:00:23. > :00:33.Hello and welcome to Birmingham, where tonight, we are on the trail
:00:33. > :00:39.of a notorious 19th century Brummie gang up. Also on the programme,
:00:39. > :00:43.seeking justice for Joanna. The parents of a murdered student
:00:44. > :00:48.returned to France 20 years after their daughter's death. In a way,
:00:48. > :00:58.it is my favourite place, because it is the place that brings be
:00:58. > :01:02.First tonight, we are off to Africa with the charity that turns
:01:02. > :01:12.unwanted medical drugs into potential life-savers. In the UK,
:01:12. > :01:12.
:01:12. > :01:21.the waist up to �800 million of medicine each year. -- we waste.
:01:21. > :01:28.Most end up in landfill, but some find their way to Malawi. They are
:01:28. > :01:32.worth as over here, but potential life-savers out in Africa. It is a
:01:32. > :01:36.crying shame, because the need is great in Africa and in the third
:01:37. > :01:42.world in general. People walk up to 30 miles to get these drugs
:01:42. > :01:49.delivered by a Midlands charity. B drugs we do not need a making a big
:01:49. > :01:54.difference in Malawi. 8,000 miles away, we are in the front line.
:01:54. > :01:59.This is how we get around in Malawi. It is not a in an appearance we
:01:59. > :02:07.would recognise at home, but we are bouncing about in the back of a
:02:07. > :02:12.pick-up truck. -- it is not an ambulance. People cycle for miles
:02:12. > :02:17.to get the medicines we take for granted. It is the basic medicines
:02:17. > :02:22.we are dealing with. If we can see -- keep sending them the basic
:02:22. > :02:30.medicines, we can make a difference. That includes painkillers that we
:02:30. > :02:35.pay pennies for. Also the cost per day's pay in Malawi, where life
:02:35. > :02:40.expectancy is 40. Our lives in a way are about novelty and
:02:40. > :02:45.stimulation, and hit it is about survival. We are in one of the
:02:45. > :02:50.poorest countries in the world here. Any medicines they can get are not
:02:50. > :03:00.going to be wasted in Malawi. you very much. That's great.
:03:00. > :03:07.Goodbye. John Graham is a volunteer, returning unused drugs from unused
:03:07. > :03:17.surgeries in -- from some surgeries in Loughborough. They are clearly
:03:17. > :03:17.
:03:18. > :03:27.needed in each clinic. They used them, and they save lives. Dot this
:03:27. > :03:32.comes rapidly in Africa. Our first stop is Nazama. It is near the
:03:32. > :03:40.Mozambique border. We will do this one, because they have not got any
:03:40. > :03:46.collectors city. There is a power cut. There is a power cut most days.
:03:46. > :03:50.Why do get more patients in October and November? It is because of the
:03:50. > :03:58.brain season. And we get more malaria. We used the camera like to
:03:58. > :04:05.look around. It is a bit different to a labour ward in the UK! Refined
:04:05. > :04:15.three women about to give birth. Two have walked from Mozambique.
:04:15. > :04:20.
:04:20. > :04:30.This is made by Lutterworth Rotary Club. an these people would give
:04:30. > :04:31.
:04:31. > :04:37.A warehouse near Leicester is the hub for Intercare. It is staffed by
:04:37. > :04:43.volunteers, including pharmacists and doctors. A charity that exists
:04:43. > :04:49.because a couple of Leicester GPs back in the 1970s realised how
:04:49. > :04:54.stupid it is to throat reusable drugs of way. It is a crying shame,
:04:54. > :04:57.because the need is as great as ever in Africa and in the Third
:04:57. > :05:03.World in general. Here we are, in England, not looking at this
:05:03. > :05:09.subject closely enough to see whether we can be useful enough to
:05:09. > :05:18.other people in need. Intercare sent trucks took six of Africa's
:05:18. > :05:23.Bora -- poorest companies. Direct mean they are posted to an
:05:23. > :05:30.individual, to make sure they are right. Some walk 45: It has to be
:05:31. > :05:39.treated at his clinic. Alan and Carol have arrived. -- 45
:05:39. > :05:42.kilometres. When they come and they see the need that is there, the
:05:42. > :05:48.purpose of the visit is to assess whether the right drugs are being
:05:48. > :05:53.sent. What would it be like if you did not get that assistance?
:05:53. > :05:59.disaster. Because if you visit the hospital, you can see the people
:05:59. > :06:09.who are coming. If you do not have the medicines, we just stay at home.
:06:09. > :06:13.
:06:13. > :06:16.We head north to Malawi's second city, Blantyre. Nearby is St
:06:16. > :06:22.Joseph's at Limbe. It is a big hospital. Unsurprisingly, they do
:06:22. > :06:32.not have enough trucks. Do you also do prescriptions for outpatients?
:06:32. > :06:33.
:06:34. > :06:39.Yes, the out-patient's department. This mother is lacking in energy,
:06:39. > :06:43.and sucking on nut solution. Her baby is tiny, perhaps to tiny, we
:06:43. > :06:49.are told, to survive. It is heartbreaking. I have found myself
:06:50. > :06:56.in tears many times in Africa. And in situations like that little baby,
:06:56. > :07:02.they bring might -- bring me to tears on a regular basis. Even in
:07:02. > :07:07.less rural areas, poor nutrition, malaria and AIDS all contribute to
:07:07. > :07:12.a high mortality rate between -- among young children. Just because
:07:12. > :07:19.one is a lot bigger but then the other, there is a wider degree of
:07:19. > :07:27.services, it does not mean that they are catering to very real
:07:27. > :07:34.needs. Another day bouncing down the dusty road. This time to the
:07:34. > :07:42.isolated Namulenga. How are you? I'm good! And you? Here, there is a
:07:42. > :07:52.small medical centre of wasting a rush of patients -- a waiting by a
:07:52. > :08:07.
:08:07. > :08:13.There is a community here, a school, It is a powerful welcome from the
:08:13. > :08:18.autumn's at best orphanage. -- the orphans. At this place, there is no
:08:18. > :08:25.government help for the sick. wish Intercare all the best,
:08:25. > :08:35.because they have saved our lives. So, Intercare, you have to keep it
:08:35. > :08:36.
:08:36. > :08:41.Alan and Carol spent two weeks on the road is in the hospital's
:08:41. > :08:47.Intercare supplier with vital drugs. Intercare isn't sending more
:08:47. > :08:57.medicines than ever before. Over a 38 years, we have sent �10 million
:08:57. > :09:00.
:09:00. > :09:09.worth of drugs. Most of the Yet Intercare only uses a fraction
:09:09. > :09:14.of the medicines that are we buried in landfill or burn in incinerators.
:09:14. > :09:24.The need is very dramatic. We couldn't do all we can, but we can
:09:24. > :09:28.
:09:28. > :09:34.do so much more if we get more And you can find out more about the
:09:34. > :09:40.work of Intercare on our face put paid, and he can talk to us on
:09:40. > :09:45.Twitter using the hashtag #insideout. Still to come, the
:09:45. > :09:53.leading role that the Peaky Blinders played in Birmingham's
:09:53. > :09:57.dark history. Gang warfare was the number one thing that was holding
:09:57. > :10:05.Birmingham back. The whole city was surrounded by this violent street
:10:05. > :10:08.culture. In May 1990, Joanna Parrish, a young student from
:10:08. > :10:16.Gloucestershire, was murdered in France. No one has ever been
:10:16. > :10:20.convicted of her killing, but now a fresh investigation has uncovered a
:10:20. > :10:27.new suspect. We followed it her parents back to France in their
:10:27. > :10:31.search for new answers. The question of who murdered Joanna
:10:31. > :10:37.Parrish has altered her parents for 20 years. Tonight, we followed them
:10:37. > :10:42.back to France on an emotional journey. It is very hard. It is
:10:42. > :10:46.like saying to Joanna that we are thinking of her. There is Aysgarth
:10:46. > :10:53.-- startling discovery about new evidence. I cannot believe it. It
:10:53. > :10:58.sounds almost as if they could have been a lead 20 years ago. -- there
:10:58. > :11:08.could have been a lead. We have been trying to visit the
:11:08. > :11:10.
:11:10. > :11:15.Pauline and Roger are planning one heading to France. It is difficult.
:11:15. > :11:21.My stomach has already started churning. I think when I get there,
:11:21. > :11:26.I will be fine. If they note he we are, they may make a little bit
:11:26. > :11:32.more effort. We don't know how we are going to feel. It will stick
:11:32. > :11:36.with us, and always will do. We do get apprehensive and nervous, and
:11:36. > :11:41.worried that we are going to meet people at certain times. That comes
:11:41. > :11:46.into it. But we feel that we have got to do it, and that is one of
:11:46. > :11:56.the reasons why the investigators - - the investigation has remained
:11:56. > :11:56.
:11:56. > :11:59.The investigation has been hit by a catalogue of errors. This summer
:11:59. > :12:02.French investigators announced they are now considering a new suspect
:12:02. > :12:06.for Joanna's murder. He has only been identified so far as TV. Roger
:12:06. > :12:08.and Pauline are off to France to find out more and see if any
:12:08. > :12:12.progress can be made. Joanna Parrish was on a university
:12:12. > :12:15.placement in Auxerre as a teaching assistant. Weeks before she was due
:12:15. > :12:19.to go home, she placed an advert in the local newspaper offering
:12:19. > :12:29.English lessons. On 16th May, 1990, she was seen in the centre of
:12:29. > :12:31.
:12:31. > :12:34.Auxerre waiting to meet someone who had answered the advert. The next
:12:34. > :12:37.morning, her body was found four miles away in the River Yonne. She
:12:37. > :12:40.had been raped and strangled. 22 years later and Joanna's parents
:12:40. > :12:44.stare into the same stretch of water where their daughter was
:12:44. > :12:54.found. In a way, it is my favourite place because it is the one that
:12:54. > :12:57.
:12:57. > :13:02.brings me closer to Jo, I think. We know that she was here. And I just
:13:02. > :13:06.sort of feel I want her to know that we have come back. Obviously
:13:06. > :13:09.we do not come very often. It is not like somewhere in your own
:13:09. > :13:15.country where you can keep revisiting. To me, it is very, very
:13:15. > :13:18.important. It is the one that hurts the most. It is a bit like the
:13:18. > :13:24.sunshine that you probably don't know about.... But the sunshine,
:13:24. > :13:31.when the sun shines, Jo is there. I have a sudden warm feeling that I
:13:31. > :13:34.can feel her with me. Despite the police announcement earlier this
:13:34. > :13:44.year of a new lead, the serial killer Michel Fourniret and his
:13:44. > :13:45.
:13:45. > :13:48.wife Monique Oliver still remain the chief suspects. Oliver once
:13:48. > :13:53.confessed to Jo's murder but later retracted it. Back in 1990, they
:13:53. > :13:57.often stayed close to where Jo lived. It is a place where Jo was
:13:57. > :14:05.happy during her time. Since then, Pauline and Roger have made strong
:14:05. > :14:09.links with the town and many friends. It is great to see you.
:14:09. > :14:16.This person was an English teacher at the same school as Jo. She was a
:14:16. > :14:21.lovely girl, very lively. Pretty too. That is the first time we came
:14:21. > :14:28.and Jo was there. We arrived very late. Yes. His head came out the
:14:28. > :14:31.window at the top. Where have you been? The dinner is in the oven.
:14:31. > :14:40.After Jo was murdered, we learnt a lot of ghastly things of all the
:14:40. > :14:48.affairs... The cases that had happened in Auxerre. This is not
:14:48. > :14:51.easy to think about. This man is a campaigner for justice who has
:14:51. > :14:56.already successfully helped convict another serial killer when the
:14:56. > :15:00.local police were reluctant to investigate. He understands just
:15:00. > :15:02.how frustrated Pauline and Roger are with their fight. The people
:15:02. > :15:10.responsible for investigating these crimes, the examining magistrates,
:15:10. > :15:19.the prosecutors, the gendarmerie, the police... They cannot escape
:15:19. > :15:25.criticism. TRANSLATION: I think that Roger and Pauline have a lot
:15:25. > :15:30.of courage as things have taken far too long. Many lines of inquiry
:15:30. > :15:33.should have already been investigated. Pauline and Roger
:15:33. > :15:38.have travelled from Auxerre to Paris to meet with their legal team
:15:38. > :15:41.to find out more about the suspect known only as TV. He is currently
:15:41. > :15:45.in prison for rape and was living in Auxerre at the time of Jo's
:15:45. > :15:48.murder. TV's former partner told the police that at around the time
:15:48. > :15:53.of the murder he came home with scratches on his face and a bag
:15:53. > :15:59.similar to the one Jo had with her. But it appears this is not new
:15:59. > :16:09.information. Do you mean this woman had mentioned it before? He was
:16:09. > :16:15.taken in 1992 for rape. She made a statement at the time. The police
:16:15. > :16:25.told her that everything was finished. In a statement, nothing
:16:25. > :16:25.
:16:25. > :16:29.to find. For Roger and Pauline, it is a shocking revelation. I am very
:16:29. > :16:34.frustrated course. If the new lead had been investigated 20 years
:16:34. > :16:36.earlier, we might not be in this position. It is just another
:16:36. > :16:40.example of things not being investigated properly and
:16:40. > :16:47.officially. It would be nice to think that we are going to get some
:16:47. > :16:54.more knowledge or whatever of either the new league or the old
:16:54. > :17:00.serial-killer lead. I am nearly 70 now. Final stop for Roger and
:17:00. > :17:05.Pauline, Paris where the new exam and a magistrate for the case has
:17:05. > :17:12.agreed to meet them. -- examining magistrate. A bit nervous. They are
:17:12. > :17:16.meeting with her lawyer behind closed doors. The magistrate will
:17:16. > :17:21.oversee the new investigation, an opportunity for real progress, it
:17:21. > :17:24.is hope. As Roger and Pauline emerged, all is not well. When we
:17:24. > :17:33.mentioned the name of the serial killer and his wife who we are
:17:33. > :17:38.still deeply suspicious about, she seemed to be willing to dismiss
:17:39. > :17:42.their possible involvement in Jo's case. We had to make it absolutely
:17:42. > :17:46.clear that despite the fact this was a new league which is
:17:46. > :17:51.interesting and we want it to be followed up, there is no possible
:17:51. > :17:56.way we feel that the other lead involving the serial killer and his
:17:56. > :18:03.wife should be dismissed or even put on the back-burner. I am so
:18:03. > :18:06.pleased we came. Had we not, they would have tried to close the case.
:18:06. > :18:10.The lawyer fought for the investigation to be kept open and
:18:10. > :18:14.police the French justice system has let Roger and Pauline down in
:18:14. > :18:18.the past. Despite a number of requests, no one from the Paris
:18:18. > :18:21.public prosecutor's office would speak to the BBC. With a new
:18:21. > :18:25.suspect being investigated for other crimes, this could prolong
:18:25. > :18:29.the process for Roger and Pauline. Their resolve to get justice is
:18:29. > :18:34.still strong despite the 22 years that have passed since their
:18:34. > :18:38.daughter's death. You are watching Inside Out in the
:18:38. > :18:48.West Midlands. If you have a story you think we should be covering,
:18:48. > :18:55.
:18:55. > :19:01.drop me any now. -- and email. Backing the 1890s, a and called the
:19:01. > :19:11.Peaky Blinders rose to Providence. We have been on the set of a new
:19:11. > :19:13.
:19:14. > :19:17.BBC drama which will bring them back to life. Birmingham, home to
:19:17. > :19:19.just over a million people. Like any city, it's had its fair share
:19:19. > :19:22.of troubles, some of which are about to become unmissable
:19:22. > :19:25.television. Welcome to 1920s Birmingham and the film set of
:19:25. > :19:32.Peaky Blinders, a drama all about one of the most violent gangs in
:19:32. > :19:36.Birmingham's history. You can see it on your TV later this year. I'm
:19:36. > :19:39.here to find out what it is about this part of Birmingham's dark past
:19:39. > :19:49.that will make great television and how they've used the facts to
:19:49. > :19:54.
:19:54. > :20:01.create fiction. Little snapshots stories. It was not a whole saga. I
:20:01. > :20:06.just got snapshots, visual images, of what life was like in the 20s
:20:06. > :20:12.where there were people operating who were very well dressed, who
:20:12. > :20:17.were often armed. In that world of poverty, they stood out and they
:20:17. > :20:20.were folk heroes in the area. According to Birmingham folklore,
:20:20. > :20:24.the Peaky Blinders got their name by concealing razor blades in the
:20:24. > :20:27.peaks of their caps and using them as weapons. It's a story that
:20:27. > :20:33.screenwriter Steven Knight heard while he was growing up. I started
:20:33. > :20:36.to delve a little deeper and do some research about it. It takes a
:20:36. > :20:41.lot of delving to find these stories, the stories of the gangs
:20:41. > :20:44.and how they operated. There was a gang called the Brummigian Boys run
:20:44. > :20:49.by a character called Billy Kimber. They really were the dominating
:20:49. > :20:53.force in all of this. You see this potential for fiction sitting there
:20:53. > :21:03.and it's on your doorstep and it's from snapshots of stories from your
:21:03. > :21:06.
:21:06. > :21:12.family... I just really wanted to tell the story. At the time people
:21:12. > :21:15.who will involve this type of thing... At the time, there was a
:21:15. > :21:18.gang called the Peaky Blinders. the story of the real Peaky
:21:18. > :21:23.Blinders began in the late 1800s. So why does this drama place them
:21:23. > :21:26.in the 1920s? When they were young tear-aways, and often they were
:21:26. > :21:29.very young, they were in their early teens when they were being
:21:29. > :21:35.arrested and doing what they were doing. They were like lawless
:21:35. > :21:42.youths on the street. They went away to war and when they came back
:21:42. > :21:45.they were still referred to locally as Peaky Blinders. So what we have
:21:45. > :21:55.is them grown up, gone to the trenches and being traumatised,
:21:55. > :21:57.
:21:57. > :22:04.come back damaged. This is when It's been fascinating watching how
:22:04. > :22:09.they put this drama together. But as we've said, it's based on real
:22:09. > :22:12.people. So, time to get back to Birmingham to find out a bit more
:22:12. > :22:16.about the real Peaky Blinders. Back then, England's second city was
:22:16. > :22:21.changing. The Industrial Revolution had meant the population was
:22:21. > :22:28.growing and thousands of people were moving here looking for work.
:22:28. > :22:37.It made it the perfect breeding- ground for violence. Gang warfare
:22:37. > :22:42.was the number-one thing that was holding Birmingham back. It was
:22:42. > :22:46.giving it a violent reputation. Thieves were carrying out on their
:22:46. > :22:51.work unhindered. The police were surrounded by this violent street
:22:51. > :22:53.culture. You need to dig deep to uncover this story. So Dr Philip
:22:53. > :22:56.Gooderson, a historian who's written a book about the teenage
:22:56. > :23:05.tear-aways, is taking me on a journey around some of the streets
:23:05. > :23:08.where it all began. I think it was a very exciting place to live,
:23:08. > :23:18.actually. In the 1870s, you've got a huge, booming economy, lots of
:23:18. > :23:20.
:23:20. > :23:25.metal industries and a contrast between two aspects of city life.
:23:25. > :23:32.You've got an area like this. This is where the money is being made,
:23:32. > :23:34.where all the work's being done. But you've got all these young
:23:35. > :23:44.people who, having been to the board schools that the chamberlains
:23:44. > :23:48.and the city fathers have set up, find they've not much to do. Once
:23:48. > :23:51.they have left school... There are no places for them to go. They're
:23:51. > :23:54.on the streets. They're a bit harassed by the police. They've got
:23:54. > :23:58.to find their own entertainments and they've got a bit of money in
:23:58. > :24:03.their pockets because a lot of them are straight into work. There's not
:24:03. > :24:08.much unemployment in the boom of the 1870s when this starts. And the
:24:08. > :24:15.term Peaky Blinder, where does that come from? Well, we're not really
:24:15. > :24:17.quite sure. The first sign of it is in 1890 when there's this gang in
:24:17. > :24:27.Adderley Street and they're called the Peaky Blinders Gang. That gang
:24:27. > :24:37.was led by Thomas Mucklow. In one early tale, they took exception to
:24:37. > :24:38.
:24:38. > :24:45.a teetotaler in their local pub after he ordered a ginger beer.
:24:45. > :24:53.They tripped him up. He came out quite rapidly and they followed him
:24:53. > :25:01.down the street. They caught him about here. And then? They set on
:25:01. > :25:07.him. They knocked him over and started kicking him. Then one of
:25:07. > :25:16.them hit him over the head with a heavy buckle. That was what really
:25:16. > :25:18.did the damage. He had a compound fracture of his skull. The fearsome
:25:18. > :25:23.name of the Peaky Blinders must have captured Birmingham's
:25:23. > :25:29.imagination. In the mid 1890s, Peaky Blinder became a general term
:25:29. > :25:34.that was used to describe all sorts of lawless youths. Henry Lightfoot
:25:34. > :25:38.was one such man. In fact, he's one of the first people that Birmingham
:25:38. > :25:41.Magistrates directly called a Peaky Blinder. We've managed to track
:25:41. > :25:51.down some of his family in Solihull and they've given us a fascinating
:25:51. > :25:54.
:25:54. > :25:56.insight into what happened to Henry. It is amazing what the documents
:25:56. > :25:59.show. Henry Lightfoot stole doorknobs, was sentenced to nine-
:25:59. > :26:06.months hard-labour and took part in violent assaults holding people
:26:06. > :26:10.down hitting them and kicking them. Yet he goes off to serve in the
:26:10. > :26:15.First World War, is wounded in the head, found buried in a trench for
:26:15. > :26:18.15 hours and came back a hero with medals. But in the late 1890s, long
:26:19. > :26:23.before the Great War, the city was still changing. New clubs for boys
:26:23. > :26:28.were opening and they were designed to keep them off the street. But
:26:28. > :26:30.the police still needed to get a grip on those lawless slums. In
:26:31. > :26:40.1899, a new chief constable arrived from Ireland, Charles Haughton
:26:41. > :26:42.
:26:42. > :26:48.Rafter. We know that Rafter went on holiday to Ireland in 1901. There
:26:48. > :26:53.is evidence, but no proof, that he went on a recruiting drive. It's
:26:53. > :26:59.recorded, "Can you read? Can you write? Can you fight?" That's what
:26:59. > :27:03.he was asking the large Irish men. If you could, they were recruited
:27:03. > :27:13.into Birmingham Police. They came back over here and patrolled Summer
:27:13. > :27:14.
:27:15. > :27:17.Lane in threes and quickly cleared it up. There you have it the
:27:17. > :27:26.little-known story of the Peaky Blinders, gang warfare in 19th
:27:26. > :27:30.century Birmingham. You can see why it'll make great television. One of
:27:30. > :27:34.the reasons for doing this is because it is a sort of secret
:27:34. > :27:40.history. I think the English are not good at mythologising their
:27:40. > :27:49.past like the Americans. So far it has gone down well. We have got a
:27:49. > :27:51.fantastic cast. We've got Cillian Murphy, Sam Neil & Helen McCrory.
:27:51. > :27:54.Really great actors who were attracted by the material and
:27:54. > :27:58.attracted by the world. I really want people, especially in the
:27:58. > :28:02.first ten minutes, to go, "This is Birmingham? My God." It's not what
:28:03. > :28:05.you're expecting. I think that if you were to travel in time and go
:28:06. > :28:13.back to Birmingham in those days, you would be shocked at what's
:28:13. > :28:23.there and the stories that are there. I just find it a vivid,
:28:23. > :28:24.
:28:24. > :28:33.But is it for tonight. Do not forget, you can find more
:28:33. > :28:39.information on our Facebook page. From Birmingham, good night.
:28:39. > :28:45.Coming next week: revisit the village where the locals fought to