:00:00. > :00:08.This is Outside Source. Let's look at the top stories: First of all to
:00:09. > :00:13.the West Coast of the States. Over a thousand schools have been shut in
:00:14. > :00:16.Los Angeles after an unpressified threat. New York officials say they
:00:17. > :00:19.got the same threat and considered it a hoax. There's suggestions that
:00:20. > :00:24.the LA threat will fall into that category too. The British astronaut,
:00:25. > :00:27.Tim Peake, has made it aboard the International Space Station
:00:28. > :00:30.accompanied by colleagues from Russia and the US. The journey took
:00:31. > :00:35.six hours. He's already had time to meet up with those already there and
:00:36. > :00:41.to give him mum a call on earth. We're live in Washington in a
:00:42. > :00:44.moment, to talk about the latest televised Republican debate in Las
:00:45. > :00:47.Vegas no. Doubt what Donald Trump had to say about Muslims come
:00:48. > :00:51.intoing the US will be in the thick of things. -- coming into the US
:00:52. > :00:55.will be in the thick of things. And we'll take a decent amount of
:00:56. > :01:00.time at the end of the programme to talk about capitalism. There's an
:01:01. > :01:03.event in Central London, it's just finished, and it's considering
:01:04. > :01:08.capitalism's role in the problems of our time, but also the solution
:01:09. > :01:12.that's we need. This plays into many of the stories we cover. We invited
:01:13. > :01:30.two participants. We will listen to them talk in a minute.
:01:31. > :01:38.As I was mentioning, the latest Republican presidential debate is on
:01:39. > :01:41.US television later. It is the first since Donald Trump said he supports
:01:42. > :01:50.a temporary ban on Muslims entering the country. Let's speak to catty
:01:51. > :01:55.came live. I guess there is no getting away from this idea of
:01:56. > :02:00.Donald Trump's. Presumably it is going to be dead centre of the
:02:01. > :02:04.discussions? Yes, what has happened since he made that proposal to ban
:02:05. > :02:11.Muslims in the US, he has gone up even further in the polls. He is at
:02:12. > :02:15.41% in one national poll. He is still the Republican front runner.
:02:16. > :02:20.Every time he's says something that may sound in century or may sound as
:02:21. > :02:25.though he has gone too far, his supporters thanking for it even more
:02:26. > :02:29.and his poll numbers grow even higher. He will have a lot of
:02:30. > :02:34.attention tonight. The onus is on him to appear presidential, to look
:02:35. > :02:39.like somebody who could be elected. The ban on Muslims will come up. The
:02:40. > :02:44.other person people will be looking at is Ted Cruz, the senator who is
:02:45. > :02:53.nipping at Donald Trump's heels in the state of Iowa. Otello -- tell
:02:54. > :02:57.all of our viewers about Ted Cruz. What does he offer? What is his
:02:58. > :03:03.point of difference with Donald Trump? He is an interesting
:03:04. > :03:07.character. He is very bright. Harvard Law School. Texas senator. I
:03:08. > :03:15.have not met a senator in the US Senate who likes him. He has made a
:03:16. > :03:20.lot of enemies in the Senate, which is part of his appeal to his
:03:21. > :03:25.supporters. He is a senator but they hate him in the Senate, that is what
:03:26. > :03:29.he says. That is because he is such an outsider and he is prepared to
:03:30. > :03:34.annoy every single member of his own party. He is very Conservative, more
:03:35. > :03:40.evangelical, more Christian probably than Donald Trump. His support in
:03:41. > :03:45.places like Iowa, a very Christian state, they like him because of
:03:46. > :03:50.that. That is why he is rising in the polls. He is Conservative, he is
:03:51. > :03:58.Christian and he paces off the Republican party establishment. When
:03:59. > :04:03.is it on? It in just a few hours. You will get all of the results if
:04:04. > :04:19.you are later. Thank you very much indeed. Straight to outside source
:04:20. > :04:21.sport. 20 years ago, the so-called Bosman ruling drastically changed
:04:22. > :04:28.the rules around European football transfers. I remember it. Its impact
:04:29. > :04:31.is still felt today. What I do not remember so well is what brought it
:04:32. > :04:37.all about and who exactly Bosman was. Here is a report from Patrick
:04:38. > :04:42.Geary, who can help us. It contains some flash photography. These are
:04:43. > :04:46.some of the most sought after footballers around. All of them were
:04:47. > :04:51.transferred for nothing. The power of free movement underpins today's
:04:52. > :04:54.game. Moderate players can go where they want when their contracts are
:04:55. > :05:00.over. Arise and unremarkable bedridden with shoulder, John Marc
:05:01. > :05:13.Bosman. -- arise and unremarkable Belgian player. Bosman ran out of
:05:14. > :05:16.money, became an alcoholic and spent time in prison.
:05:17. > :05:21.It is clear there have been real problems at some point but also I
:05:22. > :05:26.had medical and psychological care and I am feeling much better. I also
:05:27. > :05:30.have blood samples taken on a regular basis. There have been
:05:31. > :05:37.difficulties. But it is now that life has started over. While
:05:38. > :05:40.Bosman's like slit off the rails, it was soon clear his case would
:05:41. > :05:45.empower his fellow players at the expense of their clubs. The way I
:05:46. > :05:49.see it happening is that eventually the top players will be in a strong
:05:50. > :05:54.position because at the end of their contract clubs will be vying for
:05:55. > :05:59.their signature. In 2001, the name Bosman was back in the headlines
:06:00. > :06:02.well -- when Sol Campbell crossed the north London divide from Spurs
:06:03. > :06:09.to Arsenal. No money went the other way. Now Bosman transfers are part
:06:10. > :06:13.of the game. Last summer James Milner and Danny Ings joined
:06:14. > :06:17.Liverpool as part of the ruling. I was one of the first Spanish players
:06:18. > :06:21.to come into the UK. I should be in favour of it. Football has benefited
:06:22. > :06:26.from that multicultural input in every league. Today the man who
:06:27. > :06:32.changed football sits on the sidelines. Fool 's errand paradise
:06:33. > :06:40.and wise ones are in hell. That was the case with the Bosman ruling.
:06:41. > :06:46.Everybody benefited except me. If someday summary remembers me, I will
:06:47. > :06:50.give them my bank details. Football remembers Bosman the concept, not
:06:51. > :06:55.Bosman the man. But it would not be the same sport without him.
:06:56. > :06:59.Very interesting. Let's effect on a game wrapping up this time
:07:00. > :07:05.yesterday. The school was an extraordinary 2-1 to Leicester City
:07:06. > :07:17.over Chelsea. -- the score. The fallout continues. This is what Jose
:07:18. > :07:20.Mourinho said after the game. That word betrayed, you do not hear
:07:21. > :07:26.it often from managers when they are talking about their players. Lee
:07:27. > :07:31.Foster, an extraordinary comment. I guess he is running out of options.
:07:32. > :07:38.The carrot, the Stig, none of it seems to be working? No. The ninth
:07:39. > :07:43.defeat that was for the champions. Only one point above the relegation
:07:44. > :07:48.zone, 20 points behind Leicester City, leading the Premier League.
:07:49. > :07:53.Little Leicester City. The word betrayed is a strong one. He said
:07:54. > :07:57.his work was betrayed. He said he put four days work into this game,
:07:58. > :08:04.told his players exactly where Leicester's strengths work, Jamie
:08:05. > :08:12.Vardy and Riyadh Mahrez, the goal-scorers, and he said the
:08:13. > :08:15.players betrayed his work. A lot of talk there has been in recent months
:08:16. > :08:18.about whether he has lost the dressing room. Using that kind of
:08:19. > :08:24.word, you think this is dangerous territory. There was a question and
:08:25. > :08:29.answer session on Facebook today from Cesc Fabregas and Thierry
:08:30. > :08:36.Henry. This is what Cesc Fabregas had to say, the Chelsea midfielder.
:08:37. > :08:40.We all have to take responsibility. If you are a big player, you must
:08:41. > :08:46.play like a big player and behave like a big player. Even when it is
:08:47. > :08:50.not, the attitude has got to be right and the behaviour has to be
:08:51. > :08:54.better than what we are seeing right now from every single Chelsea
:08:55. > :08:59.player. They are taking some of the responsibility, but my word, they
:09:00. > :09:03.have to start turning things around because as we all know it is not
:09:04. > :09:11.players who are sacked. Thank you very much. Finally, I want to talk
:09:12. > :09:15.about an incident in the NBA. A referee has come out as day after he
:09:16. > :09:19.was verbally abused during a match. This is the man in question, Bill
:09:20. > :09:26.Kennedy, a respected veteran referee. This is the player for the
:09:27. > :09:29.Sacramento Kings who confronted Kennedy with homophobic insults
:09:30. > :09:39.after the referee had penalised in during a game. The player said his
:09:40. > :09:42.actions during the game were out of frustration and emotion. Not quite
:09:43. > :09:53.sure what that has to do with anything.
:09:54. > :10:00.I think he probably did mean to offend the referee. Kennedy said he
:10:01. > :10:05.was proud to be a referee and he was proud to be a gay man.
:10:06. > :10:09.Stay with us. In a couple of minutes we are going to be looking at issues
:10:10. > :10:13.of inequality around the world. I will be speaking to two men who have
:10:14. > :10:18.different ideas about the role of capitalism in creating problems and
:10:19. > :10:20.what it offers us in terms of solutions.
:10:21. > :10:25.We will see if they can agree on anything.
:10:26. > :10:31.The birth rate in England is rising so rapidly that almost a million
:10:32. > :10:36.places for secondary school pupils will have to be created over the
:10:37. > :10:37.next decade. Super-sized schools are being considered. Here's Branwen
:10:38. > :10:53.Jeffreys. A baby boom has created a demand for
:10:54. > :10:58.more school places in inland. Parents feel something really
:10:59. > :11:06.special would be lost. We will lose a lot of key parental involvement.
:11:07. > :11:11.Is it going to be any more competitive to be on the football
:11:12. > :11:16.team if you have four classes? What happens here is not yet decided.
:11:17. > :11:20.School sizes are booming. And with them, the debate about what that
:11:21. > :11:25.means for children. Easier seven Soward one of England's biggest
:11:26. > :11:31.schools. 16 forms of entry each year. More on this scale are planned
:11:32. > :11:32.by several councils. Finding your way is a challenge but pupils
:11:33. > :11:41.thought parents worry too much. like, dad, don't worry about it, it
:11:42. > :11:49.may be a big school but I will make friends. You learn to find your way
:11:50. > :11:54.through. You are old enough to realise your way around. That
:11:55. > :12:02.includes navigating the queue at lunch. When this school opened in
:12:03. > :12:07.1964 with 1500 pupils, it was one of the biggest in England. Now there
:12:08. > :12:12.are more than 2500. Just to give you an idea of the scale, this dining
:12:13. > :12:17.room serves up 6000 lunches every single week. The choice of subjects
:12:18. > :12:23.is a reflection of the school size. From hairdressing to three modern
:12:24. > :12:29.languages, all taught by specialist teachers. There is not much evidence
:12:30. > :12:34.school size makes academic results any worse. How do you create a
:12:35. > :12:37.community with good discipline? To through a strong pastoral system,
:12:38. > :12:42.having clear expectations about standards and what we believe except
:12:43. > :12:46.and not accept. Through working with youngsters through that system to
:12:47. > :12:49.make sure they understand. More super-sized schools are on the
:12:50. > :12:50.horizon. Some parents will still prefer
:12:51. > :13:10.small. Welcome back. Our lead story remains
:13:11. > :13:15.the situation in Los Angeles were more than a thousand schools have
:13:16. > :13:19.been shot. It is to do with an unspecified threat. New York
:13:20. > :13:26.officials say they received the same threat and considered it a hoax. Now
:13:27. > :13:30.they say in Los Angeles they may increasingly see it as a thread as
:13:31. > :13:37.well. Coming up after words outside of the UK, we look ahead to the next
:13:38. > :13:41.Republican debate in the United States. Donald Trump's Commons on
:13:42. > :13:46.Muslims likely to be a talking point. The news at ten in the UK
:13:47. > :13:53.will have more on what has been a successful day for astronaut Tim
:13:54. > :13:59.Peake. They will be live from the place in Kazakhstan where Tim Peake
:14:00. > :14:04.took off. Over the conference has been going
:14:05. > :14:09.on in London this week organised by UCL. It is about capitalism and
:14:10. > :14:12.whether it is sustainable. If there might be alternatives to it. How
:14:13. > :14:17.capitalism functions is at the heart of a lot of the stories we cover. We
:14:18. > :14:23.thought we would take a few minutes to explore this idea. We have
:14:24. > :14:31.invited two of those attending, Liam Halligan, an economist, and another
:14:32. > :14:37.economist from Moscow. I guess discussions about capitalism often
:14:38. > :14:42.focus on equality. We have three graphs to show you. This is a share
:14:43. > :14:47.of the US national income. It is almost as high as it has ever been.
:14:48. > :14:52.The second graph looks at the decline of the US middle class. You
:14:53. > :14:55.may have seen a lot written about this in recent weeks. You can see
:14:56. > :15:03.the amount of money are middle class has it reducing. This looks at the
:15:04. > :15:09.rate at which the global level of poverty has fallen. Once statistic
:15:10. > :15:14.is that world poverty fell by 80% between 1970 and 2006. Statistics
:15:15. > :15:22.will only get us so far. Let's talk to our guests. Thank you for coming.
:15:23. > :15:25.When you consider the idea of wealth redistribution addressing
:15:26. > :15:29.inequality, do you think we are on to the best system? I think
:15:30. > :15:34.capitalism is the worst possible way of organising society apart from all
:15:35. > :15:37.the other ones. It is clear from your graphics that even though
:15:38. > :15:43.capitalism has been very successful as it has spread around the world
:15:44. > :15:46.and lifting people out of poverty, literally hundreds of millions of
:15:47. > :15:51.people have been lifted out of poverty in the last ten to 15 years
:15:52. > :15:54.as we have had globalisation, there has been less inequality between
:15:55. > :15:59.countries now as a result of capitalism. Clearly in the Western
:16:00. > :16:04.world capitalism is in crisis. You have got a squeezed middle class,
:16:05. > :16:11.lower social mobility and consent for capitalism falling. But it is
:16:12. > :16:19.better than anything else? I would agree with Liam. It seems that
:16:20. > :16:26.nowadays capitalism does not operate appropriately. Despite the
:16:27. > :16:32.impressive increase in poverty reduction relative to the 1970s,
:16:33. > :16:41.today there is a deficiency of aggregate demand. That is producing
:16:42. > :16:44.a crisis. You both know a lot about Russia. Can we learn any lessons
:16:45. > :16:51.about what is happening with the Russian economy, how it started to
:16:52. > :16:54.embrace capitalism? I lived in Russia during the heady days of the
:16:55. > :17:00.early to mid 90s. You were there as well. Of course, it was a terrible
:17:01. > :17:04.transition. A lot of people were vulnerable. I would say that most
:17:05. > :17:09.Russians, if you talk to them, there are winners and losers. Most
:17:10. > :17:14.Russians would say that the current system, despite its successors,
:17:15. > :17:20.despite the oligarchs, life in general for the median person is
:17:21. > :17:25.better. You can be an entrepreneur. There is more food. It is not quite
:17:26. > :17:28.as we would like it in the West but for a lot of Russian people they
:17:29. > :17:37.have a better life than did their grandparents. I think that is very
:17:38. > :17:42.disputable in Russia. Nostalgia for the Soviet system is growing, not
:17:43. > :17:50.only in Russia but in former Soviet republics. The main lesson is that
:17:51. > :17:56.under investing Manufacturing, and relying on extraction of oil and the
:17:57. > :18:00.proceeds of oil from the world market, Russia became very
:18:01. > :18:03.vulnerable. That is revealed by the current economic crisis and Russia
:18:04. > :18:10.sanctions. I am not overly inspired by your message on Russia. That at
:18:11. > :18:15.least it is a little bit better than when it was really bad. Shouldn't we
:18:16. > :18:22.be aiming some -- for something higher? What has happened in Russia
:18:23. > :18:25.in the last 20 years, let's say 100 years of Western history has been
:18:26. > :18:29.compressed. You have had history on fast forward in Russia. If you look
:18:30. > :18:40.at the income distribution, even at the top of society you have a gilded
:18:41. > :18:45.elite, the oligarchs, the klepto cracks -- GDP per head has gone up
:18:46. > :18:50.compared to the bad old days. Even Western statistics, if you look at
:18:51. > :18:57.the coefficient, the Genie coefficient, the main measure of
:18:58. > :19:01.inequality, it is roughly where it is now in Russia to where it is in
:19:02. > :19:06.the US. It is not quite as unequal as it looks in the news bulletins.
:19:07. > :19:12.Couple of other issues want to raise with you watching. It is about the
:19:13. > :19:15.governments that people around the world are choosing and what that
:19:16. > :19:20.tells us about attitudes towards capitalism. Let's begin with the
:19:21. > :19:24.example of Venezuela. Really significant parliamentary elections
:19:25. > :19:28.in recent weeks. The centre-right opposition won control of
:19:29. > :19:32.parliament, something they have not had for almost two Becketts, because
:19:33. > :19:39.the socialist movement has been in control. Not any more. In the UK,
:19:40. > :19:43.early in the year the Conservatives won a full majority in the House of
:19:44. > :19:50.Commons. We switch from the UK to Greece. This is a different example.
:19:51. > :20:04.They -- at the beginning of the year Sira is won, a left-wing party. --
:20:05. > :20:08.Syriza. But the Prime Minister says about his attitudes towards a sturdy
:20:09. > :20:13.don't match up to what he promised. The Leader of the Opposition here in
:20:14. > :20:16.the UK, leader of the Labour Party, Jeremy Corbyn, a man who proudly
:20:17. > :20:20.calls himself a socialist and is far to the left of his predecessors,
:20:21. > :20:26.Gordon Brown and Tony Blair. What can we learn about this? When you
:20:27. > :20:33.look at elections around the world, do you see people turning away from
:20:34. > :20:40.capitalism? I think yes. It is a clear manifestation of the failure
:20:41. > :20:46.to live up to the expectations of people. It is obviously -- obviously
:20:47. > :20:52.-- obvious that the austerity approach is not the solution to the
:20:53. > :20:57.problems. Is it obvious? George Osborne would say austerity is
:20:58. > :21:06.working. People from the ruling elite will, of course, argue that.
:21:07. > :21:10.But why did people vote for Jeremy Corbyn in the Labour Party? The
:21:11. > :21:14.Labour Party votes for Jeremy Corbyn. Whether he can win the
:21:15. > :21:18.support of the country, we have to wait. Jeremy Corbyn is a media
:21:19. > :21:22.phenomenon. Within the Labour Party lots of people voted for him. He has
:21:23. > :21:30.the lowest approval rating since Michael foot, Labour leader in the
:21:31. > :21:36.early 1980s. Venezuela is in trouble because the price of oil has gone
:21:37. > :21:39.from 70 books to almost 30. Venezuela is extremely dependent.
:21:40. > :21:46.90% of its exports depend on oil and gas. I think clearly, yes you do
:21:47. > :21:50.have a lot of difficulties. A lot of capitalist societies got in the lot
:21:51. > :21:53.of debt after the financial crisis. For that reason, governments in the
:21:54. > :21:57.West and the emerging markets are having to tighten their belts. When
:21:58. > :22:01.you get government 's tightening their belts and you have a
:22:02. > :22:05.democracy, people get upset. Do you think we need to be working for a
:22:06. > :22:18.different type of capitalism or do we need something different? Yes. I
:22:19. > :22:22.think we need to rein in the excesses of capitalism. That is the
:22:23. > :22:25.only way it can maintain consent and public support. And in the West
:22:26. > :22:38.certainly we are in danger of not raining it in a North in my view.
:22:39. > :22:43.Thank you for speaking to us. That is it for today's outside
:22:44. > :22:46.source. Thank you for watching. By bye-bye.