:00:12. > :00:17.Thousands take to the streets of Moscow as the main opposition
:00:17. > :00:23.leader is jailed in what protestors call a show trial. Alexei Navalny,
:00:23. > :00:28.sentenced to five years for fraud, was his real crime simply to be a
:00:28. > :00:32.political threat. As Putin's brutal state, has it created a martyr for
:00:32. > :00:36.the opposition? We hear from Moscow. Also tonight, one of the most
:00:36. > :00:40.dangerous journeys on earth, the horrific abuse, kidnap and rape of
:00:40. > :00:50.thousands of African migrants with who try to cross Yemen in the
:00:50. > :00:53.
:00:53. > :01:00.Police numbers down, crime down too. Does that mean we can have an even
:01:00. > :01:09.smaller police force? As a great model t goes like a bomb, and the
:01:09. > :01:19.cars's not bad either. Years after all Partridge, has anything changed
:01:19. > :01:21.
:01:21. > :01:25.for sexism in court, Harriet Harman says just ban any all-male clubs.
:01:25. > :01:30.Good evening, Russia's opposition leader was sent to prison today,
:01:30. > :01:34.his crime, probably that of being too popular, too threatening to one
:01:34. > :01:37.Vladimir Putin. Alexei Navalny's show trial has sparked protests on
:01:37. > :01:45.the streets of Moscow and condemnation from around the world.
:01:45. > :01:49.He signed off with his supporters "don't dawdle the frog won't jump
:01:49. > :01:54.from the oil pipes himself", that loses something in translation. We
:01:54. > :02:00.ask tonight if the opposition movement is dead, or if Putin has
:02:00. > :02:05.created a martyr. How will the west deal with one more round of Putin's
:02:05. > :02:08.political bullying. It is OK, try not to miss me says
:02:08. > :02:15.Alexei Navalny's last tweet before they took him down. And most of all
:02:15. > :02:19.he said "don't be lazy". He will do five years in prison for fraud. His
:02:19. > :02:23.real crime, say his supporters, was to become the leader of the
:02:23. > :02:29.opposition movement which swept Russia's streets after the 2011
:02:29. > :02:33.election. This verdict is a sign of fear from the authorities. They are
:02:33. > :02:42.afraid to let even the slightest competition in the political
:02:42. > :02:49.process. I believe that these events are just another step and it
:02:49. > :02:54.will lead to widening of the political support and of the public
:02:54. > :02:59.opinion in favour of political change and liberalisation of
:02:59. > :03:02.political processes in Russia. Russian prosecutors made it clear
:03:02. > :03:06.they targeted Navalny and sped up the prosecution against him because
:03:06. > :03:10.of his public role. All the evidence against him came from one
:03:10. > :03:16.co-defendant who had turned state's witness, who the defence were not
:03:16. > :03:19.allowed to cross-examine. Navalny, a law graduate, rose to fame as a
:03:19. > :03:23.blogger, he is posing alleged corruption in Russian business and
:03:23. > :03:28.politics. He dubbed Putin's party "the party of crooks and thieves".
:03:28. > :03:32.When evidence of ballot-rigginging emerged in the election of December
:03:32. > :03:37.2011, Navalny's influence moved off the Internet and on to the streets.
:03:37. > :03:44.As the demonstrations grew, the sight of the left, alongside
:03:44. > :03:48.liberals and nationalists terrified Putin. And behind Navalny there are
:03:48. > :03:52.scores of acts, like this woman, whose lives have been invaded by
:03:52. > :03:58.the authorities for their role in the demos. For example the
:03:58. > :04:04.authorities came to my flat with the childcare and asked if I'm a
:04:04. > :04:08.bad mother. And they told me that they had some whistleblower
:04:08. > :04:12.information that I hit my son. That is not true. They asked what
:04:12. > :04:19.English books are doing on the shelves. Books in English and they
:04:19. > :04:24.told me that's very bad that I have books in two languages. That was
:04:24. > :04:30.actually, they talked to the childcare. That was just
:04:30. > :04:35.intimidation. Navalny's harsh sentence comes after the jailing of
:04:35. > :04:39.Pussy Riot, after they staged a protest in Moscow's Cathedral. And
:04:39. > :04:46.last month, Vladimir Putin took Russian justice to new territory
:04:46. > :04:51.with the posthumous trial of Sergei Magnitzi, an opposition lawyer,
:04:51. > :04:57.widely believed to have been murdered in custody. This was the
:04:57. > :05:01.final step in Russia's transition of being a managed democracy to
:05:01. > :05:05.outright dictatorship. Putin is used to sustaining his position
:05:05. > :05:08.through consent to some extent. It may have been manipulated but it
:05:08. > :05:12.may have been genuinely there. Now the system can only sustain through
:05:12. > :05:17.fear. All the people who have posed a threat to Vladimir Putin are
:05:17. > :05:20.either in exile, in prison or dead. Navalny's latest gambit had been to
:05:20. > :05:24.stand for election as Mayor of Moscow, where he was running second.
:05:24. > :05:27.He will be barred from the election now. Even though life has got
:05:27. > :05:32.better for most Russians under Vladimir Putin checkically, there
:05:32. > :05:38.is still money flowing out of the country because the -- economically,
:05:38. > :05:43.there is still money flowing out of the country because the rich don't
:05:43. > :05:50.trust the system. Navalny stood it old liberals and appealing to some
:05:50. > :05:57.nationalists and the left. The nationalists form part of Putin's
:05:57. > :06:00.base, this was highly convenient for Vladimir Putin. Vladimir Putin
:06:00. > :06:04.will doubtlessly try to use St Petersburg to strengthen his
:06:04. > :06:08.support at home and legitimacy abroad. It is very important that
:06:08. > :06:10.western leaders don't collaborate in allowing him to do that. I don't
:06:10. > :06:14.expect that President Obama or David Cameron or Angela Merkel will
:06:14. > :06:19.refuse to take part in the summit, and nor should they. But I think it
:06:19. > :06:22.is very important they say publicly and to Vladimir Putin's face
:06:22. > :06:26.privately that they consider Alexei Navalny to be a political prisoner
:06:26. > :06:32.and his continued imprisonment to be a violation of Russia's
:06:32. > :06:36.international norms. After the verdict the protests were muted.
:06:36. > :06:40.More watching and waiting than action. It didn't stop the Russian
:06:40. > :06:46.police from their time-honoured response. But the Kremlin will
:06:46. > :06:53.watch nervously the political reaction in weeks to come.
:06:53. > :07:00.A little earlier I spoke to an anti-Putin dissident granted asylum
:07:00. > :07:07.here in Britain after he fled Russia amid fears of for his life,
:07:08. > :07:12.and Sergei Markov. I started on the subject of how fair the trial was.
:07:12. > :07:15.The judge barred the defence from calling 13 key witnesses, defence
:07:15. > :07:18.lawyers weren't allowed to cross- examine their key witness, even
:07:18. > :07:23.your federal investigative committee admitted that Navalny had,
:07:23. > :07:29.as they said, made himself a target by his activism. That is pretty
:07:29. > :07:39.much an admission? Know, of course we have a lot of different
:07:39. > :07:40.
:07:40. > :07:46.activists, we have very active political rivals of Vladimir Putin.
:07:46. > :07:51.A lot of them and none of them was regarded as guilty for corruption.
:07:51. > :07:56.To be in a position it does not mean that you are absolutely not
:07:56. > :08:00.corrupt. Most of the opposition is not corrupt, they continue their
:08:01. > :08:08.activities. And one opposition appeared to be corrupted, it is
:08:08. > :08:13.Alexei Navalny. Have you read the case of Navalny? Have you read the
:08:14. > :08:19.huge case or not, or just you think that he was corrupt? It is not
:08:19. > :08:24.about Navalny, today what happened Russia showed the world that every
:08:25. > :08:28.person who has a different opinion to the Government, from the Putin
:08:28. > :08:31.regime, this person could be detained and sent to prison for
:08:32. > :08:37.their political views. We both know in Russia we don't have independent
:08:37. > :08:46.courts or freedoms and rights. How you could say that he was corrupt
:08:46. > :08:53.by this court in Kirov? It is not a court. You know it is the court, it
:08:53. > :08:58.is a court recognised by your political friends as guilty, that
:08:58. > :09:03.is not a military court. We see in every European country such kind of
:09:03. > :09:09.accusations of courts from those politicians who regard it as to be
:09:09. > :09:13.corrupted. Recognise that Alexei Navalny stole this money. What's
:09:13. > :09:21.left of the movement that had so much traction back in December of
:09:21. > :09:25.2011? The problem is that it's not, this case is not about Navalny. Of
:09:25. > :09:31.course this is a case about all Russian people who are living now
:09:31. > :09:35.in the country. This case has shown that Putin's regime will fight with
:09:35. > :09:40.the people like Alexei Navalny. haven't got enough of the people
:09:40. > :09:45.behind you, when we saw this kind of outrage in the Arab Spring, we
:09:45. > :09:50.saw revolution, why haven't we seen it in Russia? The problem is TV
:09:50. > :09:58.propaganda, all the TV in Russian and most of the newspapers are
:09:58. > :10:03.ruled by the Kremlin. They are maybe not officially ruled by the
:10:03. > :10:06.Kremlin as they have official newspapers, but we know that co-
:10:06. > :10:09.operation from the Kremlin, people who are around Putin. That is the
:10:10. > :10:14.same in every regime where they have a leader that they want to
:10:14. > :10:18.overthrow, of course you can always say propaganda? The problem is
:10:18. > :10:23.people couldn't get true information, they couldn't analyse
:10:23. > :10:27.information. They got only information from official TV
:10:27. > :10:34.channels. And hasn't President Putin done the most wonderful thing
:10:34. > :10:40.for Navalny tonight, a shot in the arm, he has made him a martyr?
:10:40. > :10:45.You know, first of all it is our colleague just informed you about
:10:45. > :10:53.the situation with the media. I agree that most of the channels,
:10:53. > :10:57.but not for sure not all of the T channels, but the majority -- TV
:10:57. > :11:01.channels, but the majority support the Government. Most of the print
:11:01. > :11:06.media, especially central Moscow print media most of them are very
:11:06. > :11:12.critical to the Government and even close to opposition. So it is
:11:12. > :11:18.absolutely not true that the Russian people don't look at the
:11:18. > :11:22.Russian people has stupid people who have no information. No. (all
:11:22. > :11:27.speaking at once) because the Internet for the Russian population.
:11:27. > :11:30.How many people use the Internet. Let's tell the truth to the world,
:11:30. > :11:34.come on. Andrei Sidelnikov, let me move you on, tomorrow we are going
:11:34. > :11:40.to see the G20 in Russia, leaders from all over the world, would you
:11:40. > :11:44.like to see prop action against that now? I think that leaders from
:11:44. > :11:50.the European countries or the United States they could tell Mr
:11:50. > :11:55.Putin that in Russia there is no freedoms and rights. And they need
:11:55. > :12:04.to ban Russia from G8, first of all, they need to tell him that they
:12:04. > :12:09.will boycott the Olympic Games in 20 14, next year if the Russian
:12:09. > :12:14.people can't be given the constitution for freedom of human
:12:14. > :12:20.rights. People are support such a politician which won't (all
:12:20. > :12:23.speaking at once) Thank you both very much. It is absolutely
:12:23. > :12:27.outrageous, this is sick but not political group. They are hated by
:12:27. > :12:36.their own people, because they hate their own country. We don't hate,
:12:36. > :12:43.come on. Thank you very much indeed. Later in the programme:
:12:43. > :12:51.Football and sitting on washing machines. Is this broadly how we
:12:51. > :12:55.see women and supported? It is one of the most dangerous journeys
:12:55. > :12:58.anyone can make, it is one of the biggest economic migrations in the
:12:58. > :13:01.world. Every months thousands from across the Horn of Africa try to
:13:01. > :13:07.reach the farms and factories of Saudi Arabia trying to better their
:13:07. > :13:11.lives. But to do so they must cross through Djibouti, the strait of
:13:11. > :13:14.Babel, and up through Yemen where they fall prey to people
:13:14. > :13:18.traffickers, kidnappers, sexual abuse and torture. There is
:13:18. > :13:28.evidence that the Yemeni military is involved in people trafficking
:13:28. > :13:28.
:13:28. > :13:34.and that sexual abuse. Some of the my grants' -- migrants' stories, as
:13:34. > :13:39.you can imagine are horrific. This is the undertaker of Harad.
:13:39. > :13:44.This is a Yemeni smuggling town on the border of Saudi Arabia. For
:13:44. > :13:49.centuries the town has thrived on gun running and drugs smuggling.
:13:49. > :13:59.Now the commodity is people. Today they are burying an Ethiopian,
:13:59. > :14:11.
:14:11. > :14:19.another migrant found dead at the The journey that ends in death for
:14:19. > :14:27.so many begins here. 300 miles to the south. This man is a people
:14:27. > :14:34.trafficker. He ferries migrants across the Red Sea. He says his
:14:34. > :14:44.smuggling ring will make $300 per person, he must pay a cut to the
:14:44. > :14:58.
:14:58. > :15:02.He carries 40 people in his boat, they risk dehydration and exposure,
:15:02. > :15:07.some boats are so full that people suffocate. The migrants are
:15:07. > :15:13.desperate for work, and the promise of a better life in Saudi Arabia.
:15:13. > :15:17.But first, they must cross Yemen. Criminal gangs roam freely, robbery,
:15:17. > :15:25.abuse and sexual exploitation are common place. Migrants face being
:15:25. > :15:29.caught, tortured and sold for profit. Thousands arrive on these
:15:29. > :15:33.shores every month. These pictures show soldiers combing the beach.
:15:33. > :15:38.They will take the migrants to camps run by the Red Cross. But we
:15:38. > :15:48.have evidence that some soldiers are working with the people
:15:48. > :15:59.
:15:59. > :16:02.Haile experienced the shakedown, says those who can pay are released,
:16:02. > :16:11.those without are sold to kidnappers, kidnappeders who
:16:11. > :16:15.torture. -- kidnappers who torture. Haile was held in what is known as
:16:15. > :16:25.a torture camp. Thousands of migrants are being kidnapped and
:16:25. > :16:38.
:16:38. > :16:45.beaten in torture camps across Yemen. Haile was tortured until his
:16:45. > :16:49.family paid the ranson to release him. -- ranson to release him.
:16:49. > :16:57.Getting past the beach is just the first step in this extraordinary
:16:57. > :17:01.journey. Saudi Arabia is still a 300 mile walk through the desert.
:17:01. > :17:09.We met these migrants on their way to the border town of Harad. They
:17:09. > :17:19.have been walking for 40 days. Where are you going? Saudi.What do
:17:19. > :17:20.
:17:20. > :17:30.you expect to find when you get there? Have you had any trouble so
:17:30. > :17:41.
:17:41. > :17:49.Yemen is a failing state, the turbulence of the Arab Spring led
:17:49. > :17:53.to the ousting of the President, and an erosion of Government power.
:17:53. > :18:03.In this vacuum the migrants can cross Yemen, but gangs of
:18:03. > :18:08.
:18:08. > :18:13.kidnappers and torturers can also operate at will. Ift car had made
:18:13. > :18:15.the journey with friends, they had come looking for work, hoping to
:18:15. > :18:20.make money for their families. He was kidnapped, and his father was
:18:20. > :18:30.told he needed to pay $3 pun pun to release him. He was told to borrow
:18:30. > :18:31.
:18:31. > :18:36.the money and wire it toe kidnappers. This footage shows the
:18:36. > :18:42.inside of a torture camp, it was shot by Medecins sans frontier,
:18:42. > :18:46.during a series of Government raids in April. Over 1600 migrants were
:18:46. > :18:52.freed. Many had been beaten, some had their finger nails pulled out
:18:52. > :18:58.or their tongues partially cut off. Others said they had been beaten
:18:58. > :19:02.with pipes, burned with cigarettes or had linment poured in their eyes.
:19:03. > :19:12.The new gang wanted another $250, his father couldn't borrow any more
:19:13. > :19:21.
:19:21. > :19:31.money. None of the families comfortable This man is 23, he will
:19:31. > :19:40.
:19:40. > :19:46.He's now at this centre in Harad, inside these walls the migrants are
:19:46. > :19:50.safe. The centre is full of people who have been tortured, it is run
:19:50. > :19:55.by the International Orgaization for Migration. This is a
:19:55. > :19:59.humanitarian crisis, the main thing that we need to provide them with
:19:59. > :20:08.is voluntary return. Everybody wants to go to their country of
:20:08. > :20:15.origin. They are shocked by the reality that they have faced.
:20:15. > :20:19.me your henna? Iftar is 17. She walked 300 miles over the Ethiopian
:20:19. > :20:29.mountains to Djibouti, there she paid the traffickers to ferry her
:20:29. > :20:48.
:20:48. > :20:51.to Yemen. She and her friends were Iftar was kept at the camp for
:20:52. > :21:01.three months. She was too ashamed by what the gang was doing to call
:21:02. > :21:12.
:21:13. > :21:22.her parents and ask for money. So she was raped every day. Then I
:21:23. > :21:31.
:21:31. > :21:41.asked Iftar who the kidnappers were? Asma is 16, she got all the
:21:41. > :21:44.
:21:44. > :21:54.way to the Saudi border before she was arrested by Yemeni soldiers.
:21:54. > :22:03.
:22:03. > :22:13.How do you know that money was exchanged did you see it? Do you
:22:13. > :22:19.
:22:19. > :22:24.know how much money you were sold for? She was raped by two,
:22:24. > :22:29.sometimes three men every day for two months. She got out because one
:22:29. > :22:33.of her captors, she says, felt pity for her. I spoke to some of the
:22:33. > :22:37.people who run this camp and they say they have heard other stories
:22:37. > :22:43.like this. That men in Yemeni military fatigues captured women,
:22:43. > :22:46.sold them to rapists and in some cases raped them themselves. We
:22:46. > :22:54.requested an interview with the Yemeni Government about the
:22:54. > :23:00.treatment of migrants, but our request was declined. There are 200
:23:00. > :23:07.torture camps in this part of yes mam machine alone. A local judge
:23:07. > :23:12.offers a safe passage to visit one. One of his soldiers accompanies --
:23:12. > :23:17.Yemen alone. A local judge offers safe passage to give one, a guard
:23:17. > :23:22.comes with us to keep us safe. When we arrive one of the guards runs
:23:22. > :23:32.off, he's gone to find the owner. Inside there are two guards and
:23:32. > :23:39.
:23:39. > :23:49.five migrants. We asked them if they have been abused? I ask have
:23:49. > :23:53.
:23:53. > :23:57.they tried to escape? We spot the entrance to a small room at the
:23:57. > :24:01.edge of the compound. Can we go inside? The soldier says this is
:24:02. > :24:08.where they take the women, he says what is going on behind the door
:24:08. > :24:13.could be haram, meaning forbidden. We have just been told the room
:24:13. > :24:20.here is what the torturers use for rape. We can hear the sound of a
:24:20. > :24:30.man and a woman in the room. A man appears with a pistol on his belt,
:24:30. > :24:31.
:24:31. > :24:41.he is the owner of the camp. Does torture exist here? Are there any
:24:41. > :24:46.women in this farm? We are escorted out. We do not know for sure what
:24:46. > :24:50.was taking place in the room at the back. But the men we spoke to were
:24:50. > :24:54.being held against their will. With then spoke to a senior local police
:24:54. > :25:03.officer, we told him what we had seen, the next day all the migrants
:25:03. > :25:09.in the camp were released. This is the Saudi border, these mountains,
:25:09. > :25:13.the final barrier to the Promised Land. Behind the ridges are
:25:13. > :25:23.thermal-images cameras, electric fencing and a flood lit security
:25:23. > :25:26.
:25:26. > :25:31.barrier. It is now an almost impossible crossing. Haile had
:25:31. > :25:41.survived the torture camp, he had walked 300 miles across the desert.
:25:41. > :26:03.
:26:03. > :26:09.Haile hung from that tree for two days. He remembers very little, but
:26:09. > :26:13.he thinks it was soldiers who cut him down and drove him to a Saudi
:26:13. > :26:22.hospital. He was so badly injured that when he awoke doctors had
:26:22. > :26:26.amputated his left arm. He thinks his friends are probably dead.
:26:26. > :26:31.Despite the fact that so few make it, there is no sign that the flow
:26:31. > :26:35.of migrants is ebbing. And people trafficking in Yemen is worth tens
:26:35. > :26:38.of millions of dollars. You are looking at thousands of people and
:26:38. > :26:42.you are looking at the amount of money that's going back and forth,
:26:42. > :26:46.it must have been huge for these numbers to be here. Human
:26:46. > :26:52.trafficking is one of the most profitable businesses in the world
:26:52. > :26:56.now. If you perceive the numbers, it seems there is big business
:26:56. > :27:02.going on. People smuggling generates profit at every stage of
:27:02. > :27:05.the journey. Everyone has a stake, from the Ethiopian borders through
:27:05. > :27:10.the Yemeni military through to the guards at the Saudi border.
:27:10. > :27:14.Stopping this will require a serious international effort. For
:27:15. > :27:20.the moment those efforts are just beginning. But still, the
:27:20. > :27:26.Ethiopians come. 40,000 migrants arrived in Yemen during the first
:27:26. > :27:34.five months of this year. Those new migrants will still head for the
:27:34. > :27:44.Saudi border, they will still face exploitation, beatings and rape.
:27:44. > :27:49.
:27:49. > :27:53.And the undertaker will continue to bury the dead. So, were you in the
:27:53. > :27:59.pro-flip-flop camp last night, was the skirt too twice, too patriotic,
:27:59. > :28:05.or the skirt too short or long, women broadcasters have got through
:28:05. > :28:10.an intense sexist focus on how they look, sportswomen we might guess
:28:10. > :28:15.have too. The comments by John Inverdale about Marion Bartoli at
:28:15. > :28:20.Wimbledon, were unusual because they were said outloud. But sexism
:28:20. > :28:25.is alive and kicking in sport. Maria Miller boycotted the Open
:28:26. > :28:31.championship held at a male-only club. Harriet Harman challenged her
:28:31. > :28:37.to go further and boycott all, all- male clubs.
:28:37. > :28:45.One more thing, it is a great model, it goes like a bomb and the car's
:28:45. > :28:52.not bad either. Alan Partridge making his name on the Day Today
:28:52. > :28:55.two decades ago. Smoky lady.His attitude isn't that far off John
:28:55. > :28:59.Inverdale, during his Wimbledon coverage. I wonder if her dad did
:28:59. > :29:03.say to her when she was 12, 13, 14 maybe, listen you are never going
:29:03. > :29:07.to be a looker, you are never going to be someone with long legs so you
:29:07. > :29:12.have to compensate with that, you are going to have to be the most
:29:12. > :29:16.dogged, determined fighter than anyone has seen on the tennis court.
:29:16. > :29:20.Inverdale apologised to Bartoli, this week Maria Miller demanded to
:29:20. > :29:25.know what further action the director of the BBC would be taking.
:29:25. > :29:28.Tony Hall hit back that it had been made clear his comments were
:29:28. > :29:34.unacceptable, but said the BBC would continue to enhance coverage
:29:34. > :29:38.of women's sport. Everyone thought the world of women's sport would
:29:38. > :29:42.change after the Olympic Games, but a two-week tournament won't do that.
:29:42. > :29:46.It highlights to us if you give women that platform they can
:29:46. > :29:50.perform and achieve at the highest level. It is more complicated to
:29:50. > :29:54.get women into the papers all year round. This weekend sports fans
:29:54. > :29:57.will have to choose between the golf at the Open, the Ashes and
:29:57. > :30:01.Tour de France, maybe women's sport can't compare. All you have to do
:30:01. > :30:05.is watch the World Cup, it was on this year in January in India, it
:30:05. > :30:11.was the women's cricket World Cup, it was fantastic, great cricket,
:30:11. > :30:15.there were tight games, sixes, boundaries, wickets, it was just as
:30:15. > :30:19.exciting as any mens' World Cup. It is ignorance on the part of most
:30:19. > :30:24.people, because they haven't come across it. Europe get ready,
:30:24. > :30:26.England are coming to take on your best. The BBC and other
:30:26. > :30:31.broadcasters have committed to increasing coverage of women's
:30:32. > :30:34.sport. The BBC heavily trailed its coverage of the Euro 2012
:30:35. > :30:38.tournament. And England's matches have viewer figures of more than a
:30:38. > :30:43.million. But, flick through the sports pages and it doesn't much
:30:43. > :30:46.look like a woman's world, wait there is a girl? Well a girlfriend.
:30:46. > :30:50.When it comes to deciding what subjects we cover in the newspaper,
:30:50. > :30:53.but all the research we do indicates the vast majority of the
:30:53. > :30:58.readers of the sports section are men, even of the quarter of our
:30:58. > :31:02.readers who are female, a lot prefers sport. It is not a problem
:31:03. > :31:07.I can solve on my own by putting women into the paper, it needs a
:31:07. > :31:13.more radical approach. consolation is we are not the only
:31:13. > :31:20.ones with a problem, this the ad the German public broadcaster did
:31:20. > :31:23.to promote its team in the European tournament. Joining us now Harriet
:31:23. > :31:29.Harman the shadow Culture Secretary, who has launched a campaign to
:31:29. > :31:34.improve the coverage of women's sports and ban all-male sports
:31:34. > :31:38.clubs. And Louise Hazel who competed in the hepathlon at the
:31:38. > :31:44.Olympic Games last year. Talks through your experience as a woman
:31:44. > :31:50.in sport, have you always been aware of sexism? Yes, definitely.
:31:50. > :31:55.Unfortunately you know going back just to 20123, tome mates, myself
:31:55. > :31:59.and also from Team GB were subject to comments about our weight in our
:31:59. > :32:04.preparations for one of the biggest competitions of our lives. We only
:32:04. > :32:08.have to looks a far back as 2011 to the sports personality nominees to
:32:08. > :32:15.see that there were no female nomination, that to me was a major
:32:15. > :32:18.indication of there still exists the problem of sexism in sport.
:32:18. > :32:21.there no nominations because there isn't as much coverage in the first
:32:21. > :32:24.place? Yes, I think it is definitely something that needs to
:32:24. > :32:27.be addressed. It is definitely moving forward and improving.
:32:27. > :32:31.Having seen the women's football and cricket mentioned there. But it
:32:31. > :32:36.is definitely still a work in progress. But I feel there were
:32:36. > :32:42.women that were Wellworthy of nominations but more important --
:32:42. > :32:47.well worthy of nominations but were perhaps overshadowed by male
:32:47. > :32:52.performances. I don't think the people nominating, some of the
:32:52. > :32:56.men's magazines mentioned who didn't feel that women were worthy
:32:56. > :33:01.or deserving of the publicity they deserved. You have done coverage,
:33:01. > :33:06.you have done modelling shoots for GQ and all the rest of it, was that
:33:06. > :33:11.a pressure to, I don't know to get coverage for the sport or did you
:33:11. > :33:13.feel objectifyed by doing that? for me it was a personal choice. I
:33:13. > :33:20.think every female sports person should be able to express
:33:20. > :33:25.themselves in their own way. But by no means under pressure. To give in
:33:25. > :33:29.to that sense of being objectfied by males. For me that was something
:33:29. > :33:39.that was personal. You just started golf. Do you want to play it, do
:33:39. > :33:42.you feel looked out of a major part of the golfing world? I feel
:33:42. > :33:45.bringing a ban to all-male membership clubs would be a step in
:33:45. > :33:49.the right direction. Last year I was invited to a number of golf
:33:49. > :33:55.days I was surprised the fact that there were no female facilities and
:33:55. > :33:59.I had to go and get changed in the spa. Which definitely made me feel
:33:59. > :34:04.like a second rate citizen, it didn't make me feel comfortable.
:34:04. > :34:07.Maria Miller straight away batted back your suggestion to ban all-
:34:07. > :34:11.male clubs, where do you go from here? I didn't know she had done
:34:11. > :34:15.that. Addison appointing. David Cameron, the Prime Minister -- that
:34:15. > :34:20.is disappointing. David Cameron said in relation to the Muirfield,
:34:20. > :34:23.it is old fashioned, it is an knackism, men-only golf clubs
:34:23. > :34:27.should be a thing of the past, I welcomed that. Nick Clegg, the
:34:27. > :34:32.Deputy Prime Minister said it shouldn't be happening. Maria
:34:32. > :34:37.Miller herself is objecting to it sufficient to do a boycott. And my
:34:37. > :34:41.point is, that actually there is an exemption for men-only sports clubs
:34:41. > :34:44.which allows them to carry on discriminating, that is in the
:34:44. > :34:48.Equality Act t allows them an exemption. I'm saying instead of
:34:48. > :34:51.ringing your hands and speaking out against them, why not have a cross-
:34:51. > :34:55.party alliance and say if you are running a sports club you have to
:34:55. > :35:02.allow women in on the same terms as men. But also the point Louise was
:35:02. > :35:07.making about sponsorship. It is incredible that 0.5% of the
:35:07. > :35:14.sponsorship that there is, commercial sponsorship goes to men,
:35:14. > :35:20.goes to women, sorry, for men it is 99.5%. And therefore the women have
:35:20. > :35:27.to get sponsorship you know, and yet women got a third of the
:35:27. > :35:29.Olympic medals and nearly half of the Paralympic medals and yet 0.5 %
:35:29. > :35:33.of the sponsorship. The Government money that goes into sport, there
:35:33. > :35:37.is a lot of money that rightly goes into sport, the lion's share of
:35:37. > :35:41.this public money goes to men in sport and it is public money that
:35:41. > :35:45.should go equally to women. Would you like there to be equal coverage
:35:46. > :35:49.right now on the BBC elsewhere of women's sports, would you like to
:35:49. > :35:52.say 50-50? I would like them to do much more to give a proper showing
:35:53. > :35:57.for women's sport. I actually think. But you wouldn't legislation, you
:35:57. > :36:01.wouldn't say come on we have to do this? I wouldn't legislation for
:36:01. > :36:04.the BBC or even commercial broadcasters to legislate for their
:36:04. > :36:07.editorial content. But one of the things that I think we should do
:36:07. > :36:11.right now, because there is a whole load of things that have come
:36:11. > :36:16.together on this is that the parliamentary Select Committee on
:36:16. > :36:24.culture, media and sport, ought ought to do an inquiry into women's
:36:24. > :36:28.sports. Back to the golf course, did it worry you that Muirfield was
:36:28. > :36:32.a all-male club in 2002 when it held the championships and you were
:36:32. > :36:35.in power? In the Equality Act that I took through parliament, we
:36:35. > :36:39.actually put that exemption in because we couldn't get an
:36:39. > :36:42.agreement to end the exemption. There has always been this
:36:42. > :36:46.exemption for men-only sports clubs I wanted to take it out but we were
:36:46. > :36:53.having so many rows on so many things we should have. Now is the
:36:53. > :36:57.time to do it now that the Prime Minister is saying that he is
:36:57. > :37:00.against it. Now they are in power? There is cross-party agreement on,
:37:00. > :37:04.we didn't want the act to fall because of that. There is a chance
:37:04. > :37:12.to amend it. Louise, what would be the single most important thing as
:37:12. > :37:15.a woman athlete? For there to be justice after London 2012 won ban
:37:15. > :37:18.on male-membership only clubs. We have earned that right and proved
:37:18. > :37:22.to ourselves we are worthy of competing on a world stage and
:37:22. > :37:27.being successful on it. I think as part of the Olympic legacy that is
:37:27. > :37:31.something that should definitely be addressed. Thank you very much.
:37:31. > :37:38.What are we to make of the cor relation between lower crime
:37:38. > :37:43.figures and fewer police figures, the latest figures show crime
:37:43. > :37:47.falling down to 9%, all that with fewer PCs, is it a statistical
:37:47. > :37:54.anomally, a lag between one set of figures and the next. Or is it a
:37:54. > :37:59.whole new way of thinking of ring- fencing, the slaughtering of some
:37:59. > :38:04.sacred cows. It is not obvious why we should want to hark back to 1981.
:38:04. > :38:09.There was the rioting, the Cold War was alive and well. The CND wanted
:38:09. > :38:13.the rally to be a demonstration. Charles and Di were taking their
:38:13. > :38:19.first steps into a deeply dysfuntional marriage. Speaking of
:38:19. > :38:23.splits, the breakaway SDP was formed. It is also the year that
:38:23. > :38:28.the British Crime Survey was born. It showed that crime figures were
:38:28. > :38:35.shooting upwards, peaking in the mid-1990s, only now, more than 30
:38:35. > :38:40.years later is crime back down to around the 1981 level. In west
:38:40. > :38:44.London the Prime Minister got the kind of reception politicians can
:38:44. > :38:49.only dream of. That is not the only reason why he had reason to smile.
:38:49. > :38:53.People don't expect crime figures to fall during an economic downturn.
:38:53. > :38:57.This is good news, we see a reduction both in recorded crime
:38:57. > :39:00.and in the British Crime Survey, showing that crime now is at its
:39:00. > :39:04.lowest level since 1981. We should congratulate the police, as a
:39:04. > :39:07.Government we have asked them to do more, but with less resources and
:39:07. > :39:09.they have performed, I think, magnificently. I think also all the
:39:09. > :39:13.work that's gone into crime prevention has made a difference
:39:13. > :39:19.too. But this is good news, Britain is getting safer as well as
:39:19. > :39:22.stronger. This photo opportunity with officers in their latest
:39:22. > :39:27.gizmos, is designed to show that good policing isn't all about the
:39:27. > :39:32.number of bobbies you employ. But how efficient they are. By 2015 the
:39:32. > :39:35.police are expected to have cut 15,000 jobs. This is a pretty
:39:35. > :39:39.golden day politically for the Government. They are able to say
:39:39. > :39:42.that they are keeping us safer for less money? I don't think it is a
:39:42. > :39:44.golden day for the Government. I think it is a golden day for the
:39:44. > :39:49.hard working police officers up and down the country who have responded
:39:49. > :39:53.to the savage cuts the Government imposed on the Police Servicement
:39:53. > :39:56.despite that we are trying to keep service at a level -- Police
:39:56. > :40:00.Service. Despite that we are trying to keep service on the level. We
:40:00. > :40:05.are at breaking points and the cuts for the next 12-18 months are going
:40:05. > :40:08.to impact on crime figures and on public safety, despite the best
:40:08. > :40:13.efforts of police forces around the country. Can the Government or the
:40:13. > :40:21.police really take credit for the numbers falling, afterall this is
:40:21. > :40:25.what's happening to crime in many European countries.
:40:25. > :40:29.Criminalologists can't agree on what's happening. Some explanations
:40:30. > :40:35.are simple, we bang more people up, CCTV, some are surprising, young
:40:35. > :40:39.people drink less, and some are bizarre, there is less lead in
:40:39. > :40:44.petrol and paint. Maybe we are not asking the right question. If we
:40:44. > :40:48.take in say the last 200 years, we go back to the 19th century and
:40:48. > :40:52.take ourselves through to the Second World War, what we see is a
:40:52. > :40:56.long-term decline in crime. Decade after decade. And it is only after
:40:56. > :41:01.the Second World War that we see crime start to increase and
:41:01. > :41:07.increase very significantly. So the question we should really be asking
:41:07. > :41:12.ourselves is why the increase after the Second World War, not why it is
:41:12. > :41:16.declining now. It has to be a good day for any Government when they
:41:16. > :41:20.can claim to be safer and to have saved money. Is it interesting for
:41:20. > :41:23.another political reason, does it get easier for the Government to
:41:23. > :41:26.argue that it is possible to deliver high-quality public
:41:26. > :41:31.services on less money. What we have seen in policing has been a
:41:31. > :41:35.reform to how services work, reform to the work force, reform to how we
:41:35. > :41:39.organise policing, better use of technology, transformed delivery.
:41:39. > :41:41.And what the Government now needs to reflebt, it is fantastic they
:41:41. > :41:45.have recognised the achievements. What the Government now needs to
:41:45. > :41:55.reflect is can we achieve the same in other services such as health,
:41:55. > :41:57.education? Can crime be compared to education, when there seems to be
:41:57. > :42:06.so little agreement about why it happens, and whether Government
:42:06. > :42:13.ever has much effect on whether it goes up or down? Professor David
:42:13. > :42:20.Spiegelhalter is the Professor of Understanding Risk at Cambridge
:42:20. > :42:27.University, and author of The Norm Chronicles. Thank you very much for
:42:27. > :42:30.joining us. It seems such a neat co-relation, how do you read the
:42:30. > :42:35.numbers? As a sceptical statistician I ask do I believe the
:42:35. > :42:40.numbers at all? In this case I do, it isth has backed up the police
:42:40. > :42:43.statistic -- because it has backed up the police statistics, and the
:42:43. > :42:47.crime survey for England and Wales. That is essentially looking at what
:42:47. > :42:50.the experience of lot of people and their families. As a statistician I
:42:50. > :42:53.would tend to believe that more. I do believe the figures that they
:42:54. > :42:57.are really going down. But the crucial thing is to look at the
:42:57. > :43:01.long-term trends, not just what has happened from last year. There is
:43:01. > :43:06.9% reduction in crime, which is great. But as you have heard in the
:43:06. > :43:09.report, there has been long-term trends from the 80s, it went up to
:43:10. > :43:13.the mid-90s, and then it has been coming down relentlessly. The
:43:13. > :43:16.change, the going up and down seems to be independent of the economic
:43:16. > :43:20.condition of the country. It is fantastic news that it is coming
:43:20. > :43:25.down, but there again it is coming down all over Europe and America
:43:25. > :43:30.and so on. And so trying to produce some simple explanation of why that
:43:30. > :43:32.is the case, yoing that is possible. Zo -- I don't think that is
:43:32. > :43:36.possible. Zoe raised the question of whether it was the Government
:43:36. > :43:41.and down to Government actions, what do you think are the plausible
:43:41. > :43:48.explanations for this? If you see it as a sort of pan-European trend?
:43:48. > :43:51.I think, you know, this is a deep social -- sociological matter that
:43:51. > :43:54.can be put down to explanation. We have heard of some of them and
:43:54. > :44:01.another is that for example cars are much more difficult to break in
:44:01. > :44:05.to. All that sort of petty crime is more difficult to take place. This
:44:05. > :44:10.implausible one about the lead in petrol has got an increasing amount
:44:10. > :44:13.of scientific backing that there is a 20-year lag between a substantial
:44:13. > :44:17.amount of lead in the petrol and paint, and children's exposure,
:44:17. > :44:19.small children and what they might get up to when they are older. And
:44:19. > :44:24.there is always sorts of explanations about these things
:44:24. > :44:28.that are not actually attributable to very simple changes and
:44:28. > :44:32.expenditure on policing whatever. But you could say that at least you
:44:32. > :44:36.know any changes to the Government that they have done have not
:44:36. > :44:40.actually stopped this extraordinarily, and very welcome
:44:40. > :44:43.downward trend. If we took that one step further and said maybe
:44:44. > :44:49.reducing police numbers even more could cut crime even more. Why
:44:49. > :44:53.doesn't that work as an equation? You know to make some rather simple
:44:53. > :45:00.causal explanation for these things I think would be very misleading
:45:00. > :45:04.indeed. Just to make an analogy, bicycle helmets, it seems
:45:04. > :45:07.completely obvious that bicycle helmets save lives, if you make
:45:07. > :45:11.them compulsory you will reduce head injuries. That is what has
:45:11. > :45:15.happened, head injuries have gone down in country and states that
:45:15. > :45:19.have introduced mandatory cycle helmets. When you look to the
:45:19. > :45:23.states and Canada that haven't introduced the measures, the rates
:45:23. > :45:27.have gone down at the same rates, there was no effect of the
:45:27. > :45:31.mandatory laws. You can't make the simple causal explanations between
:45:31. > :45:35.trends, and to say therefore if we do this it will go down even
:45:35. > :45:39.further. You write a lot about the sort of human factor, that's in
:45:39. > :45:49.risk as well. What do you think the public believes in terms of crime
:45:49. > :45:51.at the moment, what is your sense? A recent survey by the Royal
:45:51. > :45:56.Statistical Society, the majority of people think crime is going up.
:45:56. > :46:00.Only about a quarter of people think crime is going down, which it
:46:00. > :46:04.has been for nearly 20 years. You feel this is really unfortunate.
:46:04. > :46:08.People also have a feeling, actually a rather small number of
:46:08. > :46:11.people think that crime is a big problem in their area. A lot of
:46:11. > :46:16.people think it is a big problem for the country. I'm afraid to
:46:16. > :46:20.point the finger it has to go at the media. Almost the rarer events
:46:20. > :46:24.occur the bigger coverage they get and people think that these
:46:24. > :46:28.problems are really there when they have been going down. Homicides
:46:28. > :46:31.were at 550 last year, that is almost half the Number Ten years
:46:31. > :46:35.ago. That is a staggering achievement. -- half the number,
:46:35. > :46:45.ten years ago. That is a staggering achievement. Thank you very much
:46:45. > :47:13.
:47:13. > :47:20.indeed. Let's just before we go That's all from tonight, I will be
:47:20. > :47:30.back tomorrow from all of us here a back tomorrow from all of us here a
:47:30. > :47:50.
:47:50. > :47:53.Hello, today's hot spot was Bournemouth at 30.5. It wasn't as
:47:53. > :47:56.hot in south-east England, the areas seeing the highest
:47:56. > :47:59.temperature near 30 expanded further west. It is going to be
:48:00. > :48:03.another day of soaring temperatures to the western side of the UK.
:48:03. > :48:06.Further west you are in Northern Ireland, 28 degrees, could well see
:48:06. > :48:10.that in western Scotland. A hotter day to come here. Some cloud
:48:10. > :48:14.hugging the coast to the north in places, but the cloud brushing the
:48:15. > :48:20.coast of north-east England. Clouds to eastern areas will be more of an
:48:20. > :48:23.issue going into the weekend. It will feel cooler towards eastern
:48:23. > :48:28.coastal counties of England we may shave another degree off south-east
:48:28. > :48:30.England. With the sunshine and shade and the Eastleigh breeze is
:48:30. > :48:37.feels refreshing. For south-west England and North West England, the
:48:37. > :48:41.shot spots will be in the high 20s, to 30 there may be a late day in
:48:41. > :48:44.the North West of England. A hard thing to find if you are looking
:48:44. > :48:47.for. At Lords more sunshine to come here. Looking at things going to
:48:47. > :48:50.the start of the weekend, across the eastern side of Scotland and
:48:50. > :48:53.eastern England, there will be a lot of cloud around to start the
:48:53. > :48:57.day and for some eastern coastal counties in particular, some of
:48:57. > :49:01.that cloud will not clear and temperatures will be held down as a