole multitude of things without taking things away from them. They
:11:43. > :11:51.support us when we needed. You do not want to be a real copper?
:11:52. > :12:01.like to be out there. I want to support by police colleagues. After
:12:01. > :12:07.10 years, I still love it. That was Sean Killick. Coming up on Inside
:12:07. > :12:14.Out: Just how tough is it to be a fisherman. Every year, it is
:12:14. > :12:18.getting worse and worse. fishermen say that every year.
:12:18. > :12:25.does get harder every year because of the quota restrictions and all
:12:25. > :12:33.that. It is a hard job. Very hard. We do not know anything else so
:12:33. > :12:36.Now, finding out about your family's ancestry is easier than
:12:36. > :12:40.it's ever been, thanks mainly to the internet, but how about tracing
:12:40. > :12:47.the ancestry of an entire town? Well, that's just a little bit more
:12:47. > :12:52.But that's exactly what this gang of enthusiastic volunteers are
:12:52. > :13:02.hoping to do here on the Sussex coast. They're trying to find out
:13:02. > :13:07.
:13:07. > :13:12.as much as they can about the This is a man's shoulder blade.
:13:12. > :13:19.is interesting. You don't know what you while walking over. When you
:13:19. > :13:23.find something nous, you don't want a cup of tea, you don't want
:13:23. > :13:25.anything. This is year one of a unique two year project called
:13:25. > :13:27.Eastbourne Ancestors, an ambitious combination of archaeological digs,
:13:27. > :13:30.scientific research and historical investigation which it's hoped will
:13:30. > :13:37.make connections between the people who live here today, and the people
:13:37. > :13:43.who lived here long ago. Archaeologist Jo Seaman is the man
:13:43. > :13:53.behind it all. It's about building up a picture of the people and the
:13:53. > :13:57.
:13:57. > :14:00.place and beyond even. Whether it is the Romans or prehistoric people.
:14:00. > :14:04.Jo thinks more people would be interested in the history on their
:14:04. > :14:07.doorstep if only they knew what was there. Ann and Simon Eyre had no
:14:07. > :14:10.idea what was under their back doorstep until they decided to
:14:11. > :14:14.build a bigger garage. This gave Jo's team the perfect opportunity
:14:14. > :14:24.to explore the garden which happens to be close to an ancient burial
:14:24. > :14:24.
:14:24. > :14:29.ground. We have lived here 25 years and had no idea there was anything
:14:29. > :14:36.sitting underneath our garden. thought that there were people
:14:36. > :14:46.living here for years and years and years, and be known to s, and
:14:46. > :14:49.testers on our back lawn. Or and erect.
:14:49. > :14:52.-- or under it. Most towns in the south east are
:14:52. > :14:55.dotted with evidence of human activity going back thousands of
:14:55. > :14:58.years. A lot of it displayed in museums. But wartime bombing raids
:14:58. > :15:04.destroyed Eastbourne's main museum, so much of its history has had to
:15:04. > :15:11.be boxed up. This town literally has skeletons in its closet.
:15:12. > :15:16.have many in the town hall. They haven't really been analysed
:15:16. > :15:24.properly. No one has looked at them in depth and found out more about
:15:24. > :15:29.the people, what disease is based the Fed, how they lived their lives.
:15:30. > :15:32.We have a male individual. He has a really bad tooth decay here.
:15:32. > :15:35.Osteo Archaeologist, Hayley Forsyth has been examining the skeletons of
:15:35. > :15:45.about 200 Eastbourne Saxons, and she says it's amazing what you can
:15:45. > :15:45.
:15:45. > :15:52.tell just from a few bones and teeth. All the NMR has been worn
:15:52. > :15:56.away, probably from grit in the diet. It has exposed all of the
:15:56. > :15:59.nerves. I think it's safe to say this is the first time these Saxons
:15:59. > :16:01.have ever seen a toothbrush. There's a substantial team of
:16:01. > :16:05.volunteers, from near and far, working to learn more about the
:16:05. > :16:12.history of Eastbourne. Tori Zeeger has come all the way from Michigan
:16:12. > :16:22.USA to examine Eastbourne's incredible collection of clavicles.
:16:22. > :16:28.
:16:28. > :16:33.These clavicles show how active our Every time he pulled on the muscle,
:16:33. > :16:37.the bones react. The more you move it, the more you will be able to
:16:37. > :16:46.see. These weren't puny, short Saxons. Some of them were over six
:16:46. > :16:51.feet tall, and very strong. This clavicle is unusual. I have never
:16:52. > :16:57.seen one and this developed a peer. He might have used an arrow
:16:57. > :17:03.extensively. You can tell he is right handers. You can tell all of
:17:03. > :17:06.that. His left is much less developed. It is an awesome bone.
:17:06. > :17:10.Just down the hill from the Anglo Saxon burial m ground is a strip of
:17:10. > :17:13.land that Jo believes was once the location of a large house dating
:17:13. > :17:23.back to the 14th century. What's more he thinks he's got the photos
:17:23. > :17:30.to prove it. And hesitant to say it was a manor-house but it was that
:17:30. > :17:36.sort of feel to it. Very wealthy farm or land owner I would think.
:17:36. > :17:39.You can see the stone and the flint work, it is quite detailed. This is
:17:39. > :17:43.all indicative of a high-status building.
:17:43. > :17:46.The building was demolished back in the 60s to make way for a new
:17:46. > :17:50.housing estate. But the Eastbourne Ancestors team has discovered that
:17:50. > :17:53.the medieval foundations are still here. And it looks like Jo's plan
:17:53. > :18:01.to do high vis history is working. Eastbourne resident Ken Larkin saw
:18:01. > :18:08.the work going on here, and brought along some photos of his own.
:18:08. > :18:14.was my home. This was my area. The fields, the marsh, everything was
:18:14. > :18:22.here. My playground was from the road to the railway line. From here
:18:22. > :18:32.to the park. I had all of that to run about in. The odd thing is,
:18:32. > :18:38.today, I find it quite emotional. Just talking about the people, I
:18:38. > :18:43.didn't realise that was going to happen. Seeing it all dug up as an
:18:43. > :18:46.archaeological thing, we are not that old. That is true.
:18:46. > :18:50.The volunteers have found pottery, bricks, belt buckles and all kind
:18:50. > :18:54.of items from the Bronze Age, 3000 years ago, right up to modern times.
:18:54. > :19:02.They've also found a cellar wall. And by dating the material embedded
:19:02. > :19:08.above it and below it Jo has worked when the house was built. I would
:19:08. > :19:17.doubt it was earlier than 1300. That fits in with our medieval war.
:19:17. > :19:22.The Eastbourne Ancestors jigsaw puzzle is slowly coming together,
:19:22. > :19:25.piece by piece. But this is just the beginning. Over the next 12
:19:25. > :19:29.months, there will be more digs and much more detailed analysis of the
:19:29. > :19:32.skeletons in the town hall. Including carbon 14 dating and even
:19:32. > :19:38.reconstructing the faces of some of the Saxons so we can see what they
:19:38. > :19:41.looked like. So, Jo is on the lookout for even more people to
:19:41. > :19:45.roll their sleeves up and get involved. Because he believes it's
:19:45. > :19:53.important for all of us to get to know something of the people who
:19:53. > :19:58.once lived where we live. Quite often people say, what is the point
:19:58. > :20:02.with digging up the past. It can tell us so much about the future
:20:02. > :20:08.and the way to do things or not to do things. If it gives you a
:20:08. > :20:18.respect for the every you are living in or would like to visit,
:20:18. > :20:20.
:20:20. > :20:24.that is part of our job done. people say there are plenty more
:20:24. > :20:28.fish in the sea but these days, that is not true. They are a
:20:28. > :20:37.precious commodity but how but should they be managed for future
:20:37. > :20:39.The East of England has a long heritage of fishing. All along the
:20:39. > :20:42.coast, towns had their own boat builders, fishermen and fishmongers
:20:42. > :20:47.selling the local fish. They were an important part of the seaside
:20:47. > :20:53.community. But most of the fish we eat is caught by big boats on an
:20:53. > :20:55.industrial scale. The small boats say they are being put out of
:20:55. > :21:02.business because they aren't allowed to catch enough fish and
:21:02. > :21:06.that matters for us, the fish and the environment. Fishing in the
:21:06. > :21:12.Greater Thames estuary is a way of life for father and son Andrew and
:21:12. > :21:15.Johnny French. This is what we do, don't know anything else, don't
:21:15. > :21:17.want to know anything else. Their boat is classified as under 10
:21:17. > :21:24.metres long. The under 10 fleet includes the most environmentally
:21:24. > :21:31.friendly fishing boats in the Studies have shown their nets do
:21:31. > :21:41.less damage to the sea and fish. The legal requirement is 90mm but
:21:41. > :21:42.
:21:42. > :21:52.ours are all 95mm. You've made a conscious decision, why? Because we
:21:52. > :21:53.
:21:53. > :22:03.don't want to catch the smaller fish, it's better for everyone.
:22:03. > :22:15.
:22:15. > :22:18.When they are dead, it is daft. fishermen say that it gets harder??
:22:18. > :22:21.It does get harder every year with the quota, so that's what we do.
:22:21. > :22:24.These smaller boats are not given an annual quota by the Government,
:22:24. > :22:27.instead they are given a monthly allocation of fish they're allowed
:22:27. > :22:31.to catch known as the pool. And it makes it difficult for fishermen
:22:31. > :22:41.like the French's'. You don't know what they're going to give you one
:22:41. > :22:44.month to the next.. Bluey Wallpole says he's struggling with the quota
:22:44. > :22:49.system too. He has fished in these waters off the Kent coast for half
:22:49. > :22:52.a century. It's pretty critical I mean there's people going out of
:22:52. > :22:54.business purely because the opportunity to do what they have
:22:54. > :22:57.done for generations they can't do anymore.
:22:57. > :23:01.Small scale fishermen make up more than three quarters of the fishing
:23:01. > :23:03.industry in the UK yet they are allowed to catch just 4% of the
:23:03. > :23:07.entire national quota. Quotas are designed to protect fish stocks and
:23:07. > :23:11.stop over fishing. They were introduced in 1983 but the little
:23:11. > :23:14.boats say they missed out on the big deals back then and that most
:23:14. > :23:17.of the quota is currently held by just 24 fish producers'
:23:17. > :23:22.organisations. The smaller boats have formed an association to try
:23:22. > :23:27.and push for a bigger share of the fish. John Nicholls is from
:23:27. > :23:32.Ramsgate and helped set it up. quota doesn't work and never will
:23:32. > :23:35.work. It was never set up for multi-species fishery, it was set
:23:35. > :23:45.up for a single species fishery like in Fraserburgh in the top of
:23:45. > :23:53.
:23:53. > :23:56.Scotland where large vessels can They only target one species.
:23:56. > :23:59.That's what quota was set up for. Because of the way the system works,
:23:59. > :24:02.bigger boats in producer organisations can sell quota they
:24:02. > :24:05.don't use to other fishermen. But this means some is sold abroad, to
:24:05. > :24:11.other countries and locally it can be expensive for smaller fishermen
:24:11. > :24:19.to buy. The larger vessels, the producer organisation have surplus
:24:19. > :24:22.fish, fish they can't catch. The hard-up vessels, the smallest
:24:22. > :24:25.vessels in the fleet, we've got fish we've quota and what we're
:24:25. > :24:29.prepared to do is rent it from us for the year, so in other words,
:24:29. > :24:37.they expect us to give them money for paper fish which we can then go
:24:37. > :24:42.out and catch. But those quotas are handed out by the government for
:24:42. > :24:45.free. So some people think it isn't fair to charge to rent out quota.
:24:45. > :24:50.Richard Benyon is the fisheries minister it's his job to sort out
:24:50. > :24:53.the quota system. One of the things we're trying to do is to find out
:24:53. > :24:56.who quota in this country seems amazing that we are having to do
:24:56. > :24:59.this but we are and it's a determination by this government
:24:59. > :25:03.that we know who owns the quota and therefore when it's traded we will
:25:03. > :25:06.be told and we can manage it a lot better and fairer and more people
:25:06. > :25:16.who aren't benefiting can and they can run their businesses more
:25:16. > :25:16.
:25:16. > :25:19.The under tens say a more local approach to managing fish stocks is
:25:19. > :25:25.needed because conditions and fish vary from one stretch of water to
:25:25. > :25:31.another. Bluey Wallpole has quotas for fish that aren't even found in
:25:31. > :25:34.his area. Yes, lemon soles, we've got five tonnes of them, well we
:25:34. > :25:38.don't catch them either, ling, we don't catch them or we've only got
:25:38. > :25:40.a hundred kilos of them and we probably wouldn't catch that in a
:25:40. > :25:43.lifetime, what else have we got, oh we've got scampi, prawns, we've got
:25:43. > :25:53.twenty tonnes of them, well we don't catch them either, some rays,
:25:53. > :25:55.
:25:55. > :25:57.we've got plenty of them, but we've The government says it is trying to
:25:57. > :26:03.reallocate the quota between smaller boats and the larger
:26:03. > :26:07.producer organisations. We are dealing with a system that's broken
:26:07. > :26:09.and this has to sit in a context of what we are trying to achieve
:26:10. > :26:13.nationally, about trying to reform the common fisheries policy and get
:26:13. > :26:16.management back to local level. The opportunity is there, if we can
:26:16. > :26:18.just get through the muddle of a failed system in Brussels and a
:26:19. > :26:27.rather opaque system of quota management that we have inherited
:26:27. > :26:34.Government plans to redistribute unused quota to the under tens are
:26:34. > :26:38.being contested by the UK fish producers association which says
:26:38. > :26:44.the current rules have been developed over time and are fair.
:26:44. > :26:47.It wants ministers to stick to the status quo. A high court battle
:26:47. > :26:50.could take place sometime next year. We asked the United Kingdom fish
:26:50. > :26:55.producers association for an interview, but they declined.
:26:55. > :26:59.Although Bluey Wallpole can't change the quota system. Like many
:26:59. > :27:02.he's had to adapt to it. He's introduced his own supply of
:27:02. > :27:08.oysters in Oare, they aren't subject to quotas and he says
:27:08. > :27:11.diversifying has saved his business. Well it's important because its
:27:11. > :27:14.ours and we have control over what we are doing and you know we are
:27:14. > :27:24.building a market in and around London, people are now interested
:27:24. > :27:27.
:27:27. > :27:31.It's clear that rules need to be in place to prevent over fishing but
:27:31. > :27:34.the dispute is what these rules should be. And with livelihoods at
:27:34. > :27:44.risk any decision is bound to have a lasting impact on the shape our
:27:44. > :27:55.
:27:55. > :28:05.If you want any more information about tonight's show, you can visit
:28:05. > :28:11.our Kent or Sussex website. You can also watch the show again. Coming
:28:11. > :28:20.up next week: The woman who helped create a law against stalking.
:28:20. > :28:24.looked at him. His face, I knew he was going to kill me. How the
:28:24. > :28:29.vineyards of Kent dealt with the wettest try-out we have ever known.
:28:29. > :28:32.It is the first time it has been this late and it will leave us
:28:32. > :28:41.picking a crop close to the mark in terms of being able to produce
:28:41. > :28:44.quality. And a Brighton campaign to ban that reptiles been kept as pets.