:00:14. > :00:19.New Government promises on childcare costs, don't alter the
:00:19. > :00:22.fact that British workers and their families are experiencing the
:00:22. > :00:27.fiercest financial squeeze in decade. This wasn't what the future
:00:27. > :00:30.of supposed to be like. A mouth- watering look at the illusion
:00:30. > :00:33.living that will be within everyone's reach in ten years time.
:00:33. > :00:37.The cost of living is territory that Labour would now like to fight
:00:37. > :00:41.the next election on. Shouldn't we all be honest and just admit that
:00:41. > :00:45.expectations for the future are just a fantasy. Do money and power
:00:45. > :00:49.lead to happiness any way? Or just the opposite? Should you really be
:00:49. > :00:52.sharing your time with your loved ones rather than working all hours
:00:52. > :00:57.for material wealth? The Washington power broker, Arianna Huffington
:00:57. > :01:01.thinks so, and is here to make her case.
:01:01. > :01:04.Plus the coastline of England is some of the most stunning in the
:01:04. > :01:08.world, the plan was that you would have the right to walk around all
:01:08. > :01:18.of it uninterrupted if you wanted to, it hasn't happened. Would you
:01:18. > :01:21.
:01:21. > :01:26.eat it? The burger grown from the stem cells of a dead cow? Good
:01:26. > :01:29.evening. The cost of living is now set to be one of the key political
:01:29. > :01:35.battlegrounds of the next general election. At the moment inflation
:01:35. > :01:38.is at 2.9%. Yet wages are rising at the last count by just 1%. So
:01:38. > :01:41.British workers are getting poorer and that's going to last for some
:01:41. > :01:45.time. It's one of the reasons why today the Government said it would
:01:45. > :01:50.help working parents with the cost of childcare if it wins the next
:01:50. > :01:53.election. Labour's happy to push the cost of living theme and will
:01:53. > :01:58.go on the assault with it tomorrow, particularly after recent figures
:01:58. > :02:03.showed the economy has finally begun to grow a bit. Our political
:02:03. > :02:07.editor reports. So to bed after a tiring day
:02:07. > :02:12.keeping a watchful eye on the robots. If you closed your eyes in
:02:12. > :02:17.the 60s to think of life in 2013 you would see shiny new kit with
:02:17. > :02:23.money no object. The hands-free vacuum cleaner hasn't materialised,
:02:23. > :02:26.but people still think our standard of living with continue its
:02:26. > :02:29.exsorable rise. Today the Labour Party makes it political, since
:02:29. > :02:33.coming to power they say David Cameron has allowed living
:02:33. > :02:41.standards for a family to fall by nearly �7,000. About the value,
:02:41. > :02:46.they say, of a small car. Labour use ONS figures to show that
:02:46. > :02:51.Prime Minister Cameron has presided over more months of falling wages
:02:51. > :02:55.than any previous Prime Minister, 36 out of his 37 months in the post.
:02:55. > :03:00.Comparing us with other countries Labour use a House of Commons
:03:00. > :03:06.library calculation to suggest that the UK has seen the biggest fall in
:03:06. > :03:12.workers' income of any country in the G7 since 2010. But for far too
:03:12. > :03:18.many wages are falling and prices are risinging. They feel worse off
:03:18. > :03:23.not better off. Far from feeling they never had it so good, millions
:03:23. > :03:27.of people in Britain are thinking are we ever going to have it so
:03:27. > :03:30.good again. There is now a possibility the economy returns to
:03:30. > :03:34.the same sort of solid growth it saw under the previous Government.
:03:34. > :03:38.The coalition parties will say this vindicates the fiscal decisions the
:03:38. > :03:43.Government has taken. The Labour Party will move on to asking, yes
:03:43. > :03:47.there is a recovery, but what kind of recovery will it be? So there
:03:47. > :03:57.might be growth, but will there be a growth in wages? There might be
:03:57. > :04:03.jobs, but what kind of jobs will they be? What does it say?
:04:03. > :04:06.Last year Newsnight told the story of zero-hours contracts, contracts
:04:06. > :04:10.with no fixed hours. One year on research is published estimating
:04:10. > :04:15.one million workers are on these sorts of contracts. The charge is
:04:15. > :04:18.these people may be in work, but can they actually feed a family on
:04:18. > :04:23.a zero-hours contract. The Business Secretary, Vince Cable, is to
:04:23. > :04:26.review their use, keen to match Labour's attack on falling living
:04:26. > :04:31.standards. There are some calculated risks for the Labour
:04:31. > :04:34.Party in pushing this cost of living agenda. The increase in
:04:34. > :04:40.living standards began to falter early in the last Labour Government
:04:40. > :04:43.as this graph shows. Labour' repost is there are difficult -- Labour's
:04:43. > :04:46.repost is there are difficult structural issues to grapple with.
:04:46. > :04:50.These structural issues means some of Ed Miliband's policies will take
:04:50. > :04:53.as long as this roof to bring down the cost of living. We need to look
:04:54. > :05:00.to the future, not squabbling about the past five years. That means
:05:00. > :05:04.putting in place a real plan for growth now and in the next five,
:05:04. > :05:08.ten, 20, 50 years. That is about a global economy and making the UK
:05:08. > :05:11.Labour market competitive. About attracting business to the UK,
:05:11. > :05:15.about reforming welfare, making sure the planning system can build
:05:15. > :05:19.houses, making sure that we begin with the right shops, right places
:05:19. > :05:22.and right high streets, that is what we need to see from Labour,
:05:22. > :05:25.not political points scoring about what has happened in the past.
:05:25. > :05:30.Recent polling for YouGov suggests people have complicated views on
:05:30. > :05:34.what Governments can do about the cost of living. Many of all
:05:34. > :05:38.persuasions agree that living standards can't be sorted out
:05:38. > :05:40.before economic stability has been achieved. The cost of living isn't
:05:40. > :05:43.that important when people are determining whether the economy
:05:43. > :05:46.feels good or bad to them. It is one of the things that goes into
:05:46. > :05:53.the mix along with growth and unemployment. All these things
:05:53. > :05:57.affect the all-important feel food factor -- "feel-good factor", which
:05:57. > :06:00.is what political scientists believe delivers success in the
:06:00. > :06:04.elections. They are not doing well on the cost of living and they are
:06:04. > :06:08.seen as out-of-touch. But are the Labour Party doing any better? That
:06:08. > :06:11.is the crucial bit and the multimillion dollar question.
:06:11. > :06:16.Really they are not. The Government is ahead on economic credibility in
:06:16. > :06:20.opinion poll, but it also knows it has to act to ease the cost of
:06:20. > :06:26.living. Today the Chancellor announced childcare vouchers.
:06:26. > :06:29.is tax-free childcare which will be a real help to working families. We
:06:29. > :06:33.want to help all families, later in this parliament we will be
:06:33. > :06:37.introducing tax breaks for married couples. But this tax-free
:06:37. > :06:43.childcare will be an enormous help for families on struggling budgets
:06:43. > :06:47.and will help with the cost of living.
:06:47. > :06:53.If oddly, that was the Chancellor needing a child to identify green
:06:53. > :06:57.shoots for him. The price for all politicians is in 2030 whether they
:06:57. > :07:03.have helped these kids as they come out of university or into their
:07:03. > :07:07.first job. That little girl could be a fact-checker for a future
:07:07. > :07:13.Chancellor. We asked the Treasury for someone to talk about the cost
:07:13. > :07:17.of living but no-one was available. With us is the shadow Treasury
:07:17. > :07:21.Minister, Chris Leslie, would Labour stop prices rising faster
:07:21. > :07:24.than wages? A number of things need to be done. Would Labour do that?
:07:24. > :07:28.It is notable the Government haven't taken the action we need on
:07:28. > :07:32.price rises. There are two components to the cost of living
:07:32. > :07:36.issue, one is wages and what is happening on those. Price rises are
:07:36. > :07:39.particularly bad when it comes to the monopoly utility things people
:07:39. > :07:42.have to have to get by. The two things I would point to would be
:07:42. > :07:48.the cost for commuters, for example, in terms of transport getting to
:07:48. > :07:52.and from work, and we know that the rail companies have been hiking up
:07:52. > :07:56.prices, astro no mamically, far more than David Cameron -- as no
:07:56. > :08:00.mamically, far more than David Cameron said. There could be
:08:00. > :08:04.regulation on that. You would help on rail fairs and energy, would
:08:04. > :08:08.Labour be able to stop -- rail fares and energy, would Labour be
:08:08. > :08:12.able to stop prices outstripping wages? That is where you get to the
:08:12. > :08:16.combined policies you need to have. On energy, for example, you get rid
:08:16. > :08:19.of Ofgem, the regulator is just not working. We need to make sure if
:08:20. > :08:23.there are falling wholesale energy prices that those are actually
:08:23. > :08:27.passed on to customers much when it comes to wages, what we have to do
:08:27. > :08:30.is make a choice. Do you have an economy that is skewed towards
:08:30. > :08:34.helping the very wealthiest at the top on the backs of everybody else,
:08:35. > :08:38.or do you try to make sure that everybody gets a fair share of any
:08:38. > :08:42.prosperity and growth we can have. We obviously want the latter. That
:08:42. > :08:46.is an economic choice that you have between the political parties. We
:08:46. > :08:49.certainly haven't seen that over the last three years. Can you go
:08:49. > :08:52.into the next election promising that is something that Labour would
:08:52. > :08:56.guarantee? We want to make sure that we address this cost of living
:08:56. > :09:00.crisis. The fact that we can't even get a Government minister on to
:09:00. > :09:05.debate it shows, I think, how ouch out-of-touch the Government are on
:09:05. > :09:08.this particularish -- how out-of- touch the Government are on thisish
:09:08. > :09:12.particular issue. -- on this particular issue. You didn't
:09:12. > :09:15.address it under the last Labour Government? We had a global
:09:15. > :09:19.financial crisis. Living standards began to stagnate in 2003, way
:09:19. > :09:24.before the financial crisis? reaction we had was not just
:09:24. > :09:28.minimum wage and tax credits, but also reducing VAT. What have George
:09:28. > :09:33.Osborne and David Cameron done? They increase VAT to 20% and so
:09:33. > :09:39.more than any other Prime Minister since records began out of his 37
:09:39. > :09:42.months, for 36 of them we have seen prices way, way outstripping wages.
:09:42. > :09:46.In that one month where apparently there was more income, that is
:09:46. > :09:51.because there was a bonus bonanza at the end of the 50p rate. When
:09:51. > :09:55.that 50p rate of cut for millionaires from 50p to 45p all
:09:55. > :09:58.those bonuses came through. He has the worst record of any Prime
:09:58. > :10:01.Minister, anybody in Number Ten since records began. Under a Labour
:10:01. > :10:05.Government are you saying that voters would be worse off, it just
:10:05. > :10:08.wouldn't be quite so bad as you say it is now? We want voters to be
:10:08. > :10:11.better off. We need a Government that focuses on a strategy to
:10:11. > :10:16.actually do something about this now. We heard the Chancellor
:10:16. > :10:22.talking about childcare, maybe in 2015, what use is that to people
:10:23. > :10:27.now in 2013, or even 2014, who are finding it really difficult to make
:10:27. > :10:30.ends meet. It is one of the core differences of philosophy between
:10:30. > :10:33.the political parties. The Government have a laissez faire,
:10:33. > :10:38.let the market solve it all approach, we are saying let's get
:10:38. > :10:43.on with it, roll up our sleeves and do something about it. You don't
:10:43. > :10:47.need to list what the coalition have done, raising the rate to
:10:47. > :10:51.�10,000, freezing council tax for three years, abandoning the rises
:10:51. > :10:54.in fuel duty scheduled in by the last Labour Government, all of
:10:54. > :11:00.which is helping with living standards? Not only are we seeing
:11:00. > :11:04.in this year the level of prices outstripping wages, people are
:11:04. > :11:10.�1350 worse off. That is also, don't forget, there has been tax
:11:10. > :11:14.rise, VAT and others, as well as some of those cuts in benefit of
:11:14. > :11:16.�891 for the typical family. By the end of the parliament the
:11:17. > :11:24.Treasury's own Office for Budget Responsibility are predicting that
:11:24. > :11:28.the level of loss in people's real wages will cumulatively be �6,660.
:11:28. > :11:33.That is a lot of cost, the loss that people will have felt, thanks
:11:33. > :11:36.to David Cameron's ten years in office. And yet voters still trust
:11:36. > :11:40.David Cameron and George Osborne more than they would your leader
:11:40. > :11:44.and your Shadow Chancellor to run the economy? I would dispute that.
:11:44. > :11:48.Why do you think that is? Polls have consistently shown since June
:11:48. > :11:51.2011, why is that? The public have elected a coalition Government.
:11:51. > :11:56.They wanted to give them the benefit of the doubt. But I think
:11:56. > :11:59.as time goes on and they see that actually they are worse off, they
:11:59. > :12:03.are out of pocket more and more, they are starting to question
:12:03. > :12:07.George Osborne and David Cameron's credibility on this. For all those
:12:07. > :12:11.big macro-economic figures, it will come down to this, do people feel
:12:11. > :12:15.better off having had David Cameron and George Osborne in office? The
:12:15. > :12:21.figures are suggesting that they will be significantly worse off.
:12:21. > :12:26.Thank you very much. Having established that many of us
:12:26. > :12:30.are going to stay feeling poorer for longer, are we also destined to
:12:30. > :12:35.feel more missable and less successful? It depends how you
:12:35. > :12:40.measure it. According to the Editor in Chief of the Huffington Post.
:12:40. > :12:44.The old model where success is long hours, lack of sleep and constantly
:12:44. > :12:49.checking your e-mails isn't working she believes. We will speak to
:12:49. > :12:55.Arianna Huffington in a moment, along with the creator of Purple
:12:55. > :13:00.Ronny, and Professor Winston, who says as we are descended from apes
:13:00. > :13:04.there is not much we can do about the drivers and ambition. First
:13:04. > :13:08.this. Too much and too long we seemed to have surrendered personal
:13:09. > :13:14.excellence and community values in the mere accumulation of material
:13:14. > :13:20.things. Our Gross National Product now is over $800 billion a year.
:13:20. > :13:25.Robert Kennedy gave that critque of GDP as an indicator of America's
:13:25. > :13:31.success in 1968. 42 years later David Cameron said he wanted a
:13:31. > :13:35.whole new measure, GWB, or "general well being". Just as the GDP
:13:35. > :13:39.figures actually they don't give a full story of our economy's growth,
:13:39. > :13:43.but they give us a useful indicator of where we are headed. I believe a
:13:43. > :13:46.new measure won't give the full story of our nation's well being,
:13:46. > :13:51.or our happiness or contentment or the rest of it, of course it won't.
:13:51. > :13:54.It could give us a general picture of whether life is improving.
:13:54. > :13:58.According to Arianna Huffington it is time to redefine success beyond
:13:58. > :14:02.money and wealth, because of the state of the country's mental
:14:02. > :14:06.health. One in four Britons are suffering from anxiety or
:14:06. > :14:10.depression. Andrew Stead thinks she's on to something. He used to
:14:10. > :14:13.be a GDP kind of guy. I was very fortunate, I didn't have to worry
:14:14. > :14:18.about money, I could plan a holiday without really thinking about it.
:14:18. > :14:21.He was a very wealthy banker at Goldman Sachs, now he runs
:14:21. > :14:26.happiness workshops teaching people that money doesn't matter nearly as
:14:26. > :14:29.much as they think it does. Surely only someone who has experienced
:14:29. > :14:34.the Joyce of first class travel would have the nerve to say that
:14:34. > :14:39.money isn't that important? I think it is a very fair point. It is
:14:39. > :14:44.levelled at every single person at every level of society. If you own
:14:44. > :14:48.a yacht you are a member of the yacht club and surrounded by people
:14:48. > :14:52.who own yachts. It is a question of understanding what you want and not
:14:52. > :14:56.wanting to jump on, the jumping in the competition can't continue and
:14:56. > :15:01.at some point it has to stop. We have to accept the level we have to
:15:01. > :15:04.be comfortable and accept that, and it is within reasonably modest
:15:04. > :15:08.means we can open up a huge level of happiness anden gauge in society
:15:08. > :15:16.in a different way. David Cameron's general well being index never
:15:16. > :15:26.materialised, but the Government is publishing happiness data.
:15:26. > :15:45.
:15:45. > :15:50.Apparently we are more cheery than The data shows that Britain comes
:15:50. > :15:53.10th in the happiness table, out of the EU's 27 states.
:15:53. > :15:57.Could it have been Danny Boyle, Olympic gold and the Diamond
:15:57. > :16:01.Jubilee that helped the country's mood? Or was last year's drop in
:16:01. > :16:05.unemployment much more significant? The statisticians say they don't
:16:05. > :16:09.know, but the research on the relationship between the economy
:16:09. > :16:13.and happiness keeps changing. think obviously money matters, the
:16:13. > :16:17.question is how much off and for what reason. There has been a lot
:16:17. > :16:21.of back and forth in the research over decades about whether above a
:16:22. > :16:25.certain level, having more money makes you happier. For a long time
:16:25. > :16:29.people seem to think that above a very basic threshold more money
:16:29. > :16:33.didn't make any difference. Now the research has all come back in a
:16:33. > :16:38.different direction and suggesting no, it is worth having more money
:16:38. > :16:40.for your happiness, pretty much indefinitely. If money brings
:16:40. > :16:46.happiness then Sloane Square in Chelsea should be the most chipper
:16:46. > :16:50.place on earth. We asked well seasoned observers of the well-
:16:50. > :16:54.heeled. Most of the people I serve up here don't seem very happeny. I
:16:55. > :17:01.don't know why. Does it surprise that they are not happy? Yeah, if I
:17:01. > :17:08.had a �3 million house I reckon I would be quite happy. I never find
:17:08. > :17:13.them that happy. How do they seem? A little bit miserable, to be
:17:13. > :17:16.perfectly honest. I suppose they work 12-16 hour days to earn that.
:17:16. > :17:19.What does Andrew Stead recommend? Well think happy thoughts and
:17:19. > :17:28.remember to think about them by applying stickers on your gadgets.
:17:28. > :17:32.Well it works for him. Let's speak to three people success
:17:32. > :17:38.by anyone's standards but are they happy. Arianna Huffington is the
:17:38. > :17:45.founder of the Huffington Post. Lord Winston is author of Human
:17:45. > :17:48.Instinct, and also with them is the author of Purple Ronnie, who spent
:17:49. > :17:53.�35,000 of his own money making a short film to cheer up Britain. We
:17:53. > :18:00.will ask if that worked in a moment. First of all, what is happiness and
:18:00. > :18:05.how do you measure it? Well going back to the Greek philosophers,
:18:05. > :18:09.Socrates, others, they talked about flourishing, they linked it a lot
:18:09. > :18:13.to a sense of purpose. The founding fathers in the states talked about
:18:13. > :18:19.the pursuit of happiness in the declaration of independence, it
:18:19. > :18:23.hasn't just the pursuit of having fun, it was again feeling good by
:18:23. > :18:29.doing good. Happiness is something which has to go beyond these
:18:29. > :18:33.measures of success that our culture has endorsed, money and
:18:33. > :18:37.power, the first two measures of success. That's an old model and
:18:37. > :18:42.you are saying that's broken, that doesn't work any more? It is broken,
:18:42. > :18:47.exactly. Who says?The data says it. If you look around here in the UK,
:18:47. > :18:52.or in the US or anywhere in the world you see the data about
:18:53. > :18:58.depression, stress, stress-related diseases, whether it is high blood
:18:58. > :19:03.pressure, diabetes, heart disease, really growing. Here in the UK just
:19:03. > :19:08.in the last year we have data for in one year anti-depressant
:19:08. > :19:12.prescriptions have gone up by over 9%. A third of people say they
:19:12. > :19:15.can't sleep. Sleeping pill prescriptions are sky rocketing.
:19:15. > :19:20.Stress, anxiety disorders, clearly there is something wrong. That is
:19:20. > :19:23.why I think, even though the idea behind having a happiness index is
:19:23. > :19:25.really great, and it would be wonderful to have the conversation
:19:25. > :19:32.we are having here, a national conversation about what it really
:19:32. > :19:37.means and how we can be happier, the data of the survey is really
:19:37. > :19:41.pretty meaningless and it is contradicted by the data I just
:19:41. > :19:43.quoted. Robert Winston do we have time in our Daily lives to have
:19:43. > :19:46.national conversations about happiness? There is something
:19:46. > :19:50.really in what you are saying, what is interesting, I'm not quite sure
:19:50. > :19:54.how old you are Giles, but I suspect that you Victoria and Giles
:19:54. > :20:00.are much more likely to be less happy than you and I are, I'm
:20:00. > :20:05.likely to be the most happy, as you get older it is shown that you get
:20:05. > :20:09.happier and happier until you completely gaga when you are
:20:09. > :20:13.totally happy. Apparently people seem to be least happy in their
:20:13. > :20:16.mid-40s which is when they are striving hardest to keep up. That
:20:16. > :20:21.rather supports your argument. Giles how old are you, and are you
:20:21. > :20:28.the least happy of the three people here? I wouldn't want to presume to
:20:28. > :20:32.assume, I'm 47 and this evening I feel happy. But actually there is
:20:32. > :20:36.definitely data that I have two daughters who are 20 and 24, they
:20:36. > :20:41.are the most stressed generation. A lot of it is to do with technology.
:20:41. > :20:49.The prevalence of technology, the fact that many of us never
:20:49. > :20:52.disconnect has a very deteriorating effect on it. That is part of the
:20:52. > :20:57.old model that you have rejected, but you have subscribed to that
:20:57. > :21:01.model throughout your working life. The long hours and the addiction to
:21:01. > :21:05.the technology. You ran the Huffington Post, still Editor in
:21:05. > :21:09.Chief, on-line newspaper, incredibly successful, sold to AOL
:21:09. > :21:13.for hundreds of millions of dollars, you can reject the model because
:21:13. > :21:18.you have made it? I'm not rejecting the model. We are saying you need
:21:18. > :21:24.to include a third metric, it is not to reject the first two and
:21:24. > :21:29.live in the desert somewhere, but we are going to include if our
:21:29. > :21:35.lives are to be happier and more fulfiling is to include a third
:21:35. > :21:39.metric, our well being, tapping into our own wisdom and make better
:21:39. > :21:44.decisions, a way of looking at the wonder of life, and to give back.
:21:44. > :21:47.These are the four elements that make a more fulfiling life. Let's
:21:47. > :21:51.go with the third metric, will we give it the attention above the
:21:51. > :21:56.other two? That is an interesting question, obviously you have done
:21:56. > :22:00.that with your work because part of it is retaining some of the
:22:00. > :22:05.childlike quality of our lives which we tend to lose in middle-age,
:22:05. > :22:09.but then perhaps regain again when we become grandparents. Do you
:22:09. > :22:12.agree with that? Funnily enough when I think about happiness and
:22:12. > :22:16.what constitutes happiness, I always come up with one word which
:22:16. > :22:19.is playfulness, that is what Robert was talking about. There are all
:22:19. > :22:23.sort of elements that constitute happiness. For me playfulness is
:22:23. > :22:27.one of them. I think we need to look at the very natural way in
:22:27. > :22:31.which children present themselves. We can learn a great deal from them
:22:31. > :22:34.about how we are designed as human beings, about how we should operate,
:22:34. > :22:38.about how we should move forwards. There is quite a lot of evidence
:22:38. > :22:43.that happy children are less likely to be depressed when they are
:22:43. > :22:48.adults. So there is an advantage in having a good, loving, stable
:22:48. > :22:52.relationship as a very young person. There is also, interestingly about
:22:52. > :22:57.the model you are talking about, what some research shows is all you
:22:57. > :23:00.need to do is earn a thousand dollars a year more than your next
:23:00. > :23:05.door neighbour and you will be happier. It is only a thousand
:23:05. > :23:11.dollars, when it guess goes up it doesn't work any more. I don't
:23:11. > :23:15.think there has to be a trade-off. If you go to work places fuelled by
:23:15. > :23:18.burnout and sleep depravation and exhaustion, the leaders don't make
:23:18. > :23:23.good decisions. If you look at the financial meltdown, where were
:23:23. > :23:28.they? Where were the CEOs who missed what was happening. Maybe if
:23:28. > :23:32.they had gotten a good eight hours sleep and done their mediation and
:23:32. > :23:35.yoga. Is it as simple as that?I think at the moment we are led in
:23:35. > :23:39.politics, business and media by many leaders who are exhausted,
:23:39. > :23:43.sleep deprived, burnt out and making terrible decisions. I think
:23:43. > :23:47.if they could take some time to tap into their own wisdom they would
:23:47. > :23:50.make better decisions. It is probably dealing with uncertainty.
:23:50. > :23:54.We are living in an increasingly uncertain world, how we deal with
:23:54. > :23:58.that is really quite important. Religion comes into this, because
:23:58. > :24:01.certainly evidence those that one way of dealing with uncertainty is
:24:01. > :24:05.being religious that tends to reduce the amount of unhappiness
:24:05. > :24:09.that people express, I don't know if it is true. That is widely
:24:09. > :24:12.stated. Giles, can I ask you, you some years ago you went through
:24:12. > :24:18.Cannes, you have experienced depression, do you think that means
:24:18. > :24:22.that you are more able than others to know what happiness is? With
:24:22. > :24:29.cancer perhaps not so much. I had cancer when I was in my early 20s.
:24:29. > :24:32.Depression I think without question, I had that five years ago. It is
:24:32. > :24:37.the most extraordinary sort of violent illness, quite unlike what
:24:37. > :24:40.people who haven't had it might understand the term "depression" to
:24:40. > :24:45.constitute. The one remarkable thing about it which I think is an
:24:45. > :24:48.extraordinary prif lipbl actually is to recover from depression,
:24:48. > :24:53.which almost everybody does as you know. When you recover you look at
:24:53. > :24:58.the world with new eyes, you regain your capacity to experience joy, as
:24:58. > :25:03.if for the first time. I think that is incredibly rewarding. That is
:25:03. > :25:08.really important, in his essay on experience, Montain thanks fortune
:25:08. > :25:17.for having given him the pain of bladder stone, because when he is
:25:17. > :25:20.pain free he understands what is happiness. So in order to
:25:20. > :25:24.understand happiness you have to be unhappy. It wipes your soul clear,
:25:24. > :25:29.it is a privilege to experience joy, for me it is simple human things,
:25:29. > :25:32.it is the connectivity between human beings, love is another way
:25:32. > :25:38.of expressing it. Almost anything that has been written about
:25:38. > :25:41.happiness, love is one of the most fundamental tenets, one of the most
:25:41. > :25:46.fundamental ingredients to the recipe of producing a happy life.
:25:46. > :25:51.Do you think you might be guilty perhaps of imposing this, let's
:25:51. > :25:55.have beds in offices, don't be addicteded to the technology. That
:25:55. > :25:59.might make some people happy, checking their e mails the whole
:25:59. > :26:03.time, are you guilty of imposing what you think makes people happy
:26:03. > :26:08.on others? Firstly there is no imposition, this is a choice that
:26:09. > :26:17.companies make right now in the States 25% of corporations have
:26:17. > :26:24.introduced some form of mindfulness provision. At the Huffington Post
:26:24. > :26:29.we have nap spaces and yoga. A lot of companies have found a
:26:29. > :26:34.correlation of productivity and retention of talent and having
:26:34. > :26:39.employee focus and a work place that is less fuelled by burnout.
:26:39. > :26:43.What they said about gratitude and love, that is ultimately the third
:26:43. > :26:47.metric, if we can bring these into our lives in whatever form that
:26:47. > :26:49.make sense for each one of us, we have lives that are much more
:26:49. > :26:53.fulfiling. Thank you very much, thank you for coming on the
:26:53. > :26:57.programme, thank you. Now if you want to go walking
:26:57. > :27:00.around the coast of England, perhaps that might make you happy,
:27:00. > :27:04.the entire coast, you will have to wait a while, the Government has
:27:04. > :27:08.admitted to us that its target date for a continuous path around the
:27:08. > :27:11.English coast is likely to slip, because not surprisingly it is not
:27:11. > :27:15.a spending priority in the current climate. One of the reasons
:27:15. > :27:20.ministers agreed to the plan in the first place was to encourage more
:27:20. > :27:26.people to use the coastline. Would a continuous path succeed in doing
:27:26. > :27:29.that, as ramblers insist, or would scarce public funds be better spent
:27:29. > :27:33.developing coastal FA tillties that already exist. We begin the journey
:27:33. > :27:43.in Wales, where there has been a continuous coastal path for over a
:27:43. > :27:45.
:27:45. > :27:48.year. Unhur yod and uncrowded, this
:27:48. > :27:53.corner -- unhurried and uncrowded, this corner of South Wales has
:27:53. > :28:01.always had pilgrims, drawn by dramatic coastlines and glorious
:28:01. > :28:10.nature, an area steeped in history and poetry. The sunny afternoon
:28:10. > :28:18.yawns and moons through the dozy town. The sea lolls, laps and idles
:28:18. > :28:22.in, with fishes sleeping in its lap. This area reeks of Dylan Thomas,
:28:22. > :28:27.everyone has a tale to tell, they used to babysit his kids, drink
:28:27. > :28:37.over there. We know for sure that these three he isturies and the
:28:37. > :28:39.
:28:39. > :28:43.three villages provided a lot of inspiration for some of his work.
:28:43. > :28:46.While the towns are better known and connected, this village has
:28:46. > :28:50.always been off the literary tourist trail, maybe this
:28:50. > :28:53.unassuming piece of tarmac is bringing change to the village. It
:28:53. > :28:57.is the Wales Coast Path, which for the first time directly links the
:28:57. > :29:07.three villages and connects them to a longer route right around the
:29:07. > :29:10.coast of Wales. What is this place? Scotch Bay. It is a mix of
:29:10. > :29:14.traditional path and new construction, 1400kms in all,
:29:14. > :29:19.mostly hugging the coast. It opened just over a year ago. Now I'm not
:29:19. > :29:23.planning on doing the whole thing, but to get a flavour I joined some
:29:23. > :29:29.local enthusiasts. What is the Wales Coast Path doing? What is the
:29:29. > :29:32.purpose of it? It is rather nice that it is uniting Wales. All the
:29:32. > :29:37.orientation for Wales are roads west to east, now we have a path
:29:37. > :29:43.going right round. But the path was also built to attract not just
:29:43. > :29:48.locals, but visitors from further afield. And the main attraction
:29:48. > :29:52.here is where I met Michael on holiday from Manchester, he
:29:52. > :29:57.appreciates the continuity? It is never a steal way, the coastal path
:29:57. > :30:02.for us was a big push. We like to see different views and literally
:30:02. > :30:07.every section of the path has been, the views have been amaze, we have
:30:07. > :30:13.had to stop and take it all in, it has been breath taking. In purely
:30:13. > :30:17.economic terms the Wales Coast Path cost �16 million, it is estimated
:30:17. > :30:22.it added the same amount to the Welsh economy in the first year,
:30:22. > :30:26.when almost three million people used it. Here they hope it will
:30:26. > :30:30.help them benefit more from next year's Dylan Thomas centinary.
:30:30. > :30:35.Already they say a few more visitors are trickling in. We are
:30:35. > :30:40.not overrun by new visitors but any visitor is welcome to a small
:30:41. > :30:46.business, you know. They may spend pennies, but they may spend a
:30:46. > :30:50.couple of pounds, every penny count, it is as simple as that. Wales
:30:50. > :30:54.claims to be the first country in the world to link up its coastline
:30:54. > :30:58.like this. Serious walkers think England should hurry up and do the
:30:58. > :31:02.same. We are afterall an island nation, we have an affinity with
:31:02. > :31:06.the sea. Actually over 30% of our coastline is closed off to us. We
:31:06. > :31:11.want to open it up to allow people not just to go to the honey pots
:31:11. > :31:15.like Brighton Beach but to spread out and enjoy themselves. This is
:31:15. > :31:20.about not just people able to walk over long distances, but for people
:31:20. > :31:30.to go with their grandchildren and wiggle their toes in the sand and
:31:30. > :31:33.
:31:33. > :31:40.go rock pooling and own and explore and love their coast again.
:31:40. > :31:45.I have left South Wales for the other side of the Bristol Channel.
:31:45. > :31:50.Here on the coast of Somerset as undiscovered beauty, it is
:31:50. > :31:55.undiscovered because you can't get to it. This is as far as I can go,
:31:55. > :31:59.if I want to carry on and reach the next town of cleave done over there,
:31:59. > :32:03.it is only about three miles along the coast, but all this behind me
:32:03. > :32:08.is private farmland. Right now I need to go back the way I have just
:32:08. > :32:18.come, go all the way around, across the M5 twice to get there. It is a
:32:18. > :32:20.
:32:20. > :32:25.total of seven miles. At this spot there is not even a pros posed --
:32:25. > :32:29.proposed coastal route, like many places the path just ends.
:32:29. > :32:36.Hopefully there will be an upgrading of old ones and building
:32:36. > :32:40.of new ones. There are paths around the 4,500kms of coast. The first
:32:40. > :32:46.new stretch around Weymouth Bay and Dorset opened last July in time for
:32:46. > :32:50.the Olympic sailing events. Last month two more stretches in Cumbria
:32:50. > :32:56.and the north-east got the go ahead for construction work to start.
:32:56. > :33:00.DEFRA is currently considering one route in north Norfolk, and will
:33:00. > :33:07.look at five other routes in the coming months. The target by 2019
:33:07. > :33:11.is to complete 1900kms, 40% of the England Coast Path. This is a spot
:33:11. > :33:14.in Somerset where there is a proposed route, but it has less
:33:14. > :33:18.than unanimous support. Julian Browning has farmed this land for
:33:18. > :33:22.30 years, he says he and other farmers already provide routes for
:33:22. > :33:28.walkers to enjoy the coast, they are called permissive paths, we're
:33:28. > :33:33.on one now. We have now got to what I want to show you. It is lovely
:33:33. > :33:37.isn't it? The England Coast path would run along the cliff top,
:33:37. > :33:42.Julian said that would cause him economic loss and simply isn't
:33:42. > :33:49.justified. We get no compensation for being forced to have this path.
:33:49. > :33:55.There are other walks, many other walks. Miles, 75% of this country
:33:55. > :34:00.has got a path around the cliff edge. I don't see why they should
:34:00. > :34:05.want to or have to in these austere times be spending money on putting
:34:05. > :34:09.one in the other 25% when people have plenty of walks to do. Julian
:34:09. > :34:14.will get a chance to object later this year, but something else is
:34:14. > :34:20.more likely to stall the England coast path, budgets. The Government
:34:20. > :34:24.is obliged by legislation to build it at a total cost of �4.5 million,
:34:24. > :34:27.it is not a lot for an infrastructure project. Still the
:34:27. > :34:32.minister responsible admitted to me that with spending cuts looming,
:34:32. > :34:38.there are higher priorities, and that target date of 2019 looks
:34:38. > :34:43.unlikely. If it takes a year or two more to do than we originally
:34:43. > :34:46.planned, it is a noble ambition we will be delivering I think. I want
:34:46. > :34:51.to concentrate on areas where there is the most economic benefit. Like
:34:51. > :34:54.a lot of things, you know, I would love to be able to be playing with
:34:54. > :34:59.a different deck of cards than we inherited three years ago. If that
:34:59. > :35:04.means you have to take longer then we have to. It won't be much longer.
:35:04. > :35:09.The minister bonders if a continuous path is even the best --
:35:09. > :35:12.bonders if a continuous path is even the best way to spend scant
:35:12. > :35:17.resources? There is a small percentage of people who want to
:35:17. > :35:20.walk from Deal to Portsmouth, if they want to do that good, we will
:35:20. > :35:24.have a coastal path in time for them to do that. I'm concerned
:35:24. > :35:27.about the people who can bring maximum benefit to coastal
:35:27. > :35:31.communities and businesses. We have to make cuts, everyone is making
:35:31. > :35:35.cuts, but the Government is also protecting those things that it
:35:35. > :35:39.thinks will bring growth. It is an infrom structure investment, and we
:35:39. > :35:42.think that the coast -- it is infrastructure investment, we think
:35:42. > :35:46.the coastal path is a massive investment for the rural economy.
:35:46. > :35:50.Our coastal towns are some of the most depressed areas, this is a way
:35:50. > :35:54.of bringing resources in. It would be cheap. Both the Government and
:35:54. > :36:04.the ramblers want to get more people to the coast. Where they
:36:04. > :36:04.
:36:04. > :36:11.disagree is whether a continuous path is the best way to do it. Here
:36:11. > :36:15.the tribulations of the England coast path seem very far away. One
:36:15. > :36:21.year since the path opened here we couldn't find anyone who thought it
:36:21. > :36:31.was bad idea. They appreciate its unifying quality. It fit with the
:36:31. > :36:33.
:36:33. > :36:39.poetry of this place. In a very odd news conference today, a burger,
:36:39. > :36:44.originally grown in a lab in the Netherlands, was fried and eaten in
:36:44. > :36:49.London in front of members of the media. Scientists had originally
:36:49. > :36:55.taken thousands of cells from a dead cow and turned them into
:36:55. > :36:59.strips which they combined to make a beef pattie. It cost thousands of
:36:59. > :37:04.pounds to reproduce, but they believe it could be sustainable way
:37:04. > :37:08.of meeting the global demand for meat. Or we could eat less meat
:37:08. > :37:13.some people say. The inventor of this food is Mark Post. This is
:37:13. > :37:19.just to show we can do it. The technology is there, we can create
:37:19. > :37:22.a hamburger, cook it, eat it. We can make a good argument that it
:37:23. > :37:30.eventually will be ethical and more environmentally friendly. But you
:37:30. > :37:34.no in order to improve it, it will take us probably ten, twenty years
:37:34. > :37:39.to get it into the supermarket. was expecting the texture to be
:37:39. > :37:45.soft, there is a bite to it. There is quite some flavour with the
:37:45. > :37:52.browning. And I know there is no fat in it, so I didn't really know
:37:52. > :37:57.how juicy it will be. But there is quite intense taste. What was just
:37:57. > :38:06.said, the absence is I feel like the fat. You know it is a leanness
:38:06. > :38:15.to it. But the bite feels like a conventional hamburger. Let's talk
:38:15. > :38:21.about the petrie dish pattie with Ken Cook an environmentalist and
:38:21. > :38:24.critic of traditional ago culture, and we have a financial times and
:38:24. > :38:29.food author. Would you eat it Tim? I would try anything once, I'm not
:38:29. > :38:34.sure how it would add to the greater good. You would eat it once
:38:34. > :38:37.but no more. What about you? Absolutely, we all wanted to try it
:38:37. > :38:42.today but there was not enough of it. It will be a long time before
:38:42. > :38:46.there is enough of it. This is the proto-type phase to see if it is
:38:46. > :38:50.even doable. Then it will be up to consumers. Is there any demand that
:38:50. > :38:54.you can detect from consumers? there isn't demand, ultimately when
:38:54. > :38:57.it comes to market if it is not affordable, if they don't like it
:38:58. > :39:00.this will all have been just a science experiment. But the
:39:00. > :39:05.possibility that it would offer something to consumer that rises
:39:05. > :39:08.really out of an understanding of how we produce beef now, at least
:39:08. > :39:15.in the United States, gives me reason to believe that it is worth
:39:15. > :39:23.looking at this technology. Because it could solve some problems.
:39:23. > :39:28.For example, 50,000 pounds of beef was recalled a few days ago in
:39:28. > :39:33.Kansas city, Missouri, because it was infected with a virulant and
:39:33. > :39:36.dangerous strain of E-coli bacteria, it can be fatal for children or
:39:36. > :39:40.those with immune compromised systems. This won't be a problem
:39:40. > :39:45.with this kind of beef in the production phase. We won't see the
:39:45. > :39:51.water use or the CO2 concentrations impacted. We're not going to see
:39:51. > :39:56.the use of hormones, antibiotics or 70% of our arable land still used
:39:56. > :40:00.for beef production. Tim has nodded alongside apart from the last thing
:40:00. > :40:04.where you raised your eyebrows? problem for me, probably is we
:40:04. > :40:10.should be trying to think slightly differently about how we consume
:40:10. > :40:14.meat any way. Eat less of it?Yeah, eat a lot less of it. I love a nice
:40:14. > :40:18.bit of meat, if the price went up and it became more difficult I kind
:40:18. > :40:23.of wouldn't mind. It is so depressing we put all the
:40:23. > :40:29.scientific thought for something in a few years time that quite
:40:29. > :40:33.possibly will give as you hamburger, how utterly depressing. It may have
:40:33. > :40:36.cost �215,000 this time, is it not worth trying? Yes, the proof of
:40:36. > :40:40.concept is terrific. I would rather we would use all this might to come
:40:40. > :40:44.up with ways of making mushrooms taste really fantastic. That is
:40:44. > :40:49.down to you two, you are the food writer and environmentalist? I'm in
:40:49. > :40:53.favour of that. Eating less beef, I know in my family I grew up in the
:40:53. > :40:58.Midwest, my uncles were cattlemen, I spent my summers on cattle
:40:58. > :41:02.operations, I eat a lot less beef now in my family than back then, I
:41:02. > :41:06.think most Americans should. We eat too much. I also think as someone
:41:06. > :41:10.observed at the press conference today is this going to excite
:41:10. > :41:14.vegetarians, and vegetarians should probably remain vegetarians, that
:41:15. > :41:18.is the best thing to do of all. As a technology that could fill the
:41:18. > :41:21.gap we have hundreds of people entering the middle-classes around
:41:21. > :41:24.the world with different aspirations than ours to eat animal
:41:24. > :41:29.protein, we have a growing population on top of that. So if
:41:29. > :41:32.this could provide an option for animal protein that would eliminate
:41:32. > :41:36.other problems, it is worth a proto-type and worth seeing if it
:41:36. > :41:41.could make a difference. science shouldn't gross us out, the
:41:41. > :41:47.idea we are making meat, the news story make people feel creepy, but
:41:48. > :41:51.half the stuff we are eating, particularly in fast food, is so
:41:51. > :41:55.much overmanufactured, the cows have been massively inflated with
:41:55. > :41:59.grain they shouldn't. We don't see it, just a bun with lettuce. In the
:41:59. > :42:04.United States if you wanted today see a feed lot or slaughterhouse
:42:04. > :42:09.facility, good luck getting one of your cameras in, it is kept behind
:42:09. > :42:14.closed doors, that is the ick factor for the beef in the United
:42:14. > :42:18.States that we do eat. My first reaction when I heard about test-
:42:18. > :42:23.tube beef was, that doesn't sound too appealing to me until I gave it
:42:23. > :42:26.a second thought about what it might displace. If it displaces the
:42:26. > :42:31.worst of beef production and provides something that consumers
:42:31. > :42:34.accept is safe, is labelled, it meet all those otherest its, then I
:42:34. > :42:39.think we will see if consumers like it or not and give it a go.
:42:39. > :42:45.might, people might be squeamish about this technology b this lab-
:42:45. > :42:48.grown stuff, as you mentioned the horsemeat scandals with the current
:42:48. > :42:51.production, haven't we? That was truly appalling, what is really
:42:51. > :42:56.interesting is how fast people have forgotten it. Nobody is talking
:42:56. > :43:01.about horse any more? No, that's true and everybody is buying mince
:43:01. > :43:05.beef off the supermarket shelves. As a chef are you keen to try other
:43:05. > :43:09.lab-grown food to use it in your dishes? I don't suppose I would
:43:09. > :43:15.have any objection to it if it was genuinely delicious and an
:43:15. > :43:19.improvement on what we have. I'm more interested in thinking about
:43:19. > :43:23.meat as a luxury good again. That is the real creative challenge I
:43:23. > :43:29.think. But we do like our steaks, don't we, and our sasauges? And a
:43:29. > :43:35.nice burger. That was the problem with the test, no ketchup, no
:43:35. > :43:40.pickles. No fries. Beetroot juice, saffron. Could you have made it
:43:40. > :43:47.taste delicious, there was saffron, beetroot juice and breadcrumbs?
:43:47. > :43:57.Nobody jumped out and said it was delicious. Thank you very much. Now
:43:57. > :43:57.
:43:57. > :44:42.Apology for the loss of subtitles for 44 seconds
:44:42. > :44:48.That's almost it for tonight, apart from this, as soon as Peter Capaldi
:44:48. > :44:54.was revealed as the new doctor who, the race was on to produce the new
:44:54. > :45:01.sweary YouTube mash-up, this one might be the winner.
:45:01. > :45:07.What happened to me? BEEP time travelled. E-BEEPing enough.You
:45:07. > :45:14.need to shut your BEEPing mouth. Pick up any BEEPing weapon you can
:45:14. > :45:20.and shut the BEEP up. Run you clever boy. BEEP off.I want you to
:45:20. > :45:24.make a bomb and explode it, today. Life it interesting at last, I have
:45:24. > :45:34.been so BEEPing bored for the last two years. It is the end of the
:45:34. > :45:34.
:45:35. > :45:37.world as we know it. You are a mouse in a maze. Some parts of the
:45:37. > :45:41.UK were subjected to torrential thundery rain today, but the rest
:45:41. > :45:44.of the week is looking much quieter. It will be a cool start tomorrow,
:45:45. > :45:48.but there will be plenty of morning sunshine. Then clouds going to
:45:48. > :45:52.build, so bright or sunny spells around in the afternoon. Unlike
:45:52. > :45:56.today it is looking mainly dry. The odd rogue shower in Northern
:45:56. > :45:58.Ireland, one or two scattered around the north and North West of
:45:58. > :46:01.around the north and North West of Scotland. In Scotland most will be
:46:01. > :46:06.light and dry and bright weather inbetween. Temperatures close to
:46:06. > :46:09.normal for the time of year. 24 degrees and the warm spot of East
:46:09. > :46:14.Anglia and south-east England. It is a pretty quiet afternoon
:46:14. > :46:18.compared with today across England and Wales, it won't be clear blue
:46:18. > :46:21.skies, bright or sunny spells coming through the cloud. A vastly
:46:21. > :46:27.different day across south-west England and Wales. Some parts of
:46:27. > :46:31.Wales have seen around 75mms, three muchs of rain in the past 24 hours
:46:31. > :46:38.or so. The dryer break will continue as we go deeper into the
:46:38. > :46:43.week. There will be a few showers popping up on Wednesday and
:46:43. > :46:46.Thursday, the odd heavy and slow moving one. It will be hit and mis.