:00:00. > :00:07.Theresa May is a world leader, the Prime Minister of the fifth
:00:08. > :00:10.largest economy in the world, but what are her political passions,
:00:11. > :00:17.This weekend she'll take to the stage at Tory Party Conference.
:00:18. > :00:19.Will we start to get a clearer picture of what our
:00:20. > :00:29.What she has not had, I think, is a 100 day plan of the sort
:00:30. > :00:32.that we had worked out, when we came in, in 1997, when we
:00:33. > :00:36.She seems to have not had that whole series of policies and
:00:37. > :00:40.We'll hear from some of those who witnessed the first steps
:00:41. > :00:43.Deutche Bank has got a market capitalisation of 16.8billion
:00:44. > :00:46.dollars and faces a US fine of 14 billion for mis-selling.
:00:47. > :00:54.Is what the IMF calls the riskiest bank in the world too big to fail?
:00:55. > :00:58.The bloody history of some of the world's earliest and finest
:00:59. > :01:06.I've never actually licked a manuscript but they have probably
:01:07. > :01:24.Not only is it her sixtieth birthday tomorrow, on Sunday it's one hundred
:01:25. > :01:28.days since the Brexit vote and she'll be in Birmingham
:01:29. > :01:31.addressing party conference for the first time as PM on that
:01:32. > :01:34.very subject - I wonder which she'll find the more enjoyable -
:01:35. > :01:37.And then she makes a wider ranging speech on Wednesday.
:01:38. > :01:42.Theresa May has been a senior figure in conservative politics for almost
:01:43. > :01:45.two decades but apart from her style choices, ideologically she has been
:01:46. > :01:50.a closed book to all but a few trusted lieutenants.
:01:51. > :01:53.Since entering Number Ten there have been a few glimpses -
:01:54. > :01:55.her determination to pursue "responsible capitalism,"
:01:56. > :01:57.the return of grammar schools, and of course that moment
:01:58. > :02:01.of caution, or brinkmanship, over Hinkley.
:02:02. > :02:03.But will she come up with eye catching policies,
:02:04. > :02:09.and does political history tell us that early enthusiasms
:02:10. > :02:17.A clear image of Theresa May has yet to settle on the public retina.
:02:18. > :02:19.In some cases, the details are sketchy, but in others,
:02:20. > :02:27.The new Prime Minister was fortunate to have a G20 summit at the UN
:02:28. > :02:31.General Assembly early in her tenure to help establish foreign policy
:02:32. > :02:32.credentials, but in truth, one problem dominates
:02:33. > :02:39.Here we have not yet had an outline, merely a clever sounding phrase
:02:40. > :02:54.And we are going to make a success of it.
:02:55. > :02:58.Every time one of her Brexit ministers seems to add a little
:02:59. > :03:02.clarity to the government's approach, they have been sat down
:03:03. > :03:06.On Sunday, Mrs May is set to give what has been billed as a big speech
:03:07. > :03:10.on her approach to Brexit, perhaps then we will find out more beyond...
:03:11. > :03:15.Jonathan Powell was Tony Blair 's chief of staff and he arrived
:03:16. > :03:26.He warned Theresa May against wasting any time.
:03:27. > :03:28.The first 100 days are crucial in setting the mould
:03:29. > :03:31.for the Prime Ministership, that is when people see you.
:03:32. > :03:33.There are two things I regret from our first 100 days,
:03:34. > :03:36.the first was being bold and really difficult policies you want to get
:03:37. > :03:39.through you should do at the beginning when you have
:03:40. > :03:43.The second thing you should do is try and focus on those
:03:44. > :03:45.issues that are going to be really important.
:03:46. > :03:47.For Theresa May, the issue she will be remembered for is Brexit.
:03:48. > :03:49.Whether she succeeds or whether it is reversed
:03:50. > :03:53.If I were her I would focus exclusively on that.
:03:54. > :03:57.With the dominance of Brexit and the fact that Mrs May has been
:03:58. > :03:59.so long in the Home Office, you might have thought that
:04:00. > :04:02.a distinct May domestic agenda would emerge slowly, but we have had
:04:03. > :04:07.A pause in signing the deal on the new nuclear power
:04:08. > :04:10.station with the Chinese, citing security concerns
:04:11. > :04:15.was emblematic of cutting loose from the Cameron Osborne years
:04:16. > :04:17.and another was announcing the return to grammar schools.
:04:18. > :04:22.Strangely it was this attempt and focus on her agenda that has
:04:23. > :04:27.caused most disquiet among Conservative backbenchers.
:04:28. > :04:30.The grammar school policy was seen as both rushed and vague and indeed
:04:31. > :04:34.there were so many unanswered questions about how it would work,
:04:35. > :04:37.that it provided something of a rallying point for disgruntled
:04:38. > :04:42.There was more uneasy when despite all the previous
:04:43. > :04:45.signals suggesting cancelling the Hinkley Point power station,
:04:46. > :04:49.a deal, slightly amended, was agreed anyway.
:04:50. > :04:52.Questions then about what sort of political operation Mrs May
:04:53. > :04:56.was running and whether it was up to the job.
:04:57. > :04:59.Mrs May has a very different relationship with the press
:05:00. > :05:03.from her predecessor who had no staged visits to schools
:05:04. > :05:07.or factories and very few informal sources of information.
:05:08. > :05:11.The only way in is through the front door, guarded by two aides who have
:05:12. > :05:17.been with her on and off since her time in opposition.
:05:18. > :05:21.I created the job of chief of staff and I came to work for Tony Blair
:05:22. > :05:22.having imported that from the United States.
:05:23. > :05:27.I've noticed that Theresa May has two, there is an inflation going on.
:05:28. > :05:31.She has a male one and a female one and they seem to have a significant
:05:32. > :05:33.role, controlling access, they seem to have a major role
:05:34. > :05:37.in terms of policy, for example around schools and the role of chief
:05:38. > :05:42.of staff has become more like that of The West Wing.
:05:43. > :05:45.As someone who arrived on the job unexpectedly and in extraordinary
:05:46. > :05:48.circumstances, Theresa May has been cut more slack than most
:05:49. > :05:50.new prime ministers, but that patience is
:05:51. > :05:56.We will have decision soon on Heathrow, government spending
:05:57. > :06:08.Either the Prime Minister defines events or they will define her.
:06:09. > :06:11.Let's grapple now with the May enigma and what history tells us
:06:12. > :06:13.about the importance of a Prime Minister's honeymoon
:06:14. > :06:15.with broadcaster Michael Cockerell, who has chronicled the careers
:06:16. > :06:17.of seven Prime Ministers, Deborah Mattinson, pollster
:06:18. > :06:19.and former adviser to Gordon Brown as Prime Minister, Polly McKenzie,
:06:20. > :06:22.who worked in Downing Street for Nick Clegg and the journalist
:06:23. > :06:28.and author Harry Mount, who's writing a book about Brexit.
:06:29. > :06:38.Good evening. Michael, you have seen more Prime Minister 's go through
:06:39. > :06:42.that black door than many, has anything surprised you since Theresa
:06:43. > :06:49.May went through it? Partly what we were expecting of her, that she was
:06:50. > :06:54.going to be boring and stayed and unexciting, but I think she has been
:06:55. > :06:59.much more interesting. When she appointed Boris, everyone was
:07:00. > :07:04.shocked, not least Michael Gove, he was at a party when it came through
:07:05. > :07:10.on his mobile phone and he went white, apparently. She has not been
:07:11. > :07:13.that predictable. She has been amazingly self-confident, at her
:07:14. > :07:17.leadership launch, someone asked why she should be Prime Minister and she
:07:18. > :07:21.said she was the best equipped for the job. She has this
:07:22. > :07:26.self-confidence, she hit the ground running. If you look at Prime
:07:27. > :07:30.ministers who have come through mid stream, John Major, who have the
:07:31. > :07:34.poll tax, Gordon Brown, but Theresa May is faced with a policy that she
:07:35. > :07:39.actively voted against, having to drive it through, does it make it
:07:40. > :07:43.more difficult? It is incredibly difficult and she has appointed
:07:44. > :07:55.three different competing voices, David Davis, Liam Fox and Boris
:07:56. > :07:57.Johnson to fight it out over this policy, which she cannot take too
:07:58. > :08:00.much leadership on... What is the psychology of that? It must be
:08:01. > :08:02.difficult for her. She is not known as someone who is a natural
:08:03. > :08:05.delegator, yet she knows she cannot push too hard because she needs to
:08:06. > :08:11.give them potentially enough rope to hang themselves. You have been doing
:08:12. > :08:16.a lot of work on Theresa May, what do people pick of her? Their views
:08:17. > :08:21.are little hazy. They do not know very much, but what they do know is
:08:22. > :08:24.quite positive. I could say that voters are cautiously optimistic,
:08:25. > :08:30.she is making the right noises, the mood music is right. In what way?
:08:31. > :08:35.She is differentiating herself from the guide before in a good way,
:08:36. > :08:39.saying I am not an Old Etonian. She is also saying that she is reaching
:08:40. > :08:41.out, the speech on the steps of Downing Street, I tested that in
:08:42. > :08:57.focus groups and people loved it. Are you one of the people who are
:08:58. > :09:00.struggling to get by, she said, and people said yes. 56% of people in
:09:01. > :09:03.this country define themselves as have nots and it was a direct appeal
:09:04. > :09:06.to them. On that question of differentiating herself from David
:09:07. > :09:12.Cameron, she is not posh or one of the boys, she has to drive that
:09:13. > :09:18.through. He did talk about that, making a more equal society and did
:09:19. > :09:23.not deliver. You could say that we have a public schoolboy, educated at
:09:24. > :09:28.Oxford handing over to a public school girl educated at Oxford. She
:09:29. > :09:34.went to a public school as well. She did a very good job. Cameron said
:09:35. > :09:39.very similar things on his first time. You remember that famous
:09:40. > :09:44.speech by Thatcher on her opening day. They all try to set these
:09:45. > :09:49.messages that she will be defined by this one big issue of Brexit and I
:09:50. > :09:53.think she has been doing rather well on that and being a reluctant
:09:54. > :09:59.remain, either by accident or design, is the perfect position to
:10:00. > :10:03.be in. I have been interviewing, the Brexiteers like hers, they think in
:10:04. > :10:08.the House of Commons where the Tories are largely pro-Romain,
:10:09. > :10:11.they're more likely to get them through the divisions -- Remain. She
:10:12. > :10:18.is not doing the glad handling, she's not going to schools are
:10:19. > :10:24.factories, is she underestimating things because she is a woman? There
:10:25. > :10:30.is a weirdo expectation, her chief of staff, must be the person of the
:10:31. > :10:35.agenda, which is strange, she is somehow ventral uprising for him,
:10:36. > :10:39.when she clearly has an ideology... To the voters think that? The
:10:40. > :10:43.problem with voters is they have a very narrow set of role models.
:10:44. > :10:51.People say she is probably quite like Mrs Thatcher. The thing about
:10:52. > :10:56.the early Thatcher years, it was Keith Josef, who was supposed to be
:10:57. > :11:00.her Svengali. Do you think there are certain negative points that people
:11:01. > :11:05.see, she is quite restrained. Actually what people are feeling is
:11:06. > :11:11.not that she is restrained, but they are feeling that she is very
:11:12. > :11:15.measured. They are a little bit impatient already. You are saying
:11:16. > :11:18.that you think she's doing well on Brexit, I do not think that is quite
:11:19. > :11:21.whether voters are. Rightly or wrongly, I have heard people saying
:11:22. > :11:27.what is she doing going on holiday when the country is in crisis? It is
:11:28. > :11:30.very early days, if you think she will come up with these tremendous
:11:31. > :11:34.rows over the next five years and Europe is what has killed the last
:11:35. > :11:41.three Tory prime ministers, this is early days. It is too early. You say
:11:42. > :11:47.also about being a very measured. Her Cabinet reshuffle within a
:11:48. > :11:53.couple of days, I was talking to one Cabinet minister, you will have to
:11:54. > :11:56.work out who it was, he said he was sitting around the Cabinet table and
:11:57. > :12:02.only four of us were in the same job that they had been in before! More
:12:03. > :12:06.radical than you think. You get rid of the number of people that you
:12:07. > :12:12.want to get rid of because they have committed the cardinal sin of being
:12:13. > :12:15.in with David Cameron, George Osborne or Michael Gove, but you
:12:16. > :12:18.shovel all the other ministers who have been in the job for long enough
:12:19. > :12:23.to understand how the ministry 's work, it is a rather odd thing to
:12:24. > :12:29.do. Let us put it into the context of other prime ministers in their
:12:30. > :12:35.earliest incarnations, what Jonathan Powell was saying, she does not seem
:12:36. > :12:38.to have a 100 day plan, but she was in different circumstances, Tony
:12:39. > :12:44.Blair had been preparing forever, but when Wilson came in, what did he
:12:45. > :12:50.quit -- did he do quickly and did it survive? He came in and played on
:12:51. > :12:59.the fact that he was the first grammar school boy after three old
:13:00. > :13:04.it a row, after a 14th Earl and the huge political star, who Wilson
:13:05. > :13:13.modelled himself on, just before he became Prime Minister, was JFK. JFK
:13:14. > :13:16.said we would have 100 days of dynamic action and Wilson said we
:13:17. > :13:22.would have 100 days of dynamic action. He tried to play himself as
:13:23. > :13:28.the first Prime Minister born in this century, the youth vote. Coming
:13:29. > :13:33.on to the Coalition, you were there with Nick Clegg, was he prepared for
:13:34. > :13:36.what happened? The Conservatives did a lot of preparation in opposition
:13:37. > :13:41.whereas the Liberal Democrats with no expectation of being in
:13:42. > :13:44.government... Did that damage them in the long-term? The real challenge
:13:45. > :13:48.was trying to build a narrative that was about something other than
:13:49. > :13:53.austerity and I think that that in a way is a mirror of how Brexit will
:13:54. > :13:58.dominate Theresa May's Premiership. It is the biggest thing and the
:13:59. > :14:01.Coalition will be known for cutting 80 billion of public spending and it
:14:02. > :14:07.does not matter how many strategy teams you have, that is the game. On
:14:08. > :14:11.that question of Brexit, I am sure that as a Prime Minister, should she
:14:12. > :14:17.will not want to be defined entirely by Brexit, but I she said earlier,
:14:18. > :14:21.she can hive of the problems to David Davis, Boris and Liam and take
:14:22. > :14:27.the glory of it goes well. That will be enough to define it, a huge thing
:14:28. > :14:32.to take a side of Europe successfully.
:14:33. > :14:39.I'm sure she does not want to be defined by it, she had Patrick
:14:40. > :14:46.McLoughlin briefing the media that she wants to be defined by other
:14:47. > :14:49.things. But the huge event is Brexit, so she will try to be
:14:50. > :14:54.defined by other things. I'm sure her conference speech will be full
:14:55. > :14:59.of other things. What do you think, Deborah, she has to do, she is doing
:15:00. > :15:04.the big speech on Brexit on Sunday and on Wednesday she is doing the
:15:05. > :15:10.wider thing. The public priorities are clear, NHS, immigration and the
:15:11. > :15:13.economy. All of those things in one way or another relates to Brexit
:15:14. > :15:19.actually. They are all connected and joined up. The 100 days thing is not
:15:20. > :15:22.an accident. All the polling research I've done looking at
:15:23. > :15:27.previous prime ministers suggests that 100 days in is often as good as
:15:28. > :15:31.it gets. That's the moment where people have made their minds up. If
:15:32. > :15:36.you have not won them over by then you may be never will. On the
:15:37. > :15:40.policies, if policies disappear in the first hundred days, you think
:15:41. > :15:44.what were these policies in the first hundred days. That is often
:15:45. > :15:48.right. There are often gimmicks as well, as Gordon Brown had worked out
:15:49. > :15:53.what he was going to do for his first 100 days, and then things got
:15:54. > :15:58.in the way. There were the floods, the threat of foot and mouth.
:15:59. > :16:04.Suddenly he took control of these things. But he said to me, I'm
:16:05. > :16:08.really angry, because my grasp for what I was going to do for 100 days
:16:09. > :16:09.is not working out like that. Thank you very much indeed.
:16:10. > :16:12.The chief executive of Deutsche Bank had to come out fighting today
:16:13. > :16:16.after shares tumbled 9% at the start of trading following a big fall
:16:17. > :16:19.overnight in the bank's Wall Street listed shares.
:16:20. > :16:24.John Cryan assured staff at what the IMF calls the world's
:16:25. > :16:26.riskiest bank that finances were strong, but not only
:16:27. > :16:29.is there the small matter of a 14 billion dollar fine
:16:30. > :16:32.in the US for mis-selling mortgage-backed bonds before
:16:33. > :16:34.the financial crisis of 2008, there's persistent doubt over
:16:35. > :16:38.whether its 1.8 trillion dollar balance sheet is worth what the bank
:16:39. > :16:45.Its shares rallied later in the day, but could Deutsche Bank fail,
:16:46. > :16:47.or would the German government ride to the rescue?
:16:48. > :17:01.Deutsche Bank, the biggest bank in Europe's biggest economy, 147 years
:17:02. > :17:06.old, but you might remember it best for the financial crisis, for a two
:17:07. > :17:13.and a half billion dollar libel penalty, or for another huge fine.
:17:14. > :17:16.This time for busting sanctions. And now it faces of $14 billion fine
:17:17. > :17:20.from American authorities for selling those dodgy mortgage-backed
:17:21. > :17:29.securities that led to the 2008 crisis. And when your bank is valued
:17:30. > :17:33.at 15 billion euros, a $14 billion fine is a pretty terrifying
:17:34. > :17:37.prospect. Hence the share price tumbling. Also falling world the
:17:38. > :17:44.price of Deutsche Bank's Coco Bonds and that tells us a lot. So what is
:17:45. > :17:49.a Coco Bond? A way of raising money by borrowing it but with strings
:17:50. > :17:53.attached. Based on a normal bond with a bank borrowing and then
:17:54. > :17:57.paying fixed rate of interest for five, ten or 20 years before getting
:17:58. > :18:04.to the end of that period and paying back the lump sum. Now for the
:18:05. > :18:08.strings. The clues are in the name, CoCo is short for contingent
:18:09. > :18:12.convertible, in other words it can change in certain circumstances. In
:18:13. > :18:16.theory all sorts of things but for Deutsche Bank it means if it starts
:18:17. > :18:20.to run short of money the bonds turn into equity, in other words instead
:18:21. > :18:25.of the bank owing you money, you end up owning a little bit of the bank
:18:26. > :18:30.instead. That helps the bank because it no longer owes money, and its
:18:31. > :18:34.balance sheet looks stronger. But the investor is probably not getting
:18:35. > :18:38.such a good deal, receiving volatile shares instead of a predictable
:18:39. > :18:42.fixed income. That's why Coco Bonds have to pay a higher rate of
:18:43. > :18:46.interest than normal ones. Plenty of people simply don't want them. The
:18:47. > :18:53.more nervous people are about a bank, the less people once it's CoCo
:18:54. > :18:57.bonds, and the cheaper they become. That's why the cost of CoCo is good
:18:58. > :19:01.at risking how dodgy a company looks. Today the value of Deutsche
:19:02. > :19:10.Bank's CoCo bonds slipped to an all-time long. CoCo nominally worth
:19:11. > :19:15.100 cents now trading for than 70. It does suggest nervousness. If we
:19:16. > :19:19.see a feud is of stabilisation, if we see a quick resolution. Obviously
:19:20. > :19:23.we have the US elections coming up and Angela Merkel has enough on her
:19:24. > :19:27.plate so there will be an appetite to get this resolved as quickly as
:19:28. > :19:30.possible and you will see an improvement on the CoCo quite apart
:19:31. > :19:35.from the share price itself. This all matters because the tentacles of
:19:36. > :19:39.Deutsche Bank stretch far. It manages assets of ?1.5 trillion.
:19:40. > :19:43.It's got the world's biggest portfolio of derivatives with a
:19:44. > :19:48.notional value of, wait for it, ?46 trillion. The word is
:19:49. > :19:53.interconnectivity. If the global bank like this comes and stringed,
:19:54. > :19:57.the whole world starts worrying. This is the London headquarters of
:19:58. > :20:02.Deutsche Bank and it employs 9000 people in the UK. Out of a global
:20:03. > :20:06.workforce of over 100,000. This is one of the big beasts of banking.
:20:07. > :20:10.Although it's also pretty controversial. The IMF says Deutsche
:20:11. > :20:14.Bank is one of the biggest contributed to global risk in
:20:15. > :20:19.banking. It's got a monstrous problem as well from the states,
:20:20. > :20:24.that $14 billion fine. Deutsche Bank says that fine is preposterous.
:20:25. > :20:28.Although it set aside about 5.5 billion euros to pay for legal
:20:29. > :20:33.costs. If they have to find more money they will have to find it on
:20:34. > :20:37.the capital markets. Tonight a senior figure here has told me that
:20:38. > :20:42.it is categorically off the table that it would approach the German
:20:43. > :20:47.government for that money. Deutsche is responding. It's just sold its
:20:48. > :20:51.Abbey life-insurance business to calm investors. A year ago it sacked
:20:52. > :20:53.Chief executives and now behind-the-scenes I'm told it
:20:54. > :20:59.started a major re-shattering problem. But the board is reluctant
:21:00. > :21:02.to shrink or get rid of its investment banking arm. Some think
:21:03. > :21:07.it needs a profound shake-up. I don't think it is a viable
:21:08. > :21:13.institution in its present form fundamentally. This problem has been
:21:14. > :21:17.waiting to emerge, I was going to say since the global financial
:21:18. > :21:21.crisis, but actually before that. What we have effectively is a very
:21:22. > :21:27.large hedge fund associated with a large German retail and commercial
:21:28. > :21:31.bank. And that doesn't make sense. Tonight sources in both Germany and
:21:32. > :21:35.America say a deal is being negotiated, and the fine will be
:21:36. > :21:38.much less than $14 billion. What it will still be large enough to hurt,
:21:39. > :21:44.and to show that our biggest banks remain vulnerable. Adam Parsons.
:21:45. > :21:47.One of the cultural highlights of the autumn
:21:48. > :21:49.is an edge-of-the-seat tale inspired by medieval manuscripts.
:21:50. > :21:53.No, not the latest Dan Brown thriller 'Inferno," but a true story
:21:54. > :21:56.written by a librarian at Cambridge University.
:21:57. > :22:00.Christopher de Hamel has turned a lifelong obsession with ancient
:22:01. > :22:04.literature into a book that critics are comparing to 'A History
:22:05. > :22:08.of the World in 100 Objects' and 'The Hare with Amber Eyes'.
:22:09. > :22:12.It tells the dramatic and often bloody story of a dozen impossibly
:22:13. > :22:14.rare early manuscripts, with a cast list including saints,
:22:15. > :22:21.Casting his eye over these precious pages is our own tabula
:22:22. > :22:40.It's made of animal skin and it's got words, it can talk.
:22:41. > :22:43.As you turn the page, the light catches the burnished
:22:44. > :23:03.Come with us into the Parker Library, Cambridge.
:23:04. > :23:06.And the capital world of Christopher de Hamel.
:23:07. > :23:11.Everything is illuminated, or will be, presently.
:23:12. > :23:18.No elephant had been to England since Roman times.
:23:19. > :23:20.This is the earliest picture of an elephant drawn
:23:21. > :23:27.It was brought over here in 1255, sent over by Louis IX, Saint Louis,
:23:28. > :23:31.and Matthew Parris came down and drew on site.
:23:32. > :23:34.They fed it on meat and wine and it died two years later.
:23:35. > :23:49.De Hamel has been fascinated by ancient manuscripts
:23:50. > :24:09.He spent his entire working life surrounded by them.
:24:10. > :24:11.Now he's told the colourful and often blood stained story
:24:12. > :24:14.I want to know everything about the manuscript.
:24:15. > :24:17.First the text, what it actually says, that is one thing.
:24:18. > :24:20.What I want to know who made the book and when and where and how
:24:21. > :24:23.and why, how long it took and what it cost.
:24:24. > :24:26.Where the paints come from and why they painted or why they didn't
:24:27. > :24:29.Why they copied it, what they copied it from.
:24:30. > :24:32.How it survived, where it's been since the Middle Ages.
:24:33. > :24:38.There is no limit to what I want to know about a book.
:24:39. > :24:41.I've never actually licked a manuscript but I bet they've got
:24:42. > :24:43.a wonderful, they probably have a wonderful taste.
:24:44. > :24:45.In a mountain cave, Goering's secret treasure trove was located
:24:46. > :24:48.One of the treasures that Goering plundered
:24:49. > :24:50.was a medieval book of hours, or prayer book, which had once
:24:51. > :24:55.But it seems it was separated from other Nazi loot
:24:56. > :25:02.A French soldier stood on it and handed it into a monastery where
:25:03. > :25:06.You can turn the pages, you turn them, you are face-to-face
:25:07. > :25:10.with something that a thousand years old.
:25:11. > :25:13.They are a combination of art and literature and history
:25:14. > :25:40.The most prized possessions of the Parker Library include the 1400
:25:41. > :25:42.year old Saint Augustin Gospels, which de Hamel takes
:25:43. > :25:44.to Canterbury Cathedral under strict security when a new Archbishop
:25:45. > :25:48.This kind of parchment on these very, very early manuscript
:25:49. > :25:58.And I can explain this entirely in terms of physics,
:25:59. > :26:04.but walking into the cathedral, holding the book open with this
:26:05. > :26:06.very, very tissue fine parchment, and 5000 people.
:26:07. > :26:13.Singing with those deep organs, the pages vibrated.
:26:14. > :26:19.It was as if the book was humming in time with the music.
:26:20. > :26:22.And it was, if I was open to a miraculous experience, I would
:26:23. > :26:31.In Inferno, Dan Brown and team spin a modern tale of text
:26:32. > :26:37.Something not entirely dissimilar happened in the early days
:26:38. > :26:45.Created by Archbishop Parker, he was appointed by Elisabeth
:26:46. > :26:47.the first to sell the Protestant Reformation to the country.
:26:48. > :26:53.He has to convince all of middle England about this
:26:54. > :27:05.It was not new, but was just the English way of doing things.
:27:06. > :27:08.And with all the things, the Bible in English,
:27:09. > :27:10.married priests and all those things, very controversial
:27:11. > :27:18.He believed, had existed in Anglo-Saxon England,
:27:19. > :27:20.therefore he gets licence from the Privy Council Office
:27:21. > :27:23.effectively, to help himself, just to take into his own possession
:27:24. > :27:27.So it was a kind of dodgy dossier to some extent,
:27:28. > :27:29.could we call it that, the fruit of his labour?
:27:30. > :27:35.Every historian, whatever you are writing you will go
:27:36. > :27:40.through the historical material and pick out what seems to tell
:27:41. > :27:43.the narrative that you want, or tells the story that you want.
:27:44. > :27:44.Manuscripts are enchanting and full of interest,
:27:45. > :27:54.Because everything has been copied pretty much,
:27:55. > :27:59.And in any case the ordinary person can't have access to them
:28:00. > :28:03.We all know what the Taj Mahal or pyramids look like,
:28:04. > :28:11.And the thrill of standing in front of the pyramids of the Taj Mahal,
:28:12. > :28:13.where incidentally I've never been, but would love to, there is that
:28:14. > :28:17.sense of, there is one of the great icons of our civilisation.
:28:18. > :28:31.You have wonderful fun in some library peering at the
:28:32. > :28:32.manuscript and discovering things no one knew.
:28:33. > :28:42.It was the most technologically advanced space adventure yet.
:28:43. > :28:45.A mission almost beyond imagination, to survey and land a probe
:28:46. > :28:51.on an asteroid moving at 84,000 miles per hour.
:28:52. > :28:55.The prize - clues to the origins of the universe and a haul of data
:28:56. > :28:56.which will take scientists years to process.
:28:57. > :28:59.Today the Rosetta probe descended to its final resting
:29:00. > :29:01.place on that asteroid, a monument to human endeavour
:29:02. > :29:03.which may even outlive life on our own planet.
:29:04. > :29:05.Here's a look back on 12 years of the project.
:29:06. > :29:37.# That you wake one day in your own world.
:29:38. > :29:54.# They don't hear cries in your own world.
:29:55. > :29:59.# Only time will tell, if you can break the spell.
:30:00. > :30:38.Good evening. The weekend looking a little mixed on the weather front,
:30:39. > :30:42.Saturday will bring showers, everyone's across southern Britain,
:30:43. > :30:43.perhaps Hale and thunder. The north