:00:11. > :00:15.It's the Love Actually moment for the union. The Prime Minister will
:00:16. > :00:21.tomorrow make his most emotive appeal so far to keep Scotland in
:00:22. > :00:24.the UK. Will evoking the Team GB Olympic spirit play better at
:00:25. > :00:27.Westminster than in the Western Isles.
:00:28. > :00:31.On the eve of the winter Olympic, new warnings from US security about
:00:32. > :00:36.the terror threat. We have exclusive new information.
:00:37. > :00:39.We have heard directly from the militant group threatening to take
:00:40. > :00:44.the games in so muchy. They have told us Russia's unprecedented
:00:45. > :00:52.security measures won't stop them. Also tonight, cancer envy. I wish I
:00:53. > :00:59.had testicular cancer. I wish I had breast cancer. Noel Hunter, whose
:01:00. > :01:10.daughter died of cancer, takes issue with the charity who dreamt up the
:01:11. > :01:13.campaign. Good evening, David Cameron has
:01:14. > :01:16.clearly decided that the time has come for him to try to take the
:01:17. > :01:19.debate over Scotland's independence by the throat. Newsnight has learned
:01:20. > :01:24.that tomorrow the Prime Minister will use the site of the London
:01:25. > :01:27.Olympics to rally the whole of the UK to the cause of the union.
:01:28. > :01:33.Envoking triumphs there and equating them with the success of the UK.
:01:34. > :01:37.Joined from Glasgow. What do we know about the speech? First where it is
:01:38. > :01:41.going to take place, as you say he will wrap himself, not only in the
:01:42. > :01:45.colours of the Union Flag, the red, white and blue, but also try to wrap
:01:46. > :01:49.himself in the gloryies of that very British summer of 2012, when
:01:50. > :01:54.athletes from all four of the home nation competed together as Team GB,
:01:55. > :01:58.he will evoke that spirit very positively, he will say for me the
:01:59. > :02:01.best thing about the Olympics was not the winning but the red white
:02:02. > :02:06.and blue, everybody cheering as one team for GB. It is that team he
:02:07. > :02:14.wants to talk about the United Kingdom. He will also and clearly
:02:15. > :02:20.try to outline an alternative patriotism for the Scots, an British
:02:21. > :02:24.patriotism. He's addressing people outside Scotland, voters who don't
:02:25. > :02:27.have a vote in England, Wales and Northern Ireland, that although they
:02:28. > :02:31.don't have a vote they can have a say. They can try to persuade
:02:32. > :02:35.friends in Scotland of the vert its of staying in the union. He is
:02:36. > :02:40.saying from us to the people of Scotland let the message be this, we
:02:41. > :02:44.want them to stay. He's calling on the people of Northern Ireland and
:02:45. > :02:51.England to intervene in the debate and showing they care. Why now?
:02:52. > :02:55.There is a growing sense that Whitehall are pretty rattled by the
:02:56. > :02:58.way they are going. The polls show the gap between yes and no to
:02:59. > :03:02.independence is narrowing. One poll a couple of weeks ago showed that
:03:03. > :03:06.the support for yes to independence had increased by five points since
:03:07. > :03:10.September. Support for no had dropped five points since September.
:03:11. > :03:17.That makes the gap, according to that poll only 7%. That gap is. In
:03:18. > :03:22.the euro election, coming in May, it looks like UKIP will do well in
:03:23. > :03:28.England, according to the same poll, the SNP are set to take 42% and UKIP
:03:29. > :03:31.in Scotland 7%. That will enable the nationalists to argue who are the
:03:32. > :03:36.real isolationists in this debate. Who are the real seperatists? Not
:03:37. > :03:41.us. There is a accepts here that some people, some undecided voters
:03:42. > :03:44.are on some kind of journey from no to yes. And there is emerge anything
:03:45. > :03:48.Scotland a block of people who are not nationalists, who don't like
:03:49. > :03:52.nationalism and never supported Alex Salmond, but nonetheless will vote
:03:53. > :03:55.yes. That is very concerning in Whitehall. How do you think the
:03:56. > :03:59.tenor of this speech will go down in Scotland and the rest of the UK? In
:04:00. > :04:03.the rest of the UK it has been pretty hard to engage the rest of
:04:04. > :04:07.the UK in the debate. Traditionally most people outside Scotland have
:04:08. > :04:10.seen this as a matter traditionally for the Scots alone. Except where it
:04:11. > :04:15.impacts on people outside of Scotland. But in Scotland the risks
:04:16. > :04:20.are very clear. David Cameron has stayed out of it until now, because
:04:21. > :04:23.he knows a certain kind of stridant, Epping illusion, Conservative voice
:04:24. > :04:26.has a very negative effect in Scotland. Remember of the 59
:04:27. > :04:35.Westminster MPs only one is a Conservative. And that the coalition
:04:36. > :04:40.that governs the UK at the moment is consisting of two parties that came
:04:41. > :04:45.third and fourth in Scotland. There is a legitimacy question. And David
:04:46. > :04:48.Cameron has stayed out of it. He knows he risks playing into the
:04:49. > :04:53.hands of nationalists and being called a coward for failing to
:04:54. > :04:56.answer Alex Salmond's call to debate directly with the Scottish minister.
:04:57. > :05:01.We will expect a robust response from the nationalists tomorrow
:05:02. > :05:06.morning. What is this saying about the Better Together Scotland
:05:07. > :05:10.campaign at the moment? Even the supporters of the Better Together
:05:11. > :05:13.campaign say it sounds very negative and picking apart Alex Salmond's
:05:14. > :05:16.plans for independence, they have sounded as if they have nothing
:05:17. > :05:20.positive to offer. Whatever the merits of their case, the overall
:05:21. > :05:23.impression is the telling of the Scottish people you are not up to
:05:24. > :05:27.it, you can't do it, get back in your box. There is some polling
:05:28. > :05:31.evidence that is backfiring. Many people say it is turned into a
:05:32. > :05:35.battle between hope on the yes side and fear on the no side. There is
:05:36. > :05:39.also a question mark over whether Darling is the right man now to lead
:05:40. > :05:45.this campaign. He's highly respected, highly regarded across
:05:46. > :05:49.the political spectrum, are his talents really geared towards
:05:50. > :05:53.enthusing people in Scotland about the positive British patriotism. It
:05:54. > :06:00.is that, I think, that gap that David Cameron is trying to close
:06:01. > :06:06.with the speech tomorrow. The prison sentence handed to the policeman who
:06:07. > :06:11.attempted to stitch ups former Chief Whip Andrew Mitchell has rocked the
:06:12. > :06:16.police. It comes as at a time when the public trust in them has been
:06:17. > :06:21.damaged. Emily Maitlis learns of radical plans to beef up the police
:06:22. > :06:24.Complaints Comissioning and doubling the number of detectives that keep
:06:25. > :06:32.an Ian the police over the next few years. Police constable Keith
:06:33. > :06:37.Wallis, jailed today for 12 months for his part in bringing down the
:06:38. > :06:41.former Conservative Chief Whip, Andrew Mitchell. Wallis originally
:06:42. > :06:45.claimed he witnessed the Mitchell incident at the Downing Street
:06:46. > :06:50.gates. It turned out he was lying. The Wallis case may be a one-off, a
:06:51. > :06:54.single officer gone rogue, yet it comes at a time when public trust in
:06:55. > :06:58.the police has been badly damaged. By the inquiry into the police
:06:59. > :07:03.shooting of Mark Duggan, the botched examination of the death of Ian
:07:04. > :07:07.Tomlinson. The allegations that the police tried to smear the family of
:07:08. > :07:11.Stephen Lawrence after his death, and by Hillsborough of course.
:07:12. > :07:16.Although these incidents are few and far between, it is the drip feed,
:07:17. > :07:19.case after case badly handled that has convinced the Home Office of the
:07:20. > :07:24.need for change. Not just to the police themselves, but of the
:07:25. > :07:26.watchdog that polices them. The Independent Police Complaints
:07:27. > :07:31.Commisssion. Part of the problem is the IPCC has been seen as too close
:07:32. > :07:34.to the very officers it is meant to be investigating, something that has
:07:35. > :07:38.done little to reassure the public of its independence. The body is
:07:39. > :07:42.perceived to be staffed by, as one observer put it, former officers who
:07:43. > :07:47.have been put out to grass. Or perhaps not to grass, would be
:07:48. > :07:52.rather more accurate. I am concerned that over a third of the officers
:07:53. > :07:56.are police officers themselves. I don't know where the judicial
:07:57. > :08:01.investigatory legal skills are in the body. And I think that's
:08:02. > :08:05.probably why it is not taken seriously by the public when they
:08:06. > :08:08.really are concerned that something has gone wrong. But also
:08:09. > :08:13.increasingly it seems by the police themselves. Over the coming months,
:08:14. > :08:16.the commission will begin a radical overhaul. Up to 300 new
:08:17. > :08:20.investigators will be brought in over three years, more than doubling
:08:21. > :08:27.their current number. And to pay for all of this the IPCC will have its
:08:28. > :08:33.budget increased by almost 50%. The IPCC budget is ?33 million. Of that
:08:34. > :08:39.?13 million spent on investigations and case work. I understand ?18
:08:40. > :08:44.million additional money will be made available to the IPCC. Top
:08:45. > :08:49.sliced from across the other forces. The Home Office also says it is open
:08:50. > :08:55.to demands from the IPCC, for more powers. What in fect we have to have
:08:56. > :09:09.with the IPCC is a separate police force that has all of the powers
:09:10. > :09:12.over the police that the police have overthat has all of the powers over
:09:13. > :09:14.the police that the police have over us, including the power to sup
:09:15. > :09:18.peania witnesses and access to documents. We need a set of judicial
:09:19. > :09:22.untouchables. This year the commission will take control of all
:09:23. > :09:26.cases deemed serious and sensitive. Last year out of more than 2,000
:09:27. > :09:31.cases that came to its door, only 120 were handled in-house. The rest
:09:32. > :09:37.were thrown back to the police forces themselves. From now on the
:09:38. > :09:40.IPCC will be expected to investigate three-times as many as it currently
:09:41. > :09:46.does. The difficulty is, there has to be a trade-off. If you have
:09:47. > :09:49.former police officers who are experienced and skilled
:09:50. > :09:54.investigators, they are more likely to be able to carry out complex
:09:55. > :09:59.investigations. If you bring in totally new people, with no
:10:00. > :10:01.experience, then they might not be able to get to the bottom of things.
:10:02. > :10:20.The IPCC has said its seems are: When everyone is calling for the
:10:21. > :10:23.need to reform, the Government has been happy to show its court the
:10:24. > :10:27.public mood. Indeed, to put the money where its collective mouth is.
:10:28. > :10:35.The bigger question, perhaps, is whether the public buy it.
:10:36. > :10:44.Tomorrow's Opening Ceremony in Sochi will be designed to dazzle all nay
:10:45. > :10:50.sayers. It won't be enough to hide the country's resurgent antigay
:10:51. > :10:54.laws, today a letter was signed by many authors or the looming specter
:10:55. > :10:57.of terrorism. Following a warning by the US Department of Homeland
:10:58. > :11:02.Security of a credible threat that terrorists may try to smuggle
:11:03. > :11:07.explosives into the country in toothpaste tube, various journalists
:11:08. > :11:12.reported they cleared airport security with all sorts of lotions
:11:13. > :11:15.and tubes in their hand luggage. Tonight we have heard from the group
:11:16. > :11:24.that has threatened to attack the Sochi games. Sochi is primed and
:11:25. > :11:33.ready, with brand spanking new state of the arts sports facilities. It is
:11:34. > :11:37.the most expensive Olympics ever. It is all happening just a few hundred
:11:38. > :11:46.miles away from Europe's bloodiest insurgency. Vladimir Putin isn't
:11:47. > :11:56.spending upwards of ?30 billion just to show some athletes a good time.
:11:57. > :12:00.This is about Russian pride. But meanwhile, scenes like these play
:12:01. > :12:05.themselves out daily in Dagestan and elsewhere in southern Russia.
:12:06. > :12:14.Security forces are battling Islamist militants. For Putin these
:12:15. > :12:17.games are about projecting an image of a Russia on the rise. But it is
:12:18. > :12:21.not only the Russian Government that wants to take advantage of the
:12:22. > :12:31.international spotlight on Sochi of the In a video posted on the
:12:32. > :12:36.Internet last month, a group calling itself Villia Dagestan threatened to
:12:37. > :12:40.give a present to Mr Putin if Russia went ahead with the games. For the
:12:41. > :12:44.tourists visiting Sochi they continued there would be a present
:12:45. > :12:48.too. We contacted the group, they reiterated their threat, they made
:12:49. > :12:54.it clear their intended targets would go beyond Sochi. In December
:12:55. > :13:01.500 miles from Dagestan a suicide bomber blew himself up at the train
:13:02. > :13:05.session in Volgegrad, well within Russia proper. The following day
:13:06. > :13:12.another blast, on a trolley bus in the same city. Both attacks were
:13:13. > :13:18.claimed by the name group. In response a security cordon has been
:13:19. > :13:21.thrown up around Sochi. Around 40,000 police and soldiers have been
:13:22. > :13:28.deployed, unprecedented levels of security, say the authorities. The
:13:29. > :13:32.games are safe. TRANSLATION: All of our guests at the Olympics, all the
:13:33. > :13:35.sportsmen can be absolutely reassured, the Olympic Games will go
:13:36. > :13:42.ahead at the highest level, and with complete security. But some fear as
:13:43. > :13:47.the Opening Ceremony approaches Russia is vulnerable. The biggest
:13:48. > :13:51.problems is many troops are brought to Sochi from other regions. They
:13:52. > :13:56.are not very familiar with the ground. That's why I don't think
:13:57. > :14:01.they will be very useful to detect and identify possible suicide
:14:02. > :14:08.bombers. That is the one thing, also we need to remember that not only
:14:09. > :14:12.Sochi, but so other cities in central Russia are under threat. And
:14:13. > :14:19.that it's quite clear that for militants the timing is much more
:14:20. > :14:23.crucial than location. This man, top of Russia's list of most wanted
:14:24. > :14:27.terrorists last year urged his followers to do whatever it took to
:14:28. > :14:33.disrupt the games. Which he called "a Satanic dance on the bones of the
:14:34. > :14:36.ancestors of the people of the north caucuses". He was tapping into a
:14:37. > :14:42.deep seam of resentment that goes back more than 200 years, to the
:14:43. > :14:47.Tsarrist conquest of the caucuses in the 18th and 19th century. These
:14:48. > :14:53.winter Olympics are taking place 150 years after Russian forces expelled
:14:54. > :14:59.the population from the area around Sochi, killing those who resisted,
:15:00. > :15:03.burning villages to the ground. Russia's two post-Soviet wars in
:15:04. > :15:07.Chechnya are still raw in the memories of the people there, and
:15:08. > :15:11.the current conflict, centered around Dagestan, claimed more than
:15:12. > :15:15.500 lives last year. If you break it down that is what has been driving
:15:16. > :15:20.the fight for the last 200 years, is that the Russian response to any
:15:21. > :15:24.sign of rebellion from the people of the caucuses has always been an
:15:25. > :15:29.overwhelming force. They were destroying Chechen villages in the
:15:30. > :15:32.1780s and into the early 21st sent treatment the tactics remain
:15:33. > :15:36.identical and the response of individual people on a strictly
:15:37. > :15:40.human level is the same. To fightback and in the best way they k
:15:41. > :15:44.which is on a small scale level at small targets because the Russian
:15:45. > :15:48.army is too strong and they don't have a choice. Certainly a strong
:15:49. > :15:53.sense of historical grievance fuels this current conflict, but few in
:15:54. > :15:58.the north caucuses support the aims of the militants with their dream of
:15:59. > :16:01.an Islamic state on Russia's southern flank. We challenge the
:16:02. > :16:05.militants on this point, and asked them how they could justify killing
:16:06. > :16:36.innocent people in pursuit of their aims. They responded as
:16:37. > :16:42.The militants accuse the Russian security forces of kidnapping,
:16:43. > :16:45.beating, torturing and even killing innocent civilians in their on going
:16:46. > :16:51.campaign to pacify the north caucuses. Jo they have a pint but
:16:52. > :16:55.only telling half the story, they are doing exactly those things as
:16:56. > :16:58.well, there are no good guys in this particular tale. The response to,
:16:59. > :17:03.instead of inflicting your revenge on the people who have done this to
:17:04. > :17:07.you, but to inflict your revenge on innocent people in a station or
:17:08. > :17:10.theatre goers in Moscow or schoolchildren is obviously
:17:11. > :17:16.unspeakable. It is a cycle of brutality that no-one appears to be
:17:17. > :17:20.willing to stop. It is less than 24 hours to the Opening Ceremony, for
:17:21. > :17:24.two weeks Sochi will be at the centre of global attention. But
:17:25. > :17:29.Russia's forgotten war will continue just a few hundred miles distant
:17:30. > :17:37.from and I way from the world's days. Cancer is no respecter of
:17:38. > :17:43.colour, creed, age or income, but some cancers are more aggressive
:17:44. > :17:49.than others, some harder to treat, so far so uncontroversialal. Now a
:17:50. > :17:54.cancer charity, pancreatic action, has split cancer sufferers alike. It
:17:55. > :17:58.has kicked off a campaign which ranks different forms of the disease
:17:59. > :18:04.and employs pancreatic sufferers to say that other cancers, such as
:18:05. > :18:18.breast cancer and testicular cancer will be preferable to their's. Ask I
:18:19. > :18:24.wish I had testicular cancer. I wish I had breast cancer. Early diagnosis
:18:25. > :18:38.saves lives. If you have any of these symptoms see your doctor. Or
:18:39. > :18:42.go to the website. Joining me is a pancreatic survivor and Gloria
:18:43. > :18:46.Hunniford, the presenter who has set up the Caron Keating foundation in
:18:47. > :18:50.memory of her daughter who died of breast cancer in 2004. Gloria
:18:51. > :18:55.Hunniford, when you saw this advert at first, what did you make of it?
:18:56. > :18:58.Well, up front I would like to just establish that through our
:18:59. > :19:03.foundation we give grants all year round to all forms of cancer
:19:04. > :19:07.including pancreatic cancer. I'm not against raising funds or awareness
:19:08. > :19:11.for any kind of cancer. I have to tell you feel almost sick when I
:19:12. > :19:17.read the words "I wish I had breast cancer". I personally think this is
:19:18. > :19:22.a very insensitive commercial and very insensitive and misguided way
:19:23. > :19:27.of going about raising awareness and funds. I'm coming from a deeply
:19:28. > :19:32.personal point of view. I watched my daughter battle breast cancer for
:19:33. > :19:35.seven years and spreading to the bones, at no time would she have
:19:36. > :19:41.preferred another form, she didn't want it at all. Did you set out to
:19:42. > :19:45.be controversial? We set out to raise awareness for a disease that
:19:46. > :19:51.gets very little attention, and we did want to make sure that we got
:19:52. > :19:54.our messages heard. But do you, you would accept that you knew that
:19:55. > :20:01.would shock a lot of people, people who have cancer and otherwise? Yes,
:20:02. > :20:08.we thought it would spark debate. And I think if people look just at
:20:09. > :20:12.the the headline, "I wish I had breast cancer", if you take that in
:20:13. > :20:16.its entirety, then if you are only looking at that then that is
:20:17. > :20:20.shocking. It would be fair to say, Gloria Hunniford, that some cancers
:20:21. > :20:23.do attract more interest and funding. I'm thinking particularly
:20:24. > :20:27.of breast cancer with pink ribbon, the moon walk? That is not really
:20:28. > :20:31.the point, you see. Imagine you went into your doctor, heaven forbid it
:20:32. > :20:36.happens to you, you go into a doctor and say Kirsty I have to tell you
:20:37. > :20:40.I'm so glad you didn't get pancreatic cancer but you have
:20:41. > :20:43.breast cancer. In my opinion you cannot play one against the other.
:20:44. > :20:47.In fact I want to read out, I purposely took it out of the
:20:48. > :20:52.statement today, o of the major breast cancer charities said "We
:20:53. > :20:56.strongly dispute any message to suggest that one type of cancer is
:20:57. > :21:01.preferable to another". Where did that phrase come from? This is the
:21:02. > :21:08.thought of many patients with pancreatic cancer, they face a 3%,
:21:09. > :21:14.five-year survival rate. When I was diagnosed in 2007 I wished I had a
:21:15. > :21:17.cancer. I can't wish for cancer or wish it on anybody, but I wanted
:21:18. > :21:21.something that would give me a better chance of survival. I didn't
:21:22. > :21:27.know at that point I would get to be one of those 3%. I'm thrilled, it is
:21:28. > :21:31.fantastic you are one of the great survivors, but in my humble opinion,
:21:32. > :21:36.you have a new drug you advertised today. And I think that the purpose
:21:37. > :21:40.of any ad to raise funds or awareness of any cancer is surely to
:21:41. > :21:43.have a more positive message, instead of having, for me any way,
:21:44. > :21:48.instead of a negative phrase. And people read papers, "I wish I had
:21:49. > :21:53.breast cancer", it makes people's stomachs turn over. You would accept
:21:54. > :22:00.the funding for pancreatic cancer has changed radically, it has gone
:22:01. > :22:03.from ?1. 5 to ?5. 1 million. It is a huge step forward for you? It is
:22:04. > :22:08.baby steps. But you have a share of the pot that is ?521 million? The
:22:09. > :22:17.share of the pot that pancreatic gets in the site-specific area is
:22:18. > :22:20.less than 1%. When there is research into, for example, ovarian cancer,
:22:21. > :22:25.that informs breast Cancer Research and other cancers always inform
:22:26. > :22:29.other cancers. Do you accept that. Or because you feel that because
:22:30. > :22:33.pancreatic cancer is harder to detect, it can be very aggressive
:22:34. > :22:37.and in the way it doesn't attract the same interest as other cancers?
:22:38. > :22:41.It doesn't, it is the lack of awareness. A lot of people in the
:22:42. > :22:45.public actually perceive that pancreatic cancer has had some of
:22:46. > :22:50.the same advances as many other cancers, I even had it said to me
:22:51. > :22:53.that they have made great strides and things have improved. And you
:22:54. > :22:58.know, they can do so much these days. Well, they can't with
:22:59. > :23:04.pancreatic cancer, the only way to have a curative option is to be
:23:05. > :23:10.diagnosed in time for surgery, which was lucky to do so. The problem with
:23:11. > :23:13.pancreatic cancer is most people don't understand enough about it. We
:23:14. > :23:17.don't know enough about the disease. Is that fair to say? It is to a
:23:18. > :23:22.point. Of course it is true, and many, many cancers want to raise
:23:23. > :23:26.awareness and funds. I just feel, of course I come from a personal point
:23:27. > :23:31.of view, I STRECHLTS I feel a shock -- stress, I feel a shock tactic
:23:32. > :23:37.isn't the most correct and sensible way to go about it. Do you stand by
:23:38. > :23:41.it? I do, because the messages come from patients. That is coming from
:23:42. > :23:47.patients. Do you think that's said by patients as said as a time of
:23:48. > :23:51.great anguish and not when there would be other circumstances and it
:23:52. > :23:54.is a natural reaction, it was your a reaction when you were diagnosed,
:23:55. > :23:59.but to move forward there has to be a more positive response. Agreed,
:24:00. > :24:03.what we need to do is raise awareness of the symptoms. Can I
:24:04. > :24:07.just ask, is there an issue about too many small individual different,
:24:08. > :24:12.understandable, cancer charities? You would probably have a point,
:24:13. > :24:17.could I just say when you talk about you know shock tactics and wanting
:24:18. > :24:21.and standing by, raising money and awareness for this, it is at a cost,
:24:22. > :24:25.for example a very good friend of mine is having a double mastectomy
:24:26. > :24:32.tomorrow morning, try showing her this ad and try to let her have
:24:33. > :24:36.sympathy for another cancer. Thank you very much. Can you love the art
:24:37. > :24:40.but abhor the artist, David Aaronovitch stepped right into the
:24:41. > :24:44.controversy over Woody Allen's alleged paedophilia and asked should
:24:45. > :24:49.it colour our view of his movies. In short the answer was no, he still
:24:50. > :24:58.loves Annie Hall and Hannah and her Sisters. He sets a myriad of
:24:59. > :25:10.example, Eric Gill, the music of The Lost Prophets profit. . First we
:25:11. > :25:15.have this. We turn to the arts to provoke and arouse us, to stir our
:25:16. > :25:20.emotions. But are some artists beyond the pale because of what they
:25:21. > :25:29.have been accused of doing, or the views they espouse? They rolled out
:25:30. > :25:33.the welcome mat at the Golden Globes last month for Woody Allen's latest
:25:34. > :25:37.film. Among the many stars at the event, no sign of the director
:25:38. > :25:44.himself, who won a Lifetime Achievement Award. But his latest
:25:45. > :25:54.film, Blue Jasmine was represented by Kate Blackpool Cate Blanchett,
:25:55. > :25:59.who was named best actress. The prize-giving season has been
:26:00. > :26:01.overshadowed by a letter of Woody Allen's adopted daughter. She has
:26:02. > :26:22.accused him of attacks her at seven. Allen called her allegations
:26:23. > :26:26."disgraceful and untrue" he pointed out that he has never been charged
:26:27. > :26:33.over her claims. But some say they could sway members of the academy.
:26:34. > :26:39.Awards' panels are made up of human beings full of foibles, and all of
:26:40. > :26:44.us on prize committees know how arbitary and idiosyncratic the
:26:45. > :26:48.process is. I wouldn't be surprised if it swayed people. These are PR
:26:49. > :26:58.enterprises and people wouldn't want the bad PR. But novelist Lionel
:26:59. > :27:03.Schriver that the allegations have no bearing on her view of his film.
:27:04. > :27:06.I won't lose sleep over what happened, because it is not
:27:07. > :27:11.ultimately any of my business. It is not an artistic matter. It is not
:27:12. > :27:20.going to stop me from going to see his films. The unreliable business
:27:21. > :27:27.of reading across from an artist's life from his work is nothing new.
:27:28. > :27:32.Some music lovers have agonised over the composer Wagner, how to
:27:33. > :27:38.reconcile his genius with his avowed anti-semitism. I don't think there
:27:39. > :27:42.is an algorithm which allows us to settle all these case, the cases are
:27:43. > :27:46.different. The reason Wagner is different, he attempted an
:27:47. > :27:51.intellectual articulation and defence of anti-semitism. There is,
:27:52. > :27:55.of course, a hugely controversial question as to whether that
:27:56. > :28:05.anti-semitism then as it were seeps into the music. Prospe rocks o and
:28:06. > :28:18.Aerial by Eric Gill can be seen on the building where this programme is
:28:19. > :28:25.transmitted, he committed paedophilia and enjoyed himself with
:28:26. > :28:31.the family pet. What I find curious is that we nevertheless expect
:28:32. > :28:36.artists to do so, accept these unimpeachable lies. There is this
:28:37. > :28:41.acceptance of the creator, almost a quasi-supernatural being in some
:28:42. > :28:47.ways. I enjoy watching films or reading books, as objects completely
:28:48. > :28:54.apart from their creators. I'm probably unusual in this respect.
:28:55. > :29:01.But I suffer from aposity of curiosity about the creators, I
:29:02. > :29:08.don't really want to know about them. Let as discuss that now with
:29:09. > :29:16.the novelist and broadcaster Kazeem Adeleke. Do you agree there is an
:29:17. > :29:21.algorithm? Yes, I think sometimes, I think what tends to happen is that
:29:22. > :29:27.for an artist if they are dealing, as most artists do, with looking at
:29:28. > :29:31.the human condition with humanity, of what their humanity and points of
:29:32. > :29:36.view and their foibles are, they will some how appear in the work,
:29:37. > :29:40.just to give you a little example, you know, there is controversy over
:29:41. > :29:44.Nye Paul and whether he should have got the Nobel Prize or not. It is
:29:45. > :29:48.not that they are allegations that he may be a racist or he doesn't
:29:49. > :29:52.like black cultures, it is not that he says in his work. It is not that
:29:53. > :29:57.there is a problem of what he might say in his work with black cultures.
:29:58. > :30:01.What tends to happen is the racism seeps into the area. For example he
:30:02. > :30:06.says he does have great regard for black duals, then -- cultures, then
:30:07. > :30:11.we learn in his buy could go fee he doesn't like music. -- biography, he
:30:12. > :30:15.doesn't like music. The take on his biography is he has no musical
:30:16. > :30:20.response. Can that be a personal read organise is it societial
:30:21. > :30:25.depending on the circumstance? You could argue, it has been argued by
:30:26. > :30:30.Wagner for instance, that you can, I mean he did this famous work abo
:30:31. > :30:35.Judaism in music, which is a condemnation of the role of the Jew
:30:36. > :30:39.in society, and so on. That is very, which in itself is kind of clearly a
:30:40. > :30:44.precursor to what subsequently happens. What people then say about
:30:45. > :30:53.the music is he see these character, evil characters, you see in them
:30:54. > :30:58.proto-type calm Jewish character -- prototypical Jewish characters,
:30:59. > :31:02.which it is hard to separate from the anti-semitism. Others find it
:31:03. > :31:06.easy to separate. By and large you do find it difficult? I think by and
:31:07. > :31:11.large we have to. The origin of this discussion in my mind was an article
:31:12. > :31:15.by the New York Times columnist Nicholas Christophe, two or three
:31:16. > :31:23.years ago where he actually gave space to Dylan Farrow to say her
:31:24. > :31:27.accusation, he asked why are we honouring this man when he's not
:31:28. > :31:31.unimpeachably honourable. In other words, if there was any doubt about
:31:32. > :31:39.whether or not he personally was honourable, then we shouldn't honour
:31:40. > :31:43.the art. That is innocent until proven guilty? No it is simply you
:31:44. > :31:46.should read across the art. You should taken a attitude to the art
:31:47. > :31:50.based on what you think he might have done or did do personally. I
:31:51. > :31:55.don't think that is fair necessarily, I think that some how
:31:56. > :31:59.an artist's sensibility and attitudes do often come across in
:32:00. > :32:07.the work. But not often in straight forward ways. So it would be very
:32:08. > :32:11.dangerous to go from an allegation to somebody's private life to
:32:12. > :32:18.refusing them an artistic prize. Is there a cosy consensus around art,
:32:19. > :32:21.there is allegations about Lucien Freud and so forth. People choosing
:32:22. > :32:28.to separate things and for some people it is more different. I was
:32:29. > :32:35.thinking of are yous -- Bertram Russell and he was not very nice.
:32:36. > :32:40.Does that make him a philosopher. People don't remember it, if
:32:41. > :32:46.Caravaggio did the things people say he did what would happen. This is a
:32:47. > :32:50.calibration, we have had Ian Watkins, the lead singer of the The
:32:51. > :32:54.Lost Prophets, who has done the most terrible things, as a consequence
:32:55. > :33:03.the music won't be played on the radio and disappeared from HMV. But
:33:04. > :33:09.you can find it on Apple I tunes, the artwork wasn't enough to overlay
:33:10. > :33:15.the association. Was it so contemporary and shocking that it
:33:16. > :33:20.would ever outweigh it? If it was a beatle? Interesting question? At the
:33:21. > :33:24.moment in American music there is a story around R Kelly, massive star.
:33:25. > :33:27.They have there have been on going issues around him and his alleged
:33:28. > :33:31.allegations about him and his relationships with under-age or
:33:32. > :33:35.borderline aged people. Particularly in the Chicago area he grew up in.
:33:36. > :33:40.What is happening now is he's trying to relaunch his career and get back
:33:41. > :33:45.in the spotlight. Some of these allegations have esurfaced. What is
:33:46. > :33:49.notable it doesn't seem to affect his cells. It is also noticeable
:33:50. > :33:56.that some of the people who are in his target age group. It doesn't
:33:57. > :33:59.affect their wish to buy his songs. It is very difficult, I wonder if
:34:00. > :34:02.one of the problems we have in the west is there is a quick separation
:34:03. > :34:06.from artists and other people in the west. In other countries, in African
:34:07. > :34:10.countries the artist is seen more as somebody who is part of the wider
:34:11. > :34:17.community and his work, a lot of his work, there is a level of social
:34:18. > :34:21.work, he leads the masquerades and the social celebrations. It is in
:34:22. > :34:27.the west where we have the high distinction, maybe we get into
:34:28. > :34:31.trouble because of it. The astrophysicist, Dame Jocelyn Bell
:34:32. > :34:34.Burnett, who discovered pulsars, has been elected the first female
:34:35. > :34:39.President of the Royal Society in Edinburgh. The first one was founded
:34:40. > :34:42.in 1873. It is ironic her appointment coincides with a
:34:43. > :34:47.parliamentary report that aments just how bad this country is doing
:34:48. > :34:51.in attracting women into the sciences and engineering
:34:52. > :34:56.professions. 17% of so called STEM professors are women. The report
:34:57. > :34:59.says that at school there is a commendable emphasis on inspiring
:35:00. > :35:03.young girls to do science. It is a waste of effort if women are
:35:04. > :35:11.disadvantaged in scientific careers compared to men. Rosalind Franklin
:35:12. > :35:14.is one of the most significant but overlooked female scientists,
:35:15. > :35:18.playing a crucial role in discovering DNA, but never the
:35:19. > :35:25.proper credit for her work. Today's report acknowledges things have
:35:26. > :35:30.moved on since her day. Franklin is now a role model. American science
:35:31. > :35:34.students created this rap song in her honour, to inspire more women to
:35:35. > :35:41.get into science. # Recognise Rosalind Franklin Here
:35:42. > :35:44.in the UK more girls are studying scien subjects in school and
:35:45. > :35:49.university. But at higher levels in the field there are fewer women than
:35:50. > :35:54.men. Especially in acedemia. Out of all the jobs in science, technology,
:35:55. > :35:59.engineering and maths. Only 13% are held by women. According to today's
:36:00. > :36:04.report, short-term contracts for those finishing their PhDs lead many
:36:05. > :36:08.younger women to leave the field, as they lack the job stability they
:36:09. > :36:13.need to start a family. That's the case with this scientist, who will
:36:14. > :36:17.be hanging up her lab coat in a few weeks. As I'm 30, it is coming to
:36:18. > :36:20.the fore, I would like to start a family and have a mortgage. And the
:36:21. > :36:25.nature of the work is shored contracts and long hours. And I'm
:36:26. > :36:29.not sure how compatible that is with what I want for my personal life.
:36:30. > :36:33.Should we worry that there aren't equal number of male and female
:36:34. > :36:39.scientists, today's report says yes, not only because they can bring
:36:40. > :36:43.fresh perspectives but because the economy needs more. Anna runs a
:36:44. > :36:48.network reporting women in science and engineering, she agrees? Aside
:36:49. > :36:52.from the fact that it is enically a good thing to be giving everybody
:36:53. > :36:59.equal opportunity, it is really about releasing potential. We know
:37:00. > :37:03.that the UK economy depends on higher numbers of science and
:37:04. > :37:06.engineering graduates, we are underusing half our population. But
:37:07. > :37:14.funding for schemes promoting diversity in the sector have been
:37:15. > :37:17.cut drastically. The authors of today's report are alling for
:37:18. > :37:20.diversity training and recruitment and managers, and more long-term
:37:21. > :37:29.contracts to try to attract more women into stem industries. Joining
:37:30. > :37:34.me to discuss is the science minister and head of engineering at
:37:35. > :37:38.Cambridge, and an academic and TV presenter. This is pretty
:37:39. > :37:44.depressing? It is indefensible, we do need to do better. As the report
:37:45. > :37:47.said, it is a waste of talent. Do you think you didn't fight your
:37:48. > :37:53.corner well enough when it came to the funding. It is shocking isn't
:37:54. > :38:00.it. Improving diversity in stem, this spending was halved in the 2010
:38:01. > :38:05.Spending Review. UK resource centre for womens science and technology in
:38:06. > :38:10.2012 had its funding cut. What we have We have put more effort in
:38:11. > :38:16.achieving diversity through the mainstream provision. Through, for
:38:17. > :38:19.example, for the first time, saying that ?200 million teaching capital
:38:20. > :38:24.is going for the universities. When they bid for it they have to show
:38:25. > :38:27.what they are doing to encourage diversity, particularly women. We
:38:28. > :38:32.are putting more effort in than ever before. But there is more needs to
:38:33. > :38:38.be done. As under s or factity? There is also an issue about the
:38:39. > :38:42.post graduate career structure. There isn't really one? There are
:38:43. > :38:49.men and women affected by these short-term contracts which, is why
:38:50. > :38:53.again we have got an ask for better careers advice and support at the
:38:54. > :38:57.start of people's very search careers than they have received. It
:38:58. > :39:01.is partly the university's fault for not getting their act together and
:39:02. > :39:07.attracting women properly? We have put a lot of effort into attracting
:39:08. > :39:11.women. But still not enough. Undergraduate level in engineering,
:39:12. > :39:16.that is one of the hardiest areas to actually get our message across. The
:39:17. > :39:20.country needs engineerses are great jobs in engineering. At
:39:21. > :39:30.undergraduate level in my department we have about 23% women. Nationally
:39:31. > :39:34.it is only 14%. Why are you failing to attract women into engineering,
:39:35. > :39:38.engineering is hugely exciting, you can travel the world with fantastic
:39:39. > :39:42.contracts, you would think to build bridges it may take three years to
:39:43. > :39:51.build, all that kind of stuff is fulfilling. I don't know, quite
:39:52. > :39:55.often young girls in school don't know what exciting careers there are
:39:56. > :40:01.in engineering. Or the breadth that engineering covers. I don't think we
:40:02. > :40:05.do a good job of making that communication in this country. What
:40:06. > :40:08.do you think? I think Anne is exactly right, some of it is about
:40:09. > :40:11.good careers advice in school, some of it is breaking down gender
:40:12. > :40:15.stereotypes, it is very clear, we know girls are capable of doing
:40:16. > :40:20.these subjects but they are not doing them through to A-levels. Only
:40:21. > :40:26.one in five at A-level physics is fee Tiel. Is there a bias in the
:40:27. > :40:31.culture? It starts very early. One of the recommendations in the report
:40:32. > :40:35.is we need to tackle the gender stereotypes extremely early, going
:40:36. > :40:40.back to primary school. Absolutely, outreach, we start with the primary
:40:41. > :40:44.school kids and get them in and do something exciting, build solar
:40:45. > :40:48.cars. How can you change the culture? Would there have to be a
:40:49. > :40:53.radical change of primary school, not only in the contracts but in the
:40:54. > :40:59.general career prosession. I think there is one specific point, it is
:41:00. > :41:06.the GCSE to A-level. Only water of the girls who get an A* in GCSE
:41:07. > :41:13.physics go on to A-level physics. That is a tendency to switch to
:41:14. > :41:19.medicine as an aspiration and drop the physics and go down the life
:41:20. > :41:28.sciences. We need to have a wider range of disciplines. Why don't
:41:29. > :41:32.they? One of the things that we find is that it is actually not enough to
:41:33. > :41:36.get the seven and eight-year-olds enthused about engineering, it is
:41:37. > :41:40.good to get parents in as well. When we have outreach activities, if we
:41:41. > :41:44.have one or both of the parents and a couple of kids building something,
:41:45. > :41:48.they all get to share the excitement and realise what the width of
:41:49. > :41:54.engineering is about. This isn't simply about redressing all the
:41:55. > :41:57.gender problems, it is about addressing the issue of having
:41:58. > :42:08.enough physicists and chemists and the lot. It was very much retention
:42:09. > :42:13.and we are seeing women dropping out of acedemia, and very few becoming
:42:14. > :42:17.professors. Going back to the funding cuts, UK RC the resource
:42:18. > :42:22.centre for women in Skypes was one of the few areas where there were
:42:23. > :42:26.resources to look after women in their careerses and help them to
:42:27. > :42:33.progress and retain women. That was identified in the report as being is
:42:34. > :42:43.something that quite a few bodies didn't know. Alice is saying the
:42:44. > :42:48.resource centre is hugely successful? When I see what we are
:42:49. > :42:51.doing with our stem ambassadors and setting conditions for the receipt
:42:52. > :42:56.of capital funding in way it never happened before. I think we are
:42:57. > :43:00.across the main treatment of rescreamed and years advice, trying
:43:01. > :43:05.to offer more encouragement. What about the portrayal of science in
:43:06. > :43:09.the media, do you think there is enough done in popular science
:43:10. > :43:13.programme, dramatic portrayals as women as scientists. The BBC does
:43:14. > :43:20.very well. You would have to say that. We have many women who are
:43:21. > :43:25.good and strong role models. Going back, the girls choosing to A-level
:43:26. > :43:28.of physics will look in the skills whether or not there are girls. We
:43:29. > :43:34.know in half of comprehensive schools there are no girls studying
:43:35. > :43:38.A-level physics. Putting more on television? In other areas? Think it
:43:39. > :43:41.is really important there are role models, that is another thing that
:43:42. > :43:47.came out of the report as well. It is incredibly important for women to
:43:48. > :43:50.be able to look ahead to what they are going to study and careers and
:43:51. > :43:53.see there are women already. There it is very difficult because at the
:43:54. > :43:58.moment only 17% of science professors are women. That is true,
:43:59. > :44:02.when you go to a science festival, there is a big one next month, you
:44:03. > :44:07.will see large numbers of school chirp, and it is probably more girls
:44:08. > :44:11.than boys going on. They identified the role models and the STEM
:44:12. > :44:16.ambassadors. All science fair ambassadors should be women? Half of
:44:17. > :44:20.them are, given the environment we are operating in is a great
:44:21. > :44:28.achievement and we will do more. The other problem is careers, we have
:44:29. > :44:31.tried to shoe horn people. There was no recognition for maternity, we
:44:32. > :45:18.have changed that. Thank you very much. The front pages now:
:45:19. > :45:24.That's it for tonight, I'm back tomorrow. We will leave you with the
:45:25. > :45:29.new smartphone video game keeping the world. Flappy Bird, incredibly
:45:30. > :45:31.addictive and insanely difficult to play for more than five seconds
:45:32. > :46:07.apparently. A wet night where the rain isn't
:46:08. > :46:11.needed it should get out of the way fairly smartly I think tomorrow.
:46:12. > :46:15.Pretty quiet across much of Scotland and Northern Ireland. With
:46:16. > :46:16.temperatures dipping low enough perhaps for a touch of ice