:00:11. > :00:13.Hello, I'm Ros Atkins, this is Outside Source.
:00:14. > :00:23.I'm not in the BBC Newsroom as I normally am. I'm in Johannesburg in
:00:24. > :00:27.South Africa. We have new graphics to allow me to pull together the
:00:28. > :00:32.elements of the main stories of the day. This time we can do it wherever
:00:33. > :00:35.we choose, which is a fantastic new facility we'll be using plenty over
:00:36. > :00:41.the next few months. It's 11. 30pm here. It's a cool evening after a
:00:42. > :00:48.hot afternoon and a furious storm a few hours ago. I was up at the main
:00:49. > :00:50.campus earlier, the main subject of conversation remains student
:00:51. > :00:56.protests, primarily three major ones last week in South Africa, which
:00:57. > :01:02.closed three campuses. Two have re-opened. One has closed
:01:03. > :01:07.indefinitely. This has reignited the questions about why there are so
:01:08. > :01:11.many protests and the degree to which university management and the
:01:12. > :01:15.government will listen. We will cover the other main stories. We
:01:16. > :01:23.look at Super Tuesday, which is playing out in the US in 11 states
:01:24. > :01:26.with massive amounts at stake. We also talk about Calais, the camp
:01:27. > :01:27.there being cleared for the second day by the French
:01:28. > :01:50.thordsment -- French authorities. If you have any questions here BBC
:01:51. > :01:57.OS is the har tag. Or get me at BBC Ross Atkins. Let's show you where we
:01:58. > :02:02.are. Here is Johannesburg, the biggest city by far by altitude.
:02:03. > :02:06.There was nothing here, if you go to the middle of the 19th century. Then
:02:07. > :02:10.gold was discovered. If we drill gold was discovered. If we drill
:02:11. > :02:18.right in, you get the impression of how this university is positioned
:02:19. > :02:22.right in town. We are going to concentrate not so much at what the
:02:23. > :02:24.happening at Wits in the past couple of weeks, but what's happening at
:02:25. > :02:34.three other locations. North Western University in Mahikeng
:02:35. > :02:37.has been closed indefinitely and all students sent home,
:02:38. > :02:45.after several buildings Violent exchanges between Stuart
:02:46. > :02:48.forces and protesters. A number of people were injured in
:02:49. > :02:56.that. That was about the use of Afrikaans
:02:57. > :03:04.in university. That same issue has been playing out in Pretoria.
:03:05. > :03:09.And in Bloemfontein protesters who interrupted a rugby match
:03:10. > :03:17.White student who were watching the game came onto the pitch too.
:03:18. > :03:20.Violent, shocking scenes played out as they did in Bloemfontein in the
:03:21. > :03:26.You look at this and you get the evening as well.
:03:27. > :03:30.You look at this and you get the impression that this is a powder keg
:03:31. > :03:37.that race relations are undermining South Africa's progress. This is
:03:38. > :03:40.interesting. A new survey, conducted bit South African Institute of Race
:03:41. > :03:41.Relations because of these student protests has produced a number of
:03:42. > :03:45.interesting statistics. 76.2% of South Africans feel race
:03:46. > :03:48.relations have stayed the same That's in line with the fact that
:03:49. > :03:53.85.4% of South Africans agree that different race groups
:03:54. > :04:03.need each other. Over 90% of South Africans say they
:04:04. > :04:08.would be happy to have their children taught by someone of a
:04:09. > :04:15.different race. Let's speak to one of the people behind this report.
:04:16. > :04:18.You've been helping me all day gather statistics on this story.
:04:19. > :04:21.Thank you very much indeed. People might be surprise today they look at
:04:22. > :04:25.South Africa from the outside and see the stories that make headlines
:04:26. > :04:28.they might think this was a country with a severe race relations
:04:29. > :04:34.problem. Well, yes. We were surprised ourselves. We commissioned
:04:35. > :04:38.this research through an independent company in December last year. They
:04:39. > :04:42.delivered it to us this year. We took two looks and thought, gosh,
:04:43. > :04:47.because what they found was that your silent majority, the majority
:04:48. > :04:51.of South Africans are more worried about the high unemployment, 65%
:04:52. > :04:55.youth unemployment, they're worried about the economy, that is growing
:04:56. > :05:00.extremely slowly. They're worried about these things long before they
:05:01. > :05:04.worry about race. About 76% of the people asked said they felt race
:05:05. > :05:10.relations had either improved or stayed the same since 1994. Were you
:05:11. > :05:20.surprised by the survey? No, not at all. I think the discussions between
:05:21. > :05:27.- sorry... Go on. I think for me, what becomes important is to
:05:28. > :05:33.understand that their social disposition is a product of South
:05:34. > :05:37.Africa's race relations. For me, the survey itself as an independent
:05:38. > :05:42.researcher myself at Wits is problematic in how it's framed.
:05:43. > :05:47.Because it looks at race as a big elephant, while race is not just
:05:48. > :05:50.skin colour, but it's also determines your social disposition.
:05:51. > :05:54.We were chatting about this before we came on air, that actually we
:05:55. > :05:57.can't talk about race without talking about class in South
:05:58. > :06:02.Africament Very true. -- South Africa. Very true. Having lived
:06:03. > :06:09.abroad, when you come back to South Africa, you see that every facet of
:06:10. > :06:13.societial problem here has a link to race. There are a lot of problems in
:06:14. > :06:18.other countries, particularly in Africa, which are pretty much the
:06:19. > :06:21.same as they are here, but they don't have the apartheid history and
:06:22. > :06:25.therefore there's no racial connotation to it. Our view is that
:06:26. > :06:28.because of our history and our absolutely awful history the prism
:06:29. > :06:34.that people see their frustrations through is one of race. But we've
:06:35. > :06:38.always said that the economy, empowering people we should not lose
:06:39. > :06:44.sight of that either and that people will feel happier if those things
:06:45. > :06:47.improve as well. The point from the EFF was making, was look, I don't
:06:48. > :06:50.want to talk about race all the time but I've got to because this is the
:06:51. > :06:58.reality of South Africa. Would you agree with that? I do agree with
:06:59. > :07:02.that. Often times we tend to look at race exclusively. As it has been
:07:03. > :07:06.stated, race in South Africa cannot be divorced from class. The reason
:07:07. > :07:11.why students are protesting and making it about race issue is
:07:12. > :07:15.because the group of people that are being disenfranchised in South
:07:16. > :07:21.Africa tend to be black people. Because they come from a lower
:07:22. > :07:27.social class. I do tend to get where the race relations is coming from,
:07:28. > :07:32.but you can't say that people tend to think about social matters before
:07:33. > :07:36.they think of race. One last question, there are two types of
:07:37. > :07:39.race relations. There's the race relations where groups of people get
:07:40. > :07:43.along with each other and live in parallel. But there's the race
:07:44. > :07:48.relations where they integrate and interweave their lives. Which are we
:07:49. > :07:52.seeing here in South Africa? There is integration, but we have to agrow
:07:53. > :07:56.there is data that we see, for example, especially in education,
:07:57. > :08:00.where you do see that young black South Africans are still completely
:08:01. > :08:07.disenfranchised. We look at our results and we see that 83% of young
:08:08. > :08:14.white South African that's write maths at A-level, grade 12 will pass
:08:15. > :08:18.at 40%, whereas only about 28. 5% of young black South Africans will pass
:08:19. > :08:22.at over 40%. That doesn't mean they don't have the potential. It means
:08:23. > :08:25.they are disenfranchised. Their schools aren't resourced well enough
:08:26. > :08:30.and so forth. We see race issues there. But we believe that we need
:08:31. > :08:35.to empower educationally and things will get better. Thanks for coming
:08:36. > :08:39.out so late. I know you've had a long day because this report has
:08:40. > :08:44.just come out. We're live in Wits business school. We're in this
:08:45. > :08:48.beautiful courtyard, close to midnight here. We're talking about
:08:49. > :08:52.the student protests. Let's turn away from that and to the biggest
:08:53. > :08:56.story today, super Tuesday. 11 states making their selections on
:08:57. > :08:59.who they want, the Republican and Democratic nominee to be for the
:09:00. > :09:03.presidential election. One of the big states that always goes to the
:09:04. > :09:07.Republicans, Texas is choosing today. Hugely important for Donald
:09:08. > :09:14.Trump, Ted Cruz and Marco Rubio and James Cook is there.
:09:15. > :09:17.In Houston, it is the biggest show in town, not Super Tuesday
:09:18. > :09:19.but the annual livestock fair and rodeo.
:09:20. > :09:22.They have come to Texas from all over the US for this event
:09:23. > :09:25.and when it comes to politics, folk here like everyone else
:09:26. > :09:28.Donald Trump is stating exactly what this country needs
:09:29. > :09:31.and what this country needs is a leader in business and not
:09:32. > :09:36.I don't really care for Trump because I feel he attacks people
:09:37. > :09:42.I believe he is trying to point out other people's flaws and not focus
:09:43. > :09:48.It's kind of crazy right now, but if I can go ahead and say,
:09:49. > :09:51.I just like Trump and what he stands for.
:09:52. > :10:03.I think he is the best man and whatever he tells you,
:10:04. > :10:10.In 11 states, Democrats and Republicans are doing just that
:10:11. > :10:13.today, picking the person they want to stand for president.
:10:14. > :10:15.Here in Texas there are local elections too,
:10:16. > :10:18.but in the White House race the votes will be counted,
:10:19. > :10:20.shared among the candidates and then turned into delegates
:10:21. > :10:23.who will confirm their choice at party conventions in the summer.
:10:24. > :10:26.For everyone involved in the presidential race,
:10:27. > :10:32.Here in Texas there is particular pressure on Ted Cruz.
:10:33. > :10:35.If he loses here, his campaign will be in real trouble.
:10:36. > :10:39.Polls suggest the Texas senator is on course for victory
:10:40. > :10:47.Almost everywhere else though, Donald Trump is the favourite.
:10:48. > :10:51.Today he campaigned in Ohio, which votes in a fortnight.
:10:52. > :10:55.Believe me, folks, illegal immigration has turned out to be one
:10:56. > :10:59.of the really big factors in this entire campaign.
:11:00. > :11:03.You would not even be talking about it, hearing about it
:11:04. > :11:09.As for the Democrats, Bernie Sanders' left-wing challenge
:11:10. > :11:12.to Hillary Clinton seems to be fading.
:11:13. > :11:14.Secretary Clinton stands out in a very positive way.
:11:15. > :11:18.Mr Trump is an embarrassment to our country.
:11:19. > :11:21.Bernie Sanders makes the most sense and he has the most experience
:11:22. > :11:25.and he is really making a change for America.
:11:26. > :11:28.The presidential election is not even until November,
:11:29. > :11:38.but already it feels like make or break.
:11:39. > :11:46.Welcome back to the Wits business school. We're primarily focussing on
:11:47. > :11:48.the student protests, but we're talking about migration in ten
:11:49. > :11:53.minutes and look at the experience of some of the many people who come
:11:54. > :11:54.to Johannesburg to either escape conflicts or to better themselves
:11:55. > :12:04.economically. One of the main stories here in the
:12:05. > :12:11.UK: The only remaining suspect
:12:12. > :12:13.in the Omagh bombing has been released from jail -
:12:14. > :12:16.just hours after the case Prosecutors said there was no
:12:17. > :12:20.reasonable prospect of convicting Seamus Daly because of
:12:21. > :12:23.inconsistencies in the evidence Mr Daly was successfully sued
:12:24. > :12:28.in a civil case by some relatives of the victims but has always denied
:12:29. > :12:38.any involvement in the Real IRA This summer will mark 18 years since
:12:39. > :12:45.an explosion tore homa and families here apart. It was a bombing that
:12:46. > :12:48.took more lives than any other single attack, during years when
:12:49. > :13:00.violence seemed all too common in Northern Ireland. A time not just of
:13:01. > :13:07.TRBLs, but dreadful -- dreadful grief.
:13:08. > :13:13.court to see the case collapse. court to see the case collapse.
:13:14. > :13:20.In a civil prosecution taken by some of the families, Tess Daley was one
:13:21. > :13:25.-- Sheamus Daly was one of a group of men accused of attack. Today the
:13:26. > :13:34.It is soul destroying. too weak to proceed with trial.
:13:35. > :13:36.You will notice there are not many families.
:13:37. > :13:41.Most families have given up on justice.
:13:42. > :13:47.In preliminary hearings held ahead of trial a witness' evidence was
:13:48. > :13:51.inconsistent. Prosecutors took the decision to drop the casement Our
:13:52. > :13:59.thoughts are obviously with the Omagh families and the 30 people
:14:00. > :14:05.that were murdered in Omagh in 1998. However, the prosecution against the
:14:06. > :14:10.defendant was based on a house of straw. I'd like to ask you some
:14:11. > :14:18.questions please about the Omagh bombing? In 2000, a BBC Panorama
:14:19. > :14:21.programme named Daly as a member of the gang responsible. However he has
:14:22. > :14:27.strongly denied playing any part of the bombing. In Omagh, there is a
:14:28. > :14:33.memorial garden to ensure people don't forget those who died and what
:14:34. > :14:35.happened here. It also serves as a reminder that no-one has ever been
:14:36. > :14:49.convicted of these murders. This is Outside Source live
:14:50. > :14:57.from the BBC newsroom. A few of you have been tweeting
:14:58. > :15:00.going, "Isn't it cold? It's not warm, but compared to London, this
:15:01. > :15:02.is fine. It's not too chilly to be sitting outside.
:15:03. > :15:13.The student protests and the fallout from them. They have happened for
:15:14. > :15:17.diverse reasons. But the core message is that students are not
:15:18. > :15:20.happy with university management and not happy with South Africa's
:15:21. > :15:23.government's approach to education and they want change. South Africa's
:15:24. > :15:26.very much discussing what kind of change the students should be
:15:27. > :15:32.offered. If you're watching outside the UK,
:15:33. > :15:36.after Outside Source, it's World News America and they'll be covering
:15:37. > :15:40.Super Tuesday. There will be coverage of new research into the
:15:41. > :15:43.Zika virus. One of the top scientists in the US says hundreds
:15:44. > :15:47.of thousands of people in Puerto Rico could be infected in the coming
:15:48. > :15:53.months. And the News At Ten is next in the
:15:54. > :15:57.UK. More on Barclays Bank shares which dropped sharply today after it
:15:58. > :16:00.reported a fall in profits. Barclays announced plans, a big story here in
:16:01. > :16:01.South Africa, to sell a controlling stake in the bank's Africa
:16:02. > :16:13.operations. In recent months we've spent so much
:16:14. > :16:16.talking about the number of migrants and refugees coming into Europe and
:16:17. > :16:19.the pressures that creates both on the people involved and on the
:16:20. > :16:25.countries receiving them. This is also a huge issue in a different way
:16:26. > :16:30.for South Africa. If we bring up the map here. South Africa is right at
:16:31. > :16:34.the bottom of the continent, one of the richest countries in Africa. As
:16:35. > :16:38.such it's an attractive destination for some who want to make more money
:16:39. > :16:41.than they're able to at home, but it is also a stable country and as
:16:42. > :16:46.such, it is also attractive for people who are fleeing conflicts. As
:16:47. > :16:52.a consequence, we can move the map on here, countries like Somalia,
:16:53. > :16:56.Malawi, Zimbabwe, and even as far afield as Pakistan see many
:16:57. > :17:01.hundreds, if not thousands, of people moving from their country to
:17:02. > :17:05.South Africa. Here are some of the statistics on migration.
:17:06. > :17:10.Official statistics say two million foreign nationals are living here.
:17:11. > :17:14.If you ask some others with informed opinions they'll say the figure
:17:15. > :17:18.could be as high as five million because many people come in
:17:19. > :17:22.illegally and as such aren't documented. It's worth bearing in
:17:23. > :17:27.mind the history to this story. In 2008, at least 62 people were killed
:17:28. > :17:32.in xenophobic attacks. While last year wasn't as serious as that,
:17:33. > :17:35.there was an uplift in xenophobic attacks in 2015, evidence that it is
:17:36. > :17:41.applying pressure to South African society. We asked the BBC's
:17:42. > :17:45.Christian Parkinson based here in Johannesburg to look into this issue
:17:46. > :18:01.for us. He went to look at the experiences of two people.
:18:02. > :18:11.I came to South Africa in 2001. I was looking for green pastures,
:18:12. > :18:16.because in Zimbabwe it's a credit controller. People started to be cut
:18:17. > :18:23.from the work. South Africa is very easy. You have chances. There's not
:18:24. > :18:25.pressure. It's very easy to make money, it's up to you how you focus
:18:26. > :18:37.the business. The money, it's up to you how you focus
:18:38. > :18:42.the business. most sell commodities which is not perishable. This is
:18:43. > :18:53.pawn shop. I sell anything which I get cheap. Here are tables and big
:18:54. > :19:00.piece of carpet I bring there. In 2008, I do experience. I was
:19:01. > :19:10.running a shop. It was a small shop. People have to get inside that shop.
:19:11. > :19:14.After that, they hate my husband. -- they hit my husband. His face was
:19:15. > :19:18.swollen. Even the child was running away from the father, not knowing it
:19:19. > :19:24.was his father because he was swollen. In 2011 they start shooting
:19:25. > :19:29.on me. They looking some money. Five, six bullets they shoot. Crime
:19:30. > :19:40.is everywhere, but now it's improving, it's better.
:19:41. > :19:45.I work here in South Africa. But my money is at home because I need to
:19:46. > :19:54.pay school fees for my children. This is my daughter. I miss her too
:19:55. > :20:02.much. But she knows that I love her. This is my boy. What I need for my
:20:03. > :20:07.children, it's a better life. Because I don't like them to see
:20:08. > :20:12.them in the streets. Dealing with the drugs. I need them to see them
:20:13. > :20:19.tomorrow being good people, in a good position. That's why I'm
:20:20. > :20:23.working hard so they must go to school in which way ever they like
:20:24. > :20:29.to reach. I find I'm very happy with my life. There's no problem for me.
:20:30. > :20:37.Even I'm here, I'm satisfied. I'm sitting like my own home. In the
:20:38. > :20:43.future, I don't think I've got two years in South Africa, or one year.
:20:44. > :20:55.I'm wishing to go back. What I've done, it's enough.
:20:56. > :21:01.As we've been saying, there are clearly many pressing and serious
:21:02. > :21:05.issues here in South Africa. A bit earlier we invited one of the
:21:06. > :21:10.country's top comedians to come and speak to me. We got caught up in a
:21:11. > :21:18.huge storm will we were talking. I wanted to know if comedy has a place
:21:19. > :21:23.in the national discourse. I think we help the bitter pill down. The
:21:24. > :21:26.way comedy is going right now in the country, shows how desperate people
:21:27. > :21:31.are for a good laugh. For a long time as comedians we got to do a lot
:21:32. > :21:35.of black people, white people that, coloured people, Indian, you know,
:21:36. > :21:38.as our material. Now a lot of our material is quite current. We're
:21:39. > :21:41.talking about the economy. We're talking about the concessions we
:21:42. > :21:47.have to make. We talk about the droughts and the, you know, saving
:21:48. > :21:52.water, versus saving electricity, versus saving the rhino. We're all
:21:53. > :21:56.frustrated. If you think that politics is bad, you're busy trying
:21:57. > :22:01.to save a rhino, you're thirsty but there isn't enough water. Should I
:22:02. > :22:05.get the water or save the rhino first? Poacher is also thirsty. Then
:22:06. > :22:09.let's get water and then we'll continue. Then you're saving
:22:10. > :22:15.electricity. You can't boil your water to clean it, it's very
:22:16. > :22:19.awkward. Are you feeling the pressure to live up to Trevor's
:22:20. > :22:22.spectacular achievements snrchlts not everybody has the American
:22:23. > :22:28.dream. That's true. I want pounds. I want to earn pounds. Pounds are
:22:29. > :22:32.stronger than the dollar any day. Anything other than the rand I will
:22:33. > :22:36.take. It's exciting. What is exciting about what he's done is
:22:37. > :22:39.he's gone - it's possible. He's literally gone, take your craft,
:22:40. > :22:48.you're going to find a niche and go with it. But it's he's a beautiful
:22:49. > :22:52.man. He's a phenomenal. Enom Nan. Women want him, men want him. How do
:22:53. > :22:56.you compete with that. It's exciting because in the world, gets to see
:22:57. > :23:01.that beyond Nelson Mandela there's so much more to South Africa. Thanks
:23:02. > :23:06.very much to her. We survived that storm. I wonder, close to midnight
:23:07. > :23:09.here, you're all involved in campaigning in some ways, are these
:23:10. > :23:15.issues so serious that you can't also laugh about them? To be honest,
:23:16. > :23:22.right now, everything is still fresh. But, I mean, I feel like in
:23:23. > :23:27.our different spaces wherever you are, you will have moments, not
:23:28. > :23:33.actually laughing at the situation, but laughing at certain individuals'
:23:34. > :23:37.reactions. I mean, Education Minister, things that he doesn't
:23:38. > :23:41.want to interact with students and you're like, but you're here to deal
:23:42. > :23:46.with our issues and our demands, hence why are you not dealing with
:23:47. > :23:51.them. I think those situations you then begin to actually laugh, but
:23:52. > :23:56.you laugh on reflecting on them not necessarily the humour of it. For
:23:57. > :24:03.me, I think Winston Churchill said a joke is a very serious thing. For
:24:04. > :24:08.me, that's how I feel about it. I recently wrote a piece to be
:24:09. > :24:15.published about how oppressed people, because of the system, the
:24:16. > :24:19.most depressed human beings on the planet, and therefore, for me, a
:24:20. > :24:22.joke, if someone is making a joke, there has to be issues of
:24:23. > :24:27.positionality as well. Who's making the joke? I cannot have a white
:24:28. > :24:37.comedian making a joke about my poverty, you know? You can't have a
:24:38. > :24:39.heterosexual person mocking queer poddies, positionality, who are you
:24:40. > :24:43.to make the joke, that's very important. We are out of time. To
:24:44. > :24:49.all of you here, other people there coming out, thank you very much.
:24:50. > :24:53.Thanks to all my production here in South Africa and the team back in
:24:54. > :24:57.London as well. OS is back in the BBC Newsroom tomorrow. But from all
:24:58. > :25:01.of us here in South Africa, thanks for staying up late with us. We
:25:02. > :25:04.appreciate your company. Speak to you soon, bye-bye.
:25:05. > :25:11.Hello. What a week it's been so far. We've had some real contrasting
:25:12. > :25:15.weather conditions - cold and frosty on Monday, mild and wet on Tuesday.
:25:16. > :25:16.Snow to come for