:00:15. > :00:19.It was meant to deliver a fair deal to the poorest workers, so why,
:00:20. > :00:26.ten months on from the introduction of the living wage, isn't everyone
:00:27. > :00:35.The living wage has gone up, everything has gone up.
:00:36. > :00:41.Also tonight, I do the maths with Exeter's young geniuses.
:00:42. > :00:44.Once you are finished putting the numbers in,
:00:45. > :00:47.multiply them together and look at the number.
:00:48. > :00:57.And Nick Baker visits one of the world's rarest
:00:58. > :01:03.Hello, I'm Gemma Woodman and welcome to the Inside Out South West.
:01:04. > :01:07.Millions of low paid workers got a boost to their pay packets last
:01:08. > :01:09.year thanks to an increase in the minimum wage,
:01:10. > :01:11.but as our business correspondence, Niall Gallagher, has been finding
:01:12. > :01:13.out, not everyone is going home better off.
:01:14. > :01:24.How much we've got, how far it goes and what it's being spent on.
:01:25. > :01:26.And just once in a while, I get to report on a payrise.
:01:27. > :01:34.I am today introducing a new national living wage.
:01:35. > :01:37.Right now the minimum wage is ?6.70 and hour.
:01:38. > :01:39.Next spring, the national living wage will take most
:01:40. > :01:44.That increase to the minimum wage came in last April.
:01:45. > :01:51.Ten months on, I want to find out how working life has changed.
:01:52. > :01:55.First, I need something to get me going.
:01:56. > :02:03.No use doing a day's work if you've skipped breakfast.
:02:04. > :02:10.Mo Shoudjee's been running this caf in Paignton for five years.
:02:11. > :02:15.But since April, he says everything's gone,
:02:16. > :02:21.Suppliers gone up, minimum wage gone up.
:02:22. > :02:26.I try to put my prices are up but it doesn't add up.
:02:27. > :02:33.I'm just like a man taking it from the customer,
:02:34. > :02:41.The new national living wage will have only
:02:42. > :02:47.But for Mo, that's not been the case.
:02:48. > :02:51.He's had to let two staff go and is now doing their work himself.
:02:52. > :02:56.Just over 100 hours, 120 hours a week.
:02:57. > :03:07.Not had a day off since I opened the shop.
:03:08. > :03:21.Since the Living Wage came in, it seems for Mo at least,
:03:22. > :03:26.The government points out, unemployment's gone down,
:03:27. > :03:28.although redundancies have increased slightly.
:03:29. > :03:31.Well that's hit the spot, time to leave Mo to drum
:03:32. > :03:37.For some businesses, the basic wage bill isn't the whole story.
:03:38. > :03:41.They've been looking at other employee costs,
:03:42. > :03:52.Now, you probably know that these are made here in the south-west,
:03:53. > :03:57.here at Callington in fact, but what you probably didn't know
:03:58. > :03:59.is that the company that makes these has its fingers
:04:00. > :04:03.Samworth Brothers is one of the country's
:04:04. > :04:09.Ginsters is their biggest brand, but they also make things
:04:10. > :04:11.like sandwiches, pies, sausages and puddings,
:04:12. > :04:16.prepared here at their Launceston business, Kensey Foods.
:04:17. > :04:18.Most of their factories are in Leicestershire,
:04:19. > :04:20.but they employ nearly 1,800 people in Cornwall.
:04:21. > :04:23.Last Summer, Samworth introduced a new pay and benefits package
:04:24. > :04:26.at Kensey and not everyone's happy about it.
:04:27. > :04:29.The company told us this project of theirs has nothing to do
:04:30. > :04:34.They say it's the result of a consultation with its staff
:04:35. > :04:44.Project Fair Reward increased workers' hourly pay rates.
:04:45. > :04:47.But it also introduced phased in reductions
:04:48. > :04:53.People doing overtime used to get 50% extra,
:04:54. > :05:01.it's now dropped to 45% and in a couple of years
:05:02. > :05:06.On Sundays, workers used to get double time.
:05:07. > :05:08.By 2019, it'll just be the basic rate.
:05:09. > :05:17.Night shift workers are also going to see their extra payments
:05:18. > :05:21.fall and additional cash for people working evenings is going.
:05:22. > :05:26.The result at Kensey has been a fall in the take home
:05:27. > :05:32.In some cases, they are working more hours and bringing home less money.
:05:33. > :05:37.Even though the government has told them they are getting pay rises.
:05:38. > :05:39.They can see over the next few years, their living standards
:05:40. > :05:47.Samworth told us a small number of employees who previously worked
:05:48. > :05:49.voluntary overtime have reported a decrease in their
:05:50. > :05:55.But they said no member of staff has seen their basic pay go backwards.
:05:56. > :05:58.And that ?5 million is being invested in their wage bill over
:05:59. > :06:05.The changes at Samworth don't affect all its workers.
:06:06. > :06:08.Just down the road from Kensey at Samworth's best known brand,
:06:09. > :06:15.things have carried on much as before.
:06:16. > :06:20.It's different in Ginsters in Callington.
:06:21. > :06:22.They haven't seen a cut to their terms and conditions
:06:23. > :06:29.Now staff are very very angry, some are having their terms
:06:30. > :06:32.and conditions changed and some ain't.
:06:33. > :06:36.They said the changes at Kensey are very much to do with the pay
:06:37. > :06:43.structures at that site and that while Kensey and Ginsters might
:06:44. > :06:46.seem pretty similar, they operate independently,
:06:47. > :06:48.and have different remuneration policies.
:06:49. > :06:54.It's nearing the end of my shift, but first,
:06:55. > :07:01.Britain deserves a pay rise and Britain is getting a payrise.
:07:02. > :07:08.Our huge care sector is well known for low wages.
:07:09. > :07:13.Somerset Care are big, they look after around 5,000 people,
:07:14. > :07:17.but not all their employees saw their wages go up.
:07:18. > :07:21.It's very rewarding, you are going home feeling
:07:22. > :07:24.like you've achieved something, to help somebody else.
:07:25. > :07:32.As a care assistant in Minehead, Jenny Kennedy got a payrise
:07:33. > :07:37.in April, and is now on ?7.28, just above the minimum wage.
:07:38. > :07:40.But if she wanted to go for promotion, she's now
:07:41. > :07:45.in a position where that wouldn't earn her much more.
:07:46. > :07:49.As you progress to supervisors and shift leader it's roughly
:07:50. > :07:52.about a 50p difference, for that small increase in my wages,
:07:53. > :07:59.Progressing to shift leader requires nearly two years of study
:08:00. > :08:03.and after all that you'd start off only ?7.83, just 63p an hour more
:08:04. > :08:14.Dr Jane Townson is the boss at Somerset Care in Taunton.
:08:15. > :08:17.She says a lack of money in the sector is why wages
:08:18. > :08:20.between different jobs have been squeezed.
:08:21. > :08:25.We had to make sure that the lower paid workers earned at least ?7 20,
:08:26. > :08:30.which in some cases meant putting wages up by 7.5%.
:08:31. > :08:33.Now if we had done that and maintained salary differentials
:08:34. > :08:36.all the way up the chain, that would have actually cost us 2.5
:08:37. > :08:39.million because we have a workforce of 4000 and the income we receive
:08:40. > :08:49.just didn't come anywhere close to 2.5 million.
:08:50. > :08:53.Many of Somerset Care's clients are funded by the local authority,
:08:54. > :08:56.but Jane says those payments don't cover the true costs.
:08:57. > :09:01.The government's promised an extra ?900 million
:09:02. > :09:12.The local authority only gives a 70% of the actual cost of care.
:09:13. > :09:15.We are already behind even before increases
:09:16. > :09:17.in the national living wage, long and we are really concerned
:09:18. > :09:20.that in forthcoming years when the government has said it
:09:21. > :09:23.will further increase the national living wage,
:09:24. > :09:26.we really support that the ability of the local authority
:09:27. > :09:33.will increase our income to cover it is just not there.
:09:34. > :09:35.The National Living Wage is going up again, shortly
:09:36. > :09:37.and it's due to keep rising, on that thought, time
:09:38. > :09:44.The National Living Wage has certainly given this region
:09:45. > :09:56.We're a low pay area so it has the potential
:09:57. > :10:02.to do lots of good here, on the other hand this is also
:10:03. > :10:04.the sort of economy where some employers are going to struggle
:10:05. > :10:08.One thing is for sure, this is a far reaching change
:10:09. > :10:19.When it comes to being good at maths, children in the UK
:10:20. > :10:23.are falling behind those in other countries.
:10:24. > :10:29.But there's one school in Exeter that is aiming to revolutionise
:10:30. > :10:33.the way the subject is taught, helping to propel the UK up
:10:34. > :10:41.I've been to meet some of its star performers.
:10:42. > :10:55.This is a place where they love the subject some love to hate.
:10:56. > :11:01.For some, schools like this are going to put big UK on the up.
:11:02. > :11:13.For others, it's all much more controversial.
:11:14. > :11:20.Welcome to the Exeter Mathematics School.
:11:21. > :11:22.Your job, and it's not that easy, is to prove that...
:11:23. > :11:28.To be honest ? this makes my brain freeze.
:11:29. > :11:32.But it's the sort of problem Ala solves for kicks.
:11:33. > :11:42.I hate to interrupt your concentration,
:11:43. > :11:56.If we are struggling as much as we were a minute
:11:57. > :12:06.I did want to tell you but I thought I'd wait
:12:07. > :12:13.What is the process you go through when your trunk to solve
:12:14. > :12:18.I guess we like to do maths and we like to do problem solving,
:12:19. > :12:21.so this makes us happy, I guess.
:12:22. > :12:32.This is why we want to do more maths and solving problems and getting
:12:33. > :12:39.By some calculations, Britain has fallen behind countries
:12:40. > :12:41.like South Korea and Singapore when it comes to maths,
:12:42. > :12:43.so this is one of two schools launched in order to try
:12:44. > :12:48.The students study A-level maths, further maths and physics
:12:49. > :12:52.They can study other subjects at a local FE college.
:12:53. > :13:02.And the school has strong links with Exeter University.
:13:03. > :13:04.It's been open two years, and it's a new departure
:13:05. > :13:09.One of the reasons why the University of Exeter
:13:10. > :13:13.was involved in the school is they believe that you can't just
:13:14. > :13:16.sit at university and moan about the standard of students that
:13:17. > :13:19.are coming to them, they should be doing something about it.
:13:20. > :13:21.So when we were first devising the curriculum,
:13:22. > :13:24.we spoke with the university and said what is missing
:13:25. > :13:32.How are they not prepared for university study?
:13:33. > :13:35.So when they get to university, they hit the ground running
:13:36. > :13:40.We're preparing them to excel when they get there and then go
:13:41. > :13:47.Until she was 16, Ala was at school in Cornwall,
:13:48. > :13:49.but it was becoming clear that she had a talent for maths.
:13:50. > :13:53.I never spent more than half an hour on a problem in GCSE
:13:54. > :13:56.and here I can spend an hour, maybe an hour and a half sometimes
:13:57. > :14:02.When you actually get it and get the answer right,
:14:03. > :14:06.that just makes your world, to be honest.
:14:07. > :14:11.For many students, Exeter is a long way from home,
:14:12. > :14:13.so around a third of them board, travelling home to see
:14:14. > :14:27.So you are cooking for your mates, your housemates?
:14:28. > :14:35.So was it a big step to move away from home?
:14:36. > :14:44.For me, it was just another thing, another step in growing up.
:14:45. > :14:47.If you are also about talking to your tea, how about tucking
:14:48. > :14:53.into this next maths problem instead and finding out whether you are
:14:54. > :14:55.whether you are a numbers genius also.
:14:56. > :14:58.Let me introduce Tim who's about to perform
:14:59. > :15:08.I have been trained at the maths school for over a year now
:15:09. > :15:12.and as such my mathematical abilities have developed
:15:13. > :15:15.to the point where I can sense what the numbers on a calculator
:15:16. > :15:17.screen without actually looking at them.
:15:18. > :15:21.What I'd like you to do is take the calculator and making sure that
:15:22. > :15:26.I want you to multiply together lots of single digit numbers.
:15:27. > :15:37.Don't bunch it up anywhere on the keyboard.
:15:38. > :15:43.All across the keyboard and then once you've finished
:15:44. > :15:45.putting all the numbers in, multiply them together
:15:46. > :16:17.What I'd like you to do is read out the number very carefully one number
:16:18. > :16:22.at a time but I want you to miss out one of the numbers.
:16:23. > :16:25.And you've got an audience here, Tim, so if you get it wrong,
:16:26. > :17:23.If you want to find out how to do it and is not as hard as it looks,
:17:24. > :17:31.This government funding schools certainly stretches able students,
:17:32. > :17:34.but some critics might say it serves the gifted few and if the UK
:17:35. > :17:38.is falling behind other countries in maths, then why isn't this
:17:39. > :17:41.investment and expertise open to all students?
:17:42. > :17:43.These students deserve to be funded with an education
:17:44. > :17:47.that is perfect for them, just like any other student does.
:17:48. > :17:51.We're not taking money out of the system, we're a part of it.
:17:52. > :17:53.I don't think anyone would argue with having special schools
:17:54. > :17:55.the music of drama and for arts and I think we're just the same
:17:56. > :18:01.It might not be common in this culture but there's definitely
:18:02. > :18:03.a need for it and we've seen the impact it's had on the students.
:18:04. > :18:10.It's an important year for everyone at the school,
:18:11. > :18:13.these are the first A-level results in their history, and they're
:18:14. > :18:15.expected to go straight to the top of the league tables.
:18:16. > :18:20.It's the culmination of two years work for the students,
:18:21. > :18:24.three further school getting it set up and our first real measure
:18:25. > :18:28.of where we are so very excited, nervous, all in one.
:18:29. > :18:31.For some of the students, places at top universities are at stake,
:18:32. > :18:44.I missed the A star by one mark, apparently.
:18:45. > :18:46.Yeah, still not that bad though, is it?
:18:47. > :18:47.Overall the results are good, and 97% of the students
:18:48. > :18:58.This year, she needs to get good AS results.
:18:59. > :19:03.I got A in all my maths modules and A in physics and B in chemistry.
:19:04. > :19:04.I'm really pleased and the work's paid off.
:19:05. > :19:07.It was quite intimidating at the start of the whole process.
:19:08. > :19:09.The interview, the exam, the entrance test and that was quite
:19:10. > :19:13.intimidating because I didn't know how many people were
:19:14. > :19:15.going to be much better than me or worse than me.
:19:16. > :19:20.The government says Exeter's high profile success shows similar
:19:21. > :19:25.But there's a long way to go before we'll know whether that's good
:19:26. > :19:28.for students across the board, or just helps a lucky few
:19:29. > :19:37.If you are missing those longer, warmer days, then I've got
:19:38. > :19:41.Back in the summer, Nick Baker visited one of Devon's top nature
:19:42. > :19:43.reserves and discovered a place that's a feast for the senses
:19:44. > :19:52.Dunsdon Nature Reserve in North Devon.
:19:53. > :19:57.Its 80 hectares are nationally important ? a vital haven
:19:58. > :20:04.It's an intriguing mix of meadow, wood, water course
:20:05. > :20:08.and a distinctive Devon habitat - culm grassland.
:20:09. > :20:17.One was created in 2012 in every English county to mark
:20:18. > :20:23.Now they didn't just put a badge on it.
:20:24. > :20:25.Look, they've created a wild flower meadow from scratch.
:20:26. > :20:30.Well, they didn't get their seeds in packets
:20:31. > :20:39.These have come from meadows, local meadows that have been
:20:40. > :20:41.especially sourced and green hate has been spread on here so the whole
:20:42. > :20:45.place has flourished and reseeded naturally.
:20:46. > :21:01.The stunning heath spotted orchid, one of several Orchid
:21:02. > :21:06.This is another beautiful moorland specialist,
:21:07. > :21:12.In early summer this is a magical place with willow seed wafting
:21:13. > :21:18.And the odd goldfinch taking seeds from a flower head.
:21:19. > :21:22.These flower rich meadows have seen a 97% decline in the last 75 years ?
:21:23. > :21:26.Difficult to tear yourself away from such a great place but I'm
:21:27. > :21:33.passing through another distinct part of the reserve.
:21:34. > :21:35.This boardwalk is taking me through wet woodland,
:21:36. > :21:42.Incredibly, this wet woodland is only about 75 years old.
:21:43. > :21:45.It's regenerated mainly from old field boundaries and hedge banks.
:21:46. > :21:54.It's fantastic and because you've got this lovely, soggy woodland
:21:55. > :21:59.floor, and that tree canopy, it traps the humid air which makes
:22:00. > :22:04.Nearly every limb around here is festooned with it.
:22:05. > :22:06.The edge of the wood, with a bit of shelter is a great
:22:07. > :22:14.This song thrush with a mouth full of dead snail crushed up
:22:15. > :22:20.for her young is pausing before returning to the nest.
:22:21. > :22:22.While overhead a heron is making repeat feeding flights diving back
:22:23. > :22:27.But if you haven't got binoculars there' plenty more
:22:28. > :22:34.This hazel bush doesn't look like much but take
:22:35. > :22:38.They're as tightly wrapped as stuffed vine leaves
:22:39. > :22:41.in a Greek restaurant, but don't take a bite.
:22:42. > :22:48.Inside there's a beetle larva waiting to emerge.
:22:49. > :22:51.And time for me to emerge right into the heart of Dunsdon
:22:52. > :22:55.and its most important feature - Culm grassland.
:22:56. > :23:00.Culm is a word for the clay soil that lies underfoot.
:23:01. > :23:04.It doesn't drain easily and so it tends to favour plants like rush
:23:05. > :23:09.and purple moor grass that tolerate water.
:23:10. > :23:12.But it's of limited farming value to farming.
:23:13. > :23:14.Over the years thousands of hectares were drained and ploughed.
:23:15. > :23:16.Dunsdon is a vitally important ? the largest remaining part
:23:17. > :23:23.of the tiny fragment of culm that survives in Devon.
:23:24. > :23:33.It's easy to become dazzled by all these orchids
:23:34. > :23:35.but there's another very, very important plant here
:23:36. > :23:38.for which the management of this area is designed around
:23:39. > :23:43.This here is lovely soft which belong to a plant
:23:44. > :23:50.It's important because it is the food plant
:23:51. > :23:58.The scabious feeds these caterpillars ? if they thrive
:23:59. > :24:03.This one is nectaring on a knapweed using its long proboscis.
:24:04. > :24:06.Nationally the species has declined by two thirds since 1990,
:24:07. > :24:08.mainly because of the loss of habitats just like this ?
:24:09. > :24:17.They fly from may to June, and egg lay before the new larva
:24:18. > :24:27.emerge to feed on those scabius leaves in August and September.
:24:28. > :24:30.For warden, Steve Threkeld, keeping things tip top
:24:31. > :24:36.If I was a butterfly, this place is utopia.
:24:37. > :24:47.It's a mixture of two kinds of management.
:24:48. > :24:50.Cattle grazing during the summer and in the winter,
:24:51. > :24:52.it is controlled burning and a very controlled circumstances.
:24:53. > :25:14.At the wrong time of year, it could be very drastic.
:25:15. > :25:25.Here, they've got it quite right. We have a before and after contrast. On
:25:26. > :25:31.this side of the past, you can see vegetation is denser. There is more
:25:32. > :25:37.rush and purple moor grass which forms these blonde, dead leaves,
:25:38. > :25:41.which smothers a lot of the other less competitive vegetation. On this
:25:42. > :25:47.side, the vegetation is shorter, it is less dense but there is more
:25:48. > :25:52.spaces which means all the wild flowers are getting lots of light
:25:53. > :25:59.and their seeds also get a chance to germinate. This marshes on Heath
:26:00. > :26:11.spotted orchid that has toppled over. Members here on the up and
:26:12. > :26:19.with the dry summer, it should improve. It is not just the
:26:20. > :26:21.rarities. Butterflies of around here. This odd insect looking like a
:26:22. > :26:25.dead leaf, a silver moth. It has dead leaf, a silver moth. It has
:26:26. > :26:39.flown in from the continent. And I haven't exhausted the place
:26:40. > :26:42.yet , I'm on my way to a unusual feature of the reserve that,
:26:43. > :26:44.though disused by man, is being It's this a disused section
:26:45. > :26:52.of the Bude canal that used to transport sand across north devon
:26:53. > :26:55.and cornwall all the Now it's bit of a ditch really ?
:26:56. > :26:59.but for wildife a ditch Skating on the surface are these
:27:00. > :27:09.manic whirligigs ,but if you look Skating on the surface are these
:27:10. > :27:11.manic whirligigs but if you look closely one of my favourite insects
:27:12. > :27:13.is swimming about . This is a great diving beetle ?
:27:14. > :27:16.an aggressive predator that The smooth backed insect is the male
:27:17. > :27:22.? then a female arrives with a grooved back or wing case ?
:27:23. > :27:26.They'll probably leave this fellow alone though , a common frog ,
:27:27. > :27:29.just one of thousands of species And in the meadow right
:27:30. > :27:35.by the canal a dragon fly , a four spotted chaser
:27:36. > :27:38.is taking in the rays. It's mandibles are active ? getting
:27:39. > :27:42.ready to polish off a smaller beast. I've only spent a half day
:27:43. > :28:01.here but I've taken in some great Habitats here. There is the plenty
:28:02. > :28:03.chewed of orchids and the butterflies. It is tended carefully
:28:04. > :28:17.by the hand of man. With so much of this precious Devon
:28:18. > :28:20.culm grassland drained and given over to intensive farming
:28:21. > :28:22.it's so important that these few remaining fragments can
:28:23. > :28:27.not just be protected, but allowed to expand,
:28:28. > :28:30.connect and act as a haven Next week we have the exploits of
:28:31. > :28:44.rely on them . Next week we have the exploits of
:28:45. > :28:49.James Bond creator. He risked everything alongside the French
:28:50. > :29:04.resistance. That is all to come next Monday at 7:30pm. See you then.
:29:05. > :29:12.Hello, I'm Riz Lateef with your 90-second update.
:29:13. > :29:14.Protests in Downing Street tonight against Donald Trump's travel ban
:29:15. > :29:17.More than 1.4 million have now signed a petition calling
:29:18. > :29:20.for his state visit to Britain to be cancelled.
:29:21. > :29:22.There have also been protests in the States.
:29:23. > :29:24.President Trump insisted little more than a 100 travellers were affected
:29:25. > :29:26.over the weekend and blamed protestors for the
:29:27. > :29:31.A mosque in Canada has been subjected to a terrorist attack.
:29:32. > :29:34.Six worshippers were killed, five critically injured,
:29:35. > :29:41.Guilty - banker Lynden Scourfield was bribed by David Mills to provide
:29:42. > :29:46.Money was lavished on holidays, prostitutes and cars.
:29:47. > :29:50.The corruption cost Halifax Bank of Scotland hundreds of millions.
:29:51. > :29:52.Jennie Platt didn't like spikes put down to deter
:29:53. > :29:56.the homeless in Manchester, so she and her children put down