:00:00. > :00:13.As many of you know I have gone through 11 months of hell. Cleared,
:00:14. > :00:17.Nigel Evans, the former Deputy Speaker, another very public
:00:18. > :00:21.prosecution of sex offences fails, but one of the men who testified in
:00:22. > :00:29.the case tells Newsnight he feels humiliated. And parliament has to
:00:30. > :00:35.change. Even though we work in one big building together, there was no
:00:36. > :00:41.mechanism to deal with this problem. There still isn't. We will be
:00:42. > :00:48.talking live to Nigel Evans' lawyer. The drug meant to protect us from a
:00:49. > :00:52.flu pandemic might not work. The research on Tamiflu is finally out
:00:53. > :00:56.in the open. Remember this? Two years since Greece nearly crashed
:00:57. > :01:01.out of the euro, but today the markets actually want to buy up its
:01:02. > :01:05.debts, is it time to call off the crisis.
:01:06. > :01:07.We will ask a former MP and one of Gordon Brown's key business
:01:08. > :01:16.advisers. A... 80,000 people went quiet, the
:01:17. > :01:30.silence of 80,000 people is very loud. Dancer Akram Khan tells us how
:01:31. > :01:35.terrifying it was to choreograph the Olympics.
:01:36. > :01:39.After the journey from the speaker's chair to the dock, Nigel Evans says
:01:40. > :01:44.nobodying will the same again. The MP was cleared of charges of sexual
:01:45. > :01:48.offences against seven young men, on the steps of the court he said there
:01:49. > :01:54.was no young women. A deliberate echo of the Coronation Street car,
:01:55. > :01:59.Bill Roache, cleared of similar charges earlier this year. As
:02:00. > :02:02.another high-profile case fails to secure conviction as wave of
:02:03. > :02:05.Conservative MPs are calling for change at the Crown Prosecution
:02:06. > :02:15.Service service, one of the seven men at the centre of the case he
:02:16. > :02:20.feels has told Newsnight feels angry.
:02:21. > :02:25.In my darkest and loneliest times there were only two or one sets of
:02:26. > :02:31.foot prints in the sand. For those of you of fate will know, they
:02:32. > :02:38.weren't mine. The fact is I have work to do. It is the work that I
:02:39. > :02:43.have done for the last 22 years. Nigel Evans burst into tears as he
:02:44. > :02:49.was cleared of all charges at Preston Crown Court, he stood in the
:02:50. > :02:55.dock, hands clasped, listening as each of the nine "not guilty"
:02:56. > :03:00.verdicts were read out in turn. Mr Nigel Evans was elected Deputy
:03:01. > :03:04.Chairman of ways and means. In 2010 he was one of three MPs elected to
:03:05. > :03:08.the high-profile role of Deputy Speaker, he stepped down last
:03:09. > :03:13.September to fight the charges of sexual assault and rape. The
:03:14. > :03:16.56-year-old was alleged to have used his political influence to take
:03:17. > :03:20.advantage of young male victims, often while drunk, often in bars and
:03:21. > :03:24.clubs near the House of Commons. Ladies and gentlemen, please welcome
:03:25. > :03:28.our Prime Minister, David Cameron. Following today's not guilty verdict
:03:29. > :03:32.the Prime Minister led a long line of MPs offering their backing. It is
:03:33. > :03:36.hard to imagine the relief that Nigel must feel after such a
:03:37. > :03:40.traumatic time. I very much welcome what he said on the steps of the
:03:41. > :03:46.court and I think everyone should pay heed to that. I'm sure to get on
:03:47. > :03:49.with working with his constituents in the Ribble Valleys and for the
:03:50. > :03:54.future I'm sure it is something he will be discussing with the Chief
:03:55. > :03:58.Whip when he returns to parliament. But on the Internet and across
:03:59. > :04:01.Westminster there was also sharp criticism of both the police and the
:04:02. > :04:06.CPS, both in private and in public, many Tory MPs were asking how this
:04:07. > :04:12.case ever got to court in the first place. In truth it wasn't long after
:04:13. > :04:15.this trial started that the prosecution case started to fall
:04:16. > :04:23.apart. Witnesses changed their Tories in the dock, victims gave
:04:24. > :04:28.contradictory evidence. One accuser, a young university student said he
:04:29. > :04:33.had been drinked champagne and gin at the MP's local pub and his home
:04:34. > :04:38.last year. He told police he was pushed into the bedroom and forcibly
:04:39. > :04:42.undressed by Evans, in court he said there was no pushing, he had taken
:04:43. > :04:46.off his own clothes and passed up the chance to sleep in daven room.
:04:47. > :04:50.Three of the seven men called to give evidence against Evans didn't
:04:51. > :04:56.want the MP arrested or charged in the first place. One said: To be
:04:57. > :05:10.honest I didn't think there were any grounds to be charged: I
:05:11. > :05:15.Decisions to prosecute are made on paper, somebody has to look at the
:05:16. > :05:19.wider picture. If you have an individual that doesn't want to come
:05:20. > :05:24.to court for whatever reason, the wider picture may be that the whole
:05:25. > :05:29.case depends on lots of individuals. You can't give the decision
:05:30. > :05:33.necessarily to an individual witness as a prosecutor you have to look at
:05:34. > :05:37.the case as whole. Today the police defended the decision to bring
:05:38. > :05:44.charges, saying they have to investigate no matter what role the
:05:45. > :05:46.accused hold. We worked with the Crown Prosecution Service at an
:05:47. > :05:49.early stage, and all the evidence was subject to careful scrutiny
:05:50. > :05:53.before a decision was taken to charge. Particularly where
:05:54. > :05:57.complainants didn't see themselves as victims. Only after very careful
:05:58. > :06:00.consideration was the decision made to put this before a jury and the
:06:01. > :06:07.belief that there was sufficient evidence to justify a realistic
:06:08. > :06:13.prospect of conviction. Today's emphatic not guilty verdict may be a
:06:14. > :06:19.huge relief to Nigel Evans. But the detail of went on in bars in Soho
:06:20. > :06:26.are embarrassing to the MP, during the case he admitted to making
:06:27. > :06:31.repeated passes to younger staff. One of the victims said he didn't
:06:32. > :06:33.see it was a criminal offence, but there may be something about the
:06:34. > :06:39.culture of parliament that made this possible. He said at some point
:06:40. > :06:44.there will be a major Skandia that will make -- scandal that will make
:06:45. > :06:49.this case look like small fry. There is a new Code of Conduct following
:06:50. > :06:53.the Evans case, but it is entirely voluntary, another bullying advice
:06:54. > :06:55.line for parliamentary staff is being launched. Those who have
:06:56. > :07:00.worked in parliament say the pressures of the job can often leave
:07:01. > :07:05.people alone and vulnerable. I think after a while people end up
:07:06. > :07:10.in many, many occasions drinking too much, I think that naturally because
:07:11. > :07:15.of the late hours they stay away from their family and their staying
:07:16. > :07:20.on -- they are staying on their own in Westminster, they get lonely in
:07:21. > :07:23.the job. They end up having strong bonds with a researcher because they
:07:24. > :07:27.are working crazy hours together, hours which are stressful. You put
:07:28. > :07:32.that together and this is a sense in which people form relationships
:07:33. > :07:35.which are perhaps inappropriate, they end up having affairs because
:07:36. > :07:40.they are way from home and drinking too much and having a lifestyle that
:07:41. > :07:44.isn't perhaps a healthy lifestyle. Nigel Evans left court cleared of
:07:45. > :07:49.any wrongdoing, he acknowledged from today his life was never going to be
:07:50. > :07:52.the same again. Reforming the heavy drinking high-pressure culture of
:07:53. > :07:55.Westminster could take a good while longer.
:07:56. > :07:58.Earlier tonight I spoke to one of the men who made the allegations
:07:59. > :08:05.about Mr Evans. He wanted to remain anonymous. But I asked him first how
:08:06. > :08:11.did he feel about today's verdict? I'm really angry, I was a bit upset
:08:12. > :08:17.at first but I have just been really angry all afternoon, I have not been
:08:18. > :08:22.able to do any work. What are you angry about? I'm angry because I
:08:23. > :08:29.felt when I went to give evidence and I was cross-examined it was, I
:08:30. > :08:36.knew it was going to be difficult, but I found it very humiliating and
:08:37. > :08:44.degrading. How did it make you feel when you were in the witness box,
:08:45. > :08:51.being spoken to in that way? I felt like I, I can remember the defence
:08:52. > :08:58.barrister smiling when he would trip me up by words saying what did I
:08:59. > :09:02.mean by this and that. It was confusing and scary. Why didn't you
:09:03. > :09:11.go to the police at the time? The next day I got on the train home and
:09:12. > :09:19.I did Google sort of Victim Support. I didn't find much for men and I was
:09:20. > :09:25.very conscious of the fact that because he was a public figure what
:09:26. > :09:34.this would mean with it being in the press and in the papers. The fact
:09:35. > :09:38.that I used to work in parliament so even though I would get anonymity,
:09:39. > :09:47.everyone of my old friends would know and I didn't want people to
:09:48. > :09:58.know, but eventually I decided that something I had to do something. I
:09:59. > :10:04.thought that it might happen again. There was a message that went to
:10:05. > :10:11.party whips earlier on about his behaviour and you had been working
:10:12. > :10:23.in parliament, do you feel that the parties took it seriously at the
:10:24. > :10:28.time. I don't think any of the main parties know what to do. The strange
:10:29. > :10:39.thing about parliament is they make the laws but they don't like any,
:10:40. > :10:45.they don't like a place of business. They don't have a HR department, our
:10:46. > :10:48.bosses are technically as it were self-employed and we are all small
:10:49. > :10:55.businesses so we have, even though we work in one big buiing together,
:10:56. > :11:04.there was no mechanism to deal with this problem. There still isn't. So
:11:05. > :11:08.you were too scared of the potential public ramifications if you told the
:11:09. > :11:18.police? And the political parties you didn't feel would take it
:11:19. > :11:24.seriously enough. No, I know that the, they were certainly aware that
:11:25. > :11:29.MPs and young 20-something researchers who are vulnerable
:11:30. > :11:35.because they fear for their careers and all the hard work that they do
:11:36. > :11:40.can be just thrown away in an instant, and I think a lot of
:11:41. > :11:44.people, senior people count on that, that it can be brushed under the
:11:45. > :11:50.carpet. Do you accept though that different people have different
:11:51. > :11:53.interpretations of what is acceptable, especially in a
:11:54. > :12:00.highly-charged environment, when there is a lot of alcohol around?
:12:01. > :12:09.Yeah. There are some young researchers who certainly enjoy the
:12:10. > :12:14.contact that they get. And that is entirely up to them. But there are
:12:15. > :12:18.plenty, if not most who don't appreciate that at all, and they
:12:19. > :12:23.just want to work and they got into politics that they want to change
:12:24. > :12:29.the world. But they find that when they get there they have got to put
:12:30. > :12:55.up with a lot of stuff. Some of the witnesses in this case
:12:56. > :13:05.I know if you are a defence barrister that is your job, I don't
:13:06. > :13:09.feel like my evidence changed, think when I properly spoke to the police
:13:10. > :13:17.and gave my interview, that was recorded, from then on you know my
:13:18. > :13:23.line was very clear. I think. So that's my opinion on that. There
:13:24. > :13:30.have been suggestions some of this was some kind of plot? I don't
:13:31. > :13:35.understand the logic behind that. I have lost everything in this last
:13:36. > :13:41.year and had to slowly rebuild my life, I had ambitions for a
:13:42. > :13:46.political career after working in parliament and I don't see that as a
:13:47. > :13:56.real possibility any more. It has taken me almost a year to get a new
:13:57. > :17:22.job outside of politics. Mr Evans said there was
:17:23. > :17:32.If cases are going to be prosecuted by more senior barristers, larger
:17:33. > :17:35.police resources, which may well be appropriate, because serious
:17:36. > :17:39.complaints such as rape should be properly investigated, of course
:17:40. > :17:43.they should. The defence need that equality of arms to combat them.
:17:44. > :17:52.Fortunately Mr Evans was able to pay for private legal fees. Many people
:17:53. > :17:56.KRNTHS and the attack on Legal Aid will see continued miscarriages of
:17:57. > :18:02.justice in the future. What would you like to see change in the
:18:03. > :18:05.systems, there is a lot of calls for anonymity of defendants in these
:18:06. > :18:11.cases, would you support that? There is a view that a lot of people came
:18:12. > :18:15.forward about the Savile case, because they had seen it on
:18:16. > :18:23.television. There are many, many protections that are forwarded,
:18:24. > :18:29.afforded sorry, to the genuine victims of sexual assaults. They are
:18:30. > :18:35.guaranteed anonymity for life. Defendants are not guaranteed any
:18:36. > :18:39.anonymity. There is a strong view amongst many defence lawyers that
:18:40. > :18:45.anonymity should be guaranteed up to the point that somebody is
:18:46. > :18:49.convicted. Just briefly, I'm afraid we are running out of time, briefly
:18:50. > :18:54.Mr Evans spoke outside the court, and he did through the course of the
:18:55. > :18:57.trial admit to some behaviour that many people would find
:18:58. > :19:08.inappropriate. Does he accept that he did anything wrong, do you think?
:19:09. > :19:12.Mr Evans is a single man, he had close friendships with people ooh if
:19:13. > :19:18.we take anybody's life and lay it out in front of a court of law,
:19:19. > :19:22.under the microscope of the media things will come out. He's a decent
:19:23. > :19:26.man, he's a decent politician, he cares deeply about his constituents,
:19:27. > :19:29.and I wish him a long career in parliament. Thank you very much
:19:30. > :19:36.indeed for joining us from Salford tonight. Now, the drugs don't work!
:19:37. > :19:41.Or at least that's the claim made today. The Government has already
:19:42. > :19:45.paid almost ?5 million for stockpiles of the antiviral Tamiflu,
:19:46. > :19:49.bought up when there were fears of a bird flu pandemic that could wipe
:19:50. > :19:56.out hundreds of thousands of people. But a group of searchers has today
:19:57. > :20:01.said it doesn't actually prevent the spread of flu or reduce dangerous
:20:02. > :20:07.complay mytations -- complication and has little more effect than
:20:08. > :20:12.taking paracetamol. Are they right? It has taken time to come to this
:20:13. > :20:17.conclusion because the drug company refused legally to hand over their
:20:18. > :20:23.data. What is going on? How can you spend more than ?400
:20:24. > :20:27.million on a drug that just doesn't seem to work terribly well. That, it
:20:28. > :20:32.seems, it what the last British Government did. From 2006 it built
:20:33. > :20:37.up a stockpile of Tamiflu, a drug for people who have the flu, to help
:20:38. > :20:47.the country in the event of a major pandemic. But the Cochrane
:20:48. > :20:59.Collaboration, announced today it believes Tamiflu may be of very limb
:21:00. > :21:04.-- limited, while they found it would shorten flu symptoms by half
:21:05. > :21:10.way. There was no good evidence to support claims it reduced admissions
:21:11. > :21:13.to hospital. It announced increased risk of suffering from nausea and
:21:14. > :21:17.vomiting after taking the drug. The big question is why we ended up
:21:18. > :21:22.buying so much Tamiflu. Governments have always had the responsibility
:21:23. > :21:27.to deal with contagious diseases. I'm here at the site of the Soho
:21:28. > :21:32.cholera epidemic. That was pretty easy to solve. All the omissions had
:21:33. > :21:42.to do was take the handle off water pump. Flu, however, is much harder
:21:43. > :21:55.to deal with. Many think of the flu as a few days in bed. It is however
:21:56. > :21:59.a fast growing disease, if it morphs into a particular strain it can
:22:00. > :22:07.cause devastation. The so called Spanish flu killed 228,000 British
:22:08. > :22:11.people. The purchase of Tamiflu was fuelled by fear of a repeat. What if
:22:12. > :22:17.a bird flu turned into a lethal human disease? The Government's risk
:22:18. > :22:22.register noted that a new flu pandemic might cause 750,000 deaths.
:22:23. > :22:29.Would the emergency services cope if, as the worst case scenario
:22:30. > :22:37.planning implied, one in five people were too sick to work? Tamiflu was
:22:38. > :22:46.insurance against a catastrophe. But why did the British Government not
:22:47. > :22:48.look at the evidence that the Cochrane researchers were looking at
:22:49. > :22:52.before deciding to buy all the Tamiflu. They couldn't, the company
:22:53. > :22:57.that makes Tamiflu only recently released the data. I think the most
:22:58. > :23:01.extraordinary thing here is in refusing to hand over this
:23:02. > :23:06.information for half a decade, they broke no law. And in fact that's
:23:07. > :23:10.really the problem here. Our regulatory framework is broken and
:23:11. > :23:14.drug companies and researchers are routinely and legally withholding
:23:15. > :23:18.vitally important information about the results on clinical trials in
:23:19. > :23:22.treatments we used to. Doctors, researchers and patients can't make
:23:23. > :23:26.informed decisions about which treatment is best as long as this is
:23:27. > :23:31.permitted. We need clear legislation to ensure all trials on all the
:23:32. > :23:36.treatments currently being used are made fully, publicly available. So
:23:37. > :23:42.why does that missing trial data matter? So let as imagine I'm trying
:23:43. > :23:46.to sell a new fictional drug. I perform lots of tests and I get all
:23:47. > :23:51.of these results for it. That vertical line there, that is the
:23:52. > :23:57.average result. Now, let's imagine I don't publish all the results. By
:23:58. > :24:04.hiding some of the data I can shift the average. Or suppose I publish
:24:05. > :24:09.all of the results but I don't publish that generated them. And
:24:10. > :24:13.what if my research wasn't totally air tight? The real effects might be
:24:14. > :24:21.different from the one that is I'm claiming. And that is what the
:24:22. > :24:26.Cochrane research essay they came to when they looked at the data on
:24:27. > :24:34.Tamiflu. That conclusion is strongly rejected by Roche who insist it is a
:24:35. > :24:39.vital treatment for flu. Senior he officials in the department say it
:24:40. > :24:44.was still the right decision to stockpile Tamiflu. They say it might
:24:45. > :24:50.not be strong enough but when you are worried about pandemics you get
:24:51. > :24:55.all the help you can get. We invited guests into the studio but nobody
:24:56. > :25:02.was available. I'm joined by one of the writers report, and the
:25:03. > :25:06.Professor of Experimental Medicine at Imperial College. You advised the
:25:07. > :25:09.Government on this issue, what is the point of spending hundreds of
:25:10. > :25:13.millions on Tamiflu if it doesn't work that well? It is important to
:25:14. > :25:17.recognise it does work under some circumstances. It doesn't probably
:25:18. > :25:23.work under some of the circumstances when we use it. But if it is used
:25:24. > :25:27.early there is no doubt it is an effective antiviral drug. But the
:25:28. > :25:31.researchers have gone through every piece of data and every review and
:25:32. > :25:35.survey on the drug, and are you sure we shouldn't have any reservations
:25:36. > :25:41.at all and say we have to have it and haven't got an option. We spend
:25:42. > :25:45.?500 million on it. We have to ask Carl on t the review they have done
:25:46. > :25:50.is a very useful thorough piece of work where they have looked at not
:25:51. > :25:54.all the data, all the published work, and new evidence that has come
:25:55. > :25:56.to light. I'm very pleased that has been done. Which the drug company
:25:57. > :26:45.held on to for five years? That im think that the evidence that
:26:46. > :26:49.Tamiflu is a good drug to prevent that sort of severe disease is
:26:50. > :26:54.rather strong. That wasn't what the new study was about. Are you
:26:55. > :26:57.actually saying we should scrap using this drug? Yes, I am saying
:26:58. > :27:03.that. What we have a difference of opinion here is I'm talking to you
:27:04. > :27:06.about the gold standard evidence, randomised contr trials. What Peter
:27:07. > :27:10.is talking about observational data, what he sees on the ground. That is
:27:11. > :27:13.a much lower level of evidence. That shouldn't be used to establish
:27:14. > :27:17.treatment effectiveness. We have learned that over the last 30 years,
:27:18. > :27:22.that is where we have established the Cochrane collaboration. The drug
:27:23. > :27:29.isn't as effective as it might be, isn't it better than nothing in a
:27:30. > :27:36.serious situation? What was shown in 2005 is in the UN report there would
:27:37. > :27:40.be many deaths, only 90 worldwide at that point. Since that time we
:27:41. > :27:46.purchased 14 million doses of the drug. We have had continual concerns
:27:47. > :27:50.over flu. The unintended consequences is increase in
:27:51. > :27:55.emergency admissions out of hours going through the roof. What should
:27:56. > :27:58.happen if we use it in an intensive care population, which is an
:27:59. > :28:01.interesting trial, we should do the clinical trials for that population.
:28:02. > :28:07.It should be a non-manufacturer trial, but a publicly-funded trial,
:28:08. > :28:10.that would provide the answer. To use observational data is
:28:11. > :28:14.misleading. He says you're misleading? I don't think it is,
:28:15. > :28:19.there are different standards of trial, and the standards that Carl
:28:20. > :28:22.is asking for are the highest possible standards. The trouble is
:28:23. > :28:26.if you restrict your evidence gathering to only those studies that
:28:27. > :28:33.pass your very, very narrow, highest, most stringent standards,
:28:34. > :28:37.you throw out a lot of useful information that may reflect better
:28:38. > :28:44.the way in which he ought to be using these drugs. I agree this is
:28:45. > :28:48.the gold standard and what we should be aspiring to, but in reality it is
:28:49. > :28:52.so difficult to get public funding for studies of this sort. I would
:28:53. > :28:58.love that to be easier. That is not the case, the UK has a budget of ?1.
:28:59. > :29:02.4 billion year. What you are vague is not practice evidence-based
:29:03. > :29:07.evidence, let's practice what we see, observation, and opinion. It is
:29:08. > :29:10.clear can you do clinical trials in high-risk populations, we have done
:29:11. > :29:15.it with people on the roadside when they have traffic accidents. We did
:29:16. > :29:20.a trial of steroids shown to be harmful. We do need to do the
:29:21. > :29:25.clinical trials. However, if we only find it useful in that small
:29:26. > :29:30.population, which is important. And the immunosuppressed population, why
:29:31. > :29:34.are we stockpiling it for all of us in the community. It doesn't make
:29:35. > :29:38.sense. Use the money to do the important clinical trials. I totally
:29:39. > :29:41.agree, we have to do evidence-based medicine, we have to do the proper
:29:42. > :29:45.studies, lots of things which we thought were really beneficial we
:29:46. > :29:51.have thrown out. Do you agree we should stop stockpiling? Absolutely,
:29:52. > :29:54.I was on the panel that ultimately agreed we ought to stockpile. I
:29:55. > :29:59.think we have to remember we were stockpiling against an eventuality
:30:00. > :30:07.that was much more severe than what developed in 2009/10: Should we get
:30:08. > :30:13.more Tamiflu just in case? It would be irresponsible for us not to have
:30:14. > :30:22.a stockpile. If one of these highly pat though -- pathogenic strains
:30:23. > :30:27.arrives, it is not that we will use it but a sensible precaution. After
:30:28. > :30:33.five years to get the data from Roche, it is essential all the
:30:34. > :30:37.research is given to researchers. What would you feel if we just carry
:30:38. > :30:43.on buying Tamiflu? I think what's happening and the problem is, if we
:30:44. > :30:46.keep buying Tamiflu we are stopping do the research and it is blocking
:30:47. > :30:50.innovation to come to the best strategies. We should use that money
:30:51. > :30:54.to come up with alternative strategies. You can't just go let's
:30:55. > :30:59.have a fear approach to healthcare. We cannot afford to do that. We must
:31:00. > :31:08.leave it there I am afraid. Thank you very much. You might not quite
:31:09. > :31:12.be in time to start smashing the plates in celebration, but the put
:31:13. > :31:15.upon population of Greece has something to cheer about, their
:31:16. > :31:19.economy. The country today reentered the bond market. In other words
:31:20. > :31:24.Greece looks a good enough bet for financial types who want to buy up
:31:25. > :31:29.their debt. That means they are trusted enough to be able to pay it
:31:30. > :31:35.back one day. Can we call off the euro crisis at last. I'm joined from
:31:36. > :31:39.Athens by an economist who was a member of the Greek parliament until
:31:40. > :31:45.a couple of years ago. And a Government minister and adviser to
:31:46. > :31:49.Gordon Brown. Firstly to Athens, does it feel where you are like it
:31:50. > :31:57.might be time to call off the crisis? No, I think that would be
:31:58. > :32:01.completely irresponsible to say, and no-one, even those extremely happy
:32:02. > :32:05.about the news today would even dare to even think something like that.
:32:06. > :32:11.We're really far away from saying that the crisis is over. This is
:32:12. > :32:16.just a movement that generate, if you wish, a positive signals in the
:32:17. > :32:22.market that we are some how on the right track. We could have done
:32:23. > :32:28.without it we never the less decided to go ahead with the issue, and that
:32:29. > :32:34.is pretty much what it is so far. We should be with our heads between our
:32:35. > :32:38.shoulders. Two years ago we were talking still about the potential
:32:39. > :32:41.collapse of the eurozone. Greece looked like it was in massive,
:32:42. > :32:45.massive problems. Nobody could have dreamt then they would be returning
:32:46. > :32:50.to the markets 24-months later. Surely this is a corner being
:32:51. > :32:55.turned? Yes, it means that for two years now all the European Union
:32:56. > :33:02.organisations got together and tried to guarantee as much as they could
:33:03. > :33:06.the coalition of the 17 member states of the eurozone so we would
:33:07. > :33:13.not have one of the members fall out, and as a result the breakdown
:33:14. > :33:18.of the euro. And today really what it shows, it is not just the
:33:19. > :33:24.issuance of the Greek bond to the market, but really an issuance of
:33:25. > :33:28.the European Union reforms that have been taking place for the last two
:33:29. > :33:33.years that basically guarantee the fact that if ever Greece would have
:33:34. > :33:37.a problem the organisations and institutions of the zone, the
:33:38. > :33:43.eurozone are strong enough to handle it. With borrowing costs falling for
:33:44. > :33:48.Greece and many of the European countries, does this show that
:33:49. > :33:56.essentially the central banks have just solved it by issuing blank
:33:57. > :33:59.cheques, or has austerity worked? I think it is more a reflection of the
:34:00. > :34:03.state of the European, rather than the state of Greece or some other
:34:04. > :34:06.countries. Some countries have done fatastically well in their reforms,
:34:07. > :34:13.for example Ireland. But really I think what the market is showing its
:34:14. > :34:18.confidence in is Mario Dragi saying he would do whatever it takes. The
:34:19. > :34:23.head of the European Central Bank? Yes. I don't think it is a vote of
:34:24. > :34:27.confidence in the economic measures. The crisis has gone from the acute
:34:28. > :34:32.to the chronic. There is extremely long road ahead of reforms. The real
:34:33. > :34:39.economy is still suffering. I mean Greece has had 25%, a quarter of its
:34:40. > :34:42.GDP wiped out. It has unemployment, one in two young people, more than
:34:43. > :34:48.one in two young people are unemployed. It actually has
:34:49. > :34:54.deflation, which make its debt burden higher. The debt burden is
:34:55. > :35:01.essentially unsolvable. It may have liquidity but it is unsolvable. When
:35:02. > :35:05.there was those rumours of Greece crashing out of the currency with
:35:06. > :35:08.unknown contagion, it is a better position that people thought we
:35:09. > :35:12.would be in now? Of course it is a much better position. Because the
:35:13. > :35:17.existential part of the crisis is over. However, the real crisis that
:35:18. > :35:24.people feel, you know, the one in four people who are unemployed, the
:35:25. > :35:28.fact that there is a debt burden, there is still going to have to be a
:35:29. > :35:32.restructured of the debt to make it affordbling. What is the feeling
:35:33. > :35:37.amongst people who live there, who are not paying attention to what the
:35:38. > :35:41.bond markets are up to. What is the feeling of the population? I took a
:35:42. > :35:46.taxi to come to the studio here and I was asking about that myself. I
:35:47. > :35:52.also walked around to just let you know that there is not very much of
:35:53. > :35:59.a feeling, neither of happiness nor of sadness. It is kind of neutral.
:36:00. > :36:05.Very well said, we have about 60% plus youth unemployment, 30% regular
:36:06. > :36:12.unemployment, Greeks have lost 30% of their GDP, as long as liquidity
:36:13. > :36:16.in the market is not out there, and people don't feel that they have a
:36:17. > :36:19.present let alone a future. I don't think it is appropriate to suggest
:36:20. > :36:26.that anyone down the road is going to be feeling any happiness about
:36:27. > :36:32.the issuance of bonds today. Is there any sense of gratitude to the
:36:33. > :36:36.rest of Europe for writing those blank cheques. Angela Merkel the
:36:37. > :36:40.German leader in Greece tomorrow, she was massively attacked and
:36:41. > :36:44.treated with huge hostility previously, will she be, maybe not
:36:45. > :36:50.welcomed, but perhaps at least tolerated when she visits tomorrow
:36:51. > :36:56.do you think? I think there is a big misunderstanding here, and several
:36:57. > :37:01.degrees of separation between the citizen down the street and Angela
:37:02. > :37:06.Merkel and the troika and the west. What I'm trying to say is that
:37:07. > :37:11.basically our problem in Greece is a structural problem. We have a broken
:37:12. > :37:17.productive system, and we haven't really done very much to reform
:37:18. > :37:24.that. This is what you do see daily in the streets, you see still an
:37:25. > :37:28.overly bureaucratic market, an overly bureaucratic economy that
:37:29. > :37:33.stifle, if you like, innovation, entrepeneurship, and the rather
:37:34. > :37:40.unpredictable rules that change every day about three new taxes
:37:41. > :37:45.indicators that are changing every single day that stifles people's
:37:46. > :37:49.ability to do any type of activity, that is very much the view out
:37:50. > :37:53.there. That is the view from Athens, but how will we however know when
:37:54. > :37:57.there has been success, if it is not the markets being confident enough
:37:58. > :38:00.to think that Greeks will pay their debts back, which is a big step, how
:38:01. > :38:04.will we know when everything is fine? First of all I'm not saying,
:38:05. > :38:07.and I don't think anybody said that the markets are confident enough to
:38:08. > :38:11.think that the Greek also pay their debt back. The they are confident
:38:12. > :38:16.enough to believe that the European Union and the ECB will stand behind
:38:17. > :38:21.the Greek debt. There is only one test at the end of it which is
:38:22. > :38:26.employment, growth, investment. And the lives of real people. That is
:38:27. > :38:33.when we will know. By the way that will be years, if not longer,
:38:34. > :38:42.decades perhaps. Thank you very much . Juliette Binoche and Kylie Minogue
:38:43. > :38:47.aren't too shabby as partners on the potential dance floor, Akram Khan,
:38:48. > :38:50.one of the best-loved British choreographers has worked with them
:38:51. > :38:55.both, as well as a host of other stars. Khan, who trained as a
:38:56. > :38:59.traditional Indian dancer is breaking new ground with a show he
:39:00. > :39:19.devised with the English National Ballet. We have been to take a look.
:39:20. > :39:32.There are many different layer that is we have to touch upon. And the
:39:33. > :39:36.poetic body, the spiritual body. The politic Kalt body, the message --
:39:37. > :39:41.political body, the message you are getting through that body, it is not
:39:42. > :39:49.just an athletic body, a religious body. Akram Khan, dancing the lead
:39:50. > :39:56.in his own piece, Dust, at the Barbican in London. He's joined by
:39:57. > :40:00.tap ma a Roho of the English National Ballet. It is an unusual
:40:01. > :40:04.collaboration for a man with a background in Indian dance. But then
:40:05. > :40:12.it is an unusual work, about the First World War. I was fascinated
:40:13. > :40:16.about the idea of women moving from, you know, bei regarded as housewives
:40:17. > :40:20.to suddenly being workers in a factory. They had to build
:40:21. > :40:25.ammunition, weapons and lots of different things, they had to look
:40:26. > :40:32.after wounded soldiers. And so the role of women transformed. In
:40:33. > :40:47.society, the way society works and that was a pivitol moment for me.
:40:48. > :40:53.The interest in me was to reflect through the idea of trenches in the
:40:54. > :40:58.Second World War. I don't know if it was all method and you made them
:40:59. > :41:04.live in a trench for a week? I would have loved to do that. What a good
:41:05. > :41:10.idea! Now we all lead busy lives and don't get to contemporary dance as
:41:11. > :41:11.often as we would like. If you are thinking you haven't seen Akram
:41:12. > :41:27.Khan's work before, think again. We eventually got on stage, on that
:41:28. > :41:34.day and 80,000 people went quiet. The silence of 80,000 people is very
:41:35. > :41:39.loud. It is epic. So it was not silence, it was almost distorting in
:41:40. > :41:45.your ears. That freaked me out a little bit! In what way, you thought
:41:46. > :41:50.my gosh we are at really something special here? Something special and
:41:51. > :41:58.if you mess out you don't have a second show to try to rectify it!
:41:59. > :42:04.Kicking off the London Games was something the young Akram Khan could
:42:05. > :42:07.hardly have dreamt of, the son of Bengali immigrants growing up over
:42:08. > :42:11.their restaurant in south London. I never imagined I would be at the
:42:12. > :42:17.Olympic, I remember watching the Olympics opening and being
:42:18. > :42:25.completely in awe of the ceremonies that we saw, but I never thought I
:42:26. > :42:31.would be part of T As dancer and choreographer, Khan's background is
:42:32. > :42:42.in a classical Indian tradition. But not exclusively. I was inspired by
:42:43. > :43:05.Michael Jackson, Charley chaplain, Bruce Lee, all my heros. A Newsnight
:43:06. > :43:08.mash-up, apologies. But as he performs with the English National
:43:09. > :43:11.Ballet by night, by day he's here rehearsing a different piece with
:43:12. > :43:16.these students from the national youth dance company. They are
:43:17. > :43:25.appearing at Sadler's Wells next week. Slow, slow, don't rush me,
:43:26. > :43:31.pull me up, even this. It has to feel heavy. You just come out of
:43:32. > :43:36.this move. It is amazing to push yourself to your limit and do things
:43:37. > :43:39.to more extreme, it is more challenging, it is different to any
:43:40. > :43:43.choreography I have done before. There is a lot more to it, something
:43:44. > :43:47.deeper. A lot of his work is spiritual. He will come in and say
:43:48. > :43:53.something, like a sentence and all of a sudden you have a whole newer P
:43:54. > :43:57.pective on what -- new perspective on what the movement is and how it
:43:58. > :44:06.should feel. He sheds different light on everything. This group
:44:07. > :44:12.disproves the theory that watching YouTube videos makes teenagers idle.
:44:13. > :44:17.It is an inspiration. We didn't have that in our time, this group are far
:44:18. > :44:20.more advanced than I was when I was 16 for sure. Because they have the
:44:21. > :44:25.access through the computer to so many different art forms. But for me
:44:26. > :44:35.it is not the final outcome, you know. Y can't learn everything on
:44:36. > :44:51.YouTube. From here, again, hold it, more, more, give more to your body.
:44:52. > :44:59.You can't get it from a computer, or even from a class. Akram Khan's
:45:00. > :45:06.story is that you have to dance to the beat of a different drum. The
:45:07. > :45:12.choreography is just the structure for you to get through to the end.
:45:13. > :45:28.Between A and B, the beginning and the end. The structure is only there
:45:29. > :45:35.for it to be a guide, a Road Map. Almost as amazing as the Olympics
:45:36. > :45:56.ceremony, the front pages just in. The Guardian:
:45:57. > :46:01.Perish the thought that you have been checking your work e-mails
:46:02. > :46:04.while watching us at the same time. But if you have been in France you
:46:05. > :46:09.wouldn't have even had the chance. They have just introduced rules to
:46:10. > :46:15.protect about a million workers from work e-mail outside office hours
:46:16. > :46:19.between 9.00am and 6.00pm. Employees will have to switch off their work
:46:20. > :46:23.phones and e-mails. We tried to talk to a French guest about this but
:46:24. > :46:26.they weren't answering their devices. What could they have been
:46:27. > :47:24.doing instead? Bon N uit! Temperatures falling sharply
:47:25. > :47:29.outside, a chilly start to Friday morning. Cloudy across parts of the
:47:30. > :47:31.Midlands and East Anglia, early showers, mist