:00:00. > :00:00.They're so good at getting their hands on our cash,
:00:00. > :00:10.It's this sense of urgency that's really trying
:00:11. > :00:21.We uncover the mind games the conmen play.
:00:22. > :00:24.I put in $50,000 and that's all gone.
:00:25. > :00:29.The number of cyclists you see at night with no light is qtite
:00:30. > :00:32.We shine the spotlight on the cyclists taking a ch`nce
:00:33. > :00:37.You wouldn't jump in your c`r at night without lights on,
:00:38. > :00:40.so why would you get on your bike and do it?
:00:41. > :00:42.It's dark, you have no lights on your bicycle.
:00:43. > :00:56.This is Inside Out for the South of England.
:00:57. > :01:02.First, here on Inside out we have told you how people
:01:03. > :01:05.across the South have been ripped off by cons which have cost them
:01:06. > :01:12.We all like to think it wouldn't happen to but we show you how
:01:13. > :01:15.it might, as we reveal the lind games used by scammers
:01:16. > :01:20.to try to get their hands on your cash.
:01:21. > :01:24.She's 91 and lives alone in a warden-assisted
:01:25. > :01:37.Yvonne and her husband Ron larried 60 years ago.
:01:38. > :01:47.But then, like the flick of a switch, when Ron died,
:01:48. > :01:50.the scam mail started to potr through Yvonne's door.
:01:51. > :01:57.Well, I just used to look at them for the simple reason,
:01:58. > :02:00.I couldn't go out, I didn't have a car, I didn't have mx husband
:02:01. > :02:05.and I just couldn't do things, so I just answered the lettdrs.
:02:06. > :02:09.And they all say, oh you've definitely won this and you've got
:02:10. > :02:11.this that and the other but at the same time
:02:12. > :02:17.So at its worst, it was how many letters?
:02:18. > :02:22.I counted them and I used to get 40 letters every day.
:02:23. > :02:26.Six days a week, that's 240 letters a week.
:02:27. > :02:38.If you say I spent ?500 a month for 12 months of every year
:02:39. > :02:42.I would say I probably spent ?30,000.
:02:43. > :02:51.Well, if Ron had been here ht would never have happened.
:02:52. > :02:55.Dr Emma Williams is a psychologist leading research into
:02:56. > :03:02.She believes the best way to make sure we're not taken in
:03:03. > :03:05.is to understand why we might respond to them the way we do.
:03:06. > :03:08.They give people a sense of routine and they can replace somethhng
:03:09. > :03:11.that's effectively been lost for an individual.
:03:12. > :03:15.Slowly pulling someone in to actually responding.
:03:16. > :03:18.So we wait for the mail, put the cheques in, fill out
:03:19. > :03:25.They're all creating another way someone to kind of converse again
:03:26. > :03:38.And they prey on elderly people like me.
:03:39. > :03:41.In the Neuroscience Departmdnt at the University of Reading
:03:42. > :03:46.they can explain why Yvonne might've been taken in.
:03:47. > :03:48.This is the almitra in your brain.
:03:49. > :03:53.If the almitra detects the threatening information,
:03:54. > :03:58.they can process that and then realise that this could be ` scam.
:03:59. > :04:02.Trouble is, as we age, part of the prefrontal cortdx
:04:03. > :04:08.overrides that crucial area of the brain giving us warning signs.
:04:09. > :04:10.As you get older they tend to process positive information
:04:11. > :04:13.more intensively and ignore negative information.
:04:14. > :04:16.So the way the brain works changes
:04:17. > :04:22.There might be some potenti`l threatening information
:04:23. > :04:27.within the scenario, however they tend to ignore these
:04:28. > :04:34.threatening elements and just focus on something rosy and posithve.
:04:35. > :04:39.But with ever more sophisticated scams, any of us could be t`ken in.
:04:40. > :04:48.So when do you need it by ? this week?
:04:49. > :04:54.Initially he'd written to tdll this Sussex woman she'd inherited
:04:55. > :05:00.Over the last five months, with him posing as a bank m`nager
:05:01. > :05:03.and another man posing as a Hong Kong solicitor,
:05:04. > :05:07.they have scammed Sandra out of her entire life savings.
:05:08. > :05:19.When we panic, the types of processing we engage in leans
:05:20. > :05:21.that we rely on these more kind of...
:05:22. > :05:26.They're mental short cuts that are going on in the brain that allow
:05:27. > :05:28.us to make quick decisions when we're uncertain
:05:29. > :05:30.about something, when we're under pressure.
:05:31. > :05:35.So far, Sandra's paid ?12,000 in legal fees.
:05:36. > :05:41.?34,000 in death duties and ?13 000 to the fictional
:05:42. > :05:46.Now the scammers are saying they'll stump up $40,000
:05:47. > :05:51.to unlock the inheritance if Sandra matches that.
:05:52. > :05:54.With the inheritance scam and this particular example of it,
:05:55. > :05:58.we've seen a lot of reciprocity being used as well and that's
:05:59. > :06:00.relying on this social obligation we feel that we've been brotght up
:06:01. > :06:04.with as we've grown up that we really have to kind of repay
:06:05. > :06:07.gifts or favours that are ghven to us, so it's the same thing.
:06:08. > :06:12."I'm helping you, you now nded to help me."
:06:13. > :06:15.I used my own savings but now I will be in debt.
:06:16. > :06:18.You need to promise me that the money will be
:06:19. > :06:24.But Sandra doesn't have any savings left.
:06:25. > :06:38.So one of the scammers is pressing her to borrow money
:06:39. > :06:41.Yeah, about a week, two weeks something like that.
:06:42. > :06:50.Thankfully, Sandra now knows she's being duped and is stringing
:06:51. > :06:54.the scammers along after we showed her evidence proving
:06:55. > :07:02.Jai the bank manager's passport had been faked.
:07:03. > :07:07.I really kind felt like a lhttle bit betrayed because I though J`i
:07:08. > :07:12.was someone that I spoke to a lot and funnily enough,
:07:13. > :07:18.Also the scammers had taken the real website of a proper Hong Kong
:07:19. > :07:20.law firm, changing only the name and contact details
:07:21. > :07:29.I mean, that was one of the reasons why I had faith in this as well
:07:30. > :07:35.Like, surely fake solicitor websites are illegal?
:07:36. > :07:38.I mean, really, you should `lways get a second opinion
:07:39. > :07:47.The bank accounts that Sandra was conned into sending ?59,000 to
:07:48. > :07:52.So, we asked the BBC's correspondent there, Julian` Liu,
:07:53. > :07:55.to check out the real and the fake websites to see what
:07:56. > :08:00.Cheung Wong solicitors is the fake firm who rang and emailed
:08:01. > :08:06.So Juliana went to their office for us.
:08:07. > :08:09.This is the address of the solicitor Henry Cheung.
:08:10. > :08:12.But as you can see, it's actually the back office
:08:13. > :08:28.We're doing a story about a woman in the UK that has been scalmed
:08:29. > :08:32.But they said they knew their website had been stoldn.
:08:33. > :08:39.Ironically they specialise in intellectual property law.
:08:40. > :08:43.It took a few months but thd fake website is no longer active.
:08:44. > :08:45.But as one scam is shutting down, plenty of others
:08:46. > :08:51.To beat the scammers, really one of the things
:08:52. > :08:54.we definitely need to start doing is feeling able to report scams
:08:55. > :08:57.to other people, to the agencies, to anybody who needs to know about it.
:08:58. > :09:00.Because unfortunately we still have an awful lot of stigma
:09:01. > :09:05.associated with scams and even the term "scam" can bring up a lot
:09:06. > :09:09.of associations and connotations that people have been outwitted
:09:10. > :09:13.or outsmarted and to a cert`in degree maybe it's their own fault
:09:14. > :09:16.for falling victim and that's completely not the case.
:09:17. > :09:21.But definitely question things if you don't know where thex've come
:09:22. > :09:26.If things seem too good to be true, which I know is becoming quhte
:09:27. > :09:29.an adage now and it's hard to see exactly what that means,
:09:30. > :09:32.but it's really taking a stdp back and taking the time so that
:09:33. > :09:35.you don't rely on these automatic mental short cuts that we h`ve
:09:36. > :09:39.to assume that it's truthful, that we should be responding.
:09:40. > :09:41.If there's any pressure, it's probably not a good
:09:42. > :09:44.idea at all to respond to something straightaway.
:09:45. > :09:49.You don't realise you're being persuaded but you are.
:09:50. > :09:54.Yvonne will never get her ?30,000 back and Sandra -
:09:55. > :09:59.well, she's still ?59,000 out of pocket.
:10:00. > :10:05.And maybe, I suppose I'm very impressionable.
:10:06. > :10:13.But yeah, I felt it was foolproof while I was in it.
:10:14. > :10:17.And of course we'll continud our work exposing scammers who rip off
:10:18. > :10:26.Last year we brought you thd story of the Bournemouth-based
:10:27. > :10:29.phone company ripping off its customers.
:10:30. > :10:38.I paid for something which was no good and I was never able to use.
:10:39. > :10:40.The Telecom Protection Servhce was selling cold call
:10:41. > :10:43.blocking gadgets for 80 quid which didn't actually work.
:10:44. > :10:47.What you write on your website is wrong.
:10:48. > :10:55.That's the owner, who as well as previously being fined ?80,000
:10:56. > :11:01.by the Information Commissioner s office, was in court last wdek.
:11:02. > :11:04.The court heard how he had turned over nearly 1 million quid
:11:05. > :11:18.He was found guilty of two counts of fraudulent trading and hd's
:11:19. > :11:22.He was sentenced today to fhve years in prison.
:11:23. > :11:24.There's also an update on the no-show coach
:11:25. > :11:29.You owe them thousands of pounds and all you do
:11:30. > :11:34.The Traffic Commissioner's office has shut the door on Ricky Pal,
:11:35. > :11:38.Furious customers across thd South are unlikely to ever get a refund
:11:39. > :11:41.due to his massive debts, but today the code regulator
:11:42. > :11:47.Ricky is no longer able to operate a coach company as he has bden
:11:48. > :11:56.If I'm living in this space, what's it got to do with yot
:11:57. > :12:01.He's the owner of Winters Copse on the Isle of Wight and he ruffled
:12:02. > :12:04.a few feathers with his unipue approach to woodland managelent
:12:05. > :12:07.If they want to come around here and be friendly and sax hello,
:12:08. > :12:11.is it all right if I take the dog for a walk, then
:12:12. > :12:14.More than a year after servhng an enforcement notice,
:12:15. > :12:16.Isle of Wight Council finally took him to court.
:12:17. > :12:22.Mr Kirk was fined ?660 plus costs for failure to comply
:12:23. > :12:27.I know it doesn't look tidy but then again creative people
:12:28. > :12:36.Still to come, Juliette Sargent explores the gardens lovingly
:12:37. > :12:44.created by her horticultural heroines.
:12:45. > :12:46.Next, the clocks went back an hour at the weekend,
:12:47. > :12:49.meaning the nights are really drawing in, but how many tiles
:12:50. > :12:53.recently have you seen a cyclist on the road at night
:12:54. > :13:17.At Portsmouth's first ever glo-ride event
:13:18. > :13:22.I see it every day, I run every morning and I see people
:13:23. > :13:29.As a car driver you need people on a bike to have lights.
:13:30. > :13:33.They're running a risk in not having lights on.
:13:34. > :13:38.It's best to have lights so you can see them and you don't crash.
:13:39. > :13:42.Portsmouth has the highest casualty rate for cyclists outside London.
:13:43. > :13:47.At this time of year 55% of those happen after dark.
:13:48. > :13:50.You can't say these cyclists are hard to spot but if onlx
:13:51. > :13:54.A couple of nights later and the only flashing
:13:55. > :14:01.You don't have to say anythhng but anything you do say may
:14:02. > :14:07.Safety advice before sunset - and a 50 quid fine
:14:08. > :14:14.You're on a bike and you're not going to be very visible.
:14:15. > :14:22.I normally do but they brokd and normally when I get
:14:23. > :14:24.out of work it's light but I stayed late tonight.
:14:25. > :14:27.Between sunset and sunrise you should have your lights on.
:14:28. > :14:30.Why are you not riding with lights on?
:14:31. > :14:40.I will issue you a ticket for ? 0 but if you go and buy new lhghts
:14:41. > :14:47.in 28 days and prove they are fitted, we will not prosecute.
:14:48. > :14:50.Now of course, this is the point where all the cyclists are shouting
:14:51. > :14:52.at their screens that at this time of year
:14:53. > :14:54.the real problem is cars without their headlights
:14:55. > :14:58.Yes, that is an issue and it is illegal.
:14:59. > :15:01.But if you don't have lights in the first place
:15:02. > :15:12.You've got to go to the shop and buy some lights.
:15:13. > :15:15.You wouldn't jump in your c`r at night, turn the engine
:15:16. > :15:17.on and drive round the stredts without your lights on.
:15:18. > :15:21.They think because they can see other people, other people can see
:15:22. > :15:28.Most bikes sold in Germany and France come fitted with lights.
:15:29. > :15:38.Why don't bikes come with lhghts in this country?
:15:39. > :15:43.Why don't your bikes come with lights?
:15:44. > :15:50.Why don't bikes come with lights as standard?
:15:51. > :15:57.Few manufacturers want to p`ss on any additional expense
:15:58. > :16:03.But there is one French company which supplies all its UK
:16:04. > :16:11.They say the additional cost is about a quid.
:16:12. > :16:14.But as our roads get busier there's talk in the cycle industry
:16:15. > :16:17.of the need for lights even during the daytime.
:16:18. > :16:22.I think cyclists should be `s bright as possible at any time of day.
:16:23. > :16:26.When you're cycling along you have shade or bright lights,
:16:27. > :16:33.it can be quite blinding and you have a shade or tree cover.
:16:34. > :16:36.When that happens, if you are all wearing dark you could disappear
:16:37. > :16:40.into the background and limht your possibility of being seen.
:16:41. > :16:44.The consequences of motorists not seeing cyclists ? day or night
:16:45. > :16:56.On the way home from Portsmouth where he was in student digs,
:16:57. > :17:04.Sunny day, January, dry roads, good visibility and the driver
:17:05. > :17:07.behind the car that hit him saw him clearly.
:17:08. > :17:10.Will Houghton was only 20 when he died,
:17:11. > :17:15.knocked off his bike in Jantary this year near Wickham in Hampshhre.
:17:16. > :17:17.We don't want anybody to lose a child.
:17:18. > :17:29.But you've got a combination of factors.
:17:30. > :17:31.You've got more cyclists, which on the whole society
:17:32. > :17:40.You've got a trend for dark clothing, in cycling more
:17:41. > :17:48.I think there's a chance for all of us to think more
:17:49. > :17:51.about what we can do to be seen better.
:17:52. > :17:54.It doesn't really matter what the conditions are,
:17:55. > :18:00.As drivers we may think we are cocooned, but there `re other
:18:01. > :18:04.road users out there, pedestrians and cyclists.
:18:05. > :18:07.Will's family are now working with industry consultants
:18:08. > :18:11.to explore ways of making cyclists more visible.
:18:12. > :18:15.There are lights in the saddle posts, lights in pedals,
:18:16. > :18:20.lights attached to your rucksack so a range of kit out there,
:18:21. > :18:23.but the problem is you have to make it more affordable but also
:18:24. > :18:31.culturally acceptable and the norm for those to be used.
:18:32. > :18:34.Nearly a quarter of the cyclists stopped here by police
:18:35. > :18:40.All were given a temporary set to get them home.
:18:41. > :18:50.The consequences of not doing it are very big.
:18:51. > :18:52.But until attitudes change, both motorists and cyclists -
:18:53. > :18:57.there'll always be some willing to take a chance.
:18:58. > :18:59.Now, we'd love to hear your thoughts on that story,
:19:00. > :19:06.whether you are a motorist or cyclist, drop me an e-mahl.
:19:07. > :19:10.Now, it's 300 years since the birth of Britain's most famous
:19:11. > :19:13.landscape architect, Capability Brown.
:19:14. > :19:16.A good time for us to celebrate some of the lesser known women g`rdeners
:19:17. > :19:22.Juliet Sargeant goes in search of these gardening pioneers
:19:23. > :19:33.I'm a landscape designer but also a teacher.
:19:34. > :19:38.And today my classroom is a grade one listed garden,
:19:39. > :19:44.Opened by special request for these horticultural students from just
:19:45. > :19:58.You've got the surrounding lature trees, so that the upper level
:19:59. > :20:01.but then smaller trees and shrubs going down to the perennials,
:20:02. > :20:04.then when you're looking at flowers, don't just be seduced by thd colour,
:20:05. > :20:09.This is your chance to gathdr information you can keep for future
:20:10. > :20:16.reference but also use next week when we work together.
:20:17. > :20:20.As a gardener myself, I find this a magical place.
:20:21. > :20:23.And it was the home of one of England's most influenti`l garden
:20:24. > :20:32.Gertrude Jekyll started deshgning gardens in the late 19th century
:20:33. > :20:35.and the house was designed by the famous architect
:20:36. > :20:56.The tenants had heard nothing of Gertrude Jekyll so neither had we.
:20:57. > :21:00.I love sitting in the garden, I don't do gardening.
:21:01. > :21:04.Luckily head gardener Annabdl Watts does, and she's following some
:21:05. > :21:10.old planting plans to revivd Gertrude Jekyll's original designs.
:21:11. > :21:13.Do you try to stick to her vision of the garden?
:21:14. > :21:21.For instance I can't have phnk foxgloves in the garden.
:21:22. > :21:24.We've got just white ones here and the only
:21:25. > :21:26.way to keep them full of these flowers is to remove
:21:27. > :21:30.all the pink ones and you h`ve to be quite ruthless with that.
:21:31. > :21:38.This has caught my eye and we need to remove it.
:21:39. > :21:42.People are horrified when I do this but it needs to be done.
:21:43. > :21:47.I wonder what my students are making of Annabelle's no messing policy
:21:48. > :22:05.It's interesting how she usdd her colour palette, she has these dots
:22:06. > :22:07.of colours but it's never overtaking the green,
:22:08. > :22:11.It's a privilege to come here, it's lovely planting and thd way
:22:12. > :22:14.the team are working on restoring what she wanted this place
:22:15. > :22:17.Gertrude Jekyll sowed the sded for women in horticulture
:22:18. > :22:20.to be taken seriously, which was a very good thing
:22:21. > :22:21.because at Waterperry in Oxfordshire, Beatrix Havdrgal
:22:22. > :22:27.Beatrix Havergal followed Gertrude Jekyll.
:22:28. > :22:30.She trained originally at Thatcham ladies college and came
:22:31. > :22:35.to Waterperry in 1932 to st`rt a school of horticulture for women.
:22:36. > :22:38.Miss Havergal had a formidable reputation.
:22:39. > :22:43.She was scary because she dhd believe strongly and passionately
:22:44. > :22:46.in what she was doing and the good for people
:22:47. > :22:57.You could see in her eyes, she was a kind lady.
:22:58. > :22:59.There are many stories of Miss Havergal and sometiles
:23:00. > :23:04.you feel a bit sad as they seem on the harsh side.
:23:05. > :23:06.One of those stories involvds children's favourite,
:23:07. > :23:09.He lived just a few miles away in Great Missenden.
:23:10. > :23:11.Famously, of course, writing in the shed
:23:12. > :23:19.I think he was quite taken `back by her and how passionate she was.
:23:20. > :23:24.Legend here has it he once sought some advice from Beatrix Havergal
:23:25. > :23:30.on what to do with that famous garden.
:23:31. > :23:34.Some people have linked her to one of Roald Dahl's characters.
:23:35. > :23:36.Even Roald Dahl says he took his characters
:23:37. > :23:41.Eventually, after a little nudge, Rob reveals the character who just
:23:42. > :23:45.might have been inspired by Beatrix Havergal.
:23:46. > :23:54.But one young woman very happy to be a pupil of Miss Havergal's
:23:55. > :23:59.was Mary Spiller, who came to Waterperry in 1942.
:24:00. > :24:02.When you were leaving school at 18 you had three choices -
:24:03. > :24:07.a secretary, a teacher or a nurse and I didn't want any of those.
:24:08. > :24:14.And an outdoor life was defhnitely what Mary her fellow students got.
:24:15. > :24:19.We felt we were pioneers in pushing women forward.
:24:20. > :24:28.This was Miss Havergal's desire that women should be recognised.
:24:29. > :24:33.And Mary was recognised, becoming the first ever wom`n
:24:34. > :24:38.Well, we've had a really terrible winter but not
:24:39. > :24:44.We have some gorgeous pussy willows here, making us think
:24:45. > :24:53.Mary worked here at Waterperry for 50 years, spending 15 of them
:24:54. > :24:59.Following in her footsteps now is a local girl
:25:00. > :25:05.One of the main features tended to by head gardener Pat Havdrs
:25:06. > :25:10.hasn't just stood the test of time - it's positively blossomed.
:25:11. > :25:13.The thing I'm most proud of here is the herbaceous border.
:25:14. > :25:17.It's such a beautiful border and trying to keep it flowering
:25:18. > :25:21.from April to October is quite a challenge.
:25:22. > :25:25.We do still do some of the tasks miss this have goal would h`ve
:25:26. > :25:31.Staking with hazel, tying up the delphiniums,
:25:32. > :25:34.the planting is pretty much the same.
:25:35. > :25:37.If you did staking, Mrs Havergal would come
:25:38. > :25:45.and if there was an elbow, a part sticking out,
:25:46. > :25:48.she'd pull it out and throw it on the path so you knew
:25:49. > :25:55.Mary Spiller was by no means the only Oxfordshire student
:25:56. > :25:59.to go on and make her mark in horticultural history.
:26:00. > :26:05.And here, in this grand house where the Waterperry girls lived,
:26:06. > :26:13.I've managed to persuade Pat and Rob to dust it down
:26:14. > :26:21.I'm hoping it'll tell me a bit more about life here and how the role
:26:22. > :26:26.of women was changing in those war and post-war years.
:26:27. > :26:28.Horticultural training school for women.
:26:29. > :26:30.This looks like a real treasure trove.
:26:31. > :26:35.Every time we look at this there's something new.
:26:36. > :26:38.That's a picture of me taken by Valerie Finnis.
:26:39. > :26:46.So, who have we got in the middle here?
:26:47. > :26:51.Valerie Finnis is another of my gardening heroes.
:26:52. > :26:54.In her younger days at Waterperry, she wouldn't just grow and pack
:26:55. > :26:57.the strawberries bound for Oxford's covered market -
:26:58. > :27:03.she'd drive the truck there and back.
:27:04. > :27:04.She was also an accomplished photographer,
:27:05. > :27:08.though this one, of course, is of her in her latter years,
:27:09. > :27:14.Possibly the most famous gr`duates of Waterperry, though,
:27:15. > :27:19.are Pam Schwert and Sybil Kreutsberger.
:27:20. > :27:22.That's Sybil and that's Pam from Sissinghurst,
:27:23. > :27:25.known as the Sissinghurst ghrls and in my opinion the best
:27:26. > :27:31.gardeners of the last half of the last century.
:27:32. > :27:34.Box after box is revealing ` hidden history of what went on
:27:35. > :27:37.at Waterperry horticultural training school for women.
:27:38. > :27:40.A mini agricultural revolution, if you like.
:27:41. > :27:42.So many famous names who learnt their trade
:27:43. > :27:48.here in Oxfordshire and went on to shape the gardens of Dngland.
:27:49. > :27:54.And, it seems, once a gardener, always a gardener.
:27:55. > :27:57.You want to have your summer house up here cos you don't
:27:58. > :28:01.want to be just sitting at a yew hedge...
:28:02. > :28:15.You want to have it up here, so you're looking at the view.
:28:16. > :28:17.When are you coming back, then, Mary?
:28:18. > :28:24.That's it for now and also from the series.
:28:25. > :28:31.Keep in touch at InsideOutSouth and see you in the New Year.
:28:32. > :28:36.You can join in the convers`tion about tonight's show on Twitter
:28:37. > :28:42.We are already filming for the new series.
:28:43. > :28:49.We are back on your screens on January 16th 2016 with plenty
:28:50. > :28:52.We are back on your screens on January 16th 2017 with plenty
:28:53. > :29:04.more stories from across thd South so I will see you then.
:29:05. > :29:06.Hello, I'm Riz Lateef with your 90-second update.
:29:07. > :29:09.There'll be no public inquiry into police tactics at the Battle
:29:10. > :29:11.of Orgreave during the miners' strike in 1984.
:29:12. > :29:13.Ministers say it's because there were no deaths or
:29:14. > :29:17.Tomasz Kroker was looking at his mobile phone when his lorry
:29:18. > :29:20.careered into four cars in stationary traffic