:00:00. > :00:10.Ian Duncan Smith has resigned from the government this evening,
:00:11. > :00:13.over benefit cuts, the end of his six years reign as work
:00:14. > :00:16.At the last Budget he'd cheered government policy
:00:17. > :00:23.So, is his exit a full-blown crisis for the government,
:00:24. > :00:34.Five arrested in Brussels - Paris attacker Salah Abdeslam among
:00:35. > :00:38.We'll piece together today's events, and ask whether the authorities can
:00:39. > :00:43.And on tonight's Artsnight - artist Ryan Gander explores the art
:00:44. > :01:01.Art isn't a stronghold of the elite, it's everywhere. It surrounds us.
:01:02. > :01:05.It was at 9:00pm this evening, the news dropped without warning.
:01:06. > :01:07.Iain Duncan Smith has resigned from the cabinet.
:01:08. > :01:10.His resignation letter stuck the knife into George Osborne,
:01:11. > :01:13.and indeed, twisted it around a bit too.
:01:14. > :01:16.Now it had obviously been a fraught day,
:01:17. > :01:18.earlier in the evening, there had been signs
:01:19. > :01:21.of a significant U-turn on those unpopular cuts to benefits
:01:22. > :01:23.for people with disabilities - the personal independence
:01:24. > :01:30.The cuts were meant to make a ?1.3 billion saving.
:01:31. > :01:32.But according to Mr Duncan Smith's resignation letter,
:01:33. > :01:36.He didn't like them, and didn't like them even more
:01:37. > :01:41.for the fact they were accompanied by tax cuts for the better off.
:01:42. > :01:52.That have a brief chat to BBC political editor Laura Kuenssberg,
:01:53. > :01:56.who is in Downing Street. Take us through the letter, what you make of
:01:57. > :02:06.it, the substance and tone. Well, it's an absolute zinger of a
:02:07. > :02:09.resignation letter. He believed very strongly in the changes being made
:02:10. > :02:14.in welfare under his leadership at the DWP over the last six years, but
:02:15. > :02:18.in his view, these latest proposed cuts to the payments for many
:02:19. > :02:24.disabled people were simply a step too far. They were, in his view, the
:02:25. > :02:29.wrong balance, striking the wrong balance. He makes a very interesting
:02:30. > :02:32.point. Politically this will hurt. He suggests the government now has
:02:33. > :02:35.the balance of cuts the wrong way round, they are looking in the wrong
:02:36. > :02:39.places and hitting the wrong people. He dares the government to explain
:02:40. > :02:42.why they've been hitting people at the bottom end and the younger
:02:43. > :02:48.generation instead, protecting pensioners at the top end. The most
:02:49. > :02:53.striking and damaging line of all in this letter is saved for the very,
:02:54. > :02:57.very end. He casts doubt on the government's main assertion they've
:02:58. > :03:01.made time and time again since they've been in charge in 2010, he
:03:02. > :03:05.questions whether or not we are really all in this together. That is
:03:06. > :03:09.a senior figure in government walking out in protest and,
:03:10. > :03:14.essentially, questioning the government's main motivation. Every
:03:15. > :03:17.line is almost full of some bitterness. There has been bad blood
:03:18. > :03:22.between him and George Osborne for some time now. Very briefly, that is
:03:23. > :03:26.what he said, is there anything unsaid that is going on tonight?
:03:27. > :03:31.Naz of course there always is in politics. In this case there is
:03:32. > :03:35.something glaringly missing from the resignation letter. Iain Duncan
:03:36. > :03:38.Smith is one of the most prominent Eurosceptics, he has a big role in
:03:39. > :03:42.obtaining for us to leave the European Union. For some people
:03:43. > :03:47.inside government, they are pointing very much to that as part of his
:03:48. > :03:51.motivation. This will pour fuel on the already fiery debate inside the
:03:52. > :03:55.Conservative Party over whether or not we should stay or leave the EU.
:03:56. > :04:00.Senior MPs I've spoken to close to Iain Duncan Smith say, however, it's
:04:01. > :04:04.just not the case. He feels he was forced into these reforms he was
:04:05. > :04:09.then feeling he was being forced to defend them. When it emerged today
:04:10. > :04:13.the government was going to jump the reforms altogether, you felt it was
:04:14. > :04:18.a step too far. This will make a difference to the bad blood already
:04:19. > :04:21.there over the EU. That think that anger, that's David Cameron has been
:04:22. > :04:26.struggling to contain inside his party. No question, the timing of
:04:27. > :04:28.the debate around the EU referendum is absolutely part of this, too.
:04:29. > :04:31.Well to discuss all of this is Tim Montgomerie, from the Times
:04:32. > :04:35.newspaper, who was a speech writer for Iain Duncan Smith and founded
:04:36. > :04:37.the Centre for Social Justice with him, and also Jonathan
:04:38. > :04:39.Freedland, columnist from the Guardian, and Anne McElvoy
:04:40. > :04:51.Good evening to you all. Tim, what is going through his mind tonight? I
:04:52. > :04:54.think you have to judge it by the content of the letter that he wrote
:04:55. > :05:00.to the Prime Minister. He has been struggling for a long time with an
:05:01. > :05:05.imbalance of cuts that he's being asked to make. Huge part of the
:05:06. > :05:08.welfare budget, particularly for pensioners, said in universal
:05:09. > :05:11.benefits like child benefit have been ruled out of being touched by
:05:12. > :05:17.the Prime Minister and by the Chancellor. I think Iain Duncan
:05:18. > :05:22.Smith has, as he says, been a team player, tried to make cuts on the
:05:23. > :05:27.working poor and younger families. He feels it has gone on too far.
:05:28. > :05:29.It's one thing to make cuts for deficit reduction, but as his letter
:05:30. > :05:33.said, it's completely different if you are making those cuts to fund
:05:34. > :05:38.tax cuts for the better off or capital gains tax. You are taking
:05:39. > :05:43.the letter at face value. I think we have to, there may be other reasons,
:05:44. > :05:47.but there is a lot of moral force to this letter and it chimes with a lot
:05:48. > :05:51.of people who feel, to quote the letter, the promise was, we are all
:05:52. > :05:54.in this together. And, actually, it is working age families at the
:05:55. > :05:58.bottom of the pile who are yet again been asked to bear the brunt of
:05:59. > :06:03.posterity. It's interesting, a lot of critics to the left, who've grown
:06:04. > :06:07.to not like him very much over the last six years of his reign there,
:06:08. > :06:11.they will say, why are you going this way? There's been a lot of this
:06:12. > :06:15.over the last six years and you suddenly popped out, particularly
:06:16. > :06:17.just in the run-up to an EU referendum, which will make them
:06:18. > :06:22.suspicious if something about Brexit. You could easily make the
:06:23. > :06:26.argument he could have gone over other cuts, over tax credits last
:06:27. > :06:32.year. I think that the difference is the use of these cuts to help fund
:06:33. > :06:38.cuts for better off people. That really is a step too far. The others
:06:39. > :06:42.like detail is this is the day the policy he is resigning over was
:06:43. > :06:47.going to be junked. It's very odd to resign over policy the government
:06:48. > :06:51.has abandoned. The timing perhaps wasn't completely ideal in that
:06:52. > :06:56.respect. But I think the wider point of the letter, that cuts are still
:06:57. > :06:59.coming down the pipeline and are focused on the working age, young
:07:00. > :07:04.families, that is still very resonant. IQ taking the letter at
:07:05. > :07:10.face value or do you think there is something else going on? -- are you
:07:11. > :07:13.taking. It's what Iain Duncan Smith really believes, I don't think there
:07:14. > :07:18.is any sort of hokum, trying to cover something up. There is a
:07:19. > :07:22.permissive environment in the Conservative Party as a result of
:07:23. > :07:27.the referendum and a deep split in the Conservative Party which goes
:07:28. > :07:31.back... Pretty much forever... But Iain Duncan Smith is one of those
:07:32. > :07:34.people from the 90s onwards who has been a great Eurosceptic. This is
:07:35. > :07:39.their moment in the run-up to a possible Brexit. All sorts of things
:07:40. > :07:42.that maybe would have just about held together, got patched together,
:07:43. > :07:46.like those family rows. Once you start one, the others tend to come
:07:47. > :07:50.up. That's really what is going on here. People say what he's trying to
:07:51. > :07:54.do... The letter is so barbed comment doesn't mention George
:07:55. > :07:57.Osborne particularly, but it's so obviously aimed at him. People say
:07:58. > :08:03.he's trying to betray himself as the nice guy, for exit, the Chancellor,
:08:04. > :08:08.who wants to remain, as the evil... People will find it rich of Iain
:08:09. > :08:12.Duncan Smith to criticise Osborne from the left. They will say, you
:08:13. > :08:15.are the person who has been implementing these cuts, some of
:08:16. > :08:20.them very severe. The test of fitness to work imposed on the
:08:21. > :08:24.disabled. He's been seen as extremely harsh by disability
:08:25. > :08:29.groups. They find that now of all times he discovers it's too much for
:08:30. > :08:32.him. He is shocked to discover there is this harsh policy from the
:08:33. > :08:36.government and he's quitting just as it's dropped. Of course people are
:08:37. > :08:40.going to be sceptical and ask that because Dean you always ask in
:08:41. > :08:44.politics, why now? Is tolerated lots before now. Now three months ahead
:08:45. > :08:58.of the referendum he feels it's time to really launch an exit at the man
:08:59. > :09:01.who is leading the outcome pain. Is this full-blown crisis or
:09:02. > :09:06.containable to one policy over this benefit cut, which has been junked?
:09:07. > :09:10.And one man? It feels like, judging from the tweets of all the people
:09:11. > :09:14.coming out in support of him, the usual suspects on the Brexit side of
:09:15. > :09:20.the party, it feels like it's igniting something, is that right?
:09:21. > :09:23.This is an historic time for the Conservative Party. I don't want to
:09:24. > :09:26.make a prediction in a world where Donald Trump could be the next
:09:27. > :09:30.president, it's a world full of surprises. I think the Conservative
:09:31. > :09:34.Party could easily split over this Brexit bait, not just because of the
:09:35. > :09:39.nature of the huge divide it represents philosophically, but the
:09:40. > :09:43.way it is being fought. -- Brexit debate. There is unhappiness on both
:09:44. > :09:47.sides at the emphasis the Prime Minister is putting on fear, for
:09:48. > :09:52.example. Other people on the site that supports staying in the EU
:09:53. > :09:55.worries about the tactics of some of the people wanting to come out.
:09:56. > :09:58.There is also a sense, this is why this letter is imported, the
:09:59. > :10:03.weakness of the leading party means the Conservative Party could be in
:10:04. > :10:07.government for a long time. -- weakness of the Labour Party. Iain
:10:08. > :10:11.Duncan Smith says unless the Conservative Party is a truly one
:10:12. > :10:14.nation party that balances the cuts and tax policy so they are fair to
:10:15. > :10:17.everyone in society, it risks squandering that opportunity to be
:10:18. > :10:24.the natural party of government again. The difficulty with that is,
:10:25. > :10:27.it's such a complex landscape within the Conservative Party. When Iain
:10:28. > :10:30.Duncan Smith says, in the letter, he could just about have gone along
:10:31. > :10:35.with this if it hadn't been for the fact he thought the budget was too
:10:36. > :10:39.nice to high earners... This is someone on the right of the party.
:10:40. > :10:44.Where are we? That's another question. We've gone through the
:10:45. > :10:49.looking Glass of it. It's going to be a bit of a problem. I feel you
:10:50. > :10:53.should put in some word of defence for George Osborne here. It's easy
:10:54. > :10:58.on a night like this to say, you see what happens, you put on these
:10:59. > :11:04.disability cuts, now look. We've heard a rising bill on this.
:11:05. > :11:14.Governments, going back to new Labour... Disability benefit cuts to
:11:15. > :11:18.fund tax cuts for the well of. It was because for the top rate of tax
:11:19. > :11:24.to come down from 50p to 45 D. E tolerated that before. We've got a
:11:25. > :11:28.figure on the right attacking the figure associated with compassionate
:11:29. > :11:32.conservatism and modernisation, saying, this is too much for me.
:11:33. > :11:36.That is why you feel it's about Brexit. You've got this odd thing
:11:37. > :11:39.going on, partly to do with the weakness of labour. Government and
:11:40. > :11:42.opposition are happening within the Conservative Party. It's the sort of
:11:43. > :11:46.thing George Osborne could have got away with before but half the people
:11:47. > :11:54.behind him as he gave the budget wanted him to fail, wanted him to
:11:55. > :12:04.trip up, because he is the leader of In. Is this schism in the party at
:12:05. > :12:11.the end of the road is it repairable the referendum... Is, David
:12:12. > :12:17.Cameron's departure date will have to come forward, is not in the
:12:18. > :12:21.position, if it is likely he wins the Brexit election, he will not be
:12:22. > :12:25.able to heal this. The Chancellor is toxic on lots of these issues. I
:12:26. > :12:35.think a new leader will be necessary to heal divisions. Inside of the
:12:36. > :12:39.party? Early in the parliament. Polls suggest it wouldn't be risk he
:12:40. > :12:44.couldn't do a healing role. Cameron has allowed Osborne to be the
:12:45. > :12:50.lightning rod and hate figure of In. Cameron isn't even here, playing the
:12:51. > :12:55.statesman figure. This attack goes to Cameron as well as Osborne. I
:12:56. > :13:01.mean, he's put up his hands and said, there are a lot of people.
:13:02. > :13:04.They recently have want to do continue with the Cameron- Osborne
:13:05. > :13:08.duo at the top of the Conservative Party. This is an extremely
:13:09. > :13:11.significant moment for them. Geoffrey Howe, the attack on
:13:12. > :13:15.Margaret Thatcher, these things come round, teams to be an eternal
:13:16. > :13:19.recurrence. It begins to look like the beginning of an endgame, doesn't
:13:20. > :13:24.it? Osborne has had the most appalling week. This has to be worse
:13:25. > :13:30.than omnishambles. He was going to be all right after the budget! And
:13:31. > :13:36.now look. Again, is it what you would call the tin ear, he doesn't
:13:37. > :13:40.get 1 billion pounds from disabled people is a lot of money. It's like
:13:41. > :13:44.the disabled tax credit row from last, the fact he has repeated it
:13:45. > :13:48.with an even more vulnerable group. People feel the disabled are the one
:13:49. > :13:53.group, most of all, that deserve help from the welfare state. Taking
:13:54. > :13:56.from the poor to give to the rich is one thing, but even the Sheriff of
:13:57. > :14:00.Nottingham didn't take from the disabled and sick to give to the
:14:01. > :14:04.rich. Capital gains tax sounded so bad. People were selling their
:14:05. > :14:07.shares in Osborne as soon as he sat down on Wednesday. It's got much
:14:08. > :14:11.worse. You can't keep making mistakes like this. If you are the
:14:12. > :14:15.great strategic genius as he presenting cells politically, his
:14:16. > :14:19.image has been, I may not look like that popular figure on TV but I am a
:14:20. > :14:25.strategic wizard. Yet he's done the tax credit reversal, similar to...
:14:26. > :14:29.Praising the Google tax deal, another humiliation. He's running
:14:30. > :14:32.out of lives. Your luck does run out as Chancellor. Remember, he's been
:14:33. > :14:38.an absolutely commanding figure in this period, an architect of the
:14:39. > :14:43.Tory election victory. Your luck does run out as Chancellor. It
:14:44. > :14:50.hinges on the Office for Budget Responsibility. When it goes well
:14:51. > :14:56.his stock rises. Not only that, the OBE are as a life of its own in
:14:57. > :15:01.national politics. -- the OBR. Tim was reflecting, that absolutely
:15:02. > :15:05.driven feeling Osborne has that he has to at least prove he is right in
:15:06. > :15:08.the long run, it's now beginning to trip him up. Does it make any
:15:09. > :15:13.difference to the referendum itself? Does it bolster the leave camp,
:15:14. > :15:22.possibly even the remain camp? It does matter how much standing
:15:23. > :15:33.David Cameron has in the country. He is the lead person selling EU
:15:34. > :15:38.membership to the people. If this makes a difference, every time he
:15:39. > :15:44.tries to sell the EU, people look at him slightly differently. It is not
:15:45. > :15:49.helpful... I think the damage is around George Osborne. He is the
:15:50. > :15:54.toxic figure, the hard-faced man. He was booed at the Paralympics, he is
:15:55. > :16:00.having another go at this table people now. I don't think much of
:16:01. > :16:04.that rubs off on Cameron. That is all we have time for. Thank you.
:16:05. > :16:06.Just over four months since the Paris attacks,
:16:07. > :16:11.Salah Abdesalm Europe's most wanted man, for his role in those
:16:12. > :16:18.Along with an accomplice, and three people in a family who had
:16:19. > :16:22.Right in a flat in Molenbeek, Abdesalm's home
:16:23. > :16:26.Secunder Kermani has been in Molenbeek in recent days,
:16:27. > :16:31.Dramatic scenes on the streets of Molenbeek in Brussels,
:16:32. > :16:36.as authorities closed in on one of Europe's's most wanted men.
:16:37. > :16:39.as authorities closed in on one of Europe's most wanted men.
:16:40. > :16:42.Salah Abdeslam was reportedly shot in the leg and arrested along
:16:43. > :16:43.with an alleged accomplice and three members
:16:44. > :16:48.Police had been searching for him ever since the attacks in Paris last
:16:49. > :16:51.November and he is now likely to be extradited to France.
:16:52. > :16:53.In the past, some there had accused Belgian
:16:54. > :16:56.security services of intelligence failures.
:16:57. > :17:00.This evening the French president praised their work
:17:01. > :17:08.TRANSLATION: I have a special thought for the victims
:17:09. > :17:14.of the attacks on the 13th of November in Paris.
:17:15. > :17:22.Because Salah Abdeslam is directly connected to the preparation,
:17:23. > :17:26.organisation and, I have to say, the perpetration of these attacks.
:17:27. > :17:29.I also think of the families who have been looking
:17:30. > :17:34.Salah Abdeslam was a former petty criminal from the Brussels district
:17:35. > :17:39.He drove the attackers to Paris and, according to some reports,
:17:40. > :17:42.took an active part in what had happened there.
:17:43. > :17:45.His brother was one of those firing at people in the bars and cafes
:17:46. > :17:58.He was picked up by two friends, who drove
:17:59. > :18:02.Incredibly, they were stopped three times at police
:18:03. > :18:03.checkpoints, but were allowed to continue.
:18:04. > :18:06.The next day, those two friends who had picked him up were arrested
:18:07. > :18:08.in dramatic fashion, despite an international manhunt
:18:09. > :18:12.Until a raid earlier this week in Brussels
:18:13. > :18:14.suburb where police found his fingerprints.
:18:15. > :18:17.One man was killed, two others escaped.
:18:18. > :18:19.One may have been Salah, but today he was finally
:18:20. > :18:24.Clearly, catching someone like this alive,
:18:25. > :18:27.who was involved in the plot against Paris, who was probably
:18:28. > :18:32.meant to die giving that attack, which means he was really a key part
:18:33. > :18:34.of the fabric of the operation means he will have
:18:35. > :18:37.a real insight into the broader networks around them,
:18:38. > :18:39.into the people who supplied them with
:18:40. > :18:43.weapons, the people who helped them make the bombs,
:18:44. > :18:50.From an intelligence perspective, this is a huge victory.
:18:51. > :18:52.Salah had been a childhood friend of the organiser of the Paris
:18:53. > :18:57.Who else in IS, whether in Europe or Syria, was involved
:18:58. > :19:03.in the attacks, will be a key question to explore.
:19:04. > :19:07.As will the network who helped Salah hideout for so long.
:19:08. > :19:09.Molenbeek where he grew up and where he was captured has gained
:19:10. > :19:19.what many residents see as an unfair reputation as a centre of extremism.
:19:20. > :19:28.This man runs one of the oldest youth centres. He said with a Distin
:19:29. > :19:39.fries population, it is the perfect place to hide. You should know that
:19:40. > :19:48.there is a high density population. 8000 new inhabitants every year. And
:19:49. > :19:51.8000 leaving. There were tense scenes in Molenbeek to light. Most
:19:52. > :19:59.oppose extremism, but also many have a troubled relationship with the
:20:00. > :20:03.police. These raids were a success for the Belgian authorities, but as
:20:04. > :20:07.they discover more behind the Paris attacks, they will be looking to
:20:08. > :20:24.prevent other attacks happening. What was his role on November the
:20:25. > :20:29.13th? I have spent quite a bit of time in Molenbeek and I have met
:20:30. > :20:35.many of Salah Abdesalm's friends. They cannot comprehend his role in
:20:36. > :20:40.the attacks. His brother said he had seen him watching jihad videos. But
:20:41. > :20:45.his friends, it had been a shock to them. They would say the fact he
:20:46. > :20:49.didn't end up dead on the night of the attack shows he had second
:20:50. > :20:54.thoughts about his involvement. But he played a key role in the
:20:55. > :21:00.logistics, he rented cars, rented one of the safe houses that was used
:21:01. > :21:05.to manufacture the suicide belts that were detonated. One of the most
:21:06. > :21:12.interesting aspects is the anger in Molenbeek tonight. Interpret that,
:21:13. > :21:22.it is not complicit with Isis, what is going on? Molenbeek has a high
:21:23. > :21:25.Muslim population. They resent the presence of the international media
:21:26. > :21:28.been camped out there portraying it as the Jihadi capital of Europe.
:21:29. > :21:38.That is what explains that. To discuss the wider
:21:39. > :21:41.implications of today's events, we're joined by Professor Peter
:21:42. > :21:42.Neumann from King's College's Centre for the study of Radicalisation
:21:43. > :21:51.and Political Violence. To what extent does capturing him
:21:52. > :21:58.alive help the authorities? Potentially he might talk, but we
:21:59. > :22:02.don't know that yet. There is a potential disadvantage because of
:22:03. > :22:09.course, Isis has an incentive to perhaps even try to blackmail
:22:10. > :22:13.Belgium to release him. It is absolutely unpredictable what will
:22:14. > :22:18.happen in the next days and weeks. If he talks, it will be a huge
:22:19. > :22:22.opportunity, but there is no guarantee he will. What does this
:22:23. > :22:27.say about ice is that he was in Molenbeek. He could have gone to
:22:28. > :22:35.Syria, the big network, but he hadn't? It is interesting, because
:22:36. > :22:39.his brother died in the attacks. One of his school friends was the
:22:40. > :22:45.mastermind of the attacks. Despite this being such a transnational
:22:46. > :22:49.phenomenon, it is also a very small local phenomenon. A lot of people
:22:50. > :22:55.are closely related to each other. The fact he stayed in that place for
:22:56. > :22:59.four months. If you were the most wanted man in Europe, maybe you
:23:00. > :23:02.would enqueue shouldn't be in the obvious place. The fact he stayed
:23:03. > :23:08.there proves how provincial and local some of this movement can be.
:23:09. > :23:16.The fact he was under their noses, what does that tell us about the
:23:17. > :23:21.authorities? Was it a success they got him, but a failure because he
:23:22. > :23:26.was always in Molenbeek? It is a success. Well Jim is the most effect
:23:27. > :23:30.that country relative to population size in Europe. Its security
:23:31. > :23:34.agencies were not built for the numbers of people they now have to
:23:35. > :23:39.deal with. Second point, this was a part of Brussels that had been
:23:40. > :23:42.abandoned by the state, by the Muslim communities and it is clear
:23:43. > :23:52.that the authorities did not penetrate that part of their own
:23:53. > :23:54.city at all. What about the European authorities, are they working
:23:55. > :24:01.together a love? Are they able to deal with what is going on? After
:24:02. > :24:06.Paris, something 's happened. But there are still some big things that
:24:07. > :24:10.need to be fixed. To this day there isn't a single database accessible
:24:11. > :24:15.to every European country that contains the names of every foreign
:24:16. > :24:20.fighter, every potential terrorist. It is still possible, even after
:24:21. > :24:24.Paris, for people to come back from Syria, returned to their own
:24:25. > :24:26.countries are via other countries, because their countries don't have a
:24:27. > :24:28.proper way of exchanging information. Peter, thank you very
:24:29. > :24:31.much. Latin America is having
:24:32. > :24:33.an extraordinary year - socialism in that continent has
:24:34. > :24:36.been in the ascendancy, Venezuela in economic crisis,
:24:37. > :24:40.Socialist Cuba coming And, a socialist government
:24:41. > :24:44.in Brazil in the midst The Brazil crisis is the one
:24:45. > :24:47.that is reaching fever Demonstrations and
:24:48. > :24:49.counter-demonstrations, The scandal concerns construction
:24:50. > :24:52.company bribes paid to the state oil company, finding their way
:24:53. > :24:56.to senior political figures. It's now ensnared the revered former
:24:57. > :25:01.President, Lula da Silva. An extraordinary tale -
:25:02. > :25:17.Gabriel Gatehouse reports. Lula da Silva, seventh son of a
:25:18. > :25:21.literate farm workers, a former shoeshine boy turned president.
:25:22. > :25:26.Credited with lifting millions of people out of poverty. He left
:25:27. > :25:35.office five years ago with an approval rating of 90%. In Brazil
:25:36. > :25:41.Lula said in the 1980s, when up for man steals, he goes to jail. When a
:25:42. > :25:44.rich man steals, he becomes a minister. Now, the man himself
:25:45. > :25:51.stands accused of doing exactly that, falling foul of his own savage
:25:52. > :25:55.critique of the system. Last Sunday, more than a million people across
:25:56. > :26:03.Brazil came out onto the streets to demonstrate against the government
:26:04. > :26:12.of Lula successor. At the heart of this story is a giant corruption
:26:13. > :26:16.scandal. Allegations of billions of dollars of Ribes involving senior
:26:17. > :26:22.officials and politicians. Now, Lula himself has been implicated. He has
:26:23. > :26:27.denied charges of money-laundering and fraud, but the allegations have
:26:28. > :26:33.set off a chain reaction. Secretly taped phone calls released to the
:26:34. > :26:35.media, appeared to show the president offering Lula a
:26:36. > :26:49.ministerial post which would shield him from prosecution.
:26:50. > :26:59.The appointment was announced and Lula was sworn in yesterday. The
:27:00. > :27:02.president herself is facing impeachment over allegations she
:27:03. > :27:06.misused public fronts to boost spending during an election
:27:07. > :27:13.campaign, warned of attempts to overthrow her government.
:27:14. > :27:17.TRANSLATION: Convulsing Brazilian society with lies and reprehensible
:27:18. > :27:24.practices, violates constitutional rights and the rights of citizens.
:27:25. > :27:31.It sets serious precedents. Kuwas begin this way. Under President
:27:32. > :27:38.Lula, Brazil was on the up. Bids to host the World Cup and the 2016 Rio
:27:39. > :27:44.Paralympics. In 2010, the economy grew by 7.5%, but since then things
:27:45. > :27:51.have gone wrong. Last year, GDP fell by 3.8%, leading to perhaps the
:27:52. > :27:56.worst recession since records began. There are all sorts of reasons for
:27:57. > :28:01.Brazil's economic woes, not all of them the government's fault.
:28:02. > :28:05.Constant stories in the media about waste and corruption surrounding the
:28:06. > :28:08.World Cup and the Olympics have feel the anger, especially among
:28:09. > :28:14.middle-class voters. The upper middle class has suffered a very
:28:15. > :28:19.significant, economic and political losses in the period of
:28:20. > :28:26.Administration in the past 13, 14 years. On the economic side, jobs
:28:27. > :28:31.for the other middle-class, paying between the minimum wages have
:28:32. > :28:35.declined by 4.5 million in this period. It is very difficult for
:28:36. > :28:41.children to do better than their parents did. The government does
:28:42. > :28:47.have its supporters, drawn chiefly from the working class. Today, they
:28:48. > :28:52.came out in force to save they are backing Lula and the president.
:28:53. > :28:56.TRANSLATION: For the first time workers have rights and benefits and
:28:57. > :29:01.the elite don't like this because they no longer have a cheap labour
:29:02. > :29:04.force and slaves. The anti-government protests might have
:29:05. > :29:10.begun as a middle-class movement. One of its leaders is a former hedge
:29:11. > :29:13.front manager. Today he told us their appeal is broadening. Over the
:29:14. > :29:19.last few days you could see absolutely everyone coming to the
:29:20. > :29:22.streets, because the outrage is penetrating all of society. It
:29:23. > :29:28.doesn't matter the social or economic level. Barack Obama once
:29:29. > :29:33.called Lula the most popular politician on earth. Now
:29:34. > :29:36.demonstrators are willing to face water canons to demand he go on
:29:37. > :29:42.trial and his hand-picked successor stand out. Brazilians are coming to
:29:43. > :29:47.the conclusion their political culture is rotten. So rotten, even
:29:48. > :29:51.their most revered heroes seem not to be immune.
:29:52. > :29:53.That's it from Newsnight, but now for Artsnight.
:29:54. > :29:57.In the last episode in this run of the series, artist Ryan Gander
:29:58. > :29:59.looks at the links between everyday life and creativity,
:30:00. > :30:02.and travels to Berlin to meet Olafur Eliasson,
:30:03. > :30:10.who famously created a giant sun in Tate Modern's Turbine Hall.
:30:11. > :30:13.Everyone has the capacity to be creative.
:30:14. > :30:17.We all do things in our lives that are artistic, whether we realise