:00:00. > :00:11.Tonight with days to go to the start of the World Cup, we report from
:00:12. > :00:15.Brazil on the grotesque under-side to one of the world's greatest
:00:16. > :00:19.sporting occasions. In the shadows of the football stadiums another
:00:20. > :00:22.side to the competition, the chirp being traffiked for prostitution. Do
:00:23. > :00:47.the police never check? Millions of us tune in for this
:00:48. > :00:52.stuff week after week, why do we love it, why do women seem to like
:00:53. > :00:57.crime drama that features violence against women. The crime writer Anne
:00:58. > :01:02.Cleaves is here to help us with that. And remember this? How a 1980s
:01:03. > :01:17.computer game has lived to the ripe old age of 30 and is still gathering
:01:18. > :01:20.new fans. At 9.00 on Thursday next week the football teams from Brazil
:01:21. > :01:25.and Croatia will begin the first match in the 2014 World Cup. Best
:01:26. > :01:28.not to think what the start of that great sporting carnival means for
:01:29. > :01:34.untold numbers of children in Brazil. Gangs of pimps are
:01:35. > :01:37.trafficking young girls to ply their trade around the stadiums of host
:01:38. > :01:41.cities there. The country is already facing an epidemic of child
:01:42. > :01:45.prostitution with children as young as nine selling their bodies to
:01:46. > :01:49.escape poverty. Even though they are the victims of sexual exploitation
:01:50. > :01:52.some of the children and their parents were happy for them to be
:01:53. > :02:05.identified on camera. In this country only. We report now from
:02:06. > :02:11.Brazil. This is the BR 116, a road that runs
:02:12. > :02:15.almost the entire length of Brazil. The route takes you through towns
:02:16. > :02:26.where children try to escape poverty by selling their bodies. This
:02:27. > :02:33.highway is nearly 3,000 miles long and a recent police survey
:02:34. > :02:37.discovered almost 300 areas where child prostitution was taking place.
:02:38. > :02:45.And that means on average children can be found offering sex nearly
:02:46. > :02:51.every ten miles. We're heading to a remote town 300 miles from the World
:02:52. > :03:02.Cup host cities in the northern tronnics. And more than 1,000 miles
:03:03. > :03:06.away from Rio January in the south. Prostitution is legal over 18, yet
:03:07. > :03:11.the number of children selling their bodies across the country is said to
:03:12. > :03:16.run into the hundreds of thousands. Here I'm told the clients are mainly
:03:17. > :03:19.truck drivers, hiring children as young as 11. We filmed very young
:03:20. > :03:28.girls flirting and working the tables in a bar near a truck park.
:03:29. > :03:31.Regular police patrols of truck parks targeting child prostitution
:03:32. > :03:36.are already overwhelmed. But they are facing a new problem, the
:03:37. > :03:50.trafficking of girls to World Cup host cities.
:03:51. > :03:57.In the last six months around 100 young girls have been referred to
:03:58. > :04:11.the social services. A social worker took me to meet some of them. That's
:04:12. > :04:16.your house? A flower and this is the sky. This girl has just turned 12
:04:17. > :04:21.and lives close to the highway. She seems like such a typical child. But
:04:22. > :04:41.social services tell us just how grim her childhood has been.
:04:42. > :04:56.Is it not scary being on the streets late at night? Everywhere you turn
:04:57. > :05:03.in this small town you see the poverty that is stealing childhood.
:05:04. > :05:08.Angela began selling herself when she was 13, she's now 17 and
:05:09. > :05:12.pregnant for the fifth time. Her first three children were either
:05:13. > :05:19.adopted or aborted, she kept her fourth. Is life tough here? What is
:05:20. > :05:42.tough about it? How is this human misery possible in
:05:43. > :05:46.a country which has the seventh-largest economy in the
:05:47. > :05:53.world, just behind the UK. Congresswoman, Lillian Sarh has just
:05:54. > :05:56.released the findings of the parliamentary inquiry into child
:05:57. > :06:34.prostitution. Her research took her to all 12 World Cup host cities.
:06:35. > :06:40.The parliamentary report highlights the traffics of children from rural
:06:41. > :06:46.communities to World Cup host cities. To the prop calm north-east
:06:47. > :06:51.the BR 11 six takes you to this stadium, in the shadow of the city's
:06:52. > :06:58.World Cup stadium young girls are trading their bodies. We spot two
:06:59. > :07:10.girls on the street, right outside a police station. As we get close it
:07:11. > :07:13.is clear they are very young. With a charity worker we play the part of
:07:14. > :07:28.British tourists, and they immediately offer us a programme,
:07:29. > :07:37.the local slang for sex. How old are you? They look much younger. With
:07:38. > :07:40.girls look so young, some look younger than others, but none of
:07:41. > :07:54.them have any ID whatsoever. And how much would it be for a "programme"?
:07:55. > :08:02.That is about ?40 pounds. I have to be afraid. Do the police never
:08:03. > :08:14.check? A police car has just gone by we are talking to a very young boy,
:08:15. > :08:18.didn't take any notice. The police told the BBC that complacency can be
:08:19. > :08:22.an issue and are training their officers to be more proactive.
:08:23. > :08:27.During the World Cup the Government promises more police patrols like
:08:28. > :08:34.these, to spot exploitation and a hot-line to report abuse. Even in
:08:35. > :08:46.daylight young girls are selling themselves around stadiums. This
:08:47. > :08:51.girl is 14 years old. On the other side of the Atlantic Brazilian
:08:52. > :08:57.footballer David Luiz warns England fans of the consequences of hiring
:08:58. > :09:02.child prostitutes. This video is being shown on some flights to the
:09:03. > :09:06.World Cup host cities, a campaign funded by British charities and
:09:07. > :09:10.backed by British police agencies. It is a penalty! But evidence
:09:11. > :09:16.suggests pimps are determined to cash in on anticipated demand.
:09:17. > :09:21.13-year-old Fernada was already selling her body on the B-116
:09:22. > :09:23.highway, she was drugged, kidnapped and forced to work on the streets
:09:24. > :09:55.here. She managed to escape. She is back
:09:56. > :10:11.home with her mother. But her pimps are still at large.
:10:12. > :10:18.She and her mother are reunited, but in a country that is criticised for
:10:19. > :10:21.failing to tackle poverty and child exploitation, there are thousands
:10:22. > :10:27.more children that have little hope of escaping Brazil's sex trade. You
:10:28. > :10:32.can see more of that report on Panorama tomorrow night on BBC One
:10:33. > :10:38.at 10. 35. Now the bureaucrats at the European
:10:39. > :10:40.Commission generously dispensed unwanted advice to the British
:10:41. > :10:44.Government today. They were kind enough to advise on the council tax,
:10:45. > :10:49.house building and London property prices. It is time for our betters
:10:50. > :10:53.now to choose a successor to that Prince among men, the current
:10:54. > :10:56.President of the European Commission, Jose Manuel Barroso.
:10:57. > :11:01.There are five-and-a-half candidates for the job, a couple of Greens want
:11:02. > :11:13.it as some sort of job SHAFRMENT the front runner is Jean-Claude Junker.
:11:14. > :11:21.In the wake of elections which demonstrated how little enthusiasm
:11:22. > :11:26.people have for the political elite's job, there were rumours that
:11:27. > :11:32.the Germans might be heeding David Cameron's campaign for Junker. Who
:11:33. > :11:36.is the kind of democratic political leader you would love on our shores,
:11:37. > :11:41.the one who says they are ready for being insulted for being
:11:42. > :11:48.insufficiently democratic, he is for secret, dark debates, if it is a yes
:11:49. > :11:55.they will say on we go and if no they will say they will continue.
:11:56. > :11:59.Some of Jean-Claude Junker's worst hits which means the UK is not keen.
:12:00. > :12:08.It is not hard to see why David Cameron doesn't really want
:12:09. > :12:13.Jean-Claude Junker in the job, there is an obvious appeal to keep them at
:12:14. > :12:17.bay from beyond the water. There is a risk in publicly opposing
:12:18. > :12:24.something that will be decided in private, in a process that the UK
:12:25. > :12:29.can't completely control. Junker does have some fans, but Government
:12:30. > :12:33.sources are adamant you can't make the case for change in Europe with a
:12:34. > :12:39.face from a small country in Europe first a minister in the 1980s. But
:12:40. > :12:44.he is the front runner, and if David Cameron's strategy is to make enough
:12:45. > :12:47.friends behind closed doors fails he will have to deal with the ire of
:12:48. > :12:54.his euro-sceptics. ??FORCEDYELL Euro-sceptics use the word
:12:55. > :13:00."federalists" too loosely, someone they disagree with. But this is bona
:13:01. > :13:03.fide federalism, he believes in reciprocal voting rights at national
:13:04. > :13:06.election, he wants all the national foreign ministries to be merged into
:13:07. > :13:13.a European one, he wants a European police force and tax system. This is
:13:14. > :13:21.the whole 1950s federalist agenda, undulated. Killing off his bid would
:13:22. > :13:25.be difficult. The most powerful office holder in the EU went through
:13:26. > :13:32.the ordeal along with the audience of live debates. But because Junker
:13:33. > :13:35.is the candidate put forward by the EPP, the biggest block in the
:13:36. > :13:40.European Parliament, and they expect their man to be put in charge. That
:13:41. > :13:43.whole jazzy process could have been a waste of time though. Because
:13:44. > :13:48.there is nothing to stop other names being put forward by this lot,
:13:49. > :13:52.Europe's actual leaders, the council at the last minute. One senior
:13:53. > :13:57.Conservative source told Newsnight the Irish Prime Minister, Enda Kenny
:13:58. > :14:03.is their preferred option, even though publicly he has backed
:14:04. > :14:07.Junker. But is Angela Merkel trying to make life harder for her
:14:08. > :14:12.political naughty fetch few. In the last few days she has hardened her
:14:13. > :14:19.support for Junker, but tonight it appears she might have suggested an
:14:20. > :14:26.elegant way out, suggesting the head of the IMF, Christine Lagarde. It
:14:27. > :14:34.would be a godsend for David Cameron, she is a French candidate
:14:35. > :14:42.with an Anglo-Saxon feel to her, she speaks fluent English, run the IMF,
:14:43. > :14:48.run a big American law firm. She ticks so many boxes at Number Ten,
:14:49. > :14:51.she may be blocked by others precisely because of that. If the
:14:52. > :14:57.appointment doesn't go the UK's way, does it push us nearer leaving the
:14:58. > :15:03.EU all together. That thought may tickle euro-sceptic, but Number Ten
:15:04. > :15:05.officially says no. Mr Junker or whoever is President of the European
:15:06. > :15:08.Commission, will not decide on what happens to a renegotiation which
:15:09. > :15:11.will not even begin until a year from now the President of the
:15:12. > :15:15.European Commission is an important person with a lot of influence, but
:15:16. > :15:19.he does not take the decisions. And as our relations with our
:15:20. > :15:23.continental cousins are never straight forward, there is another
:15:24. > :15:27.complication in this torturous process, it is not just about trying
:15:28. > :15:34.to choose the next President, it is also who gets what in the commission
:15:35. > :15:40.and who decides the agenda. Submit to Junker and perhaps the UK gets a
:15:41. > :15:45.juicy deal elsewhere. One senior Conservative suggests what matters
:15:46. > :15:48.is who runs the internal market. With phone calls tonight and a
:15:49. > :15:52.summit in Brussels tomorrow, David Cameron has more chances to win
:15:53. > :15:57.friends across the channel, but he will need them, the machinations are
:15:58. > :16:05.complex and will take time to complete. Jacob Rees-Mogg a
:16:06. > :16:09.euro-sceptic MP is here, the Dutch MEP from the liberal grouping in the
:16:10. > :16:17.European Parliament joins us from the Hague. What do you make of David
:16:18. > :16:27.Cameron's objections to Mr Junker getting the job? What is important
:16:28. > :16:31.is the European Union becomes more democratic and the process of who
:16:32. > :16:36.gets the jobs is more transparent and people have a voice in who this
:16:37. > :16:40.person is. A first step has been taken by the European Parliament
:16:41. > :16:46.putting forward candidates by political groups. The largest group
:16:47. > :16:51.in the European Parliament has put forward Mr Junker. It is up to Mr
:16:52. > :16:54.Cameron to make his case among the council and see what the European
:16:55. > :16:56.Parliament will make of it. I don't think he has much of a chance
:16:57. > :17:01.because the European Parliament has committed to this system before the
:17:02. > :17:06.elections to take a step towards a more democratic and more transparent
:17:07. > :17:11.Europe which I think is very urgently needed. This was agreed
:17:12. > :17:17.that the largest party would endorse a candidate and that candidate would
:17:18. > :17:21.be more or less a shoe-in, before the election? Who was it agreed by?
:17:22. > :17:24.It was agreed by the European Parliament? The European Parliament
:17:25. > :17:28.decided amongst itself. It doesn't have the power to appoint, it has
:17:29. > :17:33.the power to approve, which is different. And in the election there
:17:34. > :17:39.is a poll done to see if anybody had heard of the candidates. 6% of
:17:40. > :17:41.voters had never heard of Mr Junker, with a British parliamentary
:17:42. > :17:45.election people know who the candidates are. The idea that
:17:46. > :17:48.democracy comes through the European Parliament within the EU is false.
:17:49. > :17:53.It comes through the Council of Ministers. But this is the mechanism
:17:54. > :17:58.and it was agreed beforehand, why not play a straight bat on it?
:17:59. > :18:03.Because the European Parliament rbitrarily decided this is what it
:18:04. > :18:06.was going to do. This was only one of the institution bus not the most
:18:07. > :18:09.democratic, it must be the Council of Ministers that represent the
:18:10. > :18:13.Governments. Fair enough, they are involved. What is wrong with the
:18:14. > :18:18.principle of the largest party which gathers the largest the largest
:18:19. > :18:21.number of votes being the most effective operator in the
:18:22. > :18:25.endorsement? I think it is a mistake to view the EPP as a single party,
:18:26. > :18:29.that the campaigns in individual parties were run on individual
:18:30. > :18:34.national political grounds, the fact that they picked some obscure
:18:35. > :18:38.Luxembourger to be their candidate that 66% of voters haven't heard of
:18:39. > :18:47.really doesn't give him any credibility. If the price of getting
:18:48. > :18:51.Mr Junker into the position is that a country like Britain decides it
:18:52. > :18:58.has to advance its referendum on whether it stays in the European
:18:59. > :19:01.Union, is that a price worth paying? I'm really sorry I'm having trouble
:19:02. > :19:06.hearing you, what I think is important is that the European
:19:07. > :19:10.Parliament becomes a stronger player, representing European
:19:11. > :19:15.citizens on the EU level, and what we need in Europe is more democracy
:19:16. > :19:19.and more transparency. We do not need back door dealings, back room
:19:20. > :19:24.dealings that the council is known for, so I think it is important, we
:19:25. > :19:28.have put forward as political groups these candidates, and if some groups
:19:29. > :19:32.have buyers remorse to put it that way, that is something they have to
:19:33. > :19:37.deal with, as the liberal group in the European Parliament we have put
:19:38. > :19:41.forward the former Prime Minister of Belgium and the leader of our
:19:42. > :19:44.political group in the European Parliament. There have been debates
:19:45. > :19:49.on television between these candidates to give European citizens
:19:50. > :19:53.a sense of who these people are that are candidates for the President of
:19:54. > :19:58.the European Commission. So this is a first step in what should be many
:19:59. > :20:02.more steps towards a more effective democratic and transparent European
:20:03. > :20:06.Union. I think if there is a problem that we have in Europe, but in
:20:07. > :20:10.politics more broadly in the EU, it is that there are politicians who
:20:11. > :20:14.say one thing, one day and then something else the next day. So we
:20:15. > :20:19.have to stick to what it is we have said we would do, now we must Folau
:20:20. > :20:22.through. Jacob Rees-Mogg you would accept this is an improvement on the
:20:23. > :20:26.previous system would you? Not particularly. You don't think it is
:20:27. > :20:29.more transparent? I don't think it is particularly, nobody has heard of
:20:30. > :20:33.these candidates. Is there any single candidate among them you
:20:34. > :20:37.would support for the job? Perhaps Bill Cash should become a candidate.
:20:38. > :20:41.He is not unfortunately a candidate? He could become one the Council of
:20:42. > :20:44.Ministers could put him forward, it is their choice. This isn't open and
:20:45. > :20:48.transparent because the European Parliament is a closed,
:20:49. > :20:51.inward-looking system, that nobody has paid any attention to the
:20:52. > :20:57.European Parliament's candidates or these debates other than people who
:20:58. > :21:00.are tied into the system. As a member of the organisation there
:21:01. > :21:05.will be somebody who will be President of the Commission? I have
:21:06. > :21:09.more confidence in the pre-Nice system where there was a veto. It is
:21:10. > :21:11.a pity that was given up. National countries represent their countries
:21:12. > :21:15.not the European Parliament, it would be better to do it on that
:21:16. > :21:18.system and whether that is done in private or the near private of the
:21:19. > :21:22.European Parliament, because however much they may have it debates I
:21:23. > :21:31.think they are watched by as many people as watch the Eurovision Song
:21:32. > :21:36.Contest. Or not. But how big a problem is it for David Cameron if
:21:37. > :21:43.he doesn't get his way and Mr Junker is appointed? It is a minor problem.
:21:44. > :21:50.I think back to the appointment of Jack Santer, who took over by the
:21:51. > :21:53.man vetoed by John Major. He courageously vetoed one pro-European
:21:54. > :21:58.federalist, replaced by another, seen as a great victory for British
:21:59. > :22:01.diplomacy. I don't think it would be a great defeat if it went against
:22:02. > :22:10.David Cameron, but equally it won't be a great victory if it goes his
:22:11. > :22:15.way. If there is some sort of compromise, say Christine Lagarde,
:22:16. > :22:17.seems to be popular at present, would that be something that you and
:22:18. > :22:22.your friend could live with, or would it be a subversion of what you
:22:23. > :22:30.see as a process that was agreed upon beforehand? I'm sorry, I can't
:22:31. > :22:34.hear you sufficiently. I heard that the MP of the Conservative Party
:22:35. > :22:38.said that the council should make these decision, but what has been
:22:39. > :22:41.clear is that the system as it has been working with the council and
:22:42. > :22:46.ministers trading different interests is not doing enough for
:22:47. > :22:49.European citizens so it is clear that we should not rely on business
:22:50. > :22:54.as usual, but we have to reform the EU to make it more democratic. I
:22:55. > :22:58.think that is essential. I'm sorry if I cannot hear your question, the
:22:59. > :23:03.satellite connection is not strong enough. I'm terribly sorry you
:23:04. > :23:06.haven't been able to hear properly either. Thank you very much for
:23:07. > :23:11.joining us and thank you Jacob Rees-Mogg too. Regular viewers will
:23:12. > :23:16.perhaps recall a couple of Newsnight reports from Owen Bennett Jones of
:23:17. > :23:21.the activities in Britain of a Pakistani exile who seems to have
:23:22. > :23:26.instilled a rule of fear in the city of Karachi. Finally he was arrested
:23:27. > :23:32.in London and being questioned about alleged money laundering. It set off
:23:33. > :23:35.protests in Karachi where his organisation has terrorised great
:23:36. > :23:39.numbers of people. Such is their reputation that fear of what it
:23:40. > :23:57.might do almost paralysed the city today. Here we are with the latest.
:23:58. > :24:03.IT With little drama Mr Hussein was picked up in a quiet, wealthy
:24:04. > :24:07.suburb. He's Karachi's most important politician w a solid
:24:08. > :24:12.parliamentary block and the ability to deliver formidable street power.
:24:13. > :24:16.He is famous for speeches like this. One of the investigations he faces
:24:17. > :24:24.in the UK is asking whether these kind of remarks amount to incitement
:24:25. > :24:29.to violence. Two Newsnight films revealed the investigations into Mr
:24:30. > :24:37.Hussein and caused a big impact in Pakistan, now he's in custody
:24:38. > :24:44.suspected of money laundering. The party today said it was in shock
:24:45. > :24:50.that he is critically ill and there will now be peaceful protests. But
:24:51. > :24:54.after the arrest, many parts of Karachi emptied as people feared a
:24:55. > :24:57.more violent reaction. Those in the city who passionately support him,
:24:58. > :25:02.and those who fear him, are all waiting to hear the latest news from
:25:03. > :25:11.London. And whether the arrest will be Folaued with charges. I'm joined
:25:12. > :25:16.in the studio now, what is the situation in Karachi tonight? The
:25:17. > :25:19.MQM have their people out on the streets in the city, they say they
:25:20. > :25:23.will be doing a peaceful protest until's out of custody, that could
:25:24. > :25:27.be as long as 36 hours, that is happening. I mean it has been more
:25:28. > :25:31.peaceful than many people thought, some buses were set alight. These
:25:32. > :25:35.guys in the screen are his supporters in Karachi? So he has a
:25:36. > :25:39.very passionate support base, very loyal support, but also many people
:25:40. > :25:43.in the city who fear him. The city is divided by him. But those people
:25:44. > :25:47.who support him are always, he has huge street power, he can deploy
:25:48. > :25:50.them whenever he wants. It is extraordinary that one man can have
:25:51. > :25:55.that much sway? Particularly when he has lived in London for 23 years.
:25:56. > :26:00.This is all done down a phone line. He has complete control of his party
:26:01. > :26:03.and now he is gone one of the problems the party has got is they
:26:04. > :26:07.don't know what to do because he's not there to tell them. How can he
:26:08. > :26:11.control a party thousands of miles away living in London? The party
:26:12. > :26:15.critics would say it is by the use of violence, by the use of force
:26:16. > :26:18.that many of his party officials are afraid of him, and that it is being
:26:19. > :26:22.done in that way. His supporters would say he's a charismatic and
:26:23. > :26:31.brilliant politician able to pull it off. Now the last episode of the
:26:32. > :26:37.gritty television crime series Happy Valley ended half an hour or so ago,
:26:38. > :26:41.it has been great success, with the central character, Sergeant
:26:42. > :26:44.Katherine Corn hugely popular. It is widely recognised that the most
:26:45. > :26:48.eager consumers of this sort of television are women. The question
:26:49. > :26:52.is why? Why should entertainment that so often features violence
:26:53. > :26:55.against women appeal to women? In a moment we will talk to two crime
:26:56. > :27:01.writers about the attraction of events we all fervently pray will
:27:02. > :27:05.never occur for real. They have this, in the meantime, as you would
:27:06. > :27:13.expect it contains some scenes of violence you might find distressing.
:27:14. > :27:18.Is it a realistic depicks of the kind of violence women can suffer in
:27:19. > :27:24.real life, or gratuitous titillation to win ratings. The cameras also
:27:25. > :27:28.focus on women, abused, battered, raped or dead, but has it gone too
:27:29. > :27:33.far. I find it increasingly rare to come across a drama where there
:27:34. > :27:37.isn't a woman being terrorised at the least, having her throat cut,
:27:38. > :27:42.tied up somewhere, menaced or murdered or scared out of her wits.
:27:43. > :27:46.It seems to have become a norm, without anybody noticing really. It
:27:47. > :27:50.seems to have crept in particularly over the past, I would say two or
:27:51. > :27:56.three years, and it has become quite intense now. Happy Valley, which
:27:57. > :28:00.ended tonight has been pretty gruelling viewing at times, but six
:28:01. > :28:05.million people have tuned in and only 15 complained, its female
:28:06. > :28:09.writer defended the violence as necessary and says in the end she
:28:10. > :28:16.has created uplifting television with strong female characters at its
:28:17. > :28:27.heart. The Fall was dubbed the most repulsive drama ever shown which one
:28:28. > :28:31.writer, it was a serial killer attacking attractive young women. It
:28:32. > :28:37.is all about context, set in the 1950s Bletchley Circle saw four code
:28:38. > :28:43.breakers becoming investigators, it didn't shy away from female death,
:28:44. > :28:46.but it wasn't gratuitous, and it showed the female leads reacting to
:28:47. > :28:51.it. Why did we have to come here and see her if we couldn't help her,
:28:52. > :28:55.what was the point of it. But criticism of too much female-based
:28:56. > :28:59.violence on TV is changing behaviour. I have been developing a
:29:00. > :29:02.show where the female writer which involves murders, all of the people
:29:03. > :29:06.who are dying are men. That doesn't mean it is a better or worse show,
:29:07. > :29:10.or we don't think about violence towards men. But certainly she did
:29:11. > :29:15.say when she started to write it that she would be damned if the
:29:16. > :29:19.first person to die on the TV show would be a woman. I think it
:29:20. > :29:23.self-regulates, people are aware, it has become an issue and it will
:29:24. > :29:29.affect how violence is depicted and violence against women. That shift
:29:30. > :29:32.can't come soon enough for those who trace violence against women on
:29:33. > :29:38.television back to our love affair with Nordic noir, The Killing with
:29:39. > :29:46.frightening scenes from the start spawned too many a British crime
:29:47. > :29:52.drama with brutality at its heart. Ripper Street, set in East London
:29:53. > :29:57.six months after backthe ripper's killings was simply attacked for the
:29:58. > :30:01.period back drop and the portrayal of violence. Do charities that
:30:02. > :30:06.campaign against real world violence worry about the TV versions.
:30:07. > :30:09.Violence against women is a reality, and it is really important to
:30:10. > :30:15.recognise how much of it there is. So in one sense no I don't have
:30:16. > :30:21.concerns. What does concern me though is when TV dramas perpetuate
:30:22. > :30:25.some of the many myths that exist around violence against women.
:30:26. > :30:30.Violence of course can be used to powerful effect, in the past even
:30:31. > :30:35.Women's Aid itself hasn't shied away from pretty graphic story telling
:30:36. > :30:38.that wouldn't look out of place of a TV drama and curtesy of Keira
:30:39. > :30:45.Knightly to get the own message across. With us is Anne Cleaves
:30:46. > :30:53.whose novels have been done both for the BBC and ITV, and the crime
:30:54. > :30:56.fiction critic Jake Kerridge. Let's look at the question of the appeal
:30:57. > :31:01.to women. It is clear that very large numbers of women form the core
:31:02. > :31:04.of the audience and many of these programme, yet these programmes do
:31:05. > :31:11.feature a lot of violence against women? Not all of them do of course.
:31:12. > :31:15.I agree. What women watch crime drama for is the strands of the
:31:16. > :31:21.story, quite often it is domestic, it is about family and the clips you
:31:22. > :31:27.didn't show from Happy Valley are about a close family. Sometimes
:31:28. > :31:31.dysfuntional. I think the writing was brilliant about that, and that
:31:32. > :31:35.is why women are watching it. What is your theory? I think we have to
:31:36. > :31:39.wonder why when two-thirds of the people who read and buy crime
:31:40. > :31:43.fiction are women why these interesting and ingenious ways of
:31:44. > :31:48.slaughtering so many women are so popular, apart from some kind of
:31:49. > :31:52.prevalent misogyny among women, I don't think it can be that. And
:31:53. > :31:57.factually we know that most murders are perpetrated against men,
:31:58. > :32:03.specifically young men? It may be to do with sexual violence as well. The
:32:04. > :32:12.crime writer Val McDermott that women are incull culcated by a fear
:32:13. > :32:16.of violence that men are not, so they read something to get a thrill
:32:17. > :32:20.that preys on their very deepest fears. What do you make of that
:32:21. > :32:26.idea? I don't agree with that. I think there is a tendency to put on
:32:27. > :32:33.what you think is going to be popular. We were talking about The
:32:34. > :32:38.Killing, the start of that came from the Dragon Tattoo, where it started
:32:39. > :32:42.with quite playful, quite domestic and the violence got stronger and
:32:43. > :32:47.stronger and less appropriate, I think. And because the male central
:32:48. > :32:53.character was very sympathetic, he was a great supporter of women, some
:32:54. > :32:58.how that was fine. That made the violence against the central woman
:32:59. > :33:07.character some how all right. Is there something also in drama that
:33:08. > :33:11.has a strong female lead, some how often feels it is OK if you have
:33:12. > :33:15.that to have violence against women in the same thing too. Have you
:33:16. > :33:21.noticed that? I think that is a cop-out too. But you have noticed it
:33:22. > :33:27.I bet? I'm not sure that I have, I suppose The Killing, but I know more
:33:28. > :33:34.about crime fiction in books. Prime Suspect, The Killing, The Bridge,
:33:35. > :33:40.all these things? It is true. Go on? It is true, why do women watch it,
:33:41. > :33:44.I'm not convinced that they watch it because they like seeing women
:33:45. > :33:48.raped, tortured and mutilated. I think it is sad if that is what we
:33:49. > :33:53.think, and if that is why people watch television for those things.
:33:54. > :34:00.Do you have a further view on why it has this appeal? In the days of
:34:01. > :34:04.Agatha Christie crime writers got a lot of criticism for not taking
:34:05. > :34:12.murder seriously making it into a parlour game, when you have the
:34:13. > :34:21.books, the original Swedish title of The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo was
:34:22. > :34:24.first called Why do men hate women. It was prevalent amongst the
:34:25. > :34:28.establishment and in society, he thought to justify write beg it he
:34:29. > :34:33.had to write about it in some detail and he had to have rape scenes in
:34:34. > :34:36.the books. I don't think they are gratuitous, I think he sets enough
:34:37. > :34:40.details going in the readers mind that they know what is going on. He
:34:41. > :34:47.doesn't linger. The problem is when the books are adopted into films, as
:34:48. > :34:50.The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo was in Swedish and American, that the
:34:51. > :34:55.viewer is just hit over the head with the rape scenes. You read a lot
:34:56. > :35:02.of this stuff, is it getting more violent? I think so. I do worry
:35:03. > :35:05.about the normalisation of sexual violence towards women and I find it
:35:06. > :35:11.very boring, because I get a flood of book which on the first page some
:35:12. > :35:16.poor woman, usually a young pretty woman has something quite nasty done
:35:17. > :35:22.to her. Do you come under pressure from publishers or television
:35:23. > :35:27.producers? Not at all. But I have too been sent books to blurb, and
:35:28. > :35:33.one sent by a publicist saying this is a really thrilling story about a
:35:34. > :35:38.serial rapist terrorising the town and leaving behind him a trail of
:35:39. > :35:44.tortured and mutilated women. We know you will love this book. No,
:35:45. > :35:49.really, I won't love this book. I worry I suppose that new writers
:35:50. > :35:54.feel that's what's going to sell. And young women writers write it too
:35:55. > :35:59.because they think that's what a best-selling crime novel is going to
:36:00. > :36:03.be like. I think we know that Hitchcock knew that people wanted to
:36:04. > :36:09.see a blonde get stabbed in the shower not a man. But at the same
:36:10. > :36:15.time when you watch the shower scene in Psycho, you don't see the knife
:36:16. > :36:20.going into the body, it is the editing and cutting, it doesn't
:36:21. > :36:26.linger on the face. Now Happy Valley, excellent series, but if you
:36:27. > :36:30.want to get value you have to see the young police woman getting run
:36:31. > :36:34.over four or five times to make an impact. You wonder how far people
:36:35. > :36:37.will be able to go in the future next time they want to make an
:36:38. > :36:40.impact. Do you not think the pendulum will swing back too, I get
:36:41. > :36:45.that feeling with fiction and novels. I think so, in your books a
:36:46. > :36:50.lot of the violence happens offstage and done very subtly. I think people
:36:51. > :36:55.will try to become more ingenious in their use of violence and they won't
:36:56. > :37:01.just have all guts strewn everywhere. I think the lovely crime
:37:02. > :37:05.writer Bob Barnard said more than one murder in a novel was rather
:37:06. > :37:12.vulgar. At the time trees, the -- Tetris,
:37:13. > :37:16.the game familiar to everyone under the age of 60, if you are over 60,
:37:17. > :37:21.you might learn something. It is a game developed in Russia and
:37:22. > :37:25.celebrating its 30th anniversary this week. That is the equivalent of
:37:26. > :37:30.two entire geological eras in the world of computing. Yet the game is
:37:31. > :37:35.still available and hugely popular on mobile phones and other devices.
:37:36. > :37:41.Even David Grossman hasn't been cool that long, he hasn't been off his
:37:42. > :37:54.chopper bike that long. He has this report. It has been rep Tate cathed
:37:55. > :37:58.on keyboards. On guitars. -- replicated on key boards, and
:37:59. > :38:06.whatever this is. But the original eight bit Tetris version is the
:38:07. > :38:11.Madingley catchy -- Madingley catchy like the game. I have been playing
:38:12. > :38:18.for 25 years and I love it still, I feel really relaxed when I play it.
:38:19. > :38:23.I'm passionate about it, it is a fantastic experience for me. So much
:38:24. > :38:27.has changed since this game was brought out, not just the computer
:38:28. > :38:31.graphics or the hardware, geopolitics too. Back then Russia
:38:32. > :38:40.was considered a dangerous and expipingsist state. Oh, hang on...
:38:41. > :38:46.The game was invented in the secret computer labs in the Moscow academy
:38:47. > :38:51.of science, an adaptation of an old Russian shape puzzle. I played a lot
:38:52. > :38:58.with this strange proto-type, and I can stop it myself and other people
:38:59. > :39:04.in my room were asking what are you doing here. And then I let people
:39:05. > :39:09.play and I realised it is not myself who is cuckoo and has something
:39:10. > :39:16.wrong in the brain, because everybody who touched this game
:39:17. > :39:21.couldn't stop playing either. Tetris spread via pirated floppies reaching
:39:22. > :39:24.the US. Everyone who played it realised this was something
:39:25. > :39:29.different, up until then video games were a scripted progression through
:39:30. > :39:34.a fine night number of -- finite number of levels, and boring. Tetris
:39:35. > :39:39.was different from the start because every time you played it was more
:39:40. > :39:44.difficult, it was different and it was impossible to win. That is
:39:45. > :39:49.probably the reason why Tetris has this enduring appeal. It is because
:39:50. > :39:56.however hard you try you can't win. In the late 80s the superpowers of
:39:57. > :40:02.the gaming world started a Cold War-style battle for the rights to
:40:03. > :40:08.Tetris. They descended on Moscow, Atari versus Nintendo. Nintendo made
:40:09. > :40:14.a video of the trip to Moscow in search of the elusive rights. Take a
:40:15. > :40:21.look outside, this is Moscow. Watching a video of Hawaii, because
:40:22. > :40:25.the TV doesn't work. The radio doesn't work. I have read everything
:40:26. > :40:30.I could read. He was negotiating with the Soviet Ministry of
:40:31. > :40:34.Software, who, he says, were pretty much clueless, he walked away with
:40:35. > :40:38.the hand held and console rights. To them it was more money than they had
:40:39. > :40:44.ever seen. For me it was more money than I had ever seen, we were happy
:40:45. > :40:51.campers. Could you put a figure on how much it was worth to you? At the
:40:52. > :40:56.end of the day, gosh, I would have to calculate, 35 million copies, it
:40:57. > :41:03.would have been multiple millions of dollars. And the game still appeals,
:41:04. > :41:07.now shrink wrapped in the smooth cellophane of nostalgia. There is
:41:08. > :41:12.demand for the original versions on the originalens machines. It is the
:41:13. > :41:17.impolicity, that modern games are very absorbing and time-consuming,
:41:18. > :41:23.but something like Tetris you can pick up and play for ten minutes or
:41:24. > :41:28.hours, it is an addictive game. In Tetris the World Service you up all
:41:29. > :41:33.this random chaos and it is your job to put it in order and make sense of
:41:34. > :41:40.it and make it neat. But time, there isn't enough time. Your successes
:41:41. > :41:47.are brief, they soon disappear, all that's left is a big pile of failure
:41:48. > :41:56.of dashed intentions of incomplete dreams until... You die. The Tetris
:41:57. > :42:01.world is pretty bleak. There are 337 days left to the date
:42:02. > :42:06.of the next election. Tomorrow we shall discover what the Government
:42:07. > :42:09.plans to spend them doing. Famously much of the time with Government is
:42:10. > :42:12.spent dealing with events they didn't foresee but the Queen's
:42:13. > :42:16.Speech to parliament tomorrow will tell us what the coalition
:42:17. > :42:20.Government would like to be doing with whatever time they have left in
:42:21. > :42:26.Government. The newspapers have had plenty of suggestions, some of them
:42:27. > :42:29.dressed up as impecably authoritative leaks. We have some
:42:30. > :42:33.ideas about what might really happen. What will happen? The first
:42:34. > :42:42.thing is it will be short, ten minutes, it will alling over by 11.
:42:43. > :42:46.45, as one observer put it unless Her Majesty does a Jean Carlos on us
:42:47. > :42:50.it will be forgotten by six. It is 11 bills, technical ways of
:42:51. > :42:54.implementing what we have heard. The pensions reform, we have heard a lot
:42:55. > :43:00.about the Dutch-style collective and the fund for that. We know there
:43:01. > :43:03.will be help for landlords, that rather excruciating scene between
:43:04. > :43:10.Clegg and Cable today setting out that. We know there will be an end
:43:11. > :43:16.to resolving day pay-offs, where senior civil servants get a
:43:17. > :43:20.redundancy pay off and come back in. And companies won't be allowed to
:43:21. > :43:24.drill without asking owners' permission, this is the fracking
:43:25. > :43:27.stuff. In terms of the mood it is difficult to set out all the
:43:28. > :43:31.legislation so quickly after what you call mid-terms, the European
:43:32. > :43:38.elections and the local elections, my reading of this is there will not
:43:39. > :43:44.be a lot of red meat thrown to the Tory backbenchers, there won't be an
:43:45. > :43:47.EU referendum bill or big moves on immigration curbs, or an Immigration
:43:48. > :43:51.Bill, and perhaps a way of saying the Government is confident with the
:43:52. > :43:56.results they have just seen. Is there likely to be anything really
:43:57. > :44:00.contentious? The most controversial thing is the recall bill, a measure
:44:01. > :44:04.by which constituents have the power to throw out their MP if there has
:44:05. > :44:12.been serious wrongdoing. Now there was a lot of toing and freeing on
:44:13. > :44:17.this, after the expenses scandal people wanted to put this mechanism
:44:18. > :44:21.in. People got cold feet in the first draft the Government thought
:44:22. > :44:26.they would end up with a lot of Newarks on their hands, they tried
:44:27. > :44:31.to remove it, now it is back in and in, in a very loose woolly way, the
:44:32. > :44:36.wording will be "my Government is committed to continue the programme
:44:37. > :44:40.of reform with legislation for the recall of MPs... " there are many
:44:41. > :44:45.who fear the bill in the current form won't have any teeth. I know
:44:46. > :44:49.Zach Goldsmith behind this from the start will be looking very closely
:44:50. > :44:55.at what is said and what is not said about recall. If all that ends up
:44:56. > :44:58.being is a system whereby it goes to another part of parliament, the
:44:59. > :45:02.Standards Committee for example, to decide on when there should be a
:45:03. > :45:06.by-election or when somebody should be removed from office then he will
:45:07. > :45:10.table an early day motion and take it to the Labour benches and say we
:45:11. > :45:14.need help because the Conservatives and Liberal Democrats have failed to
:45:15. > :45:16.get it through. Thank you. Tomorrow morning's front pages or some of
:45:17. > :46:01.them: That's it for today. We say good
:46:02. > :46:07.night with pictures from a town in Argentina that was flooded beneath
:46:08. > :46:16.10ms of salt warter in 1985 but then reappeared 25 years later. The
:46:17. > :46:32.director has made a film about Danny McAskall's cycle through the ruinsa
:46:33. > :46:59.film about Danny McAskall's cycle through the ruins.
:47:00. > :47:08.Good evening, warm and humid weather heading our way for the end of the
:47:09. > :47:13.week, breaking down into thundery showers. No warmth around, spreading
:47:14. > :47:17.into central and eastern Scotland through the afternoon. But Northern
:47:18. > :47:21.Ireland is escaping most of the rain, largely dry here. The western
:47:22. > :47:24.fringes of Scotland doing OK, but central and eastern Scotland, the
:47:25. > :47:28.rain sets in through the afternoon. Here temperatures of only 12 degrees
:47:29. > :47:31.moving down into northern England through the Midlands and the
:47:32. > :47:34.persistence of the rain means the temperatures could struggle in
:47:35. > :47:38.Birmingham and Oxford to get any higher than 11 degrees. That will
:47:39. > :47:42.feel like we have slipped back a couple of months. The rain on and
:47:43. > :47:45.off for much of the day here. Heading further west Devon and
:47:46. > :47:48.Cornwall getting dryer and brighter through the afternoon. I think
:47:49. > :47:51.across western parts of Wales the rain will begin to ease off, perhaps
:47:52. > :47:53.some