:00:18. > :00:25.Tonight we have a special programme. This is the Kimmeridge shale
:00:25. > :00:30.burning. A little fire made of stone. I'll be investigating claims
:00:30. > :00:36.that the technology to get the gas out is not safe. This is all about
:00:36. > :00:42.the government with dollar signs in its eyes and not the welfare of this
:00:42. > :00:48.community. And I'll be finding out how a protest that started like this
:00:48. > :00:53.group to this. Sleepy West Sussex today became the front line of
:00:53. > :00:54.fracking protesters. I'm Jon Cuthill and this is Inside Out for the South
:00:54. > :01:15.of England. Over the past weeks, protests
:01:15. > :01:19.against oil exploration in Sussex have hit the headlines. Hundreds of
:01:19. > :01:23.people marched on the village of Balcombe when news spread of a
:01:23. > :01:28.controversial new technique fracking, which might be used to
:01:28. > :01:32.extract shale gas if it was discovered in shale rocks under a
:01:32. > :01:38.mile —— a mile underground. As they attempted to blockade an exploratory
:01:38. > :01:44.well run by Cuadrilla, a Brighton MP and her son were joining the
:01:44. > :01:48.protesters. Officers are trying to break up a sit down protest outside
:01:48. > :01:53.the gates to Cuadrilla's education site. On the left is the Green
:01:53. > :02:00.Brighton member for Parliament Caroline Lucas. As she is led away,
:02:00. > :02:06.protesters applaud her and the world's media rush to get pictures.
:02:06. > :02:11.But alongside the emotions, what are the facts and how realistic is it
:02:11. > :02:16.that the rocks beneath our feet, from Dorset to Kent, are rich in oil
:02:16. > :02:22.and gas that only now new technology can release? Well, our journey
:02:22. > :02:28.begins not here in West Sussex but on the Dorset coast.
:02:28. > :02:35.This is Kimmeridge on the Isle of Purbeck, famous for snorkelling,
:02:35. > :02:40.surfing and fossil hunting. From here, you can just about glimpse me
:02:40. > :02:44.nodding donkey oil pump at Wytch Farm, the largest onshore oilfield
:02:44. > :02:49.in Western Europe. It's been operating since the 1950s, proving
:02:49. > :02:53.there is nothing new about oil wells in the South's countryside. This is
:02:53. > :02:57.pumping oil from beneath the region's most expensive property
:02:57. > :03:02.around Poole Harbour. But that's not what brought them to this speech.
:03:02. > :03:06.I'm here for the shale and Professor Ian Stewart from Plymouth University
:03:06. > :03:09.has come along to help me understand what it is about a relatively common
:03:09. > :03:14.rock that has got the oil companies and the government so excited. While
:03:15. > :03:19.shale may be buried under Bath swathes of land across the South,
:03:19. > :03:23.here it's handily risen to the surface and I'm about to get a
:03:23. > :03:29.proper look. Is this the stuff here? Yeah, this is part of it. This
:03:29. > :03:34.is more of a sandy unit but it's very extensive. You can see it all
:03:34. > :03:39.the way along. Down underneath the cliff, it continues to the
:03:39. > :03:43.subsurface, that hidden world. But there's different types of shale,
:03:43. > :03:50.aren't there? It's all about the right type? There is shale and
:03:50. > :03:53.there's shale and one of the things you don't know until you get right
:03:53. > :03:57.down close to it is whether it will have gas in it. It's really hard
:03:57. > :04:03.just from serving it. You have to test it. But what we do know is this
:04:03. > :04:06.stuff is packed full of hydrocarbons, of oil and gas, so the
:04:06. > :04:16.chances are the stuff that is down there will be the same. The thing is
:04:16. > :04:21.that that gas is tucked away. A nice little fossil there. It's tucked
:04:21. > :04:26.inside so it's very difficult to get at it and that's the problem — how
:04:26. > :04:33.do you get it out? It's always been here. And the fossils are clue to
:04:33. > :04:37.what it is — its organic matter which is compact it and then
:04:37. > :04:43.cooked? Yes, so you've got a muddy sea bed with life — and you can see
:04:43. > :04:47.lots of evidence of that — and it gets buried and push down like a
:04:47. > :04:53.pressure cooker. The rocks push it down and it gets warmer as it pushed
:04:53. > :04:57.down and that cooks up the organic material, much of it planned debris
:04:57. > :05:00.that has been washed in and animal debris. As that changes, it's cooked
:05:00. > :05:09.up into hydrocarbons, something called courage in. The Kerridge is
:05:09. > :05:22.what we can as oil and gas. Fracking enables us to get at the kerogen.
:05:22. > :05:26.The aim is to reach tiny cracks in the rock, some less than one
:05:26. > :05:31.millimetre across. Inside these cracks like molecules of gas, which
:05:31. > :05:36.is what's left of all that cooked up organic matter. The next stage is to
:05:36. > :05:43.pumping water and chemical that high—pressure to widen the cracks.
:05:43. > :05:58.They call the cracks —— proppants are added to the mix, which are tiny
:05:58. > :06:04.sound like grains. —— sand like. Where is the good stuff? You see the
:06:04. > :06:10.black layer just underneath? This stuff — this is what it's all about.
:06:10. > :06:19.This stuff here. So that contains energy? Yes. It seems really odd.
:06:19. > :06:23.It's a rock, a stone. The thing is, it's because it's trapped inside in
:06:23. > :06:27.amongst all the particles, just tiny molecules of gas, but millions of
:06:27. > :06:32.them. That's why it's been so difficult to get at. What we've done
:06:32. > :06:39.as jollity as for 50 years in the North Sea is, the geology that's
:06:39. > :06:44.leaked this stuff for millions of years has trapped it in the sand.
:06:44. > :06:49.The point is, we now realise that the oil and gas is coming from the
:06:49. > :06:54.shale below. If we can get up the shale, it's packed full of it. So
:06:54. > :06:58.packed with fuel is the shale at Emirates that it's known as the
:06:58. > :07:03.burning beach. Back in the 1800s, just up the road, Kimmeridge shale
:07:03. > :07:07.was being used to keep the street lights burning. Shale was heated up
:07:07. > :07:12.to produce gas and there was an ambitious plan to use it in Paris to
:07:12. > :07:16.light up the whole city. Sadly for the company concerned, the Parisi
:07:16. > :07:23.and is hated the smell. —— the people of Paris hated the smell.
:07:23. > :07:31.Look at this, we've set it going. You can create a fire. This is the
:07:31. > :07:36.Kimmeridge shale burning. All these little flakes are rich in kerogen
:07:36. > :07:44.and you can smell it. It's like a Garrard forecourt. —— garage. You
:07:44. > :07:50.get the distinctive smell. It's a little fire made of stone. Built in
:07:50. > :07:55.1830, the famous Clavell Tower would soon overlook a tramway used to
:07:55. > :07:59.carry shale to a factory in Weymouth. A factory which would
:07:59. > :08:04.later be closed as a public nuisance because of a pungent odours. Here,
:08:04. > :08:10.as well, one company made their bid to light up Paris. There are clues
:08:10. > :08:16.to an industrial past year. Yeah, all around. Look at the Tower. This
:08:16. > :08:19.is all part of an industrial landscape. 100 years ago this was
:08:19. > :08:24.being worked in all sorts of ways that people forget about today. The
:08:24. > :08:29.first drilling for shale gas was in this region 130 years ago. They
:08:29. > :08:33.drilled down and in order to see what was down there, they lowered a
:08:33. > :08:40.line and there was an explosion and that was the first inauspicious
:08:40. > :08:44.start for shale gas. I guess when you come here today and it is so
:08:44. > :08:47.beautiful and you don't see the industrialisation, you forget it had
:08:47. > :08:52.that potential and I guess that's the problem — do people wanted to
:08:52. > :08:57.come back into a place like this? With the arrival of Cuadrilla on
:08:57. > :09:00.their doorstep, all come started to say no and a peaceful protest by
:09:00. > :09:06.local residents began. Cuadrilla claims Britain has billions of cubic
:09:06. > :09:08.metres of shale reserves of ripe for exploitation, raising hopes of a
:09:08. > :09:14.home—grown energy bonanza and fears of pollution. Residents don't have
:09:14. > :09:19.the intellect to find out more. —— turned to the internet to find out
:09:19. > :09:24.more. I don't trust the whole fracking industry. It's worked in
:09:24. > :09:31.America, great for them. They have vast wide—open plains and maybe it
:09:31. > :09:35.suits their top Griffey but the south—east is so densely populated
:09:35. > :09:41.why would they even think of doing it? There are too many risks to
:09:41. > :09:46.pollution, to the water. Where are they going to get the water from?
:09:46. > :09:50.We're always having droughts. Where are they going to take the waste
:09:50. > :09:54.water? That's before you even start looking at the traffic in the
:09:54. > :09:58.village. Have you seen the high Street that the big tankers will be
:09:58. > :10:02.going through? There are so many issues, so many risks, and I'm just
:10:02. > :10:06.really disappointed that the government are pushing it and are
:10:06. > :10:14.encouraging it to happen in this country.
:10:14. > :10:20.The village organised an emergency meeting and invited a Polish film
:10:20. > :10:26.director to show his documentary about how Polish farmers tried to
:10:26. > :10:32.fight off fracking. If this village, which is a beautiful, picturesque
:10:32. > :10:35.place... Imagine all the huge lorries coming through here with
:10:35. > :10:40.sand and chemicals and water going back and forth. I'm not talking
:10:40. > :10:45.about ten or 15 trucks but hundreds of vehicles. If you just consider
:10:45. > :10:47.that alone, they should think about these issues because it's the
:10:48. > :10:53.quality of life that will be affected, not just the environment.
:10:53. > :10:59.The farmers that I filmed took a stand and I think people admire them
:10:59. > :11:04.for that. They say, if this group of farmers in the eastern Poland can
:11:04. > :11:12.fight Chevron and win, maybe we can win also. Shale gas is not a
:11:12. > :11:16.solution. Somebody to Dave said that they were here and were not leaving
:11:16. > :11:22.and there was a thing we could do. This kind of thinking is faulty. It
:11:22. > :11:25.is this kind of thinking that will destroy communities because if they
:11:25. > :11:28.don't make the decision to fight, later on when they look back and see
:11:29. > :11:32.what will have happened to the community, they will say, " we had
:11:32. > :11:38.an opportunity and didn't do anything about it".
:11:38. > :11:45.Within days, people described as protection of protesters and others
:11:45. > :11:48.joined from Brighton. They pointed out that Cuadrilla had been forced
:11:48. > :11:52.to suspend fracking near Blackpool after causing minor earthquakes.
:11:52. > :11:57.They also had to withdraw a brochure which the Advertising Standards
:11:57. > :12:03.Authority said exaggerated evidence about the safety of fracking.
:12:03. > :12:07.Cuadrilla has repeatedly said it has no current plans to frack and bowls
:12:07. > :12:16.come. It doesn't even know if sufficient oil gas is there. We're
:12:16. > :12:23.in an exploration phase, that's the whole point in digging these wells.
:12:23. > :12:29.You know, you need data to do this. This is a scientific driven process.
:12:29. > :12:34.You need to assess the data and then decide one, does it need to happen,
:12:34. > :12:40.too, if it did happen would it work? And would it work safely and
:12:40. > :12:47.sensibly? Until you do exploration runs, you need the data so I don't
:12:47. > :12:50.answer questions without data. Protesters are unconvinced and point
:12:50. > :12:53.to the United States where it is claimed fracking bonanza has
:12:53. > :13:01.polluted underground water and made wells run dry. Since they began
:13:01. > :13:08.drilling here, I suffer from seizures and through all of this,
:13:08. > :13:14.right before our water turned purple, I went into renal failure.
:13:14. > :13:20.The water stinks, that animals won't drink it, I don't drink the water.
:13:20. > :13:23.Fears like this wary and environmentalists, despite
:13:23. > :13:27.assurances from the Royal Society and the Royal Academy of engineering
:13:27. > :13:33.at our safety regulations are sufficient to ensure there would be
:13:33. > :13:37.problems. The drilling process is toxic, the mud is toxic and the
:13:37. > :13:44.drilling will be radioactive. This is not a safe process. They have
:13:44. > :14:02.been dishonest to residents. We can't trust them.
:14:02. > :14:08.A lot of people have been saying, look, we don't want fracking here,
:14:08. > :14:13.it is bad for the environment, but what is the alternative? That is
:14:13. > :14:21.interesting, what is the alternative? South Downs, recently,
:14:21. > :14:26.of which many of us try to help, they wanted to put three wind
:14:26. > :14:31.turbines on the South Downs and that was given open discussion. They made
:14:31. > :14:36.the decision to say no. Three wind turbines which were going to power
:14:36. > :14:39.quite a number of houses, OK. That is taking you off the grid and makes
:14:40. > :14:50.a lot of sense, but we would rather have that.
:14:50. > :14:58.If people are saying not this and not that, a lot of people have
:14:58. > :15:04.protested against wind farms, we are running out of alternatives and we
:15:04. > :15:10.need power now. How about reducing, stop using as much as you use now?
:15:10. > :15:14.How about that? How about we recognise the fact that we are
:15:14. > :15:15.addicted to fossil fuels and we don't have the ability to ban what
:15:15. > :15:27.we have in reserve? Where people can get misled is they
:15:27. > :15:33.think we can supply all of our energy needs from renewables alone.
:15:33. > :15:37.Remember, energy needs are not just electricity. Electricity is probably
:15:37. > :15:42.a third. Where is heating going to come from? What will people caught
:15:43. > :15:49.on? Werewolf you'll come from? They will need gas and they will need
:15:49. > :15:53.oil. I have no issue with renewables and the growth of renewables, but we
:15:53. > :15:59.need to be realistic that we will need that for decades. The question
:15:59. > :16:04.is not should we have renewables or not, frankly we showed, the question
:16:04. > :16:10.is, whilst we build the share which is currently three or 4% of the
:16:10. > :16:16.total energy supply, we have another 96% ago. Where do we get our energy
:16:16. > :16:21.from? What is the solution today if we don't want that tomorrow? The
:16:21. > :16:29.first thing we need to start with the non—negotiable is. The report
:16:29. > :16:33.says the economic cost of not dealing with climate change is
:16:33. > :16:37.vastly greater than the cost of what we are currently doing. Not doing
:16:37. > :16:43.this is the one thing we know is the absolute priority. Renewables
:16:43. > :16:48.supergroup where we link resources of the entire region would create a
:16:48. > :16:57.positive interdependency politically. But not enough.It
:16:57. > :17:01.absolutely world. Why are we giving five times more taxpayers money to
:17:02. > :17:08.fossil fuel curb these instead of renewables? Because these companies
:17:08. > :17:14.have power. Lobbyists have their interests are served and I am still
:17:14. > :17:21.shaking with frustration. A decent future for our children is being
:17:21. > :17:25.sold down the river. They have started work and we have no
:17:25. > :17:32.information. We are being pushed around, bullied and bamboozled.
:17:32. > :17:36.These questions are rubbish. The only have to look at one of the
:17:36. > :17:41.creators of hydraulic fracturing and he says it is absolutely
:17:41. > :17:45.unpredictable. We don't know what they put in there if they actually
:17:45. > :17:51.go ahead and discover oil or gas. What if that goes into our
:17:51. > :17:55.reservoir? That is our life source. I hope and pray that Balcombe is not
:17:56. > :18:00.sacrificial, but they already have the drill bits in there. I hope
:18:01. > :18:06.people will wake up and smell the methane and this will turn around
:18:06. > :18:10.the energy policy. Cuadrilla says its baseline studies prove there is
:18:10. > :18:13.already methane in the water, not caused by its activities, but what
:18:13. > :18:20.about allegations that the government is unfairly favouring oil
:18:20. > :18:23.over renewables? Is an irony that the government pushed the
:18:23. > :18:28.legislation through which gave local authorities the ability to turn down
:18:28. > :18:32.applications for wind farms without giving much explanation. In the same
:18:32. > :18:37.breath, or a couple of months later, they are now saying they are
:18:37. > :18:39.blocking local authorities from stopping any planning applications
:18:39. > :18:45.for fracking unless there are very strong arguments not to. It is a
:18:45. > :18:49.very unlevel playing field for wind farms versus fracking. Effectively
:18:49. > :18:53.the government is saying they will bypass issues of local policy and
:18:53. > :19:00.planning for fracking, but what is many obstacles in the way as
:19:00. > :19:03.possible for wind farms. Fracking is probably no worse than
:19:03. > :19:07.the other issues, but it is no better. It is certainly more
:19:08. > :19:11.difficult to get to, so there is energy involved in trying to extract
:19:11. > :19:16.the gas in the first place. At the end of the day, we will run out of
:19:16. > :19:22.that as well. I have seen many reports say we will have enough gas
:19:22. > :19:26.to keep us going until 2030, that is not very long. Actually it makes it
:19:26. > :19:30.sound like it is fine, but we still have a big problem ahead and that is
:19:30. > :19:35.finding alternative sources of energy. And ideally cleaner sources
:19:35. > :19:41.of energy. Whether that is wind farms, solar power, these are all
:19:41. > :19:46.safer, cleaner, initially more expensive, but in the long term all
:19:46. > :19:52.secure sources. This year, Britain's reliance on
:19:52. > :19:57.foreign energy hit a 40 year high. Finding alternatives has to be a
:19:57. > :20:07.priority. This is what we have to do to get democracy. Despite protests,
:20:07. > :20:13.the Prime Minister has welcomed shale fracking right across the
:20:13. > :20:16.country. I will give you one figure to let you think about how much we
:20:16. > :20:22.could be missing out, in the whole EU last year, there were 100 shale
:20:22. > :20:27.gas wells dug. At the same time in the United States, there were
:20:27. > :20:31.10,000. The EU has about three quarters as much shale gas as the
:20:31. > :20:34.US, so we are missing out big time at the moment and I want to make
:20:34. > :20:39.sure Britain doesn't miss out because I want is to be a success in
:20:39. > :20:43.the global race. Mr Cameron later made it clear he wanted fracking to
:20:43. > :20:51.happen everywhere, not just in the North where one Tory peer suggested
:20:51. > :20:54.fewer people would object. There are large and desolate areas, certainly
:20:54. > :21:06.up in the north—east, where there is plenty of room for fracking. Well
:21:06. > :21:12.away from anybody's residence. For many in industry, shale gas could be
:21:12. > :21:18.there and set of economic economy —— recovery and help drive down energy
:21:18. > :21:21.bills. There are a number of benefits from the development of
:21:21. > :21:25.shale oil and gas. Firstly the creation of a new industry which
:21:25. > :21:29.would create tens of thousands of jobs on the drilling sites and in
:21:29. > :21:34.the supply chain. Secondly, you replace imported oil and gas which
:21:34. > :21:39.is a big benefit. Thirdly, there is a lot of tax revenue for the
:21:39. > :21:42.government and lastly, UK manufacturing is in the competitive
:21:42. > :21:47.threat from cheaper energy in countries like the US. What shale
:21:47. > :21:53.gas and shale oil can do is improve energy costs for British
:21:53. > :21:58.manufacturers. How realistic is it that an oil bonanza lies beneath our
:21:58. > :22:01.feet in the south of England? I set off to Nottingham where an
:22:01. > :22:09.extraordinary story of shale rocks could have the answer. This is a big
:22:09. > :22:12.warehouse where we store a lot of cylinders of rock which have been
:22:12. > :22:18.pulled out of boreholes and Wells all over the United Kingdom.
:22:18. > :22:27.Probably hundreds of miles of this here. Amongst this lot somewhere is
:22:27. > :22:31.the right sort of shale? Yeah. If you look at this one, it is
:22:31. > :22:36.incredibly dense and there is no way you could see any holes in it.
:22:36. > :22:41.Amongst this stuff, there are holes which are micro size. Thousands of a
:22:41. > :22:45.millimetre. Inside there is a mesh of spaces and holes and organic
:22:45. > :22:50.matter. All of that stuff has been cooked up in this rock. The gas that
:22:50. > :22:56.has formed is in the tiny spaces we can't see, but if you were to drop
:22:56. > :23:02.this into a bowl of water, you would have to risk taking it out of the
:23:02. > :23:08.sub surfaces and it would bubble away for lots of time. It takes a
:23:08. > :23:12.long time for the gas to come out. With all of those samples, how can
:23:12. > :23:17.we be sure that southern shale will prove as productive as the shale of
:23:17. > :23:25.Lancashire? Time for some high—tech gadgetry. Let's start in Kimmeridge
:23:25. > :23:31.Bay. We know there is shale on the surface. Yes, Kimmeridge shale which
:23:31. > :23:38.is what occurs on the bay and you can light it and gas comes off it.
:23:38. > :23:42.There is an newly organic matter. You can still see the outline of the
:23:42. > :23:47.Kimmeridge Bay area, but he can see the rocks underneath it. If we stop
:23:47. > :23:55.there, that is the Kimmeridge Clay, mushy black stuff that you get
:23:55. > :24:03.around the Bay Area. You have three quite big shale layers in that area.
:24:03. > :24:09.But is it the right sort of shale? We don't think it is because it has
:24:09. > :24:13.probably not been cooked up enough to make shale gas. It is also
:24:13. > :24:18.probably not brittle enough or crack a bowl. If you were to try and
:24:18. > :24:28.fracture it, it probably would not break in the way you wanted it to.
:24:28. > :24:33.We know there is oil in Dorset. So that is probably this lower
:24:33. > :24:38.shale, the deepest layer which has been cooked up enough to make oil.
:24:38. > :24:43.That is probably where most of the oil came from, but we don't think it
:24:43. > :24:49.has gone far enough to make gas. Let's come back to the surface and
:24:49. > :24:55.head east where we know they are successfully pumping oil and let's
:24:55. > :25:00.head to Balcombe where the protests. Again, we don't think the shale is
:25:00. > :25:04.right for fracking. Not only does it probably not contain the right gas,
:25:05. > :25:14.it is probably not very brittle. It won't be able to be broken to make
:25:14. > :25:20.gas come out. Play set we think has perspective is the North of England.
:25:20. > :25:28.There is shale that is 300 million years old. It sits underneath the
:25:28. > :25:30.famous call that gave the North of England the Industrial Revolution.
:25:30. > :25:35.It is not the geography that matters, it is whether the people
:25:35. > :25:40.want it and think that the landscape will be damaged by it or whether
:25:40. > :25:44.they think it is not safe. It doesn't matter what we say
:25:44. > :25:47.geologically or technically, it is possible to extract gas because they
:25:47. > :25:51.have been doing it in the United States, it is whether people feel
:25:51. > :25:55.they wanted and it is something we need in this country. A few days ago
:25:55. > :26:01.there were new protests in Lancashire. With fears that fracking
:26:01. > :26:05.was about to restart near black hole. Cuadrilla confirmed it is
:26:05. > :26:09.looking at six sites in the zero, but it is suspending activity at
:26:10. > :26:13.Balcombe later this month while a new planning application is
:26:13. > :26:17.considered. Language at Balcombe has changed
:26:17. > :26:22.since you have been there, West Sussex began as a good prospect,
:26:23. > :26:27.then we heard that it was unlikely, due to poor transport links. Where
:26:27. > :26:32.are we at now with Balcombe and the prospects? I don't take that
:26:32. > :26:38.interpretation. It remains a good prospect. What we said was unlikely
:26:38. > :26:43.was that the Balcombe site itself would become a production site. That
:26:43. > :26:47.is a very long way from saying that West Sussex is not a good oil
:26:47. > :26:55.prospect. It still is. In Balcombe the villages divided. Many long for
:26:55. > :26:58.the protest is to go home and others would welcome the benefits.
:26:58. > :27:05.Campaigners remain fearful and determined. When you live in a place
:27:05. > :27:11.and you love nature, it is unthinkable to have an oil company
:27:12. > :27:14.arrive and tell you that they are planning to drive tankers up and
:27:14. > :27:24.down and pour chemicals into the ground. Our response was not to
:27:24. > :27:28.believe it would ever happen. I have worked in oil exploration all my
:27:28. > :27:32.working life and define some good Wells, you don't find some good
:27:32. > :27:36.ones. Some fail for technical reasons, some fail for other reasons
:27:36. > :27:44.and then you find fantastic ones. You have to wait and see. If you
:27:44. > :27:50.were a betting man? Despite my Irish accent, I don't wager. We will wait
:27:50. > :27:57.for the data. How can it be worth the risk? How can you promise that
:27:57. > :28:02.you will keep us safe? Today, West Sussex county council announced it
:28:02. > :28:07.will remove people, tents, canopies and caravans from the roadside at
:28:07. > :28:11.Bolton. The council said if the site is not vacated within 24 hours,
:28:12. > :28:16.court action will be taken in the interest of road safety. ——
:28:16. > :28:26.Balcombe. So, what you think? Send me an
:28:26. > :28:30.e—mail. Coming up next week, we give accident and emergency health check
:28:30. > :28:31.and Laura finds out whether laughter is the best medicine. Until then,
:28:31. > :28:49.goodbye. To me, laughter is the best job in
:28:49. > :28:52.the world. It really gets you going and makes you feel alive.