:00:09. > :00:18.You say that keeping the gu`rds is all about safety, so so other
:00:19. > :00:20.public risking their safety travelling on the trip,
:00:21. > :00:31.They don't have guards and we have never accepted that guards should be
:00:32. > :00:53.We are in a barn that is 600 years old.
:00:54. > :00:59.And the woman coming to the aid of refugee children in Calahs.
:01:00. > :01:04.I am Natalie Graham, with untold stories closer to home.
:01:05. > :01:15.From all around the South E`st, this is Inside Out.
:01:16. > :01:23.This week, the programme coles from Ditchling Beacon
:01:24. > :01:31.Southern Rail passengers have had to endure weeks of misery
:01:32. > :01:34.because of strike action ovdr the role of guards and dreals.
:01:35. > :01:36.The RMT union claims they play an important role
:01:37. > :01:47.But what is so bad about driver-only operation?
:01:48. > :01:55.Another week of strikes and Southern discomfort.
:01:56. > :01:58.It is the tale of the sad lhttle green train, loved by no-ond.
:01:59. > :02:03.Managers say that it was inefficient.
:02:04. > :02:06.Unions warned it would injure people if the driver closed the doors.
:02:07. > :02:09.The striking guards said that was their job.
:02:10. > :02:20.In all the land, no-one had worse punctuality
:02:21. > :02:26.No-one is more tired of this story than Southern commuters.
:02:27. > :02:31.So why such chaos over who pushes the button?
:02:32. > :02:36.How did a railway grind to ` halt over who shuts the doors?
:02:37. > :02:39.In Europe, I will meet thosd already running unmanned automatic trains.
:02:40. > :02:43.Here on Southern, that is for another generation,
:02:44. > :02:49.because the UK row over guards has been running for half a century
:02:50. > :02:53.The first of London's automatically driven trains...
:02:54. > :02:55.1969, and London Underground opened the Victoria line.
:02:56. > :03:00.One man will be in charge of each train.
:03:01. > :03:07.Today, the entire London tube network runs without guards.
:03:08. > :03:13.In tighter space, underground and carrying more passengers every
:03:14. > :03:20.34 years ago, British Rail fought for the same.
:03:21. > :03:25.These brand-new electric tr`ins sitting idly at Bedford sum up
:03:26. > :03:29.The trains cannot be put into service because of the conthnuing
:03:30. > :03:33.In 1982, British Rail finally won this dispute on what
:03:34. > :03:43.Two trains from London. This is a Thameslink.
:03:44. > :03:45.It has been running with driver only since 1982.
:03:46. > :03:47.This is Southern. They run with a guard.
:03:48. > :03:55.You say that keeping the gu`rds is all about safety.
:03:56. > :03:58.Are the public risking their safety travelling on the tube,
:03:59. > :04:03.They don't have guards and we have never accepted that guards should be
:04:04. > :04:08.Trap and drag incidents, where people are caught,
:04:09. > :04:13.are becoming more and more prevalent.
:04:14. > :04:15.What the train companies and Government wants to do
:04:16. > :04:19.We don't accept that there needs to be a risk.
:04:20. > :04:21.The trains can run perfectlx happily and safely with a guard.
:04:22. > :04:25.It is a question of whether you want to strip out the cost of thd guard.
:04:26. > :04:30.But Transport for London cl`im that door incidents reduced
:04:31. > :04:33.when they turned their packdd overground trains to driver only.
:04:34. > :04:35.The industry's railway safety standards board was set up
:04:36. > :04:40.From the research we have done in the last 15 years,
:04:41. > :04:42.we have a lot of evidence that we have been able
:04:43. > :04:46.to assess and identify where accidents have occurrdd.
:04:47. > :04:49.And from the work we have done, we are very clear that oper`ting
:04:50. > :04:52.with driver only is no more risky than having a guard in placd.
:04:53. > :05:03.He says safer because video in the driver cab now gives a good
:05:04. > :05:05.view of every door and rules out driver-guard miscommunication.
:05:06. > :05:13.Might I say how much we support the guards...
:05:14. > :05:16.But if guards ever accept Southern's no redundancies offer and bdcome
:05:17. > :05:19.customer supervisors, with outdoor responsibilitids,
:05:20. > :05:26.any of their future strikes would no longer stop trains.
:05:27. > :05:28.Most of the arrangements where drivers operate trains
:05:29. > :05:30.on their own at the moment are actually agreements that
:05:31. > :05:35.were reached by British Rail before privatisation occurred.
:05:36. > :05:37.Weren't we told privatisation would speed us to a modern,
:05:38. > :05:45.Not, it seems, if strikes rhsk ticket revenue and profit.
:05:46. > :05:48.There was no incentive to lose the guard.
:05:49. > :05:51.But then the Government gavd Southern a unique fixed fee
:05:52. > :05:55.contract, with no loss of revenue for strikes.
:05:56. > :05:57.Your contract means that when there is a strike,
:05:58. > :06:01.The lost ticket revenue is picked up by the taxpayer, the Governlent
:06:02. > :06:06.We have a very unique franchise in the way that this is operated.
:06:07. > :06:13.All revenue from fares does go to the Government.
:06:14. > :06:18.But there is still a cost to us reputationally when we have strikes.
:06:19. > :06:22.Southern claimed the deal was to cover uncertainty ovdr
:06:23. > :06:24.Overcrowded, delayed and cancelled trains.
:06:25. > :06:29.I think we have all experienced that.
:06:30. > :06:33.And these angry commuters believe that the Government
:06:34. > :06:37.We are not able to even start to demystify the cosy
:06:38. > :06:39.relationship between Govia and the Department of transport
:06:40. > :06:42.They are secretly backing them because that is their agend`.
:06:43. > :06:45.When they deliver new rolling stock, or procure new rolling stock,
:06:46. > :06:51.They destaff the trains and the stations.
:06:52. > :07:00.I think what Southern are trying to do is to move
:07:01. > :07:06.I think they have addressed this in a cack-handed way.
:07:07. > :07:08.The problem is, I have met so many commuters are actually
:07:09. > :07:12.That is a terrible position to be in, isn't it?
:07:13. > :07:13.I totally sympathise with our customers.
:07:14. > :07:16.This is why we need to make these changes very quickly now
:07:17. > :07:22.so that we can bring everything to an end.
:07:23. > :07:26.If Southern win, future Govdrnment franchises could insist linds
:07:27. > :07:31.like South West Trains also eliminate their guards.
:07:32. > :07:38.In London this summer, something much more radical
:07:39. > :08:05.TfL ran a test on a driverldss train in the tube in the depot.
:08:06. > :08:07.It is an early precursor that the employers
:08:08. > :08:12.and Government has got to bd dehumanising the railway.
:08:13. > :08:14.But we are trying to be vigilant about it.
:08:15. > :08:20.That is 8000 more than a second officer piloting an easyJet flight.
:08:21. > :08:23.As TfL prepare to spend ?16 billion on trains capable of full
:08:24. > :08:28.automation, the RMT says their drivers are going nowhere
:08:29. > :08:33.Automation is OK, but there has to be a human overseer,
:08:34. > :08:35.as there is on DLR, which is always quoted.
:08:36. > :08:37.There is always a train captain on-board DLR services.
:08:38. > :08:39.We would expect that from any automatic train operated services
:08:40. > :08:46.In Paris, they are hardly ilmune to the odd industrial dispute.
:08:47. > :08:49.But on their busiest commutdr line, they have done something th`t leaves
:08:50. > :08:51.TfL and southern in dark agds of railway technology.
:08:52. > :08:55.It carries more people everx day than the entire
:08:56. > :09:02.The trains have no guards, no drivers, they are totallx
:09:03. > :09:08.It is very safe and very comfortable for them.
:09:09. > :09:12.While Southern battle over who pushes the door button,
:09:13. > :09:37.They can either go to anothdr line or stay on the line and becomes
:09:38. > :09:42.Any big event means more tr`ins at the click of a mouse.
:09:43. > :09:45.It is quite amazing to think that up to 750,000 people a day are speeded
:09:46. > :09:48.to wherever they are going from this one control room.
:09:49. > :09:50.In Paris, they are already automating the next line.
:09:51. > :09:53.Here in Haywards Heath, the chaos of Southern Rail has
:09:54. > :10:00.Fourth day of the week and it has taken me three
:10:01. > :10:08.You're just ready to burst into tears.
:10:09. > :10:11.I would have been at risk of losing my job.
:10:12. > :10:13.Six months on, perhaps the greatest insult is that both sides
:10:14. > :10:15.still claim the fight is for the passenger.
:10:16. > :10:19.We actually don't care whosd fault it is any more.
:10:20. > :10:24.We kind of just want trains to run on time and we want our livds back.
:10:25. > :10:33.The woman devoted to helping the refugee children of Cal`is.
:10:34. > :10:39.It is our duty to respond and provide them with care.
:10:40. > :10:42.The biggest issue is the qu`lity of that care.
:10:43. > :10:55.Now, whether it is a bouquet for the bride or tulips
:10:56. > :10:57.for the table, most of the cut flowers you buy will
:10:58. > :11:01.But are people being persuaded to buy British blooms?
:11:02. > :11:17.50 years ago, the British flower industry was blooming in thd South.
:11:18. > :11:20.With over 100 farms in the `rea these bouquets will have ended up
:11:21. > :11:29.pride of place in vases across Britain.
:11:30. > :11:33.Today, if you buy flowers from your local supermarket,
:11:34. > :11:35.they will almost certainly have sprouted up from further afheld
:11:36. > :11:38.90% of our cut flowers and now shipped in from overseas.
:11:39. > :11:41.But, just recently, the British bloom is fighting back.
:11:42. > :11:58.We harvest thousands of stels a day and grow over 40
:11:59. > :12:02.Ben Cross, from West Sussex, is a fourth-generation flowdr farmer
:12:03. > :12:09.People think, alstroemeria, is that all you do?
:12:10. > :12:12.But the pale pinks are diffdrent to the reds and the
:12:13. > :12:16.Different habits throughout the year.
:12:17. > :12:17.Today, Ben's business is flourishing.
:12:18. > :12:23.But things have not always been so rosy.
:12:24. > :12:26.Whilst growing up, his file family saw all the nearby
:12:27. > :12:29.The main thing is cheap imports They could not compete.
:12:30. > :12:33.I used to get blisters as a kid making boxes.
:12:34. > :12:36.We sent hundreds a week to Covent Gardens, and you worked
:12:37. > :12:39.With London orders reducing, Ben looked business nearby.
:12:40. > :12:45.I am getting more florists to buy direct from growers.
:12:46. > :12:49.We now do over 100 boxes a week direct to florists and wholdsalers
:12:50. > :12:55.and wholesalers that care where their flowers come from.
:12:56. > :12:59.Ben is not the only flower grower benefiting
:13:00. > :13:05.At a smallholding near the rural town of Steyning in Sussex,
:13:06. > :13:08.flower grower Shelley has a busy day ahead.
:13:09. > :13:14.Hello. Hi.
:13:15. > :13:16.Pleased to meet you. Nice to meet you.
:13:17. > :13:18.It is beautiful here, Shelldy! Thank you.
:13:19. > :13:23.Three years ago, she gave up her job in teaching to start
:13:24. > :13:38.Something I always wanted to do was to be able
:13:39. > :13:41.And the secret to her success?
:13:42. > :13:43.1200 stems. For this wedding.
:13:44. > :13:53.And we cut 700 stems for another wedding that the bride
:13:54. > :14:00.These are a type of daisy, just more robust.
:14:01. > :14:09.It is one thing I don't havd to worry about with them.
:14:10. > :14:11.A lot of it is to do with pdople embracing
:14:12. > :14:14.the seasonality of flowers, just as they did with fresh produce.
:14:15. > :14:16.Understanding that to have ` gerbera in January is not realistic,
:14:17. > :14:19.unless you want it flown in from across the world.
:14:20. > :14:22.It is much nicer to have what is actually on the roadside
:14:23. > :14:27.and someone's garden at the time that they are supposed to bd here.
:14:28. > :14:42.Shelley and her local florist also believe business is booming thanks
:14:43. > :14:44.to the price rise in importdd flowers inspect country
:14:45. > :14:47.We have seen the uncertaintx starting to worry everyone,
:14:48. > :14:53.especially in the market, whth the trade agreements and thhngs
:14:54. > :14:58.But prices are starting to rise already.
:14:59. > :15:07.Whereas the English, their prices are staying thd same.
:15:08. > :15:09.If we are quoting a wedding, we know what we can charge
:15:10. > :15:12.because we know that the prhces apart from a little bit
:15:13. > :15:14.of inflation, will stay pretty much the same.
:15:15. > :15:16.Whereas from Holland, we just don't know.
:15:17. > :15:19.With these, we want them quhte nice and long and we will cut
:15:20. > :15:23.It will throw two more shoots up on the side,
:15:24. > :15:28.If we order from Dutch markdts, everything needs to be ordered by 12
:15:29. > :15:38.Obviously, if I get a last linute order on Friday and I need ht
:15:39. > :15:40.by Saturday morning, I know that I can recommend
:15:41. > :15:48.something locally grown and pick it up on my way to work the next day.
:15:49. > :15:54.We have about 24. About 30,000 roses in all.
:15:55. > :15:56.And are you vying for the prize of most fragrant workplace?
:15:57. > :16:00.Certainly the most beautiful place to work.
:16:01. > :16:03.It is just glorious, especially on a day like today.
:16:04. > :16:05.This Hampshire farmer believes that to survive,
:16:06. > :16:08.growers have to tap into not just our sense of sight
:16:09. > :16:26.Something that wasn't always top priority.
:16:27. > :16:30.It was decided at one point that the important thing about roses
:16:31. > :16:35.was longevity and colour and shape and that side of things.
:16:36. > :16:38.And they took the path down that route rather than scent.
:16:39. > :16:42.When I started, I wanted to bring scent back into the roses.
:16:43. > :16:48.We sell a lot at London farlers markets and everyone says
:16:49. > :16:53.when they smell them, God, that reminds me
:16:54. > :16:57.Roseby was brought up travelling the country
:16:58. > :17:09.My mother, she's still around and an incredible gardener.
:17:10. > :17:11.She was my inspiration and she had a scented rose
:17:12. > :17:17.She had a garden anywhere she went, even if she was there
:17:18. > :17:22.I think people are starting to support British
:17:23. > :17:27.There was a time when they went wow, we can have the most alazing
:17:28. > :17:29.flowers in from South America or New Zealand or Kenya or whatever.
:17:30. > :17:32.Now they realise, actually, what you grow at home is re`lly
:17:33. > :17:46.I cannot say anything apart from gorgeous.
:17:47. > :17:58.Back at Shelley's flower farm, the groom and mother of the bride
:17:59. > :18:08.I think it is better than we imagined them
:18:09. > :18:12.Yeah. They are gorgeous.
:18:13. > :18:27.We are in a barn that is 600 years old that is part
:18:28. > :18:32.It is what we want. It is what we should be tryhng for.
:18:33. > :18:46.Now, many of the migrants who have arrived in Calais are children.
:18:47. > :18:57.But one former firefighter has decided to help them.
:18:58. > :18:59.Her methods are unconventional, but for some of the children,
:19:00. > :19:19.If he has just arrived, he has to go, even to the police
:19:20. > :19:22.Liz Clegg has learned to embrace chaos.
:19:23. > :19:25.Are you city centre? Liz come city centre.
:19:26. > :19:29.From the front of a Ford Transit van.
:19:30. > :19:33.A young Afghan refugee is confused and scared.
:19:34. > :19:37.Again, language barriers. I don't know what they're doing
:19:38. > :19:47.One of the things I suggest is that they go into a mosqte.
:19:48. > :19:49.This is where they come frol, the Calais Jungle.
:19:50. > :19:51.Many are unaccompanied children who arrive in the UK
:19:52. > :20:02.Random bloke on the street grabbed me last night and s`id,
:20:03. > :20:16.He wants me to take him to the police station.
:20:17. > :20:19.He gave me his number and I kind of went, well, yeah,
:20:20. > :20:24.She spent eight years as a firefighter with Devon
:20:25. > :20:27.and Somerset Fire and Rescud Service and more than 30 years on the road.
:20:28. > :20:30.But a passion for humanitarhan causes means she is now putting out
:20:31. > :20:37.After last year's Glastonbury Festival, she gathered up
:20:38. > :20:44.tents and took them to the Calais Jungle.
:20:45. > :20:49.What should have been a quick aid run turned into something else.
:20:50. > :20:51.I thought I'd do my cheeky little bit.
:20:52. > :20:54.Getting a few sleeping bags, couple of first aid boxes.
:20:55. > :20:58.And there was nobody here distributing.
:20:59. > :21:00.With no official backing or any formal qualifications,
:21:01. > :21:02.Liz became one of a handful of people looking after hundreds of
:21:03. > :21:12.It is not known how many have risked their lives in the constant
:21:13. > :21:23.If I went in the UK and rang up social services, and said,
:21:24. > :21:27.I am concerned this child is going to die tonight.
:21:28. > :21:31.And told them about what thdy were doing, they would act immedhately.
:21:32. > :21:43.It is May, and for Liz, a breakthrough.
:21:44. > :21:46.Under pressure, the Governmdnt has agreed to allow more child refugees
:21:47. > :21:51.But Liz is frustrated with the slow pace of official progress.
:21:52. > :21:54.They say they have to assess children, they have to do this
:21:55. > :22:02.Lord Alf Dubs is a Labour pder who pushed the new law throtgh.
:22:03. > :22:04.Right here, we have had a couple of children killed
:22:05. > :22:15.Liz's unconventional methods have his full backing.
:22:16. > :22:19.It is a terrible condemnation of Europe, that there should be
:22:20. > :22:30.something like the Jungle in Calais and young people sleeping
:22:31. > :22:34.there unguarded, unprotected, except by people like Liz.
:22:35. > :22:37.Lord Dubs secured a policy T-turn, but Liz wants to see action.
:22:38. > :22:39.I have reached a point of abject cynicism.
:22:40. > :22:41.I am going to get more excited about...
:22:42. > :22:45.More excited about a nice p`ir of shoes for one of the boys
:22:46. > :23:13.Liz has decided to take a fdw days out of the jungle with her daughter,
:23:14. > :23:24.It is from seven-year-old Ahmed who Liz met in Calais.
:23:25. > :23:27.He is texting them to say that he has made it to the TK
:23:28. > :23:31.Was his brother already in the UK?
:23:32. > :23:32.No. No.
:23:33. > :23:40.He appears to have arrived safely.
:23:41. > :23:42.I need help. Driver not stop car.
:23:43. > :23:48.I don't understand. Call them.
:23:49. > :23:53.I need help. Driver no stop car.
:23:54. > :24:25.So I text back to say, where are you?
:24:26. > :24:29.He said, bad spelling, but I will read what it says.
:24:30. > :24:30.I need help. Driver no stop car.
:24:31. > :24:40.Ahmed's text, sent from a mobile that Liz gave him in Calais,
:24:41. > :24:42.allows police to trace the lorry to a service station
:24:43. > :24:52.A few weeks later and Ahmed is getting used to life in the UK.
:24:53. > :24:59.He is living with his brothdr, who came over in the same lorry
:25:00. > :25:06.And Liz is doing what she can to help.
:25:07. > :25:10.Liz is renting a house in Birmingham.
:25:11. > :25:18.He makes a very good cup of tea, to be fair.
:25:19. > :25:20.A city where some of the chhld migrants end up.
:25:21. > :25:23.They can't live with her because she's not an approved foster carer.
:25:24. > :25:30.This is a recording of a phone call between Liz and her
:25:31. > :25:40.He has just arrived in the TK and is worried about who will look after
:25:41. > :25:50.him. This is the story of my lifd. There
:25:51. > :26:00.is nothing I can do about that. You have to stop there.
:26:01. > :26:06.Liz is now training as a foster carer so that she can offichally
:26:07. > :26:10.look after the migrant children There are shortages of fostdr
:26:11. > :26:15.families. That is tricky to find the placement and people with the skills
:26:16. > :26:22.to look after some of these children. Especially those that
:26:23. > :26:35.might be suffering from varhous levels of trauma and stress related
:26:36. > :26:40.behaviour. It has to work. These children exist and we have to
:26:41. > :26:52.respond to their needs. So there is no question that there is -, that as
:26:53. > :26:58.these children come to the country, it is our duty to respond and
:26:59. > :27:09.provide them with care. The biggest issue is the quality of that care.
:27:10. > :27:13.That is what we need to work on If you would like to know more about
:27:14. > :27:16.the programme, you can go to our live pages on the BBC News website.
:27:17. > :27:23.You can watch the show again on iPlayer.
:27:24. > :27:29.Coming up next week... Can the NHS survive diabetes?
:27:30. > :27:37.Don't make the mistake I did. It is Don't make the mistake I did. It is
:27:38. > :27:40.a matter disease. There is ` crisis in diabetes and friends to bankrupt
:27:41. > :27:45.the NHS if we continue with these trends.
:27:46. > :27:48.And the fight against the dhsease here in the South East. I don't want
:27:49. > :27:56.to lose limbs are my site. That is very scary. -- or my eyesight. That
:27:57. > :28:00.is all from us tonight. We're back on Monday next week, as usu`l. We
:28:01. > :28:02.will see you then. Thank yot for watching.