:00:12. > :00:15.Tomorrow we shall see what David Cameron can do to get some zip back
:00:15. > :00:21.into his Government. Could the first planned reshuffle of his time
:00:21. > :00:25.in Number Ten, also be his last before the election. Our political
:00:25. > :00:30.editor is here. We are expecting jobs for a lot of
:00:30. > :00:33.new MPs, and a healthy amount of women, could it be the line up that
:00:33. > :00:38.keeps Cameron in power. Time to shake up the political
:00:39. > :00:43.panel and see if the summer holiday has harpened their brains.
:00:43. > :00:48.everybody needs to be asked. Politicians on both right and left
:00:48. > :00:54.make idiots of themselves over rape. Why has this crime suddenly become
:00:54. > :00:57.so contentious? We will hear from the feminist writer, Naomi Woolf.
:00:57. > :01:02.When street protests brought down the Mubarak dictatorship, Britain
:01:02. > :01:05.Prom my to do all in its power to chase down and return to Egypt
:01:05. > :01:08.money the regime had stolen. A Newsnight investigation has
:01:08. > :01:13.discovered a great chasam between words and deeds.
:01:13. > :01:18.Why has Britain been so slow to trace the rest of the money?
:01:18. > :01:28.Its apparent inaction proved by developments Newsnight was able to
:01:28. > :01:28.
:01:29. > :01:32.obtain within minutes on-line. These are not good days for an
:01:32. > :01:36.ambitious MP to drop his or her phone down the loo, ob to be
:01:36. > :01:39.separated from it at all. The Government remuffle which has been
:01:40. > :01:44.talked about all summer is finally upon us. Details are beginning to
:01:44. > :01:48.emerge tonight. David Cameron has, of course, decided nothing to base
:01:48. > :01:51.as winning the election will be a consideration. Unless he's suddenly
:01:51. > :01:55.gone deaf, he must know there are plenty of his own backbenchers who
:01:55. > :01:59.think it is way time he got a grip and changed direction.
:01:59. > :02:07.First, tonight, our political editor looks at what they think he
:02:07. > :02:11.ought to do. Politicians waited today for the
:02:11. > :02:16.Prime Minister's first reshuffle. Promotion or demotion, but
:02:16. > :02:21.certainly commotion in Westminster. Away from the hand wringing, hand-
:02:21. > :02:25.me-downs and handbags were on offer down the road in south Kensington,
:02:25. > :02:29.in auction, at Christie's, Margaret Thatcher's outfits went on sale.
:02:29. > :02:32.Some of David Cameron's critics think her heir could do worse. This
:02:32. > :02:36.reshuffle has to I a dress Cameron's twin problems of party
:02:36. > :02:39.management and policy drift. Party management would suggest he recruit
:02:39. > :02:41.some of those truer blue right-wing Conservatives to positions of
:02:42. > :02:46.responsibility within the party. And policy direction would suggest
:02:46. > :02:49.some of those radical ideas of both the new intake and actually the old.
:02:49. > :02:54.Radical, right-wing, call it what you will, but many say the time has
:02:54. > :02:58.come for those twin set and pearls. Today the pressure came from
:02:58. > :03:02.someone with working knowledge of both Margaret Thatcher and David
:03:02. > :03:06.Cameron. David Davis, Cameron's rival for the party leadership,
:03:06. > :03:09.speaking at a think-tank, from Thatcher's day. When Margaret
:03:09. > :03:14.Thatcher's Government stopped the steady decline of the British
:03:14. > :03:18.economy, that decline, thought to be inevitable at the time, we
:03:18. > :03:24.forget some of the apparently very risky things she did. So what
:03:24. > :03:30.should we do about it? Let's start with the easy part, no new taxes.
:03:30. > :03:39.And yes, Mr Clegg, I am talking to you. The Government actually needs
:03:39. > :03:45.a coherent, long-term strategy for genuinely lower, flatter taxes.
:03:46. > :03:50.He's in a really bad place. He needs a 7-10% poll lead to form a
:03:51. > :03:54.majority Conservative Government after the next election. It doesn't
:03:54. > :04:00.look like there is any chance of doing that on current trends. They
:04:00. > :04:02.have to have a message of the kind of blue collar, northern, Midlands
:04:02. > :04:07.voters, who Margaret Thatcher managed, at least in the Midlands,
:04:07. > :04:10.to keep on her side for three elections. He certainly has to
:04:10. > :04:14.listen to what some of the wiser heads in his party are he will
:04:14. > :04:17.iting him. That means a radical recasting of the cabinet, getting
:04:17. > :04:20.his whips' office in order in the Commons, and getting political
:04:20. > :04:25.focus and direction into Downing Street. The Prime Minister is said
:04:25. > :04:27.to be alert to all of this, and it is partly why this evening it is a
:04:27. > :04:31.racing certainty International Development Secretary, Andrew
:04:31. > :04:35.Mitchell, who ran David Davis's campaign, will move to become Chief
:04:35. > :04:39.Whip. It is partly why ministers, like Northern Ireland Secretary,
:04:39. > :04:43.Owen Paterson, Employment Minister, Chris Grayling, and the current
:04:43. > :04:49.deputy fair chan, Michael Fallon, might all be in line for an
:04:49. > :04:53.elevation. The Republican conventions in
:04:53. > :04:58.America, and the democratic one this week are being watched, Young
:04:58. > :05:05.Conservatives are wondering if their leader will take a leaf out
:05:05. > :05:09.of Mitt Romney's book. He hired a young gun with controversial cuts
:05:09. > :05:14.to the state in his back pocket. It was controversial there, but some
:05:14. > :05:18.of our MPs have ideas similar. The Government is bringing forward
:05:18. > :05:22.an economic development bill in the next few days. Much is its own work,
:05:22. > :05:28.but some is heavily influenced by new intake Conservative MPs, a
:05:28. > :05:33.chunk of whom are due for promotion tomorrow. Liz Truss, in particular,
:05:33. > :05:39.is favourite, one of her ideas, already in the policy pot, is to
:05:39. > :05:44.deregulate the lower end of the labour market. Mini-jobs, pioneered
:05:44. > :05:48.in Germany, would exempt those from tax earning at least �300 a month.
:05:48. > :05:51.The Government will announce a further relaxation of planning
:05:51. > :05:54.regulation, to galvanise the economy. Something many new MPs
:05:54. > :06:00.have been pushing for. Another idea Hoveing into view, more air
:06:00. > :06:04.capacity in the south-east, again a hobby horse of David Cameron's 2010
:06:04. > :06:08.cohort, and something of a philosopher's stone, has gained
:06:08. > :06:12.ambassadors in the cabinet, watch out for Justine Greening, she is
:06:12. > :06:18.opposed to this. Of course the Prime Minister does not necessarily
:06:18. > :06:25.have to tackle any redirection in the shuffle. MPs close to him, such
:06:25. > :06:28.as Nick Boles would be in line for that. Whatever he does he has to do
:06:28. > :06:32.with the Liberal Democrats, he doesn't have the freedom of his
:06:32. > :06:35.backbenchers as he would like F growth is your number one think,
:06:35. > :06:38.then you move David Laws into a business department, you have to
:06:38. > :06:41.swallow your pride and give Vince Cable a big promotion, perhaps to
:06:41. > :06:46.Home Secretary. I would like to see him offer to make William Hague
:06:46. > :06:51.Party Chairman, which would go down very well with the members. He
:06:51. > :06:57.listens to William Hague. tonight a remind eark at the
:06:57. > :07:01.Paralympics of the -- reminder of the Paralympics of the Government's
:07:02. > :07:06.challenge. The first boos we have heard in the Paralympics stadium.
:07:06. > :07:13.Something else to set the scene a pledge Cameron made years ago, he
:07:13. > :07:19.said by the end of his parliament a third of ministers would be women,
:07:19. > :07:24.tomorrow may go some way to do it hope in the future that female
:07:24. > :07:30.outfits aren't such an awedity. -- odddy.
:07:30. > :07:40.We have our guests. We have allowed them to keep their phones switched
:07:40. > :07:44.on in case the Prime Minister rings. You haven't had a call? No. Have
:07:44. > :07:50.you had one? No, I must have blotted my copy book with the House
:07:50. > :07:56.of Lords reform, I don't expect one. First off, why is this reshuffle
:07:57. > :07:59.happening at all, other than as a reward for towedies? I think we --
:07:59. > :08:03.toadies? I think we ought to recognise that David Cameron did
:08:03. > :08:07.the right thing not to reshuffle when you in the media and others
:08:07. > :08:11.were prompting him to. He allowed his ministers to settle in to
:08:11. > :08:17.deliver the reforms, in welfare, education and healthcare. That was
:08:17. > :08:20.the right strategy. If I was an observer of how people manage an
:08:20. > :08:24.organisation, that is the right thing to do. We are to applaud the
:08:24. > :08:28.Prime Minister because he fails to succumb to media tittle tattle, we
:08:28. > :08:32.are supposed to applaud that are we? I'm applauding because he's a
:08:32. > :08:36.manager people, he allowed his ministers. What is to be achieved
:08:36. > :08:41.by the reshuffle? What is to be achieved by the reshuffle, is to
:08:41. > :08:48.make sure where we need to move people, promote people, there has
:08:48. > :08:52.been some fantastic backbenchers, you saw some of then on your list,
:08:52. > :08:57.Truss, and others, who have done a lot of the thinking for this
:08:57. > :09:07.Government, in the different plam fleds and think-tanks. You may life,
:09:07. > :09:10.
:09:10. > :09:14.but look at the mini-jobs idea, the idea to allow all sorts of things.
:09:14. > :09:18.There is talk that there is more talent on the backbenches than in
:09:18. > :09:21.Government? That is probably true, we won't find out for some time, he
:09:21. > :09:25.hasn't that many positions to fill. My concern is all the attention is
:09:25. > :09:28.on IRA shuffle, and we ought to be thinking about a re-think. That is
:09:28. > :09:33.my thing. Nothing will be achieved, simply by changing the personnel?
:09:34. > :09:38.Not at all. I want a re-think about where we are going, how we are
:09:38. > :09:42.going to achieve growth, how we are going to instill some demand into
:09:42. > :09:48.the economy. Then you slot people in, who are capable of creating
:09:48. > :09:52.those outcomes. But, of course, he's not actually a free agent in
:09:52. > :09:57.this matter? He ought to be a freer agent than he has proved to be.
:09:57. > :10:01.can't even reshuffle the whole of his cabinet, can he? Isn't that a
:10:01. > :10:06.sadness? The liberals are a very small minority of this Government.
:10:07. > :10:12.And many Conservatives believe that very often, too often, the tail has
:10:12. > :10:19.wagged the dog. I would want to see a bit more strength, a bit more
:10:19. > :10:25.leadership from David in that respect. Do you think that whatever
:10:25. > :10:29.this reshuffle is, that it is going to result in a change of direction?
:10:30. > :10:35.Absolutely not. If you look at what you have just been asking Brian
:10:35. > :10:38.about, what is this Government delivering? We have capped welfare
:10:38. > :10:42.at �26,000, that is a major step. We have tackled public sector
:10:43. > :10:46.pensions, another major step. We have tackled tuition fees, another
:10:46. > :10:49.major step. We didn't win the election outright. We are in
:10:49. > :10:52.coalition, yet we have delivered at lot of Conservative manifesto, we
:10:52. > :10:56.are going in the right direction, nobody said this would be easy.
:10:56. > :11:00.This is a long, hard road. I would rather have a leader who is honest
:11:01. > :11:03.with the public, and doesn't look at political expediency and winning
:11:03. > :11:07.elections, but says it is a long road, we will go beyond this
:11:07. > :11:14.parliament to try to fix the mess we inherited. This is what I'm
:11:14. > :11:17.doing to do it. Setting out his programme. Looking at departments
:11:17. > :11:22.that really need a change of personnel? The Treasury, the name
:11:22. > :11:25.of the game is growth, the name of the game of the economy. You want a
:11:25. > :11:29.new Chancellor of the Exchequer? have already said that. Other
:11:29. > :11:32.departments? I would put George as chairman, he has two jobs, let him
:11:32. > :11:36.concentrate on one, which is winning the next election, and
:11:36. > :11:41.bring, I would bring in Philip Hammond into the Treasury. A man
:11:41. > :11:44.who knows business, who has a safe pair of hands, and he's a good
:11:44. > :11:50.economy i. Any other departments needing a kick up the back side?
:11:50. > :11:54.That is up to David, I have my own views. I wouldn't go that far. I'm
:11:54. > :11:59.not overly happy with what Vince has done in business, that is up to
:11:59. > :12:03.Nick Clegg, sadly. He can't get rite of Vince Cable, can he?
:12:03. > :12:07.might change him for David Laws, who knows. Any other departments
:12:07. > :12:11.crying out for a change, Department for International Development, that
:12:11. > :12:16.is all we seem to know about? take Europe away from the Foreign
:12:16. > :12:21.Office, and put that into the Foreign Office. Which departments
:12:21. > :12:24.do you think need a kick up the back side? I think if you look at
:12:24. > :12:28.where we have done well, we have done well in education, welfare, we
:12:28. > :12:33.have done well in healthcare. These are areas we have done incredibly
:12:33. > :12:37.well in. There are three areas you think you have done well in? Look
:12:37. > :12:40.at the people in those jobs, look at the ministerial team that
:12:40. > :12:46.supports the cabinet, and promote people accordingly. It is not for
:12:46. > :12:49.me to sit here and speculate about which people he needs to move
:12:49. > :12:54.around. There is plenty of talent in the party. The one thing I can
:12:54. > :12:58.tell you is the Conservative Party, both backbench and front bench, is
:12:58. > :13:02.buzzing can ideas and talent. David Cameron is watching, he has
:13:02. > :13:07.the message of your intense loyalty, doubtless you have your phone on
:13:07. > :13:11.silent, but it will ring shortly. Which Government departments need a
:13:11. > :13:15.change at the top? If I was at the top I would have voted for change
:13:15. > :13:18.in the House of Lords, I made my position clear to David Cameron,
:13:18. > :13:21.and I held that position. All I would say is he's taking the tough
:13:21. > :13:26.decisions, this is really hard, it is very hard to govern at a time
:13:26. > :13:31.when there is no money around. are you shaking your head? Because
:13:31. > :13:36.we still have �125 billion deficit on our annual budget. Government
:13:36. > :13:39.spending is still increasing. We haven't cut the burden of the
:13:39. > :13:43.overmighty state. These are the areas we need to start working on.
:13:43. > :13:48.And secondly, we need to start putting some demand into the
:13:48. > :13:52.economy, we need to create a greater sense of well being, and it
:13:52. > :13:59.can be done without raising taxes. How many people like you feel like
:13:59. > :14:03.you in the backbenches? More than you would think? I don't know what
:14:03. > :14:07.I think. It could be you and a couple of drinking pals? I guess
:14:07. > :14:12.you think we are a minority, I'm telling you more people than that
:14:12. > :14:17.believe it is time for a sea change in terms of the direction of this
:14:17. > :14:22.Government. Is that the way you read it? I am aafraid, I have great
:14:22. > :14:27.respect for -- I am afraid, I have great respect for Brian, and he's a
:14:27. > :14:31.great businessman. That means he's barking up the wrong tree! He holds
:14:31. > :14:35.his position and robustly! decision of who keeps their job,
:14:35. > :14:40.who should lose their's, and who should be given a chance to appear
:14:40. > :14:45.on this programme defending the embarrassing U-turns he has made,
:14:45. > :14:49.has been made all the more difficult, because some of the MPs
:14:49. > :14:54.David Cameron wishes had never been elected are in his cabinet, namely
:14:54. > :14:58.those Liberal Democrats. Our political editor is here. What's
:14:58. > :15:05.happening? You suggested the Prime Minister might be watching. Of all
:15:05. > :15:10.nights tonight he won't be watching. These are traditionally knock
:15:10. > :15:14.tunnel activities. -- knock turnal activities, tomorrow people will
:15:14. > :15:18.find out what jobs they have or haven't got. We know Andrew
:15:18. > :15:22.Mitchell is not the international secretary tomorrow morning he will
:15:22. > :15:26.be the Chief Whip. He's said to be a disciplinarian, he did run David
:15:26. > :15:35.Davis's campaign. It would be the smack of whipping from Andrew
:15:35. > :15:39.Mitchell. Everyone is laughing on that side of the table. We know
:15:39. > :15:42.very little, we know how widespread it will be. There was a rumour this
:15:42. > :15:45.evening that Michael Gove, of all people, because he's so tied into
:15:45. > :15:52.his department, was being moved from education. I rang his people
:15:52. > :15:55.to ask this, they said no, but they did have to check. It is incredibly
:15:55. > :16:01.widespread, going all over the scale of Government. There will be
:16:01. > :16:05.lots of new in take MPs, and it will be, they say, a fair few women.
:16:05. > :16:08.This goes right down this reshuffle? Yeah. The key thing
:16:08. > :16:12.about it is that, OK, there might be another one before the next
:16:12. > :16:15.election, but if you want to be bedded in so as you can make a
:16:15. > :16:21.difference before the next election, especially in the public's mind,
:16:21. > :16:28.you probably have to be in Government now, not net next time
:16:28. > :16:31.round. -- Not next time round. new political year coming, and
:16:31. > :16:37.rouseed from hieb operation, our panel, snap, crackle and pop, knife,
:16:37. > :16:40.fork and spoon, whatever they are, William Hague's pal, Danny
:16:40. > :16:44.Finkelstein, Dickie Burnell and Miranda Green, the recovery adviser
:16:44. > :16:48.to Paddy Ashdown. Is this reshuffle worth having? It is not actually
:16:48. > :16:58.about changing the direction of the Government, but trying to make what
:16:58. > :16:59.
:16:59. > :17:02.the Government does work. In other words, I don't think he wants
:17:02. > :17:06.people who agree more with him in Government, like Margaret Thatcher,
:17:06. > :17:09.he wants to make his policies stick and be implemented. The talk about
:17:09. > :17:13.Iain Duncan Smith, he has reached the point where he has introduced
:17:13. > :17:17.the reforms, it might be a different person you want to
:17:17. > :17:20.implement the reform tos. You would change the welfare secretary at
:17:20. > :17:24.this point, without necessarily changing the policies. You have a
:17:24. > :17:27.lot of experience, you came into cabinet on a reshuffle didn't you?
:17:27. > :17:31.I came in when Gordon Brown became Prime Minister, a new Government.
:17:31. > :17:38.You have got experience in Government of reshuffles, what do
:17:38. > :17:43.they generally achieve? Some of them annoy lots of people to no
:17:43. > :17:46.great end. There is lots of easy ways of doing, that for example,
:17:46. > :17:51.pretending people they haven't been fired, and they have been. They
:17:51. > :17:54.turn up thinking they are envoy on clips to the Cabinet Office, and
:17:54. > :17:59.they are not. If you are firing someone, you should be Hon e. What
:17:59. > :18:03.they are about, I agree with Danny, is they are about making the
:18:03. > :18:08.Government better, if they succeed. To do that you have to work out
:18:08. > :18:13.where you want to get votes and score some goals, and put those
:18:13. > :18:17.goal scorers, the Michael Goves, and you want the issue out of the
:18:17. > :18:20.news, for us at one stage was social security, so you sent for
:18:20. > :18:24.Alistair Darling. Here it may be that dealt, the Conservatives might
:18:24. > :18:28.think we won't score points on it, let's take it out of the news. You
:18:28. > :18:31.look for a politician who can gently take it out of the headlines.
:18:31. > :18:35.Miranda, the Liberal Democrats have been having their own separate
:18:35. > :18:38.reshuffle, will they? Yes, I think the reshuffle is much less
:18:38. > :18:42.significant for the Liberal Democrats, because there are
:18:42. > :18:47.relatively few at the senior level. We expect them to stay put. To have
:18:47. > :18:51.David Laws back, something expected, would be very good for the Liberal
:18:51. > :18:54.Democrats. It is a three-card trick rather than a reshuffle? It is
:18:54. > :18:58.about party management too. It is, it is about having your strongest
:18:58. > :19:02.people in the right place. ordinary civilian, what does "party
:19:02. > :19:06.management" mean? It is about the authority of the people at the top.
:19:06. > :19:09.That is slightly lacking, would be a polite way of saying it, over the
:19:09. > :19:12.last few months. There is always violence where there are a lot of
:19:13. > :19:17.young people, the Conservative Party has a huge in intake, it has
:19:17. > :19:22.to be able to manage it. I think change in the whip's office,
:19:22. > :19:25.everyone says Andrew Mitchell is a disciplinarian, there needs to be
:19:25. > :19:28.subtle techniques used. You can't whip this Conservative intake in
:19:28. > :19:34.the way you have been able to previous intake. You have to earn
:19:34. > :19:38.the respect and loyalty of them. You want to maintain hope as long
:19:38. > :19:43.as possible, when people lose hope, they decide to come on and say the
:19:43. > :19:46.Government they are a member of is terrible. That is good, right?
:19:47. > :19:51.you, but not for David Cameron. Someone who has been fired before
:19:51. > :19:55.and behaved and come back, someone overlooked, suddenly plucked from
:19:55. > :19:57.Select Committee obscurity, and suddenly everyone else not promoted
:19:57. > :20:02.might think it could be them, if they behave better. And Gordon
:20:02. > :20:05.Brown was very, very good at this. This internal detail of party
:20:05. > :20:10.management, which just gives you those five or ten extra people who
:20:10. > :20:15.will support you when the going gets tough. If there is the dissent,
:20:15. > :20:18.I'm sorry? I think Danny is right to emphasise this idea of delivery,
:20:19. > :20:23.this Government is at a stage where, now, it has to prove it is not just
:20:23. > :20:27.about ideas. Obviously what your MPs were saying is all this
:20:27. > :20:30.excitement about fresh ideas from the backbenches, but you also have
:20:30. > :20:33.to show the things you said you were committed to do in 2010 you
:20:34. > :20:37.have actually done, when you come to fight the next election.
:20:37. > :20:41.reason why the delivery matters, is no-one has ever heard of any of
:20:41. > :20:44.these people. When you move one person and swap them with another,
:20:44. > :20:48.the general public unaware you have done t they don't know the person
:20:48. > :20:51.in the job in the first place. There is no point in trying to
:20:51. > :20:54.achieve freshness, since most of these details escape most people.
:20:54. > :21:00.You have to achieve the policy objectives, that is what you are
:21:00. > :21:04.after, getting a better Government. Cheryl Gillan, sacked, shock, no-
:21:04. > :21:06.one responds, but he cannot, effectively, do what they were
:21:06. > :21:12.saying over there, is change the Chancellor of the Exchequer. The
:21:12. > :21:17.Chancellor of the Exchequer is his policy, isn't he? I thought that
:21:17. > :21:21.was hilarious in the making up of their own Government, it was not
:21:21. > :21:23.much of a guide. If David Cameron wants to change the economic policy
:21:23. > :21:26.of the Government, the fundamental economic policy of the Government,
:21:26. > :21:29.then it is worth changing the Chancellor of the Exchequer. If he
:21:29. > :21:33.doesn't want to, and I don't think he does want to, he wouldn't want
:21:33. > :21:36.to move his closest political ally out of the job where the two of
:21:36. > :21:41.them can control the policy, if he doesn't want to change the policy.
:21:41. > :21:44.So that's the reason why he wouldn't follow that advice. Brian
:21:44. > :21:46.Binly, I don't know what he thinks the policy of the Government should
:21:46. > :21:50.be, whatever it is, he thinks it should be different. In those
:21:50. > :21:54.circumstance, of course it would make sense to change the Chancellor.
:21:54. > :21:57.It doesn't if you are not going to change it. The rest of it doesn't
:21:57. > :22:00.matter? It does put the emphasis on what the Government is doing for a
:22:00. > :22:03.bit. And a lot of politics is about trying to make the media, and the
:22:03. > :22:07.opposition talk about the things you are doing, rather than the
:22:07. > :22:11.things that the opposition wants to talk about. At least for the next
:22:11. > :22:14.few days, they will want to say X is moved to Y, because they want to
:22:14. > :22:18.put an emphasis on standards in primary care in health. That is the
:22:18. > :22:25.kind of thing which the rest of the time is very hard to get up. It is
:22:25. > :22:28.a bit of dynamism, but most of all it is getting people who know about
:22:28. > :22:32.a particular issue and who can score goals in those jobs, and
:22:32. > :22:35.people who want to turn down an issue and score goals there too.
:22:35. > :22:39.There is the larger problem, which is David Cameron's problem with his
:22:39. > :22:48.own backbenchers, and this constant blue-on-blue attacks. There is a
:22:48. > :22:52.major question mark over whether this achieve will achieve the sort
:22:52. > :22:56.of changes, the whip's office changing that we're talking about,
:22:56. > :23:00.and stop the backbench sniping, it is gradually weaken, it is death by
:23:00. > :23:06.a thousand cuts of the Prime Minister's own authority. It has
:23:06. > :23:10.been done to the Prime Minister, Iain Duncan Smith, and William
:23:10. > :23:13.Hague, and now David Cameron. If they continue to do that it would
:23:13. > :23:16.be very damaging. It is partly a question of party management,
:23:16. > :23:20.partly it is a question for the Members of Parliament, and partly
:23:20. > :23:23.it is a question for party management. In so far as party
:23:23. > :23:28.management, you have to have the right chairman, Chief Whip and
:23:28. > :23:32.strategy for dealing with the parliamentary party. That is a very
:23:32. > :23:38.important part of the reshuffle, even though for the public it has
:23:38. > :23:42.no interest. What will it do to the opposition, if the Government has a
:23:42. > :23:46.reshuffle, does the opposition think they need a reshuffle too?
:23:46. > :23:49.Quite often the leader of the opposition would delay their
:23:49. > :23:53.reshuffle until they have seen what they are pairing up against. Ed
:23:53. > :23:57.Miliband had a reshuffle recently that went well. I think they will
:23:57. > :24:00.stick where they are. It gives them an opportunity to rejuvinate in a
:24:00. > :24:04.few months time if they want. To I think they will stick where they
:24:04. > :24:08.are. They have been pretty good at opposing in the last year, they
:24:08. > :24:12.have given themselves a good mark on. That I think they would be
:24:12. > :24:16.pretty happy with the team they have got. It worked perfectly well
:24:16. > :24:19.last time, I can't see why he would bother to change. He would be
:24:19. > :24:25.better to stick with what he has. If it doesn't make much sense of
:24:25. > :24:28.refreshing the Government in terms of new faces, it makes less sense
:24:28. > :24:32.to reshuffle. In opposition you have one researcher, and you have
:24:32. > :24:36.no idea what the debate you are doing that afternoon, if you are in
:24:36. > :24:40.the job a couple of years, at least you have done it once or twice
:24:40. > :24:45.before. If you look at the trouble the Government is in, George
:24:45. > :24:49.Osborne goes to the Paralympics, a kind crowd, and he is booed? When
:24:49. > :24:55.you have no growth and mishandle aspect of the budget. You will have
:24:55. > :24:58.that sort of trouble. Of It won't be saved by a reshuffle? No, the
:24:58. > :25:01.thing that will save the Chancellor of the Exchequer is if his strategy
:25:01. > :25:06.works, he believes it will. There is a lot of reason to agree with
:25:06. > :25:10.that, but not everyone shares that view. We will see. If you are going
:25:10. > :25:14.to change the strategy of the Government towards the economy,
:25:14. > :25:17.fundamentally, you are going to move away from austerity, you can't
:25:17. > :25:20.keep the same Chancellor. If you are going to, it doesn't make sense
:25:20. > :25:23.to change the Chancellor. Obviously the Prime Minister doesn't intend
:25:23. > :25:27.to change his strategy. Thank you very much.
:25:27. > :25:32.Rape, it is one of those crimes which we all think we know when we
:25:32. > :25:36.hear about it. Sexual assault is easy enough to define, and
:25:36. > :25:40.improving police and judicial practices, has been one of the ways
:25:40. > :25:43.in which society has tried to rectify an historic prejudice
:25:43. > :25:48.against women. Suddenly increasing numbers of us are finding it harder
:25:48. > :25:58.to explain precisely what rape is. Increasing numbers of us are making
:25:58. > :26:00.
:26:01. > :26:08.excuses for male violence. No everybody needs to be asked.
:26:08. > :26:14.legitimate rape, the female body...Once Upon a time, "no" meant
:26:14. > :26:18."no", now both left and right hear tones of ambiguity.
:26:18. > :26:28.Allegations of sexual assault and rape against Julian Assange have
:26:28. > :26:29.
:26:29. > :26:32.fuelled the debate. Not everybody needs to be asked prior to each
:26:32. > :26:36.incertifictaion, some people believe that when you go to bed
:26:36. > :26:42.with somebody, take off your clothes, and have sex with them,
:26:42. > :26:47.and then fall asleep, you are already in the sex game with them.
:26:47. > :26:51.The Respect MP, George Galloway, has refused to apologise, insisting
:26:51. > :26:55.the allegations since Assange weren't rape, as most people
:26:55. > :27:01.understood it. Across the Atlantic, a right-wing Congressman, used,
:27:01. > :27:05.what we thought was biology, to redefine the offence. If it is a
:27:05. > :27:09.legitimate rape, the female body has ways to try to shut that whole
:27:10. > :27:14.thing down. Let's assume that didn't work or something. Even
:27:14. > :27:19.feminists are divided. The writer, Naomi Woolf was quick to pick holes
:27:19. > :27:25.in the Assange case, claiming it to be a politically motivated witch-
:27:25. > :27:33.hunt, despite him refusing to face questioning in Sweden. Woolf also
:27:33. > :27:40.argues that his and he accusers should be denied anonymity. -- that
:27:40. > :27:50.his accusers should be denied anonymity. Why has rape suddenly
:27:50. > :27:54.become so contentious. With husband is the feminist writer Naomi Woolf,
:27:54. > :28:00.author of Vagina, a new autobiography. Why is that becoming
:28:00. > :28:03.so talked about, as an issue? Sexual assault, because there are
:28:03. > :28:08.high-profile cases. It is clear, and now I understand this better,
:28:09. > :28:12.when women make too many strides forward, rape and discourse about
:28:12. > :28:18.rape is used to undermine them, call them into question. You have
:28:18. > :28:24.two separate issues here, it seems to me. Your video introduced the
:28:24. > :28:28.Assange case, just for the forward, I'm not saying those women should
:28:28. > :28:32.be "unmasked", I'm saying it service rapists to have rape
:28:32. > :28:38.prosecutions to be prosecuted under the cover of anonymity all together,
:28:39. > :28:44.it gives impunity to prosecutor, let me give you statistics. The law
:28:44. > :28:49.was changed in 1976 in order that woman would feel more comfortable?
:28:49. > :28:53.-- women would feel more comfortable? The upshot is 6% of
:28:53. > :28:56.reported rapes, that is a small fraction of all rapes, ever get
:28:56. > :29:02.convicted. But that's what I really want to stress. Are you expecting
:29:02. > :29:06.women to be willing to testify in open court, with their full
:29:06. > :29:11.identity disclosed, in a case which may or may not be successful?
:29:11. > :29:14.isn't what I came here to talk about. But I do think, like many
:29:14. > :29:19.feminists, that rape shouldn't be stigmatised any differently from
:29:19. > :29:23.any kind of assault. Just like we expect, allegations of beating
:29:23. > :29:28.someone up, or allegations of fraud, to have both the victim and the
:29:28. > :29:33.perpetrator stand up and say this happened, that's what justice is.
:29:33. > :29:39.And more importantly, it stigmatises women, ultimately, and
:29:39. > :29:43.allows impunity. It allows impunity for rapes and prosecutors, here and
:29:43. > :29:46.in Sweden. The reason I know there is something very corrupt about the
:29:46. > :29:50.prosecution of the Assange case, I'm not talking about the women now,
:29:50. > :29:54.we don't know enough. Is it is so profoundly different from, and I
:29:54. > :29:58.have worked with rape victims for many, many years, from the way rape
:29:58. > :30:03.is prosecuted for any other victim in Sweden. Right now in Sweden, it
:30:03. > :30:08.has the highest rape rate in women, the lowest prosecution rate,
:30:08. > :30:16.Amnesty International says Swedish rapists enjoy impunity, there are
:30:16. > :30:20.600 women in Sweden waiting for shelter from vicious assailants and
:30:20. > :30:25.their children. When I called the Stockholm Government police hot-
:30:25. > :30:31.line, there is no answering machine. The idea this is a typical
:30:31. > :30:36.prosecution. Nobody has suggested it is a typical prosecution, but
:30:36. > :30:39.why shouldn't one prosecution go ahead if the crime is alleged, just
:30:39. > :30:42.because various others haven't gone ahead? There should be justice for
:30:42. > :30:47.rape victims, but it should be a single standard of justice. It
:30:47. > :30:51.insults the thousands of rape victims in Sweden, let me give you
:30:51. > :30:54.an example, when I called the Rape Crisis line in Stockholm, which no
:30:54. > :30:58.reporter seems to do is call the people in the frontlines with rape.
:30:58. > :31:06.They said that in Stockholm the most common kind of rape is exactly
:31:06. > :31:11.like the Assange case, they meet a man on-line, go to his apartment,
:31:11. > :31:17.consensual sex turns non-consensual, the volunteers said that is exactly
:31:17. > :31:21.the kind of scenario that the police won't prosecute, because the
:31:21. > :31:24.woman is not considered "clean ". There isn't a single standard for
:31:24. > :31:32.prosecution here. This is such a deviation from the way most rape
:31:32. > :31:37.victims in Sweden are dismissed, disregarded, I think it is
:31:37. > :31:41.insulting to rape victims. there grey areas, George Galloway
:31:41. > :31:44.says if you get into bed and have sex with them, and wake up the next
:31:44. > :31:48.morning and that person is attempting to have sex with you,
:31:48. > :31:54.without you having said yes, is that rape? At that point, if you
:31:54. > :31:59.are not fearful, or frightened of violence, you say, no, and that is
:31:59. > :32:04.a clear communication. Is it rape? You need to get consent, that is
:32:04. > :32:08.the law. You need to know you don't have consent for it to be rape, and
:32:08. > :32:14.there has to be a broken social contract. The law is you have to
:32:14. > :32:18.know you have active consent. is no ambiguity about this? This
:32:18. > :32:22.situation? Rape is rape? Look, it is very important for women, and
:32:22. > :32:26.men, who feel like they are being assaulted, to express they have a
:32:26. > :32:30.lack of consent. Absolutely, categorically. I think that's
:32:30. > :32:35.critical. Can I just pivot to something more important, we can
:32:35. > :32:39.spend all day talking about grey areas. More important is why are
:32:39. > :32:43.women being raped, why does society disregard it so much? I know the
:32:43. > :32:46.answer now, which I didn't before I did the research in my book, which
:32:46. > :32:52.has a chapter on rape, which goes right to this question. It turns
:32:52. > :32:56.out there is a lot of new cutting- edge data, which is astonishing on
:32:56. > :33:03.what the vagina does and what it is for. It is not just a sex organ,
:33:03. > :33:06.but there is a brain, vagina connection, which neuroscience is
:33:06. > :33:13.documenting it is one neurosis them. What happens to the vagina happens
:33:13. > :33:21.to the brain. On a positive note, when a woman is well treated and
:33:21. > :33:26.respected sexually, I'm going somewhere important, it boosts
:33:26. > :33:30.dopamean and other toxins in her brain, which leads to sense of
:33:30. > :33:35.connection, creativity, and other good things. On the dark side, it
:33:35. > :33:39.explains so much misogyny, when you traumatise a woman's vagina, in new
:33:39. > :33:43.ways that have been undocumented previously in recent years, you are
:33:43. > :33:47.traumatising her brain, even if there is no violence. We saw
:33:47. > :33:50.earlier legitimate rape, Neanderthals think of legitimate
:33:50. > :33:55.rape as rape where there is violence and a threat of violence.
:33:55. > :33:59.This new neuroscience shows that any rape, which always has fear, is
:33:59. > :34:04.traumatic to a woman's brain and body for years. Lasting harm
:34:05. > :34:08.changes the system, constellations of systems that seem unrelated to
:34:08. > :34:11.the original rape. Thank you very much. The people of Britain are, we
:34:11. > :34:15.are told by our Government, thrilled that Egypt has moved from
:34:15. > :34:18.dictatorship to a former imperfect democracy. Yet our Government
:34:18. > :34:22.doesn't seem to be putting its money where its mouth it is, or
:34:22. > :34:28.rather it is not putting the money stolen by the dictator where its
:34:28. > :34:34.mouth it. Once a self-respecting clep toe maniac has everything
:34:34. > :34:40.sorted at home. Everything small men equipped with toenail extractor,
:34:40. > :34:44.he seeks a bolt-hole and shelter for his loot, for Hosni Mubarak,
:34:44. > :34:54.that is what London offered. We don't seem to be in a rush to track
:34:54. > :34:55.
:34:56. > :35:00.it all down. They wanted bread, freedom, but also their money back.
:35:00. > :35:06.Reports of the tens of billions of dollars their dictator, Hosni
:35:06. > :35:09.Mubarak, and his friends, had allegedly stolen from Egypt, drove
:35:09. > :35:14.the revolutionaries on Tahrir Square last year, into a white heat
:35:14. > :35:18.of fury. After revolution, Britain was one
:35:18. > :35:22.of the first countries to propose freezing that wealth. Exciting
:35:22. > :35:26.great hopes in Egypt. We have also received a request from the
:35:26. > :35:32.Egyptian Government to freeze the asset of several former Egyptian
:35:32. > :35:36.officials. We will, of course co- operate with this request, if there
:35:37. > :35:41.is any evidence of illegality or misuse of state assets, we will
:35:41. > :35:46.take firm and prompt action. But a year-and-a-half on, not a
:35:46. > :35:50.penny has been returned. Egypt, is so angry, it is suing
:35:50. > :35:56.Britain. A country, it now believes, is willfully concealing its
:35:56. > :36:02.billions. TRANSLATION: We are in Egypt, but
:36:02. > :36:08.our money is in the UK. How can we get it back if Britain won't co-
:36:08. > :36:12.operate? Mubarak's billions, they believe, are somewhere here. It
:36:12. > :36:18.is no secret that London is one of the places that the Egyptian elite
:36:18. > :36:22.most likes to keep and console their wealth. Yet the UK has frozen
:36:22. > :36:27.a mere �85 million worth of asset, linked to Mubarak and his
:36:27. > :36:31.associates. Is that, as many believe, a fraction of the ill-
:36:31. > :36:37.gotten gains hidden here. If so, why has Britain been so slow to
:36:37. > :36:44.trace the rest of the money. Its apparent inaction proved by
:36:44. > :36:48.documents Newsnight was able to obtain, within minutes on-line.
:36:48. > :36:53.Those clues led us through one of the Egyptian elite's favourite
:36:53. > :36:57.haunts, London's Belgravia, to assets the UK authorities have
:36:57. > :37:02.either ignored or failed to discover 28 Wilton Place,
:37:02. > :37:08.conveniently around the corner from Harrods, was the much-loved London
:37:08. > :37:12.home of President Mubarak's younger son, Gamal, Playboy, businessman,
:37:12. > :37:16.deputy head of the ruling party. His name was prominent on the list
:37:16. > :37:20.of Egyptians, whose assets were frozen last year. But this very
:37:20. > :37:28.substantial asset, worth about �10 million, wasn't subject to that
:37:28. > :37:33.order. The Land Registry title shows it belongs to a firm in the
:37:33. > :37:37.tax haven of Panama. The reason, perhaps, there is no reference to
:37:37. > :37:41.any freezing order, though the sanctions should apply to any
:37:41. > :37:45.property the named individual benefits from, regardless of the
:37:45. > :37:49.legal ownership. Just around the corner, the former office of
:37:49. > :37:55.Medinvest Associates, an investment company, belonging to a Cypriot
:37:55. > :38:02.firm Gamal Mubarak was involved with. A company's house document --
:38:02. > :38:07.Companies House document, easily available on-line, shows it
:38:07. > :38:13.dissolved itself in February last year, it operated 11 months after
:38:14. > :38:19.sanctions were imposed. Tim Daniel, one of the City's
:38:19. > :38:24.leading asset tracers, is astonished. He is a lawyer, who
:38:24. > :38:30.hunts down dirty money worldwide. He helped Nigeria recover millions
:38:30. > :38:32.stolen by its dictator, Sani Abacha. What does he make of the documents
:38:33. > :38:37.from Gamal's former company, Medinvest Associates? Whoever
:38:37. > :38:43.lodged the stock has put a note saying in addition to the two
:38:43. > :38:47.axiveties, the software company et cetera, they were also involved --
:38:47. > :38:50.activities, the software company et cetera, they were involved in
:38:50. > :38:54.providing credit to financial institutions. There you are, you
:38:54. > :38:58.have an active business, through which Gamal was actively trading,
:38:58. > :39:02.you might have thought that the company would be added to the list
:39:02. > :39:05.of entities affected by the sanctions. That hasn't happened.
:39:06. > :39:10.further short walk, prompted by another very simple web search,
:39:10. > :39:15.brings me to a third asset that has escaped the freeze, linked to
:39:15. > :39:19.another prominent Egyptian on the sanctions list. This Companies
:39:19. > :39:24.House entry, shows the wife of Mubarak's Housing Minister, was
:39:24. > :39:30.able to register a new firm at this address, seven months after the
:39:30. > :39:35.freezing order against her. We find, interestingly, this company, was
:39:35. > :39:40.authorised on the 1st November last year. The sanctions list was put
:39:40. > :39:42.out in March last year. That's extraordinary, somebody on the
:39:42. > :39:50.sanctions list, months after the sanctions list comes out, is about
:39:50. > :39:53.to open a company? Register a company. I mean, you know, one
:39:54. > :40:00.wornders if any questions were asked at the company -- wonders if
:40:00. > :40:05.if any questions were asked on the companies registering, about how
:40:05. > :40:09.are you opening another company. This lady was a resident here in
:40:09. > :40:14.Chelsea. What is the reason for the inaction? One problem is that it is
:40:14. > :40:19.not always clear in Britain who is responsible for tracing stolen
:40:19. > :40:23.assets from abroad. Or what should trigger such action. When the
:40:23. > :40:27.Treasury freezes foreign assets, it is up to the banks, and other
:40:27. > :40:30.financial institutions, to implement the order. They were
:40:30. > :40:37.heavily criticised last year by the Financial Services Authority, for
:40:37. > :40:45.of theen failing to do so. Further police -- for of theen failing to
:40:45. > :40:48.do so -- often failing to do it. It sometimes only comes from mutual
:40:48. > :40:53.legal assistance, from those requesting the recovery. They have
:40:53. > :40:58.to be specific. Is the UK, which has all the expertise and resources
:40:58. > :41:03.to trace money, simply using the law as an excuse to do nothing. Not
:41:03. > :41:09.even to freeze funds, which should require a lower burden of proof,
:41:09. > :41:12.than confiscating or returning them. On the Nile, they can't understand
:41:12. > :41:18.why Britain's asking Egypt, recovering from decades of
:41:18. > :41:23.dictatorship, to provide the leads in this investigation. Why it is
:41:23. > :41:28.parrying Cairo's many requests for help, with demands for more
:41:28. > :41:32.information. Britain, citing data protection laws, won't even tell
:41:32. > :41:36.Assem al-Gohary, responsible for recovering stolen asset, what money
:41:36. > :41:43.it has already frozen. Now he's taking the UK Government to court
:41:43. > :41:47.in London, to try to find out. TRANSLATION: The British Government
:41:47. > :41:52.is obliged by law to help us. But it doesn't want to make any effort
:41:52. > :41:57.at all to recover the money. It just says, give us evidence. Is
:41:57. > :42:07.that reasonable? We are in Egypt, how can we search for money in the
:42:07. > :42:07.
:42:07. > :42:11.UK? Surprisingly, there is another country that is certainly stirring
:42:11. > :42:17.itself to implement those agreements. A country where you
:42:17. > :42:20.might least expect movement to recover ill-gotten gains, a country
:42:20. > :42:26.burdened with a terrible reputation for concealing them. Switzerland,
:42:26. > :42:30.long known for the discretion of its bankers, is the perfect place
:42:30. > :42:34.for dictators and tycoons to squirrel away their assets, and it
:42:34. > :42:40.is now trying to reinvent itself as a model of financial integrity. As
:42:40. > :42:44.a world leader in the hunt for dirty money. Switzerland's federal
:42:44. > :42:51.Government, a traditionally weak institution, is using all its power
:42:51. > :42:57.to change the country's image. also published a communique, a
:42:57. > :43:00.press release...Its Chief agent in the struggle is this man from the
:43:00. > :43:05.Foreign Ministry. Immediate low after President Mubarak was
:43:05. > :43:10.overthrown, on the 11st February last year, he activated a decree,
:43:10. > :43:14.freezing the assets of the dictator and those around him. 37 days
:43:14. > :43:18.before Britain and the rest of the EU took a similar step. I was
:43:19. > :43:24.sitting here, when I heard the news that President Mubarak had left his
:43:24. > :43:29.palace in Cairo, I had a phone call with the President of Switzerland.
:43:29. > :43:34.Because she had the power to freeze the money that may have been here
:43:34. > :43:39.in Switzerland. And we could then act within half an hour, the money
:43:39. > :43:43.was effectively frozen in Switzerland. Within half an hour of
:43:43. > :43:48.Mubarak leaving his Presidential Palace? Yes, within half an hour.
:43:48. > :43:52.Since then, Switzerland, with more than 20 investigators on the case,
:43:52. > :43:59.has doubd the amount of money frozen here. On the day Mubarak --
:43:59. > :44:05.doubled the amount of money frozen her. On the day Mubarak fell they
:44:05. > :44:08.froze �270 million in asset, that has risen to �470 million. In the
:44:08. > :44:13.UK, �85 million, no increase since last year.
:44:13. > :44:17.The Foreign Office, says it is doing what it can to help Egypt.
:44:18. > :44:22.But UK law is different to Swiss law, and there are many legal
:44:22. > :44:27.problems. We have a duty, both to the people who are ostensibly own
:44:27. > :44:32.the money, as well as to those who are pursuing it, we have to make
:44:32. > :44:36.sure that proper legal processes have been gone through, so that a
:44:36. > :44:40.decision ultimately made is just and right. We will trace and return
:44:40. > :44:44.assets wen when it is legally right to do so. -- when it is legally
:44:44. > :44:48.right to do so. We have no vested interest in doing anything else.
:44:48. > :44:51.The Government said it can't help if the necessary Government from
:44:51. > :45:00.Egypt isn't available? We have been proactive in trying to help the
:45:00. > :45:04.Egyptian authorities what they need to do to identify and find things.
:45:04. > :45:08.But recovering Egypt's stolen wealth, isn't only just about
:45:08. > :45:12.justice, it is about development. The revolution hasn't ended the
:45:12. > :45:19.country's festering social inequalities. But Mubarak's
:45:19. > :45:27.millions might. Every day they ask me, are we getting back our money.
:45:27. > :45:31.Is the west going to steal our money and keep it in their banks?
:45:31. > :45:34.Britain says it is doing a lot to support Egypt's fragile new
:45:34. > :45:41.democracy. It is the largest foreign direct investor in the
:45:41. > :45:47.country. But that doesn't solve the issue, they say, here of promises
:45:47. > :45:51.not kept. We are disappointed by Mr Cameron, we are disappointed by our
:45:51. > :45:56.Government also. But we think that Mr Cameron can do a lot for us. If
:45:56. > :46:03.they have the political will to do it, they will help us. And if they
:46:03. > :46:10.don't have the political well, they will use this -- will they will use
:46:10. > :46:13.this legal procedures and so on to do nothing. That's about it for
:46:13. > :46:19.tonight. Almost all of tomorrow morning's newspapers have the