:00:00. > :00:00.come. We will be back with the weather
:00:00. > :00:00.shortly. Now it's time for this week's Meet the Author with Nick
:00:07. > :00:09.Higham. Herbert Chapman was the Alex
:00:10. > :00:14.Ferguson of his day, a football manager whose team was admired and
:00:15. > :00:20.feared in equal measure. Manager of Arsenal from 1925 until his death 50
:00:21. > :00:25.years ago in January 1934, he won the FA Cup and two league titles.
:00:26. > :00:31.They won more in the years following for. Before that he had done the
:00:32. > :00:38.same at Huddersfield Town. Now Patrick Barclay has written a
:00:39. > :00:46.biography. It is about the man who has some claim to be the first truly
:00:47. > :00:51.modern football manager. Patrick, you have subtitled this
:00:52. > :00:55.book the story of one of football's most influential figures. How
:00:56. > :01:00.influential was Herbert Chapman and in what way? In every way. First of
:01:01. > :01:07.all in terms of the power of the manager. There was no such power,
:01:08. > :01:16.not in an employee of a club until him. Really he made the template
:01:17. > :01:21.from which Sir Alex Ferguson 's -- Sir Alex Ferguson and Arsene Wenger
:01:22. > :01:26.Agathe, that is no exaggeration. Apart from anything else he held the
:01:27. > :01:31.cheque-book. Yes, he did not quite hold it but they allowed him to
:01:32. > :01:37.spend money. He spent money not only on playing staff but on, he would
:01:38. > :01:41.dictate the spending of money on facilities and he did that right
:01:42. > :01:45.from the early start of his career and he insisted that at Northampton
:01:46. > :01:48.Town, the first Mac -- the first club badly managed, they should
:01:49. > :01:56.upgrade their dressing rooms and their stadium. He even insisted the
:01:57. > :02:02.press box should be improved but that habit has gone into abeyance.
:02:03. > :02:05.It is an exaggeration to say he introduced teamwork as a concept but
:02:06. > :02:15.he developed teamwork into something that you can see now.
:02:16. > :02:19.Counterattack. Attack was a question of floods of attack before him but
:02:20. > :02:24.he realised if you wait and draw the other team forward then you will
:02:25. > :02:29.have more space into which to poor. Even that now is a central tenet of
:02:30. > :02:34.every coach's plan and he was the first person to do it. The man
:02:35. > :02:39.himself, I have been for sitting around in the archives and there is
:02:40. > :02:43.footage of him talking. I must apologise this morning, I am so
:02:44. > :02:50.husky that I can scarcely speak about my deputy will perform. He
:02:51. > :02:55.doesn't seem, introducing the team there, to be a man of immense
:02:56. > :02:59.charisma or personality but evidently he must have been. He was
:03:00. > :03:05.being polite for the cameras, I think, and ever so slightly
:03:06. > :03:11.self-effacing. He was a very, very strong man. He was not a strident
:03:12. > :03:15.man. He was not like Sir Alex Ferguson but he was strong in other
:03:16. > :03:21.ways. He rolls partly through fear and partly through, and this is a
:03:22. > :03:27.word used about him more than any other, taxed. It is very difficult
:03:28. > :03:31.from old newsreel to tell what manner of team he played. There is
:03:32. > :03:35.footage from Arsenal meeting Huddersfield in the 1930 cup final
:03:36. > :03:43.and it is all men in long shorts running around on grey grass. In
:03:44. > :03:47.this cup final the Graf Zeppelin offered an alternative attraction as
:03:48. > :03:58.it flew over. What does it say about his approach as a tactician beyond
:03:59. > :04:03.the appreciation of counterattack? Even the super decay that Arsenal
:04:04. > :04:07.had which was lucky Arsenal tells its own story. They would appear to
:04:08. > :04:14.not be attacking very much in matches and then you looked at the
:04:15. > :04:21.scoreboard and it said Arsenal four, Sunderland zero. You can see in
:04:22. > :04:30.certain clips, the second goal in the cup final, the cobra like
:04:31. > :04:34.counterattacking, that was probably something that only Arsenal fans
:04:35. > :04:40.found it exciting. It is different from the team of today. They were
:04:41. > :04:43.just Heartbreakers. They would lull you into a false sense of security
:04:44. > :04:47.and then hit so hard on the break you would not know how you have lost
:04:48. > :04:51.but you had just lost. It was extraordinary that the tactic worked
:04:52. > :04:55.for so long. It did not always work. At Huddersfield Town they won
:04:56. > :05:01.the cup and the league twice but they also suffered some terrible
:05:02. > :05:07.droppings such as a 5-0 defeat to Preston before they beat him in the
:05:08. > :05:13.cup. He joined Arsenal in 1925 and he said he needed five years. At one
:05:14. > :05:20.point they went down 7-0 to Newcastle. Why wasn't he fired? The
:05:21. > :05:27.7-0 in Newcastle was too early in his reign. Of course it also was the
:05:28. > :05:32.scene of a change in tactics that changed everything. Newcastle had
:05:33. > :05:37.been toying with a third defender. Now sometimes teams defend with five
:05:38. > :05:43.or even nine defenders but the idea of a third defender was only just
:05:44. > :05:48.coming in then. Basically the Arsenal success can be traced from
:05:49. > :05:52.then. They played that backline game better than anybody had ever done
:05:53. > :05:58.before and better than a lot of teams have done since. They won the
:05:59. > :06:03.cup under Chapman and two leagues. Yes, after five years. It was
:06:04. > :06:06.exactly as predicted. He borrowed the idea of a five-year plan from
:06:07. > :06:12.Josef Stalin and perhaps made it work in a more humane way. Chapman
:06:13. > :06:18.died young and early, he was 56. Yes, just before his 56th birthday,
:06:19. > :06:24.she got pneumonia and died but they went on winning after that. You can
:06:25. > :06:28.see the legacy of him, there was a bust of him in the stand and
:06:29. > :06:32.tremendous facilities, treatment rooms and a training regime and
:06:33. > :06:36.footage of it survives from after his death. Yes, you can feel him
:06:37. > :06:42.still even in the Emirates Stadium. They have moved way is still there.
:06:43. > :06:48.I am not just being romantic by saying that. His players are in huge
:06:49. > :06:54.murals on the outside of the stadium. The club is still his club.
:06:55. > :07:02.He died and there was a tremendous funeral and his successor, George
:07:03. > :07:09.Allison, gave a eulogy. At Highbury, the home -- the whole of
:07:10. > :07:15.the playing staff and the ground staff call him the bus. So, he died
:07:16. > :07:20.and then the team went on winning. There was clearly a legacy at
:07:21. > :07:25.Arsenal. In general, and football in large -- in football at large, what
:07:26. > :07:30.was his legacy? For many years England stood alone, Britain stood
:07:31. > :07:40.alone, in that it had these... Somewhere martinet but they were
:07:41. > :07:44.despotic managers and if they wanted the training ground painted lilac it
:07:45. > :07:50.would be painted lilac. Every part of the club was theirs and Chapman
:07:51. > :07:54.invented that. British coaches, or managers, we even have a different
:07:55. > :07:57.name for them, here they're called managers and abroad they are called
:07:58. > :08:03.coaches, they have all been different because of Chapman. He was
:08:04. > :08:10.the man that designed everything. Thank you very much indeed. Thank
:08:11. > :08:13.you. Good evening. Under starry skies
:08:14. > :08:18.through the night ahead it is going to be much colder than recent
:08:19. > :08:23.nights. Warnings that from The Met office already warning of ice
:08:24. > :08:25.because it has been so wet recently. Without widespread frost in the