:00:00. > :00:11.Tonight on Newsnight, the school in Birmingham at the centre of Islamist
:00:12. > :00:18.takeover allegation, two teachers talk about their experiences
:00:19. > :00:21.tonight. In a boys' education sex lesson, a sheet was given out saying
:00:22. > :00:26.a woman had to obey her husband. Questions were asked, does that mean
:00:27. > :00:36.a woman can't say no, we can demand sex. Behold a Labour policy, after
:00:37. > :00:43.Labour promises to say no to zero hours contracts, Ed Miliband reveals
:00:44. > :00:48.his reforms. After winning independent status, is independence
:00:49. > :00:53.next for the lights of pirates, pasties and Poldark.
:00:54. > :00:58.# Cornwall forever my home We will be speaking to the man who is
:00:59. > :01:03.practically the king of Cornwall, Jethro. And Tom Hollander swaps his
:01:04. > :01:13.dog colour for a crown for tonight's celebration of Shakespeare's 450th
:01:14. > :01:17.birthday. Good evening, the so called
:01:18. > :01:20.operation trowing trowing allegations of co-ordinated moves by
:01:21. > :01:28.a group of Islamist hardliners to take control of as many as 25
:01:29. > :01:32.schools, sentering on Park View School is sentering around
:01:33. > :01:37.accusations. Amidst all the uncertainty, Newsnight has been to
:01:38. > :01:40.Birmingham to find out from teachers at the school what really happened.
:01:41. > :01:53.We have significant new details about what is going on.
:01:54. > :01:57.Welcome to Birmingham. Right now four investigations are raking over
:01:58. > :02:02.this part of the city. Largely following the trail of the so called
:02:03. > :02:06."Trojan horse letter", it apparently detailed a plot by Muslim hardliners
:02:07. > :02:13.to take over some of the city's schools. It is largely thought to be
:02:14. > :02:18.a forgery, but there are concerns about local state schools, and
:02:19. > :02:22.whether in some cases conservatism might have drifted into something
:02:23. > :02:30.worse. Much of the attention is focussed on this school, Park View,
:02:31. > :02:34.this secondary school had an exceptionally high academic
:02:35. > :02:38.reputation. And also the chairman of governors is very high-profile, and
:02:39. > :02:42.named in the Trojan Horse document. Since 2010 a number of people have
:02:43. > :02:45.made complaints to the authority about extremism in the school. The
:02:46. > :02:50.latest concerns were raised in January and February of this year
:02:51. > :02:54.when three ters wrote to the Department for Education, their
:02:55. > :02:59.complaints, seen by Newsnight report discrimination, prejudice against
:03:00. > :03:04.girls, and extreme religious views. The teachers also detailed some
:03:05. > :03:07.quite specific examples. In a boys' sex education lesson a work sheet
:03:08. > :03:12.was given out to them which said a woman has to obey her husband.
:03:13. > :03:18.Questions were asked "does that mean a woman can't say no", "we can
:03:19. > :03:21.demand sex". To be clear there, boys at the school were told that their
:03:22. > :03:24.wives wouldn't be able to refuse sex? Yeah, and they were actually
:03:25. > :03:28.talking to some of the girls about it. And the girls were saying to
:03:29. > :03:34.some of the female staff, is that right, when we're married we can't
:03:35. > :03:39.say no? Problems reached academic subjects too. The thing that shocked
:03:40. > :03:43.me the most, is seeing creationism and intelligent design being taught
:03:44. > :03:50.in a science class by a science teacher by children supposed to be
:03:51. > :03:53.studying for GCSEs. These were 14-16-year-old children being taught
:03:54. > :03:58.things not scientific and not on the curriculum. The school says
:03:59. > :04:01.creationism is not school policy and it was never told about the
:04:02. > :04:04.concerns. Had it heard it says it would have investigated them fully.
:04:05. > :04:07.It adds that the sexual consent issue came about from a
:04:08. > :04:11.misunderstanding of a historical reference to do with the cultural
:04:12. > :04:16.expectations of sex within marriage. And the school held a special
:04:17. > :04:21.assembly of year ten boys to make it clear that sex without informed
:04:22. > :04:26.consent is rape. Among many parents living in the area the school is
:04:27. > :04:30.still very popular. Many believe the allegations against Park View are
:04:31. > :04:34.just part of a witch-hunt. The first thing that has attracted me is the
:04:35. > :04:39.education and the results. Because you want to send your child to a
:04:40. > :04:42.school where you know, blissfully they will achieve their potential.
:04:43. > :04:46.And with this community as well, where we live, it is a deprived
:04:47. > :04:50.area, there is lots of families that are lone single families and you
:04:51. > :04:53.know you have children that are all over the place and the way that they
:04:54. > :04:57.have dealt with the kids here, you know, really brought them up, giving
:04:58. > :05:00.them the confidence. You have to take these things into consideration
:05:01. > :05:03.as well, it is not just about having an excellent education, it does
:05:04. > :05:08.depend on how you develop the child and they have, I'm telling you, they
:05:09. > :05:12.have achieved. Muslim conservatism receives particular detention from
:05:13. > :05:17.the authorities. That's because of the fear it creates about political
:05:18. > :05:27.radicalisation. But extreme conservatism can be problematic on
:05:28. > :05:33.its own. Talha Ahmad from The Muslim Council of Britain, formerly taught
:05:34. > :05:35.in Birmingham schools, and we have the head of the British Humanist
:05:36. > :05:39.Association. It is not acceptable is it to tell women they have to obey
:05:40. > :05:44.their husbands at all times? Of course not, if any school, whether
:05:45. > :05:48.it is, even if faith, Muslim faith school teaches that I think that
:05:49. > :05:53.would be condemnable. Let's be clear these teachers said that they knew
:05:54. > :05:56.that boys in a sex education lesson had been told and the girls then
:05:57. > :06:01.knew that the boys had been told that women had to give sex to the
:06:02. > :06:05.husband, there was no option? Well it appears that this is what is
:06:06. > :06:09.reports, but also I noted that I think the school says that they once
:06:10. > :06:14.they discovered it they did do an assembly in which they made it very
:06:15. > :06:19.clear that any sex without informed consent sun acceptable. But -- is
:06:20. > :06:24.unacceptable, but the bottom line is these kinds of messages, whoever
:06:25. > :06:29.gives it out is not acceptable. But it is the case that the teacher who
:06:30. > :06:35.delivered that message is still teaching in another Park View
:06:36. > :06:40.school, is that acceptable? That's a very difficult question for me to
:06:41. > :06:47.necessarily respond to. But I think the teacher has to be disciplined
:06:48. > :06:50.the management has to be satisfied that the... Surely The Muslim
:06:51. > :06:55.Council of Britain does not condone the idea that a teacher that
:06:56. > :07:00.delivered rape and marriage is acceptable is teaching in another
:07:01. > :07:03.school in Birmingham? If he's allowed to teach it is showing a
:07:04. > :07:11.serious error of judgment. We know immediately this happened there was,
:07:12. > :07:15.in a sense, a counter sexual education class where boys and girls
:07:16. > :07:19.were told it was Australian acceptable behaviour, and it was a
:07:20. > :07:23.one-off? The report says the claims about unbalanced sex education and
:07:24. > :07:27.teaching creationism in science, and unbalanced RE and general religious
:07:28. > :07:30.conservatism in the school have been coroborated by teachers today and
:07:31. > :07:33.reports already written by the Education Funding Agency. That may
:07:34. > :07:37.have been a one-off, but it does seem to speak a wider pattern. What
:07:38. > :07:41.about the fact that the teacher is still in the Park View system? I
:07:42. > :07:50.think that demonstrates that it is not taken seriously. Also we know
:07:51. > :07:53.from the teachers from their own reports that creationism was taught
:07:54. > :07:59.in science lesson, that is against the law? It is first time I'm
:08:00. > :08:04.hearing that a Muslim, or rather if you like a conservatism Muslim would
:08:05. > :08:09.promote creationism. I think it is utterly unacceptable and no place in
:08:10. > :08:12.the 21st century that we should be teaching creationism, and The Muslim
:08:13. > :08:17.Council of Britain is very clear about it. If The Muslim Council of
:08:18. > :08:24.Britain is very clear about it, presumably it is having no impact on
:08:25. > :08:29.the Park View School system? At Park View school, The Muslim Council of
:08:30. > :08:33.Britain has to leverage over it. It is regulated and inspected by the
:08:34. > :08:36.Department for Education, Ofsted and local authorities, even if these
:08:37. > :08:39.things are going on, what it does show is a serious failure of
:08:40. > :08:43.management and governance, but my trouble is, I think, is when you
:08:44. > :08:47.look at this, this is not an incident that the Muslim community
:08:48. > :08:52.has instigated. But the whole debate has moved into the future of the
:08:53. > :08:55.Muslim community and how we accommodate for them. We expect
:08:56. > :08:58.after the testimony of the teachers certain things to become clearer to
:08:59. > :09:01.these investigations, because these teachers are saying clearly these
:09:02. > :09:07.are the things they saw in terms of the teaching of creationism, in
:09:08. > :09:11.science, and also essentially the teaching that actually rape and
:09:12. > :09:15.marriage is acceptable? I think so far what we hear is that the serious
:09:16. > :09:19.allegation has been made, by people who have said they have witnessed
:09:20. > :09:21.it, for example teachers in this case. There are three investigations
:09:22. > :09:25.going on. It is wise and prudent that we wait for the investigation
:09:26. > :09:30.and allow them to complete it and then have a proper debate on it. The
:09:31. > :09:34.accusation is nor specific on that, what the former teachers are saying
:09:35. > :09:38.is they saw the work sheet and it has been quoted with verbatim, with
:09:39. > :09:42.quotes saying a woman can't say no and the role of a woman is to say
:09:43. > :09:50.yes, it is not just one person's word for it. These are very serious
:09:51. > :09:52.issues, but this is not evidence of claims of widespread Islamist
:09:53. > :10:00.takeover of Birmingham schools is it? No. Therefore, these allegations
:10:01. > :10:04.are possibly overblown, we already know the question of the original
:10:05. > :10:08.letter talking about, as it, were the idea of the Trojan Horse, are
:10:09. > :10:15.possibly and more likely to be a forgery? That is one of the claims.
:10:16. > :10:20.Claims of political extremism and that Trojan Horse letter is a
:10:21. > :10:25.godsend to the school, because it seems to coroborate stories about a
:10:26. > :10:31.too narrow education across RE and science being delivered. We need to
:10:32. > :10:35.put it, political extremism exists, but put it to one side, we are
:10:36. > :10:42.talking about a narrow curriculum in a Community School that should be
:10:43. > :10:47.more open. The trouble we have, we have the testing of the will about
:10:48. > :10:51.challenging what they call Islamist vaguely defined. On the other find
:10:52. > :10:56.we have the left keen to show that Michael Gove's education model has
:10:57. > :10:59.failed, and the Muslim community are like a political cobble, kicked from
:11:00. > :11:02.left, right and centre. You are talking about teachers putting
:11:03. > :11:07.forward allegations about the nature of the sex education lessons, the
:11:08. > :11:11.schools has admitted the sex education lessons took place, that
:11:12. > :11:16.is the atmosphere that took place in the system? If the law has been
:11:17. > :11:20.broken action has to be taken. The Muslim community and Muslim council
:11:21. > :11:25.supports it. What is not acceptable is to shift, at the moment what is
:11:26. > :11:30.happening... If I can put this to you, would you say that for the vast
:11:31. > :11:34.majority of Muslims in the United Kingdom, the idea that a woman has
:11:35. > :11:41.to obey her husband is wrong, and should not in any way be promoted?
:11:42. > :11:44.No. In a way, here we have a very straight forward idea for the Muslim
:11:45. > :11:49.Council of Great Britain that actually what you are seeing is
:11:50. > :11:53.actually been a small individual instance in one school area, which
:11:54. > :11:57.we now know has been admitted and changed? I think that focussing on
:11:58. > :12:01.that one particular example of teaching that consent is not
:12:02. > :12:04.necessary in sex may well be able to be dismissed and may not be
:12:05. > :12:08.recurrent throughout the system. It seems to be symptomatic of a wider
:12:09. > :12:13.narrowing of the curriculum in that school. This is not allegation you
:12:14. > :12:15.are making, you have no proof of that? The multiple corroboration
:12:16. > :12:19.between different teachers, including those we have heard of
:12:20. > :12:22.today, Education Funding Agency report published in the newspapers
:12:23. > :12:26.just a few days ago. But you can look at the Muslim Council of
:12:27. > :12:30.Britain's own education guidance from 2007 to see they advise things
:12:31. > :12:33.like girls and boys should be separate in PE, girls and boys
:12:34. > :12:36.shouldn't touch in dance, girls and boys shouldn't be brought together
:12:37. > :12:40.in drama. That is the narrowing we talk about. Is that what you
:12:41. > :12:45.promote? There are two issues that I want to pick on, on the
:12:46. > :12:49.guidelinesishued by The Muslim Council of Britain -- guidelines
:12:50. > :12:52.issued by The Muslim Council of Britain, we have never promoted
:12:53. > :12:56.segregation, the broad point is we are still talking about allegations,
:12:57. > :12:59.and if we are asking people to investigate, I accept there are
:13:00. > :13:04.serious allegations. Some of them are admitted by the school. You
:13:05. > :13:08.have... Things that most people would say are wrong. We leave it
:13:09. > :13:11.there and expect to hear more. Thank you very much indeed.
:13:12. > :13:17.Almost 20 years Agnew Labour in opposition was young -- new Labour
:13:18. > :13:23.in opposition was gung ho, saying banning zero hours contracts and
:13:24. > :13:30.storming the citadel. Then zero hours contracts suddenly weren't the
:13:31. > :13:33.priority any more. We have news. We hear that Ed Miliband tomorrow will
:13:34. > :13:39.spell out legislation, new legal rights for employers, he worries
:13:40. > :13:43.about the way that employers are treated, how they treat their
:13:44. > :13:47.employees, he wants to ensure that workers can demand fixed hours
:13:48. > :13:52.contracts when they have worked regular hours over six months with
:13:53. > :13:55.the same employee. And that they automatically receive a fixed
:13:56. > :14:00.contract working regular hours over a year, and they can work for other
:14:01. > :14:03.employers at the same time. Official figures show more than half a
:14:04. > :14:07.million people in the UK work force are on the contracts. Many of them
:14:08. > :14:12.don't even realise. The issue has become totemic for our age. A lot of
:14:13. > :14:15.people say it is a return to the Dickensian work practices that leave
:14:16. > :14:20.the employee no security and power. What is interesting is when you look
:14:21. > :14:23.at the proposals it is hard not to spot the wriggle room, for any
:14:24. > :14:28.employer who can adjust the way they are using their employment narrowing
:14:29. > :14:33.from six months to five months for example, from a year to 11 months,
:14:34. > :14:37.and to find loopholes around this. Why has he done it now? It is
:14:38. > :14:41.interesting isn't it, the political picture is becoming much harder for
:14:42. > :14:46.Labour to find any real economic ground to make headway on the big
:14:47. > :14:50.macro picture in the UK, it is getting better. Growth we know is
:14:51. > :14:54.up, unemployment is down, average ges starting to turn the corner, it
:14:55. > :14:57.is left to Labour to find the specific measures that they think
:14:58. > :15:00.will go to the heart of people's pockets. To their sense of
:15:01. > :15:05.injustice. To this cost of living crisis that we hear so much from Ed
:15:06. > :15:09.Miliband. We have seen Labour do well, they have taken on vested
:15:10. > :15:13.interests, the energy companies and banks. We have seen policies like a
:15:14. > :15:17.raise in the minimum wage, the cap on payday loans and a freeze in gas
:15:18. > :15:21.prizes, they get adopted by the other side, the Government. You can
:15:22. > :15:26.read these are positive ideas they don't have the space to manoeuvre on
:15:27. > :15:31.the big stuff or a distinctly clever move that will chime with a lot of
:15:32. > :15:38.people working long hours and don't like it. National Heritage entered
:15:39. > :15:44.-- Nigel Farage entered the fray last week in this and UKIP and
:15:45. > :15:48.Labour looking for very much the same kind of vote. The zero hours
:15:49. > :15:52.contract, alongside the payday loan and the bad bank has come to be seen
:15:53. > :15:56.as a by-word for social injustice in recent months. The sense that those
:15:57. > :16:01.with little are losing out to those with lots, the hard-pressed worker
:16:02. > :16:06.with virtually no job security. It is fertile territory for Labour
:16:07. > :16:10.leader who has coined the cost of living as his crisis to fix. Last
:16:11. > :16:15.autumn Ed Miliband hinted a Labour Government would tackle what he
:16:16. > :16:18.calls the exploitive practice. I'm in favour of flexibility, but not
:16:19. > :16:23.the kind of flexibility that means that people have to be flexible
:16:24. > :16:26.about whether they can feed the kids and afford the weekly shop. We have
:16:27. > :16:30.to put a stop to that, that is what Labour is determined to do. Tomorrow
:16:31. > :16:35.we get the first clear signs of what this would mean. He wants to ensure
:16:36. > :16:37.workers can demand a fixed hours contract when they have worked
:16:38. > :16:43.regular hours over six months with the same employers. And that they
:16:44. > :16:46.receive a fixed hours contract automatically when they have worked
:16:47. > :16:53.regular hours over a year, unless of course they opt out. He will also
:16:54. > :16:57.ensure they are protected from employers forcing them to be
:16:58. > :17:02.available all hours, insisting they can't work for others, and
:17:03. > :17:06.cancelling shifts for no money. He will make it part of a speech in
:17:07. > :17:15.Scotland, insisting it is only by offering a UK-wide policy that the
:17:16. > :17:19.sides of the border won't race each other to the bottom. It will chime
:17:20. > :17:22.well with people pulling pints, stacking shelves or working in the
:17:23. > :17:27.construction industry. Look closely and the loophole force employers are
:17:28. > :17:31.pretty easy to stop. Who is to stop a boss offering a five-month
:17:32. > :17:34.contract instead of a six-month contract to get around any new
:17:35. > :17:41.legislation. Who is to stop a boss firing a worker just short of a
:17:42. > :17:45.year. The fear of a little bit too much commitment coming on. Critics
:17:46. > :17:49.point out many of the zero contract employees are pretty vulnerable,
:17:50. > :17:55.young workers, first-timers, those generally less likely to flex their
:17:56. > :17:59.muscle with an all-powerful boss. And then of course there are those
:18:00. > :18:03.who value the flexibility that a zero hours contract brings,
:18:04. > :18:07.highly-skilled professionals, technicians, dentists, parents
:18:08. > :18:10.wanting family-flexible hours. Ed Miliband has made it clear that
:18:11. > :18:16.anyone can opt out of a decision if they choose, but if the zero hours
:18:17. > :18:20.contract is pilloried to the point where it disappears, that may hurt
:18:21. > :18:27.some in the work place more than it helps them. Here to discuss these
:18:28. > :18:37.proposals are Karen Jennings, the Assistant General Secretary of
:18:38. > :18:42.Unison, and broil prowl prowl -- and our other guest. Many don't like
:18:43. > :18:45.these contracts? Just under 50% of people are satisfied with the hours
:18:46. > :18:51.they are working. That means 50% aren't? It doesn't mean that at all.
:18:52. > :18:54.30% of people wished more hours and 20% didn't feel strongly. We have a
:18:55. > :18:58.majority of people happy with the number of hours they are working.
:18:59. > :19:01.What we need to look in the broader terms is what is happening in the UK
:19:02. > :19:04.versus what is happening in the continental countries with more
:19:05. > :19:07.restrictive practices and the answer there is much higher unemployment.
:19:08. > :19:11.The question comes down to are we going down the path where we are
:19:12. > :19:14.restricting to the point where we take our unemployment to European
:19:15. > :19:17.levels, that would be really tragic. The threat is this will lead to
:19:18. > :19:23.greater unemployment, but you haven't got what you wanted which
:19:24. > :19:27.was the end to zero hours contracts? Unison represents public sector
:19:28. > :19:31.workers, we want to see an end to that in health and social care. He's
:19:32. > :19:37.not offering that? It is definitely modest, but again he's talking more
:19:38. > :19:42.broadly than the public sector. He is talking wider than that. For us
:19:43. > :19:46.we need to see an end to zero hours contracts, it is not good for the
:19:47. > :19:49.staff themselves, we have seen horrendous abuses of that. Not least
:19:50. > :19:53.paying people below the minimum wage because they don't pay them between
:19:54. > :20:01.their visits, the time it takes to travel. Have you surveyed the
:20:02. > :20:06.opposite here which is said 50% on zero hours contracts like the
:20:07. > :20:10.system? Yes, of course, the members we represent are low-paid members, I
:20:11. > :20:14.would suggest the members that you a surveying are probably the
:20:15. > :20:17.professional technical people who may want the flexibility. What I
:20:18. > :20:22.would say to you is that this is about a race to the bottom. Where
:20:23. > :20:27.you see employers, particularly in the public sector, they are
:20:28. > :20:32.outsourced employers, they are paying little, they cans employment
:20:33. > :20:36.the minute -- they exploit the minimum wage and the standards of
:20:37. > :20:41.those carers drop as well. If we are talking about six months continuous
:20:42. > :20:47.employment, and then we're talking about a year's employment as well,
:20:48. > :20:50.both being triggers to end zero hours contracts and as emably says
:20:51. > :20:55.you employ someone five months or 11 months and get round it? Precisely,
:20:56. > :20:58.that probably shows the way in which Ed Miliband is really looking here
:20:59. > :21:03.for. You mean this is actually what he's thinking? I think he probably S
:21:04. > :21:06.he doesn't want to bring in the inflexibility which a lot of people
:21:07. > :21:09.recognise. So it is just for show, if it wasn't just for show, if he
:21:10. > :21:14.really was on the side of the workers as it were, he would ban
:21:15. > :21:16.zero hours contracts? I think it is deeply unfortunate that we are
:21:17. > :21:20.looking at one element of what Ed Miliband has suggested. This is a
:21:21. > :21:25.key element, if he is saying that businesses will get round it, then
:21:26. > :21:28.actually it is worthless? It is a key element, but there are other
:21:29. > :21:34.elements as well. Look the coalition Government are only looking at
:21:35. > :21:37.tinkering at the edges of zero hours contracts. That is to do with the
:21:38. > :21:41.exclusivity element which Ed is dealing with. You have to say that
:21:42. > :21:45.Vince Cable is ahead of the game on that, he has already said they are
:21:46. > :21:49.looking at proposals to end the idea that there has to be exclusivity? We
:21:50. > :21:53.called for the reform of that too. This is not a big idea from Ed
:21:54. > :21:59.Miliband? What I'm saying is it is only one small element. Ed Miliband
:22:00. > :22:05.is also saying that you should be paid where time you are expected to
:22:06. > :22:12.work you don't work. Look I think it is a modest, cautious step in the
:22:13. > :22:15.right direction. This is not the great horizon, it is interesting you
:22:16. > :22:20.should say it is a modest, cautious, step, is this really going to earn
:22:21. > :22:23.Ed Miliband plaudits? What I'm saying is he has gone further than
:22:24. > :22:28.the coalition Government at the moment. We will continue to lobby
:22:29. > :22:32.him, don't forget, these are proposal that is are going to Ed
:22:33. > :22:39.Miliband. He has had 20 years to think about it? Coming back to you,
:22:40. > :22:42.I seem to remember it was said the minimum wage would decimate
:22:43. > :22:46.industry? We always said it depended upon the level it was set. That was
:22:47. > :22:50.your wriggle room, the fact is nothing of the sort happened. So it
:22:51. > :22:53.is possible, actually, that you know that evolutionary process will take
:22:54. > :22:56.place and actually it might give comfort to employers too to know
:22:57. > :23:00.they have the loyalty of their staff because they treat them well?
:23:01. > :23:03.Clearly every employer wants to treat staff well that is the way you
:23:04. > :23:09.get loyal staff without question. Would you like to see the end of
:23:10. > :23:12.zero hours contracts, especially for poorly paid workers who are
:23:13. > :23:16.unskilled? What we have is extremely good which is a situation in the
:23:17. > :23:20.last few years where employers and employees have been extremely mature
:23:21. > :23:23.about the level of wage increases they are demanding and various other
:23:24. > :23:27.things. Lots of people might wish to work more hours, but they maintain
:23:28. > :23:31.the jobs. If we looked and saw the depth of the recession we have just
:23:32. > :23:35.been through, we would publicly expect unemployment to be double the
:23:36. > :23:38.rate it is, and the reason it hasn't been is people have been showing a
:23:39. > :23:43.good deal of maturity. There is the flexibility in the market. Zero
:23:44. > :23:51.hours contracts are one small part of a flexible labour market. I'm not
:23:52. > :23:54.here to stick up to for the Labour Party, I'm here to represent
:23:55. > :23:59.members, the same laws of maturity has not applied to bankers and
:24:00. > :24:03.financing. You represent health workers and social care workers?
:24:04. > :24:08.Which have been exploited under zero hours contracts. Unison's policy is
:24:09. > :24:12.you want an end to it? Yes. You represent that for your union, you
:24:13. > :24:16.think these kind of workers are a special case. There is a lot of
:24:17. > :24:19.difficult work? It is about our workers, but also standards of care
:24:20. > :24:23.delivered to patients. On that basis, are you saying to Ed Miliband
:24:24. > :24:29.right now, ban them, before it comes to the manifesto? We are saying end
:24:30. > :24:34.zero hours contracts in health and social care. It is not only Ed
:24:35. > :24:40.Miliband who is out of the traps with an early election pledge. David
:24:41. > :24:44.Cameron who once memorably had his very own small wind turbine on his
:24:45. > :24:48.roof has announced under a Conservative Government support for
:24:49. > :24:50.the giant whirly gigs will be calmed. There is no supsidies and
:24:51. > :24:54.local authorities will be given the power to decide on planning
:24:55. > :25:00.applications as they see fit. As we report the party that once urged us
:25:01. > :25:14.to vote blue and go green is blowing cold on their much-vaunted energy
:25:15. > :25:17.policy. "Get off our land"! It's a road mate. Go away. The
:25:18. > :25:22.countryside's howl against turbines that has pitted villager against
:25:23. > :25:26.villager. This isn't your property. I can show you the deeds of whose
:25:27. > :25:31.property it is, it is not their's. Is that the farmer? I'm glad I'm
:25:32. > :25:37.getting under their skin, what they have put people in the village
:25:38. > :25:42.through is really quite awful. We have had months of sleepless nights.
:25:43. > :25:46.What I'm facing, the most likely event for me should the wind farm be
:25:47. > :25:50.approved is I will have a house that nobody else will want to live in. It
:25:51. > :25:55.would upset me enormously if these things went ahead, if Cameron will
:25:56. > :26:03.say as a positive policy we're going to withdraw those supsidies, then it
:26:04. > :26:08.might persuade me to vote for him. The Bedfordshire farmer might be
:26:09. > :26:12.disappointed. The farmer expressing his views loudly. His angry
:26:13. > :26:16.neighbours say he wants turbines on his fields. We did contact the farm
:26:17. > :26:21.but he didn't want to tell Newsnight why. Yet isn't David Cameron running
:26:22. > :26:24.away from his younger self. At least the huskies, ministers insist they
:26:25. > :26:31.are not ditching their greenest Government ever promise. Taxpayer
:26:32. > :26:35.support for other kinds of green energy will not go. It is a victory
:26:36. > :26:40.for the kind of Conservatives who were never persuaded by "green"
:26:41. > :26:43.Dave. While David Cameron was busy boasting about other infrastructure
:26:44. > :26:47.projects, he was only too happy to tell the BBC about this new idea, no
:26:48. > :26:51.more supsidies for turbines on the land. Do you really need to go on
:26:52. > :26:55.with a subsidy from the taxpayer? And do you need to go on with a
:26:56. > :27:00.planning system that gives such priority to wind forms rather than
:27:01. > :27:05.-- wind farms rather than local P I think once you have got to 10% you
:27:06. > :27:09.should say take away the subsidy and hear the views of local people.
:27:10. > :27:15.Delight for his more sceptical supporters. It was always rather
:27:16. > :27:19.bogus aspect of modernisation, it was being green, and SAS David
:27:20. > :27:22.Cameron says all the green crap has been finished with, that is for him
:27:23. > :27:26.part of the green crap. David Cameron is not a conviction
:27:27. > :27:31.politician, he isn't a man of deep principle, all the stuff about going
:27:32. > :27:36.off to the North Pole, it was all about suck up to a group of people
:27:37. > :27:40.he hoped would vote for him. I have driven from Berlin to music, and you
:27:41. > :27:43.drive down through eastern Germany and there are wind farms everywhere,
:27:44. > :27:48.and all over France now. These are countries that have very large land
:27:49. > :27:52.mass, France has the same population as us but two-and-a-half time the
:27:53. > :27:57.land mass. We are a small and crowded island. Turbines are simply
:27:58. > :28:02.not to the taste of many of those who enjoy the peaceful, unchanged
:28:03. > :28:06.and often conservative countryside, their power is more expensive than
:28:07. > :28:12.oil or carriages but still cheaper than wind farms at sea or nuclear.
:28:13. > :28:15.Although it has been subsidised for 20 years, independent sources warn
:28:16. > :28:19.cutting off subsidy could cut off the industry. Some firms have
:28:20. > :28:28.already been scaling back, but for the Conservatives the shires have
:28:29. > :28:32.won. One Tory minister told me some counties in the countryside have
:28:33. > :28:38.felt under siege from turbines, he said to me he wants people to know
:28:39. > :28:43.he will not have any more. Universally hates maybe not, it is
:28:44. > :28:48.fair to say they have never captured many hearts, the other part of the
:28:49. > :28:54.problem is they don't always look like they are doing all that much.
:28:55. > :28:58.7. 1 gigawatts worth of wind farms have been build on shore. Enough to
:28:59. > :29:01.power about 3. 8 million homes. But because the wind doesn't always
:29:02. > :29:10.blow, it is hard to predict. So last year the 16. 5 terrawatt hours
:29:11. > :29:15.generated was only 4. 6% of electricity. Turbines are idle
:29:16. > :29:19.sometimes when the wind isn't blowing and not generating
:29:20. > :29:23.electricity. We don't pay for it if it is not generated, it doesn't cost
:29:24. > :29:29.us any more money. On the other side it doesn't provide us with
:29:30. > :29:32.unreliable electricity or undermine the electricity system security.
:29:33. > :29:36.Because the system is able to cope with big fluctuation in supply and
:29:37. > :29:39.demand. It might make it easier on the doorstep for the kind of
:29:40. > :29:43.Conservatives that were never persuaded by Green Dave, this
:29:44. > :29:46.Conservative councillor won his seat opposing wind farms. I think the
:29:47. > :29:50.Government has listened to the people of the country, which is what
:29:51. > :29:54.any Government should do. They have done exactly what they should be
:29:55. > :29:58.doing. The Conservatives would allow communities who want at the Bitcoins
:29:59. > :30:03.to go ahead. But even the one that was on top of David Cameron's old
:30:04. > :30:10.London house has gone. Both the Lib Dems and Labour are still keen add
:30:11. > :30:15.vow baits in the field -- advocates in the field as well as the cows. So
:30:16. > :30:20.we will all ultimately decide if there is room for both. China has
:30:21. > :30:23.the biggest standing army in the world, but it is in the midst of a
:30:24. > :30:29.radical transformation. Man power is being cut by half, but the budget
:30:30. > :30:33.has increased six-fold to well over $100 billion, as China attempts to
:30:34. > :30:37.sharpen up its military. For the first time the Chinese army has
:30:38. > :30:41.opened its doors to foreign cameras and Steve Hewlett was invited to
:30:42. > :30:52.join two British officers on an exchange programme with one of
:30:53. > :30:57.China's top military academies. Jason Johnson and Richard Levin are
:30:58. > :31:01.recently commissioned officers from Sandhurst in the UK. They have
:31:02. > :31:14.arrived in China to take part in something unprecedented and quite
:31:15. > :31:19.unique. Er They are the first British officers ever invited to
:31:20. > :31:25.take part in an international cadet exchange organised by the people's
:31:26. > :31:28.liberation front army in the People's Republic of China. They
:31:29. > :31:36.will spend a week living and working with Chinese cadets. 1,000kms
:31:37. > :31:41.thought of Beijing. -- south of Beijing. It is a good opportunity to
:31:42. > :31:51.come and experience something firsthand, especially a country that
:31:52. > :31:58.is emerging as somewhere very important globally. 21-year-old
:31:59. > :32:04.officer here has been attached to the Brit to help them bed in.
:32:05. > :32:09.Together they will take part in a prestigious military competition
:32:10. > :32:14.known as the Jin Wu Cup later in the week. It will be interesting to know
:32:15. > :32:17.what other international cadets are going to be in our team? I think you
:32:18. > :32:40.are the best! It is 6.00 in the morning. I'm not
:32:41. > :32:49.really awake yet to be honest. First off it is half an hour of drill.
:32:50. > :32:55.Only then is it time for breakfast. But the exercises are far from over.
:32:56. > :33:05.Almost everything is done in formation, which is not quite how
:33:06. > :33:09.they do things back at Sandhurst. I can't imagine spending four years of
:33:10. > :33:12.my life marching to breakfast, lunch and dinner, that would be a
:33:13. > :33:21.challenge for most people at Sandhurst. Mao used to say the more
:33:22. > :33:26.people you have the more power you have, and that has been the doctrine
:33:27. > :33:31.that Chinese military has worked by for a very long time. But times are
:33:32. > :33:38.changing. Technology becomes more important, and ways of working and
:33:39. > :33:41.ways of thinking have to change. This is battle simulation room, it
:33:42. > :33:51.might look like computer gaming but it is in fact part of the Chinese
:33:52. > :34:00.cadets' training regime. REPORTER: How long have you been doing this?
:34:01. > :34:10.Sos this is a new idea? And the PLA is looking west for pointers towards
:34:11. > :34:15.this brave new world. Quite a lot of what you see here oddly looks quite
:34:16. > :34:19.American, the uniform, the routines are quite American, that fascination
:34:20. > :34:27.with and emlation of American military, however, runs quite a lot
:34:28. > :34:31.deeper than that. The American and British militaries bring something
:34:32. > :34:36.to the table which the Chinese do not have. Recent combat experience.
:34:37. > :34:41.When you are marching how do you carry it, on one shoulder? Recent
:34:42. > :34:46.wars in Iraq and Afghanistan ha taught British and American forces
:34:47. > :34:50.many tough lessons. We at that time troll like this, with the rifle
:34:51. > :34:54.ready on the shoulder, if we needed to fire this will woo go all the way
:34:55. > :35:00.down. The last time China went to war with another country was a brief
:35:01. > :35:15.conflict in Vietnam. Way back in 1979. China
:35:16. > :35:27.It is the day of the Jin Wu Cup, and for the first time ever foreign
:35:28. > :35:34.cadets have been invited to compete. Three rows each consisting of three
:35:35. > :35:38.international students and seven Chinese cadets. The competition
:35:39. > :35:44.begins. The first challenge is orienteering. Jason's team need to
:35:45. > :35:48.find and tag ten electronic touch points spread over square kilo
:35:49. > :35:54.metres. But they are getting off to a bad start. The squad leader is
:35:55. > :35:57.struggling to make sense of the map. There is three different people
:35:58. > :36:01.looking at a map trying to decide where we are. Running out of time
:36:02. > :36:06.they decide to split into two groups, each responsible for
:36:07. > :36:11.locating half the electronic touch points. Jason's team manages to
:36:12. > :36:18.locate four electronic touch points and return to the rendezvous with
:36:19. > :36:23.five minutes to spare. That's good. But the other half of the team is
:36:24. > :36:33.nowhere to be seen. It looks like they haven't made it back in time.
:36:34. > :36:36.So the whole team loses now? Maybe. Jason is starting to he will
:36:37. > :36:40.Israelise that amongst the Chinese cadets in his group, even allowing
:36:41. > :36:45.for their relative youth, practical skills often do not match classroom
:36:46. > :36:58.theory. They do need a bit more practice before they can get to each
:36:59. > :37:01.point effectively and efficiently. Jason told me that while the
:37:02. > :37:07.exercises were familiar, they were not all as realistic as they might
:37:08. > :37:11.have been back home. I think fitness wise they are a similar standard as
:37:12. > :37:15.far as officership and leadership goes they are at a lower standard. I
:37:16. > :37:18.think it is because they are not given the responsibility to develop
:37:19. > :37:22.that leadership. The exchange week has come to answered. And the
:37:23. > :37:24.Chinese cadets have also gained new insight from the week's exchange
:37:25. > :37:44.programme. These cadets may well one day have
:37:45. > :37:48.leading roles in their country's Armed Forces. They have gathered
:37:49. > :37:55.here to understand how their counterparts think. Invaluable
:37:56. > :38:01.lessons, maybe, now that China with its new model army is poised to play
:38:02. > :38:06.a far more significant role in world affairs. You can see a longer
:38:07. > :38:12.version of Steve Hewlett's film on Our World on the News Channel this
:38:13. > :38:16.Saturday and fund again at 9. 30. Now another complication has been
:38:17. > :38:19.thrown in the way of ministers and mandarins seeking to make their
:38:20. > :38:22.weighty decisions about the Government of the UK. They will now
:38:23. > :38:25.have to contract views of the Cornish. It was announced today that
:38:26. > :38:32.the people of Cornwall have been given the same minority status as
:38:33. > :38:35.Scots, Welsh and Irish under EU law, designed to protect the rights of
:38:36. > :38:42.national minorities. It doesn't mean any extra money, but it is a victory
:38:43. > :38:47.for Cornish nationalists who claim England ends west of the Tamar
:38:48. > :38:52.river. Jethro, the comedian, joins us from just across the border in
:38:53. > :38:57.English Exeter! Jethro, many congratulations, I would have
:38:58. > :39:00.thought minority status was for wimps, can't you go for
:39:01. > :39:07.independence? We have known it for years, you never call a Cornishman
:39:08. > :39:10.an Englishman in my lifetime. The real Cornishmen is from the west
:39:11. > :39:15.where I come from. They are not telling us anything we didn't know.
:39:16. > :39:18.A lot of people you would say talk about Cornwall as their own
:39:19. > :39:23.identity, they said well why Cornwall and not another county.
:39:24. > :39:28.They don't realise that historically Cornwall is a Celtic nation, there
:39:29. > :39:34.was Scotland and the Isle of Man, Ireland, Wales, Cornwall and Britney
:39:35. > :39:42.of course. Do you feel persecuted? Not really. Why not? We lost that
:39:43. > :39:47.900 years ago. We used to have our own king once, King Mark, he's gone
:39:48. > :39:52.1,000 years, we miss him still. Do you think you might try to reinstate
:39:53. > :39:57.some kind of Cornish monarchy? No. You would be king? Of course not.
:39:58. > :40:01.No, no, no. I couldn't stand that, could I? I can't ride a horse any
:40:02. > :40:04.way! You know what's the deal here, is this going to suddenly give a
:40:05. > :40:13.boost to the Cornish economy, are you going to raise the flag over the
:40:14. > :40:17.tin mines, all this kind of thing? The flags have always flown over the
:40:18. > :40:20.tin mines, they have flown throughout Cornwall. It is just
:40:21. > :40:24.something that has gone on for years, and now the rest of the
:40:25. > :40:27.country will know we have our own identity and that is what we have
:40:28. > :40:33.always wanted. It didn't really matter too much. We knew where we
:40:34. > :40:38.were forever. What is it to be Cornish? What is it? Well if you are
:40:39. > :40:43.born there you are a Cornishman. David Cameron's daughter was born in
:40:44. > :40:46.Cornwall, she will be Cornish. And I hope she's very proud of it like we
:40:47. > :40:50.are. You are brought up with that, if you go to Liverpool they are born
:40:51. > :40:54.Scousers and they will always be Scousers, and Cornish people that is
:40:55. > :40:57.our little bit of identity and we hang on to it and viciously too. We
:40:58. > :41:01.are about to hear from Tom Hollander, he says perhaps you are
:41:02. > :41:05.going to celebrate your bird, your chuff, is that not your local bird?
:41:06. > :41:08.And the chuffs are back on the cliffs too, that is good. Tell me
:41:09. > :41:12.what else, what other kinds of things will come to the fore, now
:41:13. > :41:16.that you have minority status? I don't think it will make it much
:41:17. > :41:20.different. I listened to the news and they said other countries have
:41:21. > :41:24.had their minority status, and it hasn't made any difference, it is no
:41:25. > :41:28.financial gain. It has given us an identity that we always wanted. As
:41:29. > :41:33.for independence for Cornwall that is out of the question. We can't
:41:34. > :41:37.survive on three bags of potatoes and a basket full of fish. You don't
:41:38. > :41:43.have a sustainable economy of your own? You have Rick Stein! We have to
:41:44. > :41:48.be realistic about this. You do have a Duchess of Cornwall? That's right.
:41:49. > :41:51.You have a Duke of Cornwall? He's the Prince of Wales and the Duke of
:41:52. > :41:58.Cornwall, of course he is. You are speaking to us from Exeter, where do
:41:59. > :42:03.you live? I live in, on the border. You live which side of the border? I
:42:04. > :42:11.live just in Devon! So wait a minute, you're like Sean conry in
:42:12. > :42:16.Scotland -- Conner in Scotland you don't actually live there? You can
:42:17. > :42:23.take the man out of Cornwall but not the Cornwall out of the man. Pretend
:42:24. > :42:27.you are in Somerset and go and have some Scrumpy! We have time for two
:42:28. > :42:32.newspapers, both of the newspapers the Telegraph and the Times report
:42:33. > :42:37.on a move to end the Queen's role as the head of the church. The
:42:38. > :42:40.coalition according to the Times says split in the coalition on the
:42:41. > :42:46.role of the church because Nick Clegg has been talking about whether
:42:47. > :42:51.to end t Queen's role as head of state. On Newsnight we are holding
:42:52. > :42:55.our own celebrations of Shakespeare's 450th birthday, we
:42:56. > :42:59.have asked some of Britain's finest actors to deliver a favourite speech
:43:00. > :43:05.and character they love. Last night David Harewood chose Eeago and ahead
:43:06. > :43:08.of her performance, Kevin Mirallas said nobody should read Shakespeare
:43:09. > :43:12.under the age of 15. Tonight it is Tom Hollander who is swapping his
:43:13. > :43:16.dog colour for a crown. Did you read Shakespeare at school? A little bit.
:43:17. > :43:24.What are you doing, this crown on your head as Richard II I? The
:43:25. > :43:28.opening reach of Richard II I What about Kevin Mirallas's idea that you
:43:29. > :43:34.should watch it perform but not read it on the page until you are a
:43:35. > :43:41.grown-up? I don't agree with that But you can't disagree with Helen
:43:42. > :43:45.Mirren can you? Not really. What about Richard II I, is it a role you
:43:46. > :43:49.want to play? It is showbiz and somebody has to take your chances,
:43:50. > :43:54.and somebody says what do you want to do, and I said this. It is
:43:55. > :43:58.showbiz Newsnight. What about this particular speech? What is it, it is
:43:59. > :44:02.like Shakespeare's revenge fantasy for anybody who has not been picked
:44:03. > :44:11.for the school football team. Call it that. That is good enough for me.
:44:12. > :44:17.Tom Hollander take your seat. OK. Well now is the winter of our
:44:18. > :44:25.discontent says Tom Hollander, here he goes.
:44:26. > :44:34.Now is the winter of our discontent, made glorious summer by this sun of
:44:35. > :44:40.York. And all the clouds that lour'd upon our house in the deep bossom of
:44:41. > :44:47.the ocean buried. Now are our brows bound with victorious wreaths, our
:44:48. > :44:51.bruised arms hung up from monuments, our stern alarums changed to merry
:44:52. > :44:59.meetings. Our dreadful marches to delightful measures. Grim-visaged
:45:00. > :45:05.war, hath smooth'd his wringled front, and now instead of mounting
:45:06. > :45:13.bashed steeds to fright the souls of fearful adversaries, he capers him
:45:14. > :45:19.inially in the lady's chamber to the lascivious pleasing of a lute. But
:45:20. > :45:27.I, thattam not shaped for sportive tricks, nor made to court annam
:45:28. > :45:33.rouse looking-glass. I that am rudely stamp'd and want love's
:45:34. > :45:39.majesty to strut before a wanton ambling nymp, I that am curtail'd of
:45:40. > :45:45.this fair proportion, cheated, deformed, unfinished, sent before my
:45:46. > :45:49.time into this breathing world scarce half made up, and that so
:45:50. > :45:57.lamely and unfashionable that dogs bark at me as I halt by them, why I
:45:58. > :46:05.in this weak piping time of peace, have no delight to pass away the
:46:06. > :46:16.time, unless to spy my shadow in the sun and descant on my own deformity.
:46:17. > :46:25.The weather at the moment across the country is reverting to type, sunny
:46:26. > :46:26.spells and scattered showers, it is