27/01/2016

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:00:00. > :00:00.Tonight we throw some light on Britain's electricity problem

:00:07. > :00:19.and the latest delay in the long-awaited nuclear solution.

:00:20. > :00:25.For a modern industrialised economy, which claims to be one of the

:00:26. > :00:28.leading economies in the world, to have any doubt about whether there

:00:29. > :00:31.is enough electricity to keep the lights on is a serious place to be.

:00:32. > :00:33.We'll ask if the nuclear option is either viable or desirable.

:00:34. > :00:37.Also tonight - the Shadow Foreign Secretary, Hilary Benn,

:00:38. > :00:39.on war in Yemen and the Saudis and the British role.

:00:40. > :00:42.The mystery of a plane crash on Saddleworth Moor in 1949,

:00:43. > :00:45.and an elderly, well dressed man found dead in the same spot in 2015.

:00:46. > :00:50.Turns out he's not who everyone thought.

:00:51. > :00:55.Professor Evans, it's not you? No, it's definitely not me.

:00:56. > :00:59.You're almost certainly the last living survivor of this crash?

:01:00. > :01:04.I think it's very likely that I'm the last living survivor.

:01:05. > :01:06.The former Swedish prime minister tells us

:01:07. > :01:08.whether Britain can leave the EU, enjoy the single market

:01:09. > :01:11.and stop the free movement of European citizens into the country.

:01:12. > :01:25.Sometimes, important news consists of things that don't happen,

:01:26. > :01:29.rather than things that do - today is one of those occasions.

:01:30. > :01:31.The building of a new nuclear power station at Hinkley Point

:01:32. > :01:37.The board of the French electricity giant EDF was originally scheduled

:01:38. > :01:39.to sign off the ?18 billion construction of Hinkley Point C,

:01:40. > :01:45.It could still happen next month - or after.

:01:46. > :01:48.But clearly there are lingering nerves that it is a project

:01:49. > :01:53.of such a scale that if EDF bungles it, it could destroy the company,

:01:54. > :01:57.notwithstanding all the support the British Government has offered.

:01:58. > :02:00.Now here's the thing - if Hinkley Point is in trouble,

:02:01. > :02:06.We'll be getting perilously short of capacity as it is,

:02:07. > :02:11.and Hinkley is meant to build in 7% of our electricity,

:02:12. > :02:14.but its potential absence leaves a giant hole.

:02:15. > :02:31.has been looking at what's holding it up.

:02:32. > :02:41.Can Britain keep the lights on without it costing a fortune? That

:02:42. > :02:46.concern about a so-called energy gap is a major worry, so it is important

:02:47. > :02:51.that plans for a massive new power plant, Hinkley Point C, now look a

:02:52. > :02:56.bit shakily. You might remember Hinkley, a proposed new nuclear

:02:57. > :03:01.station in Somerset to be built by EDF, the French electricity group.

:03:02. > :03:03.It is supposed to supply 7% of our electricity needs, but a

:03:04. > :03:11.confirmation announcement has been delayed. Welcome to Downing

:03:12. > :03:15.Street... This might prove a serious embarrassment for the Government.

:03:16. > :03:21.Signing a deal with China on Hinkley was a centrepiece of the state visit

:03:22. > :03:25.last year. It is also a major policy. British energy policy

:03:26. > :03:28.currently has three sometimes competing objectives. The first of

:03:29. > :03:33.these is pretty simple, make sure there is enough energy to go round,

:03:34. > :03:38.even as demand increases, as it is expected to do in the coming

:03:39. > :03:41.decades. The second is to reduce carbon in the energy sector, and the

:03:42. > :03:47.third is to achieve the first two objectives without increasing bills

:03:48. > :03:52.for the taxpayer or the electricity consumer. The supply position in

:03:53. > :03:57.Britain is not crisis level in the sense of there being power cuts any

:03:58. > :04:02.day soon. But it is a serious problem in the sense that it costs

:04:03. > :04:07.more to keep the system balanced, prices are higher than they

:04:08. > :04:11.otherwise would have been, and for manufacturing, households, they are

:04:12. > :04:15.paying a price for as sailing so close to the wind. And for any

:04:16. > :04:19.modern economy, you know, there are things you should take for granted.

:04:20. > :04:23.You shouldn't have to question whether there is enough electricity

:04:24. > :04:27.supply. That is why delays to Hinkley are a worry, so what is

:04:28. > :04:36.going on? Hinkley would use a new type of reactor, an EPR, so new that

:04:37. > :04:42.it is not yet running anywhere, and not for want of trying. An EPR

:04:43. > :04:47.project in France is six years late and 7 billion euros over budget, and

:04:48. > :04:52.that is having a huge ramifications for Hinkley. In France, a union with

:04:53. > :04:55.a seat on the EDF board is concerned about whether they can afford a

:04:56. > :05:00.project of this size and the riskiness. The union says Hinkley

:05:01. > :05:04.Point represents a huge investment in terms of the market

:05:05. > :05:08.capitalisation of the group and its financial position. They see

:05:09. > :05:12.financial, industrial and legal risks to the project. There is

:05:13. > :05:17.another reason why foreign progress really matters. If you look through

:05:18. > :05:22.the small print of the deal offered to investors, there are sweeteners

:05:23. > :05:27.from the Government, but they only take full effect if and when those

:05:28. > :05:31.foreign reactors can show that the design for Hinkley Point works. You

:05:32. > :05:35.can see why new delays in France in the past week might make investors

:05:36. > :05:40.nervous, and nuclear is a tough sell for them anyway. Nuclear power

:05:41. > :05:43.stations are difficult to finance for several different reasons, but

:05:44. > :05:49.one of the core ones is that they cost an enormous amount to build,

:05:50. > :05:53.and building is always risky, but key issue for investors is you do

:05:54. > :05:58.not get any cash flow out until you have spent every single penny of the

:05:59. > :06:01.construction business. If you spend a similar amount building or

:06:02. > :06:06.developing a new oil and gas field, you might only spend 20% before you

:06:07. > :06:12.get some oil and gas out, some cash flow. The cost to EDF of raising

:06:13. > :06:16.capital has also risen. This is the changing cost for EDF of borrowing

:06:17. > :06:23.for 15 years since last spring. It used to get debt at 1.5% a year. It

:06:24. > :06:28.does not quite doubled but nearly, 2.75% now. So could we finance

:06:29. > :06:33.Hinkley in any other way? We could have added British component to this

:06:34. > :06:38.project, it could have been an Anglo-French project, it could have

:06:39. > :06:43.been financed by nuclear bonds, financed by the Treasury, and the

:06:44. > :06:46.cost of the capital would have been substantially lower. Unfortunately,

:06:47. > :06:51.that argument has been lost, but we will live with the consequence of

:06:52. > :06:56.choosing the more expensive route for perhaps 60 years as a

:06:57. > :07:00.consequence. But we are where we are, and problems in a French

:07:01. > :07:05.company's work on a French reactor have led to murmurs among investors

:07:06. > :07:06.about the next generation of the British energy infrastructure as

:07:07. > :07:07.well. If the finances of Hinkley Point

:07:08. > :07:11.are challenged right now, remember that the economics

:07:12. > :07:13.of renewable energy also struggle when oil is as cheap

:07:14. > :07:16.as it is right now. We're joined by Jenny Jones

:07:17. > :07:20.of the Green Party and Ed Davey, who was Secretary of State

:07:21. > :07:36.for Energy and Climate Change You were negotiating with EDF on

:07:37. > :07:39.this very project for ages. It was painful, actually, it went on and

:07:40. > :07:44.on, are you surprised that day, after all of that, have stepped back

:07:45. > :07:48.and said, let's think about this at little more? Not really, it is a

:07:49. > :07:53.very congregated deal, a huge decision for them to make, and it is

:07:54. > :07:58.a delay of weeks, rather than months. -- very complicated deal. It

:07:59. > :08:04.is not just about Hinkley Point C, it is linked to what will happen at

:08:05. > :08:09.Sizewell C, it is also linked to Bradwell, the other site in Essex,

:08:10. > :08:13.the Chinese link there. It is a highly complicated deal. I am not

:08:14. > :08:18.surprised that it has been kicked down the road a month or two. They

:08:19. > :08:22.have not got it running in Flamenville or in Finland, massively

:08:23. > :08:27.over budget, massively delayed. Have they bitten off more than they can

:08:28. > :08:32.chew? Hinkley Point C is actually two of these reactors, and they have

:08:33. > :08:39.not got one working yet. The key thing for me was making sure the

:08:40. > :08:41.British consumer was protected, so the British consumer pays nothing

:08:42. > :08:45.until these things start generating, nothing at all. We have also said

:08:46. > :08:50.the contract is not going to happen until Flamenville works. So we have

:08:51. > :08:57.protected the UK. But George Osborne, what he has done since the

:08:58. > :09:00.election, he has got rid of support for renewables, completely abandoned

:09:01. > :09:04.carbon capture and storage. These are low carbon technologies that we

:09:05. > :09:08.put in place to compete, to make sure we were not putting all our

:09:09. > :09:12.eggs in the nuclear basket, and he has played a very irresponsible card

:09:13. > :09:17.with British energy policy. George Osborne is the real villain of this

:09:18. > :09:23.piece. Jenny Jones, you tweeted today, this makes me very happy, the

:09:24. > :09:27.news of the delay. Why did it make you happy? It is a deal that should

:09:28. > :09:32.never have been struck, and it must not go ahead. If this gets built, we

:09:33. > :09:36.will have the most expensive nuclear power plant on earth, and we will

:09:37. > :09:42.also have the most expensive electricity being produced from any

:09:43. > :09:45.technology. It is madness. You mentioned earlier the nuclear

:09:46. > :09:51.solution. It is not a solution, it is the start of a lot more problems.

:09:52. > :09:54.Is that right? I disagree. What is different with this deal from any

:09:55. > :10:01.other nuclear deal in the world is that the decommissioning costs are

:10:02. > :10:07.in the price. The cost of managing the waste are in the price. We will

:10:08. > :10:11.be paying more for decades ahead. It is cheaper than some of the

:10:12. > :10:16.renewables, and, moreover, if you compare it with gas and coal, plus

:10:17. > :10:20.their pollution costs, not just the wholesale price of coal and gas but

:10:21. > :10:26.a carbon price on top, that would be a fair way of doing it, it is

:10:27. > :10:29.completely linked to those prices. He was against nuclear, he came

:10:30. > :10:34.around when he had a job in government and had to work it out.

:10:35. > :10:38.Climate change, if you care about climate change, you should not be

:10:39. > :10:43.taking a low carbon technology off the table. The whole point about

:10:44. > :10:46.nuclear for me is that it has never been cost-effective. It has not

:10:47. > :10:51.stood on its own feet without public subsidy in 60 years, and it is not

:10:52. > :10:56.going to in the future either. The strike price at this power station

:10:57. > :11:01.is going to beat ?92.50 per megawatt. That means, you know, you

:11:02. > :11:06.say the consumer is not paying, but the taxpayer is paying huge amounts

:11:07. > :11:10.of money to subsidise this. This brings us to an interesting

:11:11. > :11:13.question, if you do not want nuclear, you do not want heating to

:11:14. > :11:18.be run by gas, because that is carbon. You do not want cars to run

:11:19. > :11:26.on petrol, what do you want them to run on? When we are looking at how

:11:27. > :11:29.to construct a future that is going to be viable in terms of climate

:11:30. > :11:33.change and the needs of humans, you have to think about renewables,

:11:34. > :11:36.heavily investing. But be clear, you have to replace the nuclear power

:11:37. > :11:40.stations that are falling by the wayside, the Coral, the gas power

:11:41. > :11:46.stations, you have to do that and introduce a enough new power

:11:47. > :11:51.stations to run cars, heat homes, how? Gas is going to be part of the

:11:52. > :11:56.make up for some time, but if we had combined heat and power stations,

:11:57. > :12:01.when we want to down scale gas, we can start bringing in green gas from

:12:02. > :12:05.food waste and so on. Food waste is going to run all the automobiles in

:12:06. > :12:09.the United Kingdom? Let's think about reducing the number of

:12:10. > :12:13.automobiles. You have to remember that our energy needs have gone down

:12:14. > :12:18.in the past few years. That is quite unexpected, when you think the

:12:19. > :12:22.population has gone up, but people are understanding you can save money

:12:23. > :12:27.and save energy, and people are doing it. This government, including

:12:28. > :12:33.the Conservative-Lib Dem coalition, is not invested in installation or

:12:34. > :12:39.reducing people's need. You make a good point. Very kind of you! And

:12:40. > :12:42.you. I am a huge fan of renewables, I commissioned more than any other

:12:43. > :12:49.British politician in history, I am a huge fan of energy at but I am not

:12:50. > :12:55.a clairvoyant, I cannot tell the future. Lots of people think they

:12:56. > :13:00.can, and given climate change is such a threat to humanity, we should

:13:01. > :13:03.have all the low carbon options on the table, including nuclear,

:13:04. > :13:07.including renewables, energy efficiency, carbon capture and

:13:08. > :13:10.storage. What George Osborne is doing, by cutting back on energy

:13:11. > :13:15.efficient renewables, he is bling fast and loose with the climate and

:13:16. > :13:17.fast and loose with energy security. -- he is playing. I am so sorry, we

:13:18. > :13:19.have to stop. Well, Westminster is less gripped

:13:20. > :13:22.by an impending electricity shortage - it's a few years away, after all -

:13:23. > :13:25.it is dominated this week by the tax row that won't go away,

:13:26. > :13:28.Google's tax bill. It came up again at PMQs today.

:13:29. > :13:30.Here's Jeremy Corbyn. I've got a question here,

:13:31. > :13:32.Mr Speaker, Now, you might well laugh,

:13:33. > :13:40.but Geoff actually speaks for millions of people

:13:41. > :13:46.when he says to me, "Can you ask the Prime Minister if

:13:47. > :13:52.as a working man of over 30 years, whether there is a scheme

:13:53. > :13:55.which I can join that pays the same rate of tax as Google

:13:56. > :14:00.and other large corporations?" What does the Prime Minister say

:14:01. > :14:05.to Geoff? Sitting behind David Cameron there,

:14:06. > :14:08.the Chancellor who had called Broadly speaking, the commentariat

:14:09. > :14:13.beg to differ Two representatives of that

:14:14. > :14:17.commentariat are here. Rachel Sylvester from the Times

:14:18. > :14:28.newspaper and Tim Stanley Rachel Sylvester, is this

:14:29. > :14:32.potentially the first issue where Corbyn is going to have something to

:14:33. > :14:36.go with and it will last quite a while? That's right. It is one of

:14:37. > :14:39.the first time it is Corbyn standing up for ordinary people against the

:14:40. > :14:44.elite. George Osborne has got himself on the wrong side of this

:14:45. > :14:47.argument. I think Corbyn is striking a populist note in the way he hasn't

:14:48. > :14:52.on all the issues of national security, defence, and all of the

:14:53. > :14:55.things where he has been alienating Middle England and people will be

:14:56. > :15:01.saying yes, someone saying what we feel. Tim Stanley, there have been

:15:02. > :15:05.lots of people who wouldn't ally themselves with Corbyn, like Rupert

:15:06. > :15:12.Murdoch tweeting today, lining up on the same side. Where is the

:15:13. > :15:16.Telegraph on this taxish yoo u? I don't know you were going to ask me

:15:17. > :15:22.that! If you have a very complicated tax system n the way we do for

:15:23. > :15:25.international taxes, this kind of complication can emerge. We would

:15:26. > :15:29.rather people paid as much tax as they should. This is why this has

:15:30. > :15:32.happened. George Osborne wants to keep businesses in this country.

:15:33. > :15:36.That is why he's cut this deal. Sorry, that is why the HMRC has cut

:15:37. > :15:41.this deal. This is why he described it as a victory. You keep a major

:15:42. > :15:46.company in the country. The problem is, the rest of us pay 20% or 40%

:15:47. > :15:49.when it comes to tax. We don't understand why a company should pay

:15:50. > :15:52.3% when it makes such an extraordinary amount of money. This

:15:53. > :15:56.isn't the first mistake. We discovered that George was mortal

:15:57. > :16:00.when the tax credit issue came up and when the Government was defeated

:16:01. > :16:04.in the Lords. Also, we have seen a reversal through the courts possibly

:16:05. > :16:08.on bedroom tax, too. So all these big welfare changes, which George

:16:09. > :16:12.saw as being real vote winners and clever things to force Labour to the

:16:13. > :16:17.left and make the Government look populist, they could end up haunting

:16:18. > :16:20.him. The Ed Miliband phrase about the Tories are strong when it comes

:16:21. > :16:25.to standing up to the weak and weak when it comes to standing up to the

:16:26. > :16:32.strong. The optics of simultaneously a bedroom tax court case coming in,

:16:33. > :16:34.disabled children and women with domestic violence problems, and the

:16:35. > :16:41.Government says we will appeal against this today. They are

:16:42. > :16:47.declaring, they are trying to defend this tax settlement with Google, it

:16:48. > :16:50.is not good? The Tories underlying fundamental brand problem is they

:16:51. > :16:54.are seen as the party of the rich and they are on the side of the

:16:55. > :16:57.wealthy elite, big business, large international corporations, rather

:16:58. > :17:00.than on the side of the hard-working, ordinary person. They

:17:01. > :17:04.have tried to position themselves as the party of the strivers. Every

:17:05. > :17:08.time this happens, it looks like they are back to that party of the

:17:09. > :17:13.rich image. There are two mistakes in a way. One is, if you want to

:17:14. > :17:20.take the Labour narrative, one is you gave into Google and you had

:17:21. > :17:23.?130 million. The other is, George Osborne thought that was a victory.

:17:24. > :17:28.That is the bit where he is out of touch with everyone else. That is

:17:29. > :17:32.not a victory... That is the tone deafness, isn't it? Osborne is

:17:33. > :17:36.working on an intellectual level which means he is thinking about the

:17:37. > :17:39.economic long-term. He does care passionately about people making

:17:40. > :17:42.money. He is big on entrepreneurs and the Northern Powerhouse. He

:17:43. > :17:47.likes the thought of ordinary people getting ahead. The problem is, it is

:17:48. > :17:50.a cliche, but we have to keep coming back to it. When you haven't worked

:17:51. > :17:56.for a living and relied on welfare, when you haven't done what a lot of

:17:57. > :18:00.ordinary working middle-class people do, you don't connect the dots

:18:01. > :18:04.between welfare charges and what effect they have people's individual

:18:05. > :18:08.lives. That is the piece that is missing with George Osborne. There

:18:09. > :18:12.are people within the Tory Party who support Boris Johnson who are very

:18:13. > :18:16.keen to exploit that. Come on, talk about how this impacts the

:18:17. > :18:19.leadership race. That is what everyone talks about now. It is

:18:20. > :18:25.another example of George Osborne's big flaw which is a lack of

:18:26. > :18:32.emotional intelligence. He is very clever, lots of tactical schemes,

:18:33. > :18:36.but he lacks the empathy for how ordinary people live and an ability

:18:37. > :18:40.to articulate and understanding of that. That is the difference between

:18:41. > :18:46.a leader and a Chancellor. Boris Johnson is the absolute opposite.

:18:47. > :18:52.He's got all the emotional, whatever you want in the world, but he lacks

:18:53. > :18:57.a consistency and discipline. What I find interesting, Osborne seems to

:18:58. > :19:03.exist in cycles, boom-and-bust, there are periods when his stock is

:19:04. > :19:07.so high, and periods when his stock goes down. Before the 2010 election,

:19:08. > :19:11.they were saying is Cameron going to have to dump him? He's changing more

:19:12. > :19:15.than almost any other member of the Cabinet. It is not just the haircut

:19:16. > :19:22.and the diet. And the image makeover. He's gone from being a

:19:23. > :19:27.tactical, hard economic person to being a more Heseltine protege.

:19:28. > :19:31.There is a lack of emotional intelligence underlying that. Is

:19:32. > :19:34.there a split at the party? Some people have said there is such a

:19:35. > :19:38.difference between the Cameron narrative and the Osborne narrative.

:19:39. > :19:42.There is an emerging split. Is that true, Tim? It could be that Cameron

:19:43. > :19:45.had the advantage of an extra day of headlines to see I'm not going to

:19:46. > :19:49.hold the line that Osborne tried holding on Saturday? There is a

:19:50. > :19:54.split of where we go next, what the party is going to look like. The

:19:55. > :19:58.choices between Cameron, which is driven by the search for consensus,

:19:59. > :20:04.and the search for social peace in Britain. There is the libertarian

:20:05. > :20:07.politics of George Osborne which is supported by the creation of a

:20:08. > :20:11.fantastic political machine within Parliament. Osborne will have a lot

:20:12. > :20:15.of supporters because he's put them in important positions of power.

:20:16. > :20:19.There is a challenge coming forward. I'm starting to buy into the

:20:20. > :20:23.narrative that the next leader of the Tory Party will be someone who

:20:24. > :20:26.we have never heard of, but someone who surprises us and hasn't been

:20:27. > :20:29.inside Parliament for a long time. Thank you.

:20:30. > :20:30.This programme has made quite an effort to draw attention

:20:31. > :20:32.to the war in Yemen - to most it probably feels remote,

:20:33. > :20:34.and overshadowed by the cruelty in Syria.

:20:35. > :20:38.But it clearly is something to do with us, as Saudi Arabia is leading

:20:39. > :20:41.the effort to reinstall the old government of Yemen,

:20:42. > :20:44.and Saudi Arabia is using British arms and getting British

:20:45. > :20:48.Today, a major report on the conflict from a UN Panel

:20:49. > :20:51.of Experts was leaked, so we have their view.

:20:52. > :20:53.Gabriel Gatehouse has been reporting on the conflcit -

:20:54. > :21:07.You have a leaked copy of the report. It is quite balanced, isn't

:21:08. > :21:11.it? It is even-handed, it points out the Saudis are supporting the

:21:12. > :21:15.internationally recognised government of Yemen. It blames its

:21:16. > :21:20.opponents for bringing about the crisis and paints a bleak picture.

:21:21. > :21:24.Human rights violations by both sides, proliferation of groups, the

:21:25. > :21:28.use of starvation as a method of warfare. It's the issue of air

:21:29. > :21:34.strikes that critics of UK Government policy have focussed on.

:21:35. > :21:38.They go into some detail. 60% of civilian deaths, 2,682 deaths were

:21:39. > :21:42.caused by air strikes. The Saudis and their allies are the only ones

:21:43. > :21:49.with any air power. When you dig into the detail, you see things like

:21:50. > :21:54.the targeting of refugee camps, schools, buses, markets, mosques,

:21:55. > :21:57.factories and three alleged cases of civilians fleeing residential

:21:58. > :22:03.bombings being chased and shot at by helicopters. It doesn't specifically

:22:04. > :22:08.mention the UK record here. But it is very relevant? It doesn't mention

:22:09. > :22:11.the UK. It calls on the international community to support

:22:12. > :22:17.independent investigations into violations by both sides. The UK

:22:18. > :22:38.sells arms to Saudi Arabia, it doesn't sell arms to the other

:22:39. > :22:42.group. And lawyers said they have given the government until the end

:22:43. > :22:44.of next week to suspend arms exports to Saudi Arabia or else they will

:22:45. > :22:46.issue legal proceedings. Thank you. The Labour Party is particularly

:22:47. > :22:48.concerned at the British role in this war - Jeremy Corbyn raised

:22:49. > :22:50.it at Prime Minister's Questions today, and a little earlier I spoke

:22:51. > :22:53.to the Shadow Foreign Secretary, Hilary Benn, who along

:22:54. > :22:56.with Mr Corbyn has today called for a suspension of UK arms

:22:57. > :22:58.sales to Saudi Arabia. I began my asking him what he wants

:22:59. > :22:59.Britain to do now in light Now, other organisations

:23:00. > :23:06.Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch,

:23:07. > :23:10.Medecins Sans Frontieres have been reporting what they regard

:23:11. > :23:12.as violations of international humanitarian law, but now we have

:23:13. > :23:16.this expert panel on Yemen, set up by the UN Security Council,

:23:17. > :23:20.saying that they have documented air strikes targeting civilians

:23:21. > :23:24.in breach of international In the light of that,

:23:25. > :23:29.given the weapons that we sell as a country to Saudi Arabia,

:23:30. > :23:32.given the rules that the Government is meant to apply, Jeremy Corbyn

:23:33. > :23:36.and I have today written to the Prime Minister to say

:23:37. > :23:40.you should now carry out an urgent investigation and should suspend any

:23:41. > :23:44.further weapon sales pending The Saudis - and by extension us -

:23:45. > :23:51.are backing the right side in this conflict, in the report,

:23:52. > :23:53.the UN report, it is called Do you support the objective of that

:23:54. > :24:00.government getting back in? I do because that is

:24:01. > :24:02.what the United Nations does. But, in conducting this conflict,

:24:03. > :24:08.and over 7,000 Yemenis have been killed, 2.5 million have had

:24:09. > :24:11.to flee from their homes, there is a grave humanitarian

:24:12. > :24:16.catastrophe, that is what the UN It is really important

:24:17. > :24:21.that the campaign is conducted within international law

:24:22. > :24:25.and there is, of course, an impact on the UK because we have

:24:26. > :24:29.the arms control criteria. That could have a very damaging

:24:30. > :24:34.effect on the long-term British arms trade because people

:24:35. > :24:37.to whom we supply arms may say we can't rely on these people not

:24:38. > :24:40.to be applying strings and terms and conditions after the fact

:24:41. > :24:43.when we want to use them. You have to be honest

:24:44. > :24:48.about that, haven't you? This could be costly in monetary

:24:49. > :24:53.terms even though it might be the right thing to do,

:24:54. > :24:56.in your view? If you have got the criteria that

:24:57. > :24:59.say if there is a clear risk that this may result

:25:00. > :25:01.in the commission of serious breaches of international

:25:02. > :25:04.humanitarian law, the Government's put the rules in place,

:25:05. > :25:06.previous governments have done that as well, they should be applied,

:25:07. > :25:11.you should look at what's happened British Governments have tended

:25:12. > :25:16.to believe the Saudi relationship David Cameron has talked

:25:17. > :25:20.about security, at least one incident he says, terrorist incident

:25:21. > :25:24.here, that has been thwarted I accept the argument

:25:25. > :25:31.that the security co-operation that we have with Saudi Arabia

:25:32. > :25:34.is extremely important. We both face a terrorist threat,

:25:35. > :25:37.lots of countries face a terrorist threat, and therefore effective

:25:38. > :25:40.exchange of information about the nature of that threat,

:25:41. > :25:42.individuals who might be responsible for attacks,

:25:43. > :25:45.of course that is important. What do you do if the Saudis say

:25:46. > :25:48.there is no more defence Well, I hope very much

:25:49. > :25:53.that they would not do that because if breaches of international

:25:54. > :25:56.humanitarian law are proven, and the committee on experts has

:25:57. > :26:01.said today this is what we found, the answer to that is to change

:26:02. > :26:05.what you are doing so you do comply But I hope genuinely that that

:26:06. > :26:09.would not get in the way of the security co-operation

:26:10. > :26:11.which is important to protect our citizens,

:26:12. > :26:13.as well as the citizens of Saudi Arabia, and people right

:26:14. > :26:17.around the world given the nature It brings us to your relationship

:26:18. > :26:21.with Jeremy Corbyn, who is a very principled man on foreign policy,

:26:22. > :26:25.and quite uncompromising The impending issue facing

:26:26. > :26:32.you all is Trident. Is Labour going to have one policy

:26:33. > :26:41.on Trident when it comes to a vote Different members of

:26:42. > :26:45.the Parliamentary Labour Party and different members

:26:46. > :26:47.of the Labour Party hold My view is as follows: I want

:26:48. > :26:51.a world in which there are no nuclear weapons, and

:26:52. > :26:53.so does Jeremy Corbyn. You get there by multi-lateral

:26:54. > :26:57.negotiation, not Not one of the other nuclear states

:26:58. > :27:03.in the world would say if you are giving yours up,

:27:04. > :27:06.we will chuck ours in the bin and, secondly, it's a different world out

:27:07. > :27:11.there and the threat that I grew up with, and many people did,

:27:12. > :27:15.fear of the Soviet Union, that has changed, although we have

:27:16. > :27:19.seen Russia doing certain things that have given rise to concern,

:27:20. > :27:23.but who can say with any certainty what the threats will be in 10, 20,

:27:24. > :27:26.30 or 40 years' time? Would you want a world

:27:27. > :27:29.in which North Korea was the only nation that had nuclear weapons

:27:30. > :27:32.and everyone else has This gets us to the heart

:27:33. > :27:36.of the problem. You have exchanged and espoused

:27:37. > :27:38.the beliefs you have The policy review may come up

:27:39. > :27:43.with the opposite policy which is to get rid of them

:27:44. > :27:45.straightaway, British weapons, Would you be able,

:27:46. > :27:50.as Shadow Foreign Secretary, to stay in the Shadow Cabinet,

:27:51. > :27:54.in that post at least, with such a big difference

:27:55. > :27:59.between you on that issue? Look, I won't answer that now

:28:00. > :28:00.because we don't know what the outcome of

:28:01. > :28:03.the review is going to be. Let us see what the outcome of that

:28:04. > :28:05.review is going to be. It is important that

:28:06. > :28:07.everybody argues their case Are you comfortable now that

:28:08. > :28:14.you have found a working arrangement in the party between independent

:28:15. > :28:18.thought and collective Look, all political parties

:28:19. > :28:23.are coalitions of interest And one of the reasons I think why

:28:24. > :28:30.Jeremy won the election is that people saw someone who was willing

:28:31. > :28:34.to say what he thought, He appointed people

:28:35. > :28:37.to the Shadow Cabinet knowing that on one or two issues they had

:28:38. > :28:41.different views to him. That is a strength of our politics

:28:42. > :28:44.and the most important task we have got at the moment actually

:28:45. > :28:47.is to hold this rotten Government to account because we need

:28:48. > :28:50.a strong opposition, and there is a lot of people out

:28:51. > :28:52.there who are suffering because of what Government is doing

:28:53. > :28:54.and they want to see an effective opposition and that is

:28:55. > :28:57.what we are seeking to do under Hilary Benn,

:28:58. > :29:11.thank you very much. People said when I introduced that

:29:12. > :29:12.item I said Hilary Big Ben. I don't remember doing that, but he is a

:29:13. > :29:15.very tall guy! A sad and intriguing story

:29:16. > :29:16.now from the Pennines. Greater Manchester Police

:29:17. > :29:18.are investigating the mystery of the body of a smartly-dressed

:29:19. > :29:19.elderly man which was found

:29:20. > :29:21.on Saddleworth Moor in December. or the circumstances

:29:22. > :29:24.around his death. But one theory on the man's presence

:29:25. > :29:27.there is that he may have some connection to a plane crash

:29:28. > :29:31.at the site, that was back in 1949. Nick Hopkins has been

:29:32. > :29:37.looking into it. This is one of the last

:29:38. > :29:43.images of him alive. The next day, his body was found

:29:44. > :29:49.lying face up on Saddleworth Moor. The man, apparently around 70 years

:29:50. > :29:52.old, travelled more than 200 miles to get there with no wallet,

:29:53. > :29:57.no phone and no ID. Six weeks on, the police

:29:58. > :30:05.still have no idea who he is. August 1949, a plane travelling

:30:06. > :30:09.from Belfast to Manchester crashes on the edge of

:30:10. > :30:13.the Peak District. We are considering whether

:30:14. > :30:20.the gentleman was a relative Alternatively, there were

:30:21. > :30:27.a few children who survived from the plane crash, and maybe

:30:28. > :30:31.he was one of those people. He would match the age,

:30:32. > :30:34.but there are inquiries ongoing to see if we

:30:35. > :30:36.can discount that. He looked at peace

:30:37. > :30:43.when a passing cyclist found him. Could this possibly have been

:30:44. > :30:45.some kind of pilgrimage? He began his journey at Ealing

:30:46. > :30:54.Broadway Station in west London. He travelled to the

:30:55. > :30:58.capital's Euston Station. He asked for directions

:30:59. > :31:04.to the top of a nearby hill He was seen walking on the path

:31:05. > :31:09.two hours later. The next morning,

:31:10. > :31:12.his body was discovered. This is where the plane

:31:13. > :31:18.came down in 1949. Among the survivors,

:31:19. > :31:22.two were boys back in 1949. One is now dead,

:31:23. > :31:27.the other is Stephen Evans. But it could be - I could understand

:31:28. > :31:37.why people would think But it's not me, and I have no

:31:38. > :31:43.idea who it could be. Newsnight tracked down

:31:44. > :31:47.Professor Evans last night. He rang police to say

:31:48. > :31:50.he is alive and well. Almost certainly, he's the last

:31:51. > :31:56.remaining survivor from the flight. I remember my mother saying to me,

:31:57. > :32:13.as we looked out, that it is cloud outside,

:32:14. > :32:16.when I had suggested it was fog. She said, "No, it is cloud,"

:32:17. > :32:19.and the next thing I remember was waking up, and most of the plane

:32:20. > :32:22.seemed to be over there, and my mother was in the seat

:32:23. > :32:25.beside me, unconscious but praying. Stephen Evans's younger brother

:32:26. > :32:28.Roger died in the crash. Yes, he refused to leave the scene

:32:29. > :32:38.until he was sure that everybody who remained there

:32:39. > :32:44.had no hope of being rescued. He insisted on being

:32:45. > :32:48.the last living person to leave. But he had a broken kneecap,

:32:49. > :32:52.and he was crawling round, and immediately after the plane

:32:53. > :32:57.crash, I recall him saying, "We must get out of here

:32:58. > :32:59.before the tanks go up, we must get out of here

:33:00. > :33:02.before the tanks go up." So the man on the hill

:33:03. > :33:05.was not on that flight, though someone close

:33:06. > :33:08.to him could have been. The tragedy is that somebody

:33:09. > :33:12.should be so alone in life that they go off

:33:13. > :33:20.and nobody misses them. Police have had dozens of leads

:33:21. > :33:27.- theories abound. But the truth is

:33:28. > :33:29.they still don't know the identity

:33:30. > :33:33.of the man on Saddleworth Moor. Newsnight has caused

:33:34. > :33:35.quite a stir in Belgium today. All to do with our interview

:33:36. > :33:38.last night with the Greek migration minister, who accused his Belgian

:33:39. > :33:41.counterpart of suggesting migrants should be pushed back into the sea

:33:42. > :33:44.to stop them coming. The Belgian minister concerned,

:33:45. > :33:47.a Flemish nationalist, issued a statement

:33:48. > :33:49.denying he'd said that - But he said he did think migrants

:33:50. > :33:56.who didn't claim asylum should be pushed back

:33:57. > :34:00.to their country of origin. That row shows how sensitive

:34:01. > :34:06.the issue is and fraught for governments

:34:07. > :34:10.across Europe. And it's completely displacing

:34:11. > :34:11.discussion about Britain's possible exit

:34:12. > :34:13.from the EU. Well, earlier today,

:34:14. > :34:15.I sat down with Carl Bildt, former prime minister and foreign

:34:16. > :34:18.secretary of Sweden, a man who's been at the top table

:34:19. > :34:31.of European discussions for decades about both where we are

:34:32. > :34:38.and where are going. I asked him about the tone of

:34:39. > :34:41.debate. I'm disappointed with some

:34:42. > :34:45.of the things that we are seeing, but clearly we have, I think,

:34:46. > :34:47.in the Western electorate, when we look at the American debate,

:34:48. > :34:50.Mr Trump, for example, or Madame Le Pen in France

:34:51. > :34:52.or whatever, we have sort of an angry coterie of our

:34:53. > :34:55.electorate which is dissatisfied with the way our societies

:34:56. > :34:57.have been developing, globalisation, immigration,

:34:58. > :34:59.whatever, and has led to a certain brutalisation of the politics

:35:00. > :35:01.on these issues as well, that other politicians

:35:02. > :35:04.move off in that direction. That is unfortunate,

:35:05. > :35:08.when that happens. One response to this migrant crisis

:35:09. > :35:12.has been for countries to say, let's build fences

:35:13. > :35:20.around our country. There is another response,

:35:21. > :35:24.isn't there? Which says the problem with Schengen

:35:25. > :35:27.was we didn't go far enough, we didn't have a common asylum

:35:28. > :35:29.policy, a common immigration policy, a common passport,

:35:30. > :35:31.a common right to residency. I just wonder whether you think,

:35:32. > :35:34.actually, maybe that is the way the whole thing in the end

:35:35. > :35:37.is going to have to go. I think, over time, it will have

:35:38. > :35:44.to move in that direction, because at the moment, when we

:35:45. > :35:48.have the common Schengen zone, and and we have the principle of asylum

:35:49. > :35:52.policy is supposed to be the same, but the application

:35:53. > :35:53.is very different. Sweden has been extremely

:35:54. > :35:55.generous, others might be That leads to the streams

:35:56. > :35:59.being sort of distorted, so over time we need to move to a

:36:00. > :36:02.truly common European asylum system. Otherwise it's going

:36:03. > :36:04.to be very difficult. I don't think it's going to happen

:36:05. > :36:09.next week, to put it in those terms, We've spoken a lot here

:36:10. > :36:13.about how leaving the EU, Tell us what you think

:36:14. > :36:20.the consequence of a Brexit would be for the rest of Europe -

:36:21. > :36:23.would it be damaging? I think it would be seriously

:36:24. > :36:29.damaging to all of us. Because we are living,

:36:30. > :36:33.as I think we agree, in a more dangerous world,

:36:34. > :36:36.it is more challenging, it is more demanding,

:36:37. > :36:39.it is more dangerous. That means that friends must work

:36:40. > :36:42.together, and if we suddenly see a Europe that starts to fracture,

:36:43. > :36:48.with a significant country leaving, that is going to be

:36:49. > :36:52.a weakened Europe, and in my opinion

:36:53. > :36:55.a more dangerous Europe. The separation negotiations

:36:56. > :36:58.are going to be very, very messy, for the UK to sort out what's going

:36:59. > :37:08.to be the alternative arrangement, and I know there's virtually

:37:09. > :37:12.no debate about that subject, which I think it's vital

:37:13. > :37:14.for the future, if there's

:37:15. > :37:15.going to be anything. This is going to consume a lot

:37:16. > :37:18.of the political energies all over Europe.

:37:19. > :37:20.I mean, take Russia, Ukraine. What we have seen as a consequence,

:37:21. > :37:23.there is no question that the United Kingdom,

:37:24. > :37:25.which is a significant diplomatic and foreign-policy actor,

:37:26. > :37:27.always has been, should be in my opinion, has been otherwise

:37:28. > :37:29.engaged during this particular period, because it is dragged down

:37:30. > :37:32.by this particular debate. Has that been a good thing

:37:33. > :37:39.or a bad thing? In my opinion,

:37:40. > :37:42.it's been a bad thing. We are losing in power

:37:43. > :37:44.and credibility when the UK sort of disappears

:37:45. > :37:47.from the scene and gets bogged down

:37:48. > :37:52.in its own contradictions. Do you think it is possible

:37:53. > :37:58.we would have full access to the single market

:37:59. > :38:02.without free movement of people? And the border issue,

:38:03. > :38:14.to me, is somewhat bizarre, I arrived here on the train

:38:15. > :38:18.from Brussels, and when you go past Calais and enter into the tunnel

:38:19. > :38:21.there, I mean, there is barbed wire, there is barriers,

:38:22. > :38:26.there is police, there is military. The French are controlling

:38:27. > :38:29.the external border and preventing people

:38:30. > :38:33.from coming in. but I had to pass two different

:38:34. > :38:38.checks with passports. I mean, it looks like

:38:39. > :38:40.you have control Right, but we can't stop

:38:41. > :38:46.any number of people, citizens, passport holders of the EU

:38:47. > :38:49.who choose to settle and work here. That is true, that is true,

:38:50. > :38:53.but that is very, very different from the Calais or the Syrian

:38:54. > :38:55.or the refugee crisis. I mean, you have 2.25 million

:38:56. > :39:01.citizens of the EU living and working and contributing

:39:02. > :39:05.to the UK economy, there is in the order

:39:06. > :39:07.of two million UK citizens I am on the board of a think tank,

:39:08. > :39:14.and we have done a study, and they make significant

:39:15. > :39:28.about these things, and they showed I can understand some

:39:29. > :39:33.of the concerns about the refugees We are marking it with a song

:39:34. > :39:56.from British composer of drawings and poems

:39:57. > :40:00.made by the children of Terezin that Pook saw at the

:40:01. > :40:04.Jewish Museum in Prague. was a holding camp for Jews

:40:05. > :40:08.before they were sent east And the words of Birdsong,

:40:09. > :40:11.here performed by the Zemel Choir, # Then if your tears

:40:12. > :40:52.obscure your way