:00:13. > :00:13.Tonight, Newsnight is live in Paris, as we piece together what happened
:00:14. > :00:16.in the worst terror attrocity in France's modern history.
:00:17. > :00:20.We hear from survivors and the injured of the Bataclan
:00:21. > :00:25.And this evening, the first details are emerging of the attackers -
:00:26. > :00:36.As global leaders meet to discuss their strategy,
:00:37. > :00:52.A city reeling from the events of just 24 hours ago.
:00:53. > :01:00.The curfew has now been lifted, but it doesn't feel as if it has.
:01:01. > :01:04.and there's a sense even from the authorities of unfinished business -
:01:05. > :01:22.It was a night of unfolding horror here. Simultaneous shootings and
:01:23. > :01:26.explosions rang out across Paris. Three blasts took place near the
:01:27. > :01:31.Stade de France during a France-Germany football match,
:01:32. > :01:35.attended by 80,000, including the French President Hollande. One
:01:36. > :01:40.person was killed and three suicide bombers. Five minutes later 12 are
:01:41. > :01:42.killed on the terrace of the restaurant Le Petit Cambodge.
:01:43. > :01:49.Another five minutes another shooting. This time La Casa Nostra.
:01:50. > :01:55.In the 11th district, 19 people killed in gunfire, which witnesses
:01:56. > :02:00.say lasted two to three minutes. An explosion and then at the Bataclan
:02:01. > :02:06.Concert Hall, where a heavy metal band were performing, several armed
:02:07. > :02:08.men fired on the audience and took hostages.
:02:09. > :02:11.In all, these attacks have left at least 129
:02:12. > :02:14.dead and the confirmation that at least one Briton was amongst them.
:02:15. > :02:17.Our first report tonight comes from Gabriel Gatehouse,
:02:18. > :02:28.who's been speaking to survivors of this unimaginable attack.
:02:29. > :02:37.They came in silence this evening. Less than 24 hours ago, outside this
:02:38. > :02:43.cafe, five people lost their lives, gunned down as they enjoyed a Friday
:02:44. > :02:52.night out. It was the start of what would become the deadliest attack in
:02:53. > :02:54.peacetime France. The sound of an explosion, as
:02:55. > :02:59.peacetime France. The sound of an their country play Germany. It was
:03:00. > :03:07.the first of several blasts, the work of suicide bombers outside the
:03:08. > :03:14.stadium. A man filmed as he runs from the
:03:15. > :03:21.scene. President Francois Hollande amongst the spectators was whisked
:03:22. > :03:27.to safety. Then the crowd streamed onto the pitch in panic and
:03:28. > :03:32.confusion. At around the same time, in central Paris, gunmen began
:03:33. > :03:36.opening fire on diners in cafes and restaurants clustered around a busy
:03:37. > :03:47.night spot. The deadliest attack of the night happened soon after, at
:03:48. > :03:51.the nearby Bataclan theatre. This disturbing footage shows concert
:03:52. > :03:55.goers fleeing out of a back exit, while four gunmen are shooting
:03:56. > :03:59.people inside. In their terror, some climbs out of windows, clinging
:04:00. > :04:07.desperately to the side of the building. Bodies lie in the street
:04:08. > :04:12.below. "What's going on? The man with the camera shouts? No-one
:04:13. > :04:20.answers, too busy dragging away the wounded. Outside, heavily armed
:04:21. > :04:25.police now had a hostage situation on their hands. Within the hour
:04:26. > :04:29.security forces stormed the theatre, three of the attackers detonated
:04:30. > :04:34.suicide vests, a fourth was shot dead by police. Some of the hostages
:04:35. > :04:38.were led out to safety, but for more than 80, the rescue effort had come
:04:39. > :04:44.too late. President Hollande called the attacks an act of war.
:04:45. > :04:49.TRANSLATION: We are going to fight. Our fight will be merciless. These
:04:50. > :04:53.terrorists that are capable of such atrocities, they need to know they
:04:54. > :04:59.will be confronted by a France that is determined, united and acting as
:05:00. > :05:03.one. Outside the Bataclan theatre today, they continue to bring out
:05:04. > :05:07.the bodies well into the afternoon. Next to the police cordon, there was
:05:08. > :05:14.evidence of the desperate effort of medics to save lives. People are
:05:15. > :05:17.coming, individuals here to lay flowers outside the street
:05:18. > :05:21.coming, individuals here to lay leads to the theatre. On the
:05:22. > :05:26.pavement, you can still see fresh blood. The police are telling me
:05:27. > :05:29.that there are still bodies inside there. They're still bringing them
:05:30. > :05:36.out. The emotions here are still incred play raw. -- incredibly raw.
:05:37. > :05:39.Police are trying to establish the identities of yesterday's attackers.
:05:40. > :05:43.There have been arrests in Belgium. British official sources have told
:05:44. > :05:48.the BBC they believe a Syrian cell was behind the attack. People here
:05:49. > :05:50.are stilling reeling from the Charlie Hebdo shootings which
:05:51. > :06:07.happened just around the corner in January.
:06:08. > :06:16.Meanwhile, Parisians are going from hospital to hospital, looking for
:06:17. > :06:20.missing relatives. Nicolau and his girlfriend went to the concert
:06:21. > :06:21.together. She was shot in the abdomen. She's safe and recovering.
:06:22. > :07:09.He's haunted by what he saw. The word Bataclan theatre will be
:07:10. > :07:15.written into one of the darkest chatters of modern French history.
:07:16. > :07:22.The building stands on the boulevard Voltaire, fitting after the writing
:07:23. > :07:29.whose work enshrines the French ideals. It was those values which
:07:30. > :07:31.came under attack last night. That set out a bit of what we have been
:07:32. > :07:33.seeing here today. Pierre Haski is founder
:07:34. > :07:36.of the website Rue 89 and former deputy editor of Liberation,
:07:37. > :07:47.and Igor Mlad-Enovitch was caught up If I can come to you, you basically
:07:48. > :07:53.found yourself between two of the shootings, just tell us what
:07:54. > :07:58.happened. I was having dinner nearby in a restaurant. As I came out, I
:07:59. > :08:05.saw people fleeing. It soon appeared that there had been a mass shooting
:08:06. > :08:09.in the Bataclan. I tried to go one way. A man told me that two people
:08:10. > :08:12.were lying on the ground at the end of the street. I went the other
:08:13. > :08:20.direction and police had blocked the street. So I was basically trapped
:08:21. > :08:23.for a moment, before breaking away. What was your first impression? A
:08:24. > :08:26.lot of people have described hearing shots they thought were fireworks.
:08:27. > :08:31.You don't expect something on a Friday night in Paris in a
:08:32. > :08:35.restraunt, right? No, that was very unexpected and scary. This is a very
:08:36. > :08:41.lively neighbourhood, plenty of youths. We never expected something
:08:42. > :08:43.like this to happen like this. There was initially panic. When we learned
:08:44. > :08:47.what happened, we couldn't believe it. We were caught in the middle of
:08:48. > :08:53.it. Initially there was a moment of panic. Then we just tried to reason
:08:54. > :08:57.our way through. What was your inclination? Did you try and stay
:08:58. > :09:01.and help? Or did you want to get as far away as you could? There's no
:09:02. > :09:06.right answer here, I'm just interested to hear your thoughts?
:09:07. > :09:12.Ideally I would have stayed and helped, but when you're out on a
:09:13. > :09:16.Friday night and four different locations where people are shooting,
:09:17. > :09:20.you can't do much, which is very frustrating. It frustrates me right
:09:21. > :09:26.now. I just obviously thought of myself at first. I didn't know where
:09:27. > :09:29.to go. There were shootings everywhere. Now I'm feeling
:09:30. > :09:34.frustrated for the innocent people who lost their lives. Thanks for
:09:35. > :09:37.your thoughts. I describe this as a city still reeling. There is a
:09:38. > :09:41.your thoughts. I describe this as a of shock and also, I don't know if
:09:42. > :09:47.you feel this, one person described to me as almost a sense of
:09:48. > :09:51.unfinished business. First of all we still don't know whether there are
:09:52. > :09:57.any guys around who have escaped. We don't know yet who the attackers
:09:58. > :10:00.were. We have the beginning of information from the authorities on
:10:01. > :10:05.who they are. We still don't have the full list of victims. So people
:10:06. > :10:08.are still coming to reckon with the events themselves. I think it's too
:10:09. > :10:13.early. There's emotion. There's grief. There's lack of information
:10:14. > :10:17.because things are coming. We just learned this evening, for example,
:10:18. > :10:22.that one of our colleagues, works for a culture magazine, died. He was
:10:23. > :10:26.covering the concert. He died during the concert. We only heard about it
:10:27. > :10:28.in the evening. People are still getting those bits of information.
:10:29. > :10:34.What is getting those bits of information.
:10:35. > :10:37.having on this city? I think getting those bits of information.
:10:38. > :10:42.are, for the moment, in the time of emotion. Then will come the
:10:43. > :10:46.questions - what happened? Could it have been avoided? Are there any
:10:47. > :10:50.political responsibility, obviously this will be asked? And what is
:10:51. > :10:54.going to change in our lives? Because if you go out and have
:10:55. > :10:57.dinner, as you were describing, or go to a concert and you end up dead,
:10:58. > :11:02.what does that go to a concert and you end up dead,
:11:03. > :11:07.a city like Paris? I think people still have to reckon with the
:11:08. > :11:11.consequences of what happened. Do you feel that Parisians tonight are
:11:12. > :11:15.asking why us, why me, why here? Certainly so, yeah. Because France
:11:16. > :11:21.has never really been at the forefront of foreign policy efforts
:11:22. > :11:22.in the Middle East. There's never really been particularly insistent
:11:23. > :11:26.against the Islamic State. So really been particularly insistent
:11:27. > :11:33.think it was just an easy target. It was a coward act targeting easy,
:11:34. > :11:38.innocent people in public places. Of course they're wondering why them.
:11:39. > :11:43.The second time in one year. After the Charlie Hebdo attacks, we saw
:11:44. > :11:47.many demonstrations, vigils, groups gathering. It's been noticeable that
:11:48. > :11:52.people feel less able, less inclined to gather in a big crowd tonight.
:11:53. > :12:02.people feel less able, less inclined And the state of emergency makes it
:12:03. > :12:05.impossible. No-one can go to the Place de La Republique. That is
:12:06. > :12:08.where everything happened after Charlie Hebdo. It's small because
:12:09. > :12:11.the police are calling on people not to gather or have groups.
:12:12. > :12:16.the police are calling on people not don't know if it's still dangerous
:12:17. > :12:21.and the second thing is that I think people are wondering
:12:22. > :12:26.and the second thing is that I think national unity will be surviving
:12:27. > :12:30.these repeated attacks on our soil. Very interesting to speak to you
:12:31. > :12:31.both. Thank you for joining us tonight.
:12:32. > :12:36.As you heard, as well as those killed and injured,
:12:37. > :12:42.and friends, as they desperately search for clues and contact.
:12:43. > :12:48.It's emerging tonight that one of the perpetrators was a 29-year-old
:12:49. > :12:52.French national - arrested eight times but never imprisoned.
:12:53. > :12:55.Paris prosecutors say three separate terrorist teams were involved.
:12:56. > :12:58.A Syrian and an Egyptian passport, belonging to suicide bombers,
:12:59. > :13:11.were found, and one in the group is believed to be a woman.
:13:12. > :13:18.Armed police patrol the quiet centre of Paris. The attacks in which 129
:13:19. > :13:22.people lost their lives have been claimed by the so-called Islamic
:13:23. > :13:27.State. It appears there were just seven terrorists, but what do we
:13:28. > :13:32.know about them? One man, aged 29, was born in Paris and has previously
:13:33. > :13:35.been involved in petty criminality. Intelligence services reported he
:13:36. > :13:42.was radicalised. He wasn't known to be part of a terrorist network.
:13:43. > :13:47.Another was born in 1990. He wasn't known previously to police and had a
:13:48. > :13:51.Syrian passport. A greeck minister said the holder of this passport
:13:52. > :13:57.entered the EU through Greece in October. Belgian media report that
:13:58. > :14:01.three of the terrorists are from Brussels. Prosecutors in France
:14:02. > :14:05.didn't confirm this, but a black car used in the attack was rented in
:14:06. > :14:12.Belgium. Premises are being searched there tonight and three men have
:14:13. > :14:15.been arrested. Around is 1,500 French citizens are fighting in
:14:16. > :14:20.Syria, more than any other Western country. A similar number are being
:14:21. > :14:24.monitored in France by the Security Services for alleged extremist
:14:25. > :14:27.links. France has one of Europe's largest Muslim populations. Despite
:14:28. > :14:32.previous tensions over issues like the banning of the veil, today
:14:33. > :14:36.Muslims reacted with horror to the attacks.
:14:37. > :14:40.TRANSLATION: Don't speak about Islam. It's got nothing to do with
:14:41. > :14:49.this. We are against what happened. This is not Islam. I think we can do
:14:50. > :14:53.the difference between a Muslim and a terrorist.
:14:54. > :14:57.TRANSLATION: This has been claimed by ISIS. We need to wait for the
:14:58. > :15:02.results of the investigation to find out what is really the root of this.
:15:03. > :15:06.Paris is in mourning. Its citizens, Muslim and non-Muslim, are waiting
:15:07. > :15:11.to find out - did the attackers form their plans here in France? Or was
:15:12. > :15:16.it conceived abroad in ISIS strong holds? People have been coming here
:15:17. > :15:19.to lay flowers all day, the scene of one of the first shootings. Gunmen
:15:20. > :15:24.attacked this bar before crossing the road and opening fire on this
:15:25. > :15:29.Cambodian restaurant, killing at least 12 people. This terrorist
:15:30. > :15:35.tactics of moo raweding gunmen moving through a city has been a
:15:36. > :15:40.fear of European cities since Mumbai attacks. As with previous attacks,
:15:41. > :15:44.it appears the killers were on the radar of security agencies. They
:15:45. > :15:49.know they are dangerous. The problem is the degree of danger. In
:15:50. > :15:55.democracies we cannot put people in jail just because you suspect them
:15:56. > :15:58.of being dangerous. So the laws will be more repressive in the future,
:15:59. > :16:03.not only in France, but all over Europe. One possible opportunity to
:16:04. > :16:10.stop the attackers could have come last week, when a man en route to
:16:11. > :16:14.Paris was arrested in possession of weapons and explosives in Bavaria.
:16:15. > :16:17.It's not clear he was linked to thees attackers. Police tonight are
:16:18. > :16:21.racing to find any more accomplices. What you heard there raises many
:16:22. > :16:25.questions. To discuss the security implications
:16:26. > :16:34.of this is the counter-terrorism Thank you for joining us. Talk to us
:16:35. > :16:40.first about this idea of the one French national. A young man, 29
:16:41. > :16:44.years old, who is clearly part of a homegrown terror trat strategy, if
:16:45. > :16:48.we can call that? We know there is homegrown terrorism in France. We
:16:49. > :16:53.know there is homegrown terrorism in England am homegrown terrorism in
:16:54. > :17:01.Germany. The big question is - why can't we reach these people any
:17:02. > :17:06.more? Why don't they feel they can benefit from these countries and
:17:07. > :17:12.achieve another meaning in life than blowing themself up with the hidden
:17:13. > :17:18.message of paradise. We should take the global connotations of this
:17:19. > :17:22.ideology in account. We don't have a global strategy. We don't even have
:17:23. > :17:28.a European strategy. Each country does things slightly differently. Do
:17:29. > :17:31.you think it's worth France asking herself about certain policies or
:17:32. > :17:36.certain implications, for example, the importance of the Republic, not
:17:37. > :17:41.having the sort of religion as your first port of call? Or is it crazy
:17:42. > :17:47.to assume these things make any difference? There are local factors
:17:48. > :17:53.which play into radicalisation processes. Obviously, the idea to
:17:54. > :18:00.say France is a secular Republic is a good idea. It means Islam won't be
:18:01. > :18:05.excluded. If we come back to something, each attack, attacks 20
:18:06. > :18:11.years ago, 9/11 September, 15 years ago, we focus on a similar attack,
:18:12. > :18:15.attack jihadism as a problem which might go away. The ideology is there
:18:16. > :18:19.for at least 30 years. It was created partly with our help, in the
:18:20. > :18:25.war against the Soviets in Afghanistan. We don't deal with the
:18:26. > :18:31.ideology in a co-ordinated manner. What about this idea - The roots of
:18:32. > :18:35.radicalisation. France or Paris tonight is missing a sense at the
:18:36. > :18:39.moment of national unity that our guest said he worried that would be
:18:40. > :18:43.eroded by attack after attack. Do you agree with that? Yeah. I'm
:18:44. > :18:50.afraid that with is one of my biggest fears. National unity which
:18:51. > :18:55.was displayed after the attacks in January against Charlie Hebdo summed
:18:56. > :18:58.up by the slogan, "we are all Charlie" it's going away. Some
:18:59. > :19:02.people felt they were not Charlie. Not interested in terrorism. Would
:19:03. > :19:09.not support terrorism felt left out they didn't feel a part of France
:19:10. > :19:13.which is Charlie which would say, fine to do drawings of the Prophet
:19:14. > :19:17.Muhammad. The huge risk at this stage is national unity will be
:19:18. > :19:22.eroded. That is what the so-called Islamic State knows well. One of the
:19:23. > :19:29.major purposes of this attack was using a faultline, a division in
:19:30. > :19:37.French society to aggravate polarisation. That's the best friend
:19:38. > :19:43.of radicalisation. The big task will be to avoid polarisation of French
:19:44. > :19:45.society by aggressive security measures. Thank you very much
:19:46. > :19:47.indeed. Richard Watson has been gathering
:19:48. > :19:55.intelligence on the scale You heard what our guest about
:19:56. > :20:00.saying not overreacting. What are the implications now for the UK? I
:20:01. > :20:05.think the implications are quite profound actually. It's a very stark
:20:06. > :20:09.reminder of the threat we face in the UK. The terror threat level
:20:10. > :20:14.remains the same. The police and MI5 will be on high alert in any case.
:20:15. > :20:17.The French situation, my sources are telling me that ten people per week,
:20:18. > :20:21.for the last five months, have travelled out to Syria and many will
:20:22. > :20:24.have come back. If we look at the numbers here in the UK, it's quite
:20:25. > :20:29.instructive. These numbers are right up-to-date. They are from
:20:30. > :20:34.counter-terrorism sources today. 60 people are assessed to have
:20:35. > :20:41.travelled out to Syria. Some 60 people are assessed to have died
:20:42. > :20:47.fighting in Syria. 350 people are back in the UK already. We already
:20:48. > :20:50.have a derallying radicalisation in this programme called Channel. I
:20:51. > :20:56.think it's almost impossible for Khan tow cope with that level of -
:20:57. > :21:01.that number of people. I think that the real question here is - how do
:21:02. > :21:07.you prioritise your targets? There are some... There are 2,000 people,
:21:08. > :21:14.persons of interest, in the UK to MI5, the security service. The
:21:15. > :21:22.question is - how... The question really is how do you keep tabs on
:21:23. > :21:25.2,000 people? Priority, prioritisation is absolutely
:21:26. > :21:29.essential. I talked to someone today about communications technology.
:21:30. > :21:35.That is also very interesting. If you - I've spoken to someone who has
:21:36. > :21:39.infiltrated the cyber caliphate. They have been communicating with
:21:40. > :21:48.secure apps. I have some of these here. He said - one of the Isis
:21:49. > :21:55.supporters, alleged Isis supporters - "don't act until you are ready.
:21:56. > :21:59.Wait for the word and you'll go. " He also told me that in the UK right
:22:00. > :22:06.now there is police action. It's very hot. Bide your time. Wait until
:22:07. > :22:11.it's safe. This question is very, very serious. If terrorists are
:22:12. > :22:16.going to use secure communications there is a real threat to the UK.
:22:17. > :22:21.Mark Urban, thanks. The organized scale
:22:22. > :22:23.of this horror has left leaders across the world wondering what
:22:24. > :22:26.comes next and trying to work out What happened here last night will
:22:27. > :22:46.clearly re-energise debate about our The first blow was a bomb detonating
:22:47. > :22:49.outside the Stade de France as President Hollande watched the
:22:50. > :22:55.France Germany international. It was fold by two more blasts. Even if
:22:56. > :22:59.nothing else had happened, an attack by suicide bombers so close to the
:23:00. > :23:04.French President would have signalled a major event. It couldn't
:23:05. > :23:11.have underlined much more clearly Islamic State's intention to shift
:23:12. > :23:16.its violence towards the far enany, so-called, and in particular leading
:23:17. > :23:21.countries in the coalition against it. Two bodies were discovered. One
:23:22. > :23:24.of them appearing to be that of a suicide bomber with an explosive
:23:25. > :23:31.belt, batteries, detonator and a number of metal objects to make the
:23:32. > :23:38.explosion more dangerous. The attackers wore suicide vests. The
:23:39. > :23:41.Charlie Hebdo people didn't. It's similar to the attack in Beirut on
:23:42. > :23:46.Thursday evening that killed similar to the attack in Beirut on
:23:47. > :23:52.than 40 people and has also been associated with Islamic State. The
:23:53. > :23:57.use of suicide vests on western streets suggests a major new
:23:58. > :24:03.challenge for security agencies and it also suggests a bomb maker was an
:24:04. > :24:07.essential part of this operation. This isn't the first time assault
:24:08. > :24:13.weapons have been used on French streets. Several were seized after
:24:14. > :24:18.the Charlie Hebdo attacks. No-one nine days ago a Balkan man, bound
:24:19. > :24:23.for Paris, was arrested in Bavaria. His car boot was full of automatic
:24:24. > :24:30.weapons and explosives, underlining how relatively easy it is to bring
:24:31. > :24:39.such hardware through Europe. These weapons, especially the weapons like
:24:40. > :24:45.cla in as can could haves are circumstance lating, the central
:24:46. > :24:51.origin being the Balkans. We face this problem, not only terrorist
:24:52. > :25:00.situationings, but also very much in classic conflicts. It's a big
:25:01. > :25:07.challenge for us and I think France has been more accessible that other
:25:08. > :25:13.European countries. GUN SHOTS. People ask - could it happen here?
:25:14. > :25:19.If not in London, maybe Rome or Berlin. In the UK, there have been
:25:20. > :25:26.several major antiterrorist drills, practicing for the so-called Mumbai
:25:27. > :25:32.scenario. Those involved acknowledge a grim truth though, no preparations
:25:33. > :25:39.are perfect and that many can die in the minutes before an armed response
:25:40. > :25:45.arrives. Mark Urban with that report. Mark, you raised that
:25:46. > :25:48.question yourself really - do the events here make the authorities
:25:49. > :25:53.think it's more likely to happen at home? Well, the threat level is
:25:54. > :25:59.high, of course. There is a battery of things they can do to mitigate
:26:00. > :26:02.that. Let's not forget, some of those standard types of practice
:26:03. > :26:08.worked last night. The suicide bomber at the Stade de France was
:26:09. > :26:12.discovered trying to enter and blew himself before he got in. The border
:26:13. > :26:15.controls netted suspects. Intelligence is critical.
:26:16. > :26:23.Intelligence failed on the weapons issue in France. In the UK, counter
:26:24. > :26:27.terrorist people say they are confident they have a handle of this
:26:28. > :26:33.question of illegal weapons entering this country. They only have to have
:26:34. > :26:36.one significant slipup on that and the same pre-conditions for that
:26:37. > :26:40.type of attack could be created in the UK. Mark, thank you very much,
:26:41. > :26:44.indeed. Richard Barratt is the former
:26:45. > :26:51.director of global We have him on the line now from New
:26:52. > :26:58.York. Richard, thank you for joining us, if you can hear us? Yes, I can.
:26:59. > :27:02.What do you think this changes in terms of our strategy or Government
:27:03. > :27:10.strategy now towards Isis or towards terrorism? Yes. Well, I think the
:27:11. > :27:13.security services will carry on doing tomorrow and todayle of course
:27:14. > :27:17.what they've been doing for many months and many years up until now.
:27:18. > :27:20.That is, having a look at all those 2,000 people that were mentioned
:27:21. > :27:26.Earl earlier as being people of concern. To see which ones should be
:27:27. > :27:30.of most concern. Clearly, you can't deal with those fantastic numbers. I
:27:31. > :27:35.think the attacks in Paris also perhaps provide some useful
:27:36. > :27:39.analysis, looking at those individuals, what their conjectory
:27:40. > :27:43.was to arrive on the streets of Paris with delivering such murder
:27:44. > :27:47.and mayhem. Who they met, how they met them and how that network formed
:27:48. > :27:52.and so on. . They are associated with the Islamic State has been said
:27:53. > :27:57.by President Hollande or whether there are more self-immobilising
:27:58. > :28:04.cell. Whether they are return es and so on. All these things will help
:28:05. > :28:08.the security services to decide - we should devote more resources to this
:28:09. > :28:10.person and less to that. It's a difficult judgment to make, of
:28:11. > :28:16.course. When you hear, for example, that unwith of these men was known
:28:17. > :28:19.to police. He was known as a radical arrested eight times, never
:28:20. > :28:24.imprisoned. Does that sound like the system has gone wrong? I don't think
:28:25. > :28:29.so. An awful lot of people are known to the police for petty crime. A lot
:28:30. > :28:33.of those people are fairly radicalised. You can think back to
:28:34. > :28:38.the Lee Rigby murder, for example, both those people were known to the
:28:39. > :28:42.police for petty crime and rallying radicalisation. They are not unique
:28:43. > :28:45.by any means. It's really difficult to say - OK, in this case we will
:28:46. > :28:50.really focus on these people. Though of course it could be an indicator
:28:51. > :28:56.that something may be going on. I think there are two issues here.
:28:57. > :29:01.First... Carry on. I was going to say. People will be looking for
:29:02. > :29:06.reassurance at home saying - oh, we do things slightly differently in
:29:07. > :29:10.London. It's a different approach. A difficult strategy. Presumably you
:29:11. > :29:15.can't give anyone that reassurance can you? No. I don't think anyone
:29:16. > :29:19.pretends that reassurance is real. I think the level in threat in London
:29:20. > :29:24.is probably at "severe" just below the top level. That speaks for
:29:25. > :29:28.itself. In Paris of course there have been more threats. There are
:29:29. > :29:31.more threats to France than to the United Kingdom. That by no means
:29:32. > :29:34.there are no threats to the United Kingdom. We have about 1,500 - Thank
:29:35. > :29:39.you very much indeed. Thank you. No one expected to see attacks
:29:40. > :29:43.on the same city twice in one year. We were here in January
:29:44. > :29:45.after the Charlie Hebdo attacks. What's striking is how we
:29:46. > :29:48.tried to make sense of them. Was it about press freedom,
:29:49. > :29:50.was it about satire, The answer, in the light of what's
:29:51. > :29:57.happened here now, is clearly, no. This is a war on all our culture
:29:58. > :30:00.and our countries. And, it almost certainly,
:30:01. > :30:14.won't end here in France. He's in an exotic land. In the far
:30:15. > :30:19.reaches of northern Europe.