:00:06. > :00:15.Hello, and welcome back to a brand new series of Inside Out South West.
:00:16. > :00:16.
:00:16. > :00:19.Stories and investigations from where you live. Tonight, the
:00:19. > :00:22.postcode lottery putting pressure on South West charities to provide
:00:22. > :00:25.the care councils cannot afford. have got seven people on my waiting
:00:25. > :00:28.list at the moment who need a befriender. There is always going
:00:29. > :00:33.to be a need for more volunteers. Who pays to look after the elderly?
:00:33. > :00:40.The self-help schemes that might provide an answer. She asked me,
:00:40. > :00:46.how would you feel about a man? A man, why not? Also tonight, a
:00:46. > :00:56.Cornish artist turns tin miner. is heavier than a paintbrush, I
:00:56. > :01:10.
:01:10. > :01:13.tell you that. I am Sam Smith, and First tonight, there has been a big
:01:13. > :01:20.push in recent years to help older people in places like Devon and
:01:20. > :01:23.Cornwall stay in their own homes for as long as possible. But the
:01:23. > :01:28.funding to help pay for that is increasingly under threat, and it
:01:28. > :01:36.depends on where you live. It is a postcode lottery, that even the
:01:36. > :01:42.government says is unfair. Ready meals, now that's down there.
:01:42. > :01:47.Two for �4.50. Raspberries and apples. Vera Jones from Saltash in
:01:47. > :01:57.Cornwall has severe arthritis. She can't get to or around the
:01:57. > :02:05.supermarket on her own, so charity worker Gail Lee is just the tonic.
:02:05. > :02:11.Can we just go buy the beer? Okay, swing round. The beer is up here
:02:11. > :02:17.over their left. It's wonderful to know that I can come to a big store
:02:18. > :02:27.and have help, otherwise I don't know what I'd do. I certainly could
:02:27. > :02:35.not walk down shopping on my own. That sounds good, doesn't it? Give
:02:35. > :02:40.me an Old Tom! Vera doesn't know how to shop online. And anyway,
:02:40. > :02:46.getting out lifts her spirits. I don't have a computer, I'm not
:02:46. > :02:49.computer literate. It's a day out. The council does not pick up the
:02:49. > :02:58.tab for this service, instead, Gail's charity does, relying on
:02:58. > :03:01.volunteers who are in short supply. Hurray, it's not raining! I've got
:03:01. > :03:04.some people on my waiting list who need a befriender, and I might have
:03:04. > :03:14.three volunteers, that they might not match, so there's always
:03:14. > :03:14.
:03:15. > :03:18.getting to be a need for more volunteers. More people in the
:03:18. > :03:21.South West with needs like Vera are having to rely on charity. That's
:03:21. > :03:26.because increasingly councils say they can't afford to pay for home
:03:26. > :03:31.care and services like this. Experts say it's in part because of
:03:31. > :03:34.the way central government funds local authorities. Some get much
:03:34. > :03:40.more grants from central government, it's a very complex formula that is
:03:40. > :03:45.used to work that out. It doesn't serve well particular types of need,
:03:45. > :03:48.for example, rural areas. And councils raise different amounts of
:03:48. > :03:54.money from the level of their council tax, and the number of
:03:54. > :04:01.people they have paying it. It does vary from place to place, so there
:04:01. > :04:04.is no nationally consistent funding for home care services. So in 2006
:04:04. > :04:10.if you were elderly with low needs you could qualify for free care
:04:10. > :04:13.you could qualify for free care services in Cornwall. In Dorset,
:04:13. > :04:18.Somerset and Plymouth your needs had to be moderate. Only in Devon
:04:18. > :04:23.and Torbay did they have to be substantial. But now, everywhere,
:04:23. > :04:25.except the Isles of Scilly: its substantial. Making the South West
:04:25. > :04:30.substantial. Making the South West one of the hardest places in
:04:30. > :04:33.England to access free care unless you are amongst the most needy. We
:04:33. > :04:36.are really talking about people with very intensive needs, who need
:04:36. > :04:40.a lot of help, with what we call personal care, that things like
:04:40. > :04:50.help to go to the toilet, help with meeting, help with getting dressed,
:04:50. > :04:50.
:04:50. > :04:56.getting in and out of bed and so on. I'm just going to take a double
:04:56. > :05:01.sidestep to your left side. At this day centre they're trying to keep
:05:01. > :05:06.one step ahead of the problem. The basic facilities here are free to
:05:06. > :05:09.all comers thanks to local authority funding. But we're not in
:05:09. > :05:16.the South West. This is Islington - a London borough which still
:05:16. > :05:23.provides this kind of help to those in the lower need bandings. Despite
:05:23. > :05:27.budget cuts, the council says it's a cost effective approach. Clearly
:05:27. > :05:30.finance is a big issue for us, but our view is if we don't help people
:05:30. > :05:33.with moderate needs, they are very rapidly going to become a lot more
:05:33. > :05:36.ill and need more intervention, so by helping people at this stage,
:05:36. > :05:46.not only are we doing what we think is morally right, but actually
:05:46. > :05:52.
:05:52. > :05:59.doing what makes financial sense. There's just one thing here today
:05:59. > :06:09.that isn't free. Lunch - still a snip though at �2.50. I come every
:06:09. > :06:10.
:06:10. > :06:14.day, Monday, cheese day, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday. -- Tuesday. It
:06:14. > :06:18.makes the difference to me, I don't want to be at home, and it's
:06:18. > :06:22.company. London's not the only place left that offers free care
:06:22. > :06:27.for lower needs. If there was room, we could all move to the Isles of
:06:27. > :06:32.Scilly in old age. Its council is the only one in the South West
:06:32. > :06:36.still paying for that level of service. Post Office first, Harriet.
:06:36. > :06:41.Harriet Pender's carer, Julie Elvin is funded by Scilly's Council. Like
:06:41. > :06:43.Islington, the authority says the policy makes economic sense.
:06:43. > :06:46.believe that investing in low-level needs, putting in small measures
:06:46. > :06:49.that help maintain independence, actually saves money in the system,
:06:49. > :06:54.because you are not putting them in hospital or residential care and
:06:54. > :07:00.keep them independent in their own home. It saves money, and produces
:07:00. > :07:05.better outcomes for older people. But the remoteness of Scilly is
:07:05. > :07:09.also a factor. As you can imagine, we are a remote community, so
:07:09. > :07:12.sending somebody off to hospital from here costs a lot of money in
:07:12. > :07:15.terms of and hospital stays, so everything we can do to keep
:07:15. > :07:21.somebody independent and active on the island is the best thing we can
:07:21. > :07:24.do, both financially and for the people concerned. Back on the
:07:24. > :07:30.mainland, Cornwall council spends less per person on looking after
:07:30. > :07:33.the over 65s than any authority in England bar two. Cornwall Council
:07:33. > :07:38.says that's because costs, like wages for care workers are lower
:07:38. > :07:41.here than elsewhere. Although it doesn't fund personal care for
:07:41. > :07:49.people like Vera, the council says it does pay for home adaptations,
:07:49. > :07:52.like stairlifts. The Minister responsible for elder care told us
:07:52. > :07:57.the government is planning to sort out the postcode lottery in
:07:57. > :08:00.provision. I don't think it is acceptable that the level of care
:08:00. > :08:07.you need that entitles you to support from your local authority
:08:08. > :08:14.depends on where you live. This is why the garment has recognised that,
:08:14. > :08:18.and has introduced a common standard across the country. --
:08:18. > :08:21.government. Any new legislation won't be on the statute book until
:08:21. > :08:27.at least 2015.Until then experts see little cause for optimism about
:08:27. > :08:30.future funding of care for the elderly. I think the immediate
:08:30. > :08:35.prospects are not good, frankly. The squeeze on local governance
:08:35. > :08:38.spending will continue, there are no signs of those pressures abating.
:08:38. > :08:41.I think there are opportunities to do creative things locally that
:08:41. > :08:44.make it easier for people in the third sector, making greater use of
:08:44. > :08:54.volunteers, but these are sticking plasters, and what we need is
:08:54. > :08:56.fundamental root and branch reform of the whole system. Back in
:08:56. > :09:06.Saltash, Gail Lee is visiting amputee Peter Tilston, who's hoping
:09:06. > :09:09.
:09:09. > :09:12.her befriending charity can help him. Gail hopes Cornwall council
:09:12. > :09:22.will one day help her - with funding to expand what she believes
:09:22. > :09:23.
:09:23. > :09:26.is a much-needed service. We at the moment don't get any funding from
:09:26. > :09:36.social services, but it would be something that we would treasure
:09:36. > :09:39.
:09:39. > :09:42.because it would allow us to offer people more things. The way to a
:09:42. > :09:52.fairer system, even with government pledges, is unlikely to be a smooth
:09:52. > :09:52.
:09:52. > :10:02.one. It seems more and more of us may have to pay for help in our old
:10:02. > :10:08.
:10:08. > :10:12.age, or like Vera, depend on the So the cutting of council services
:10:12. > :10:16.like home care raises some tough questions. Can we find new and
:10:16. > :10:20.imaginative ways of looking after older people? Can we do this
:10:20. > :10:30.without state assistance? The BBC's home editor Mark Easton went on a
:10:30. > :10:34.
:10:34. > :10:38.I wonder what it's like to be eighty. If I live that long, who's
:10:38. > :10:42.going to be there to care for me when I can't manage? And who is
:10:42. > :10:46.going to pay the bill? They're questions we all ask, because none
:10:46. > :10:49.of us can know how much it's all going to cost and you can spend
:10:49. > :10:52.almost everything before the state steps in. But I'm here in York
:10:52. > :11:00.because in this city some of the elderly have clubbed together to
:11:00. > :11:03.share the risk. It's a simple idea. Before you get too decrepit you can
:11:03. > :11:06.apply to live out your days at Hartrigg Oaks - a community run by
:11:06. > :11:09.the Joseph Rowntree Foundation, where residents know that if or
:11:09. > :11:18.when they need nursing care, it's available on site at no extra
:11:18. > :11:21.charge. It's not easy to get in, though. You have to pass a medical.
:11:21. > :11:31.And one of the leasehold bungalows needs to be vacant. It pays to
:11:31. > :11:33.
:11:33. > :11:37.. You made the decision to come here, at 61. It was easy for us, we
:11:37. > :11:43.came here, because of my parent, they died. Suddenly we were the
:11:43. > :11:48.oldest people in our family. We came here, and suddenly, we were
:11:49. > :11:53.the youngest. So there were people 40 years older than me. Hartrigg
:11:53. > :11:58.Oaks offers peace of mind to those who can afford it. Residents pay
:11:58. > :12:02.into a communal pot bg something like �170 month for a 60-year-old,
:12:02. > :12:06.more if you join later. In return they can be confident whatever
:12:06. > :12:10.happens to them they won't get clobbered with care fees they can't
:12:10. > :12:14.afford. You You are paying the same sum year or yeen. With small
:12:14. > :12:19.increases which covers your care, however much you need. So when you
:12:19. > :12:24.are fit you pay over the odds. When you need major kai you don't pay
:12:24. > :12:28.more. All those worries people have about what happens. You have
:12:28. > :12:35.answered them. We know where our care will take place,, probably
:12:35. > :12:41.where we will die. To me, that is great. We can get on with living.
:12:41. > :12:45.Of course as the residents get older, they are more likely to use
:12:45. > :12:49.the care facilities. Theodore has lived here since it opened 14 years
:12:49. > :12:53.ago. This year his wife spent over six weeks in the care home, and
:12:53. > :12:59.while she was being looked after he dipped into the communal pot for
:12:59. > :13:03.the first time. I was offered and found to my surprise it was very
:13:03. > :13:07.welcome care, in my bungalow, our bungalow. So you have been paying
:13:07. > :13:13.in all this time. Thafpblts is right. Paying over the odds while
:13:13. > :13:20.you were well, but now you are getting a bit back. So it seeps
:13:20. > :13:24.wasting one's money, but it wasn't. Seems to me Hartrigg Oaks is a
:13:24. > :13:29.local solution to what many would argue should be a national state
:13:29. > :13:33.responsibility, paying for the care of our elderly. But the plain fact
:13:33. > :13:38.is the time of cuts to public service, the politician right now
:13:38. > :13:43.cannot agree on where they will find the money. So the issue keeps
:13:43. > :13:48.getting kicks into the long grass. The truth is, that despite the
:13:48. > :13:53.recession, Britain is still many times richer, in real terms than it
:13:53. > :13:58.was when today's pensioners were born. Question afford to look after
:13:58. > :14:01.them but in Westminster politicians will tell you that priorities lie
:14:01. > :14:05.elsewhere. It is it too ridiculous to imagine that the answer is to
:14:06. > :14:09.put taxes up, so we can pay to look after the elderly ?. It isn'try
:14:09. > :14:14.Dick throus suggest we should use the tax system progressively, to
:14:14. > :14:18.look after and care for people in old age. It is ridiculous
:14:18. > :14:21.politically because nobody will touch wit a barge pole. Why not?
:14:21. > :14:26.People are scared about arguing over tax and spend. They are scared
:14:26. > :14:33.of the consequences, at the moment, of the economic impact of course,
:14:33. > :14:37.in terms of further depression of our economy. So with taxpayers
:14:37. > :14:42.unable or unwilling to pay for the increasing care demand of the
:14:42. > :14:46.elderly, the search is on for ways to provide help without the need
:14:46. > :14:53.for large amounts of public money. I have come to Essex to see one of
:14:53. > :14:58.the country's 100 or so home shares in action. An idea popular on the
:14:58. > :15:02.continent. My husband died in 2000 26789 I have had rheumatoid for 20
:15:02. > :15:06.year, and gradually I found I was getting worse. My daughter did some
:15:06. > :15:13.research, and I came up with Share and Care. She rang up one day and
:15:13. > :15:22.said, how would you feel about a man? And I thought, a man? A man?
:15:22. > :15:31.Why not? That is not the guy with the big rings? Iona was matched
:15:31. > :15:35.with45-year-old Graham, an NHS worker. It will come to me. Lib rar
:15:35. > :15:40.chi. They have lived alongside each other in Iona's home. The idea is
:15:40. > :15:43.he lives rent free for spending round ten hours a week helping out.
:15:43. > :15:49.You see the advert and it says this is not going to be a flat share
:15:49. > :15:53.with a NHS worker, this is going to be living with an older person.
:15:53. > :15:58.Live in carer, taking care of the chicken, doing shopping. Mowing the
:15:58. > :16:01.lawn, a few repairs and bits and Bobs, a bit of company. It has
:16:01. > :16:07.allowed you to stay in your own home. Exactly. I wanted to stay
:16:07. > :16:11.here, I love my house, I intend to carried out in my coffin. You don't
:16:11. > :16:15.have a kind of, you know stpriet board and lodging in return for
:16:15. > :16:21.chores kind of relationship, you become friends. We are friend, he
:16:21. > :16:26.has been absolutely amazing. He has given me my life, my quality of
:16:26. > :16:31.life, it has risen like that. We laugh, he makes me roar with
:16:31. > :16:39.laughter. Sometimes I make you roar with laughter. When you tell dirty
:16:39. > :16:42.jokes! You know it is so nice when you see something that works as
:16:42. > :16:47.well as that does, it is not for everybody, clearly the older person
:16:47. > :16:50.needs have a spare room, and their needs, I think, they can't be too
:16:50. > :16:56.sevee, and thirdly, perhaps most importantly, the characters have to
:16:56. > :17:01.be right, to get that kind of special relationship. So, it is an
:17:01. > :17:06.answer, but it is not the answer. We need an imaginative joined up
:17:06. > :17:09.answer that mobilises and supports families with caring, that gets the
:17:09. > :17:19.community involved, that gets younger, older people as part of
:17:19. > :17:24.the solution. And over on the Isle of Wight, there is a unique social
:17:24. > :17:28.experiment that aims to do just that. It is called Care 4 Care and
:17:28. > :17:35.the idea is simple. For every hour of voluntary care that people put
:17:35. > :17:41.in for their elderly neighbours, they build up an hour's worth of
:17:41. > :17:45.care cred it that they can use for Nair own care later in life. Hello
:17:45. > :17:50.Pearl. One of the youngest of the 150 members who have signed up for
:17:50. > :17:54.the pilot scheme is 36-year-old Lewis, who has been helping out 87-
:17:54. > :17:59.year-old Pearl. I have been coming to see Pearl about six months now.
:17:59. > :18:04.I have not notched up 20 hours, and I would like to think they are
:18:04. > :18:10.banked to go to helping my mother, or helping myself if and when I
:18:10. > :18:15.need it. It can encourage you so much to actually get out there and
:18:16. > :18:20.do something. The thing is my fingers, the top joint doesn't go
:18:20. > :18:28.over, so therefore I can't pick up things properly. I spend a lot of
:18:28. > :18:34.time talking to him. He talks to me, but that is is a big help to me,
:18:34. > :18:40.because people don't come. Care 4 Care is the brainchild of wooful
:18:40. > :18:46.who hopes it will play a part in solving the care crisis. I hope we
:18:46. > :18:51.will build it into a large national scheme, I hope there might be a
:18:51. > :18:56.million members, the problem is, whether the next generation is
:18:56. > :19:02.sufficiently keen to ensure safety in their own age, to invest the
:19:02. > :19:07.hours, which will buy them their care pension. Here in Westminster
:19:07. > :19:11.of course the talk is all about cuts, austerity, not spending
:19:11. > :19:16.billions more caring for our elderly. So the responsibility
:19:16. > :19:21.falls on wider society, on community, neighbourhoods, on
:19:21. > :19:29.families, to fill that gap and help all of us feel more confident about
:19:29. > :19:39.the prospect of growing old. And you can find out more by going to
:19:39. > :19:49.
:19:49. > :19:53.Kufrt Jackson is one of gaul's most successful landscape artist, his
:19:53. > :19:57.work takes him across Britain and abroad and his pictures can be seen
:19:57. > :20:07.round the world. But for his latest project, he is bringing it all back
:20:07. > :20:08.
:20:08. > :20:14.home. Early morning, near St Just in the far west of Cornwall. I am
:20:14. > :20:21.off with three enthusiasts on a quest. With the latest, in a long
:20:21. > :20:26.line of prospect to, who have been doing the same thing for centuries.
:20:26. > :20:29.We are looking for tin. The authorities have given special
:20:29. > :20:37.permission for this venture. The lode we are working continues out
:20:37. > :20:43.from cliffs that have been mined since the middle ages. We found
:20:43. > :20:48.some old equipment, dated to the mid 1500s. The most recent
:20:48. > :20:53.productive activity is probably the end of the 19th century. This lode
:20:53. > :20:59.may have been hidden from the old miners under the boulders, which is
:20:59. > :21:03.why it is still here for us today. With Geoff's help I hope we can
:21:03. > :21:07.mine enough ore to make a special object out of St Just tinly form
:21:07. > :21:14.part of my latest project, which is all about the place which has been
:21:14. > :21:18.my home for the last 20 years. is about St Just, the place I work,
:21:19. > :21:24.I live. My family live, where my kids have been born and grown up.
:21:24. > :21:33.So, I just felt I wanted to concentrate this time actually on
:21:33. > :21:36.St Just and the area round it, that the parish. Tourists only
:21:36. > :21:43.discovered this place fairly recently. I doubt they would have
:21:43. > :21:53.come here in the 19th century when it was one of Britain's industrial
:21:53. > :22:00.
:22:00. > :22:05.hotspots. Now say it post What a lightweight I am snvings! It
:22:05. > :22:11.is heavier than a paintbrush, I tell you that. After the best part
:22:11. > :22:16.of a hard day's work, it looks like we have cracked it. So we have a
:22:16. > :22:20.bucket or tin or nearly a bucket of tin. So I am presuming we have been
:22:20. > :22:27.successful. Yes, I think it has gone pretty well. Any guesses what
:22:27. > :22:33.we have in there. I hope we will get a few keel lois -- kilos of ten
:22:33. > :22:39.mittle which is good for the amount of volume we have disturbed.
:22:39. > :22:42.plan is for Geoff to smelt and cast some of that bucket of ore into a
:22:42. > :22:47.sculpture. In deciding what form it should take, I have been inspired
:22:47. > :22:54.by an extraordinary find in a hedge, behind the St Just vicarage, at a
:22:54. > :23:00.time when mining was still going full tilt. This is the location
:23:00. > :23:04.where in 1832, a local man, a hedger, was working, repairing one
:23:04. > :23:11.of the stretches of these field boundaries, and within the rubble
:23:11. > :23:19.and the stone work of the wall, he came across this small metallic
:23:19. > :23:25.object. Very Kerrs you, very unusual, -- curious. I don't think
:23:25. > :23:35.anybody had been found like it in theary area or even in Cornwall.
:23:35. > :23:38.
:23:38. > :23:45.That find ended up in Truro's Royal Cornwall Museum. So there it is.
:23:45. > :23:54.Number 14. What I call the St Just bull and they call bronze figure of
:23:54. > :24:02.a sacred bull. The setting of Gods and goddesss, the St Just object,
:24:02. > :24:06.and well, you know, how, why, what for? That is what I want to know.
:24:07. > :24:11.This lovely bull is made of copper alloy, and as you can see, it is
:24:11. > :24:17.very small, and it has got some little holes in its feet, which was
:24:17. > :24:22.used to stand it up, because it was used as a sort of cult icon. This
:24:22. > :24:28.cult of the bull was taken over by the Greeks, who took over Egypt,
:24:28. > :24:33.and then later the Roman, under different names. OK. So really,
:24:33. > :24:39.probably it started at the beginning of the Egyptian dynasties,
:24:39. > :24:44.probably about 5,000 years ago. come on, where is the connectionst?
:24:44. > :24:52.How did it get here? We don't really know, was it made in Egypt,
:24:53. > :24:59.Greece, Rome, or was it in made here? We don't know that either.
:24:59. > :25:04.want to use the tin we have mined to make my own version of this
:25:04. > :25:07.ancient object. These sketches will help me produce a maquette or a
:25:07. > :25:13.model which I can take along to Geoff's workshop. I have brought
:25:13. > :25:18.this along. I gave it to Geoff the other day. He has kindly produced
:25:18. > :25:28.this mold for me. Hopefully all these little marks of detail will
:25:28. > :25:29.
:25:29. > :25:32.come out on my final tin sculpture. If and when it works. But there are
:25:32. > :25:37.several more hours of hard graft before we get to that stage. Using
:25:37. > :25:43.a method that is hardly changed for centuries, we separate some smaller
:25:43. > :25:47.pieces of tin ore, that will be easier to work with. That is then
:25:47. > :25:54.refined by a process known as panning. It requires a surprisingly
:25:55. > :26:04.delicate touch and is is a lot more difficult than it looks.. Say it
:26:05. > :26:07.
:26:07. > :26:11.funny motion really. -- say it bit The dried fine particles then go
:26:11. > :26:21.into Geoff's furnace, which will produce a temperature of more than
:26:21. > :26:25.
:26:25. > :26:31.1,000 degrees. Do you know when it is ready by looking? It will bubble.
:26:31. > :26:41.When it dies down, it is done, yeah. Half an hour later, Geoff removes
:26:41. > :26:49.
:26:50. > :26:55.the crucible, and if it has worked, You saw the bits that ran away fast
:26:55. > :27:05.down this end, that is the tin. The slag up this end. We will let that
:27:05. > :27:06.
:27:06. > :27:11.cool down. Amazing. Brilliant. But it still has to be remelted for the
:27:11. > :27:16.final stage. The molten tin is poured in the mould and spun for
:27:16. > :27:26.ten minutes. At this point I have no idea if it is is going to work.
:27:26. > :27:32.
:27:32. > :27:37.All we can do is wait and see. moment of truth. T It is fantastic.
:27:37. > :27:47.It is a moment of alchemy, we have gone from stone to a shiny object.
:27:47. > :27:47.
:27:47. > :27:52.It is extraordinary. Geoff assured me that we would get some tin, and
:27:52. > :27:57.we we would be able to cast it from my mould. I wasn't confident, to
:27:58. > :28:03.tell you the truth, but I am delighted now. It has got my
:28:03. > :28:10.version of the St Just bull captured in St Just tin, first tin
:28:10. > :28:13.from St Just parish for a long time. To me this little bull represents a
:28:14. > :28:18.link between contemporary Cornwall and the ancient world. We don't
:28:18. > :28:23.know how the original one got here but I wouldn't mind betting whoever
:28:23. > :28:32.dropped it may be a Roman soerges who was here because like me they