:00:16. > :00:17.Hello, I'm Ros Atkins, this is Outside Source.
:00:18. > :00:20.Let's look through some of the main stories here in the BBC Newsroom.
:00:21. > :00:22.We're just under 5 hours from the first debate featuring
:00:23. > :00:28.the polls are close, so there's a lot at stake.
:00:29. > :00:30.A convention looking at the trade in endangered animals
:00:31. > :00:35.The case of the African Pangolin has been highlighted -
:00:36. > :00:47.it's the most trafficked mammal in the world.
:00:48. > :00:53.The UN 's those conditions in Aleppo have reached new levels of horror.
:00:54. > :00:56.And Sir David Brailsford has been taking questions from the BBC
:00:57. > :01:18.on Sir Bradley Wiggins' use of steroid injections for asthma.
:01:19. > :01:21.There is a big gathering in South Africa looking
:01:22. > :01:25.at the protection of the world's most endangered species.
:01:26. > :01:28.To give it its full name this is The Convention
:01:29. > :01:31.on International Trade in Endangered Species,
:01:32. > :01:34.It's in Johannesburg, features representatives from more
:01:35. > :01:36.than 180 countries - and lasts 10 days.
:01:37. > :01:38.Elephants, lions, devil rays, rock geckos and others
:01:39. > :01:48.It's the most trafficked mammal in the world,
:01:49. > :01:50.and you probably don't even know its name.
:01:51. > :01:53.Pangolins are usually nocturnal and very shy.
:01:54. > :01:55.They only eat ants and termites, and the demand for their scales
:01:56. > :02:00.for traditional medicine is driving them towards extinction.
:02:01. > :02:03.Pangolin is the most endearing, mystical, unbelievable species
:02:04. > :02:07.of animal you will ever encounter in your life.
:02:08. > :02:09.Asians, they use these scales for a multiple range of purposes,
:02:10. > :02:14.from cancer to swelling to arthritis.
:02:15. > :02:18.They use the pangolin body, they put it in wine and they pickle the body.
:02:19. > :02:22.There's a whole array of different things.
:02:23. > :02:25.And so it's hoped the Convention on International Trade
:02:26. > :02:26.in Endangered Species, or CITES, will step
:02:27. > :02:34.Elephants are also being hit incredibly hard
:02:35. > :02:41.And, again, Asia is the main market for their ivory.
:02:42. > :02:44.30% of Africa's elephants have been lost in seven years.
:02:45. > :02:51.But conservationists are divided about what to do.
:02:52. > :02:55.Zimbabwe and Namibia want to sell their stores of ivory
:02:56. > :02:58.to raise money for conservation, but their proposal is unlikely
:02:59. > :03:06.Kenya made its position very clear earlier this year, when it set more
:03:07. > :03:10.than 100 tons of ivory alight, saying it's worth nothing
:03:11. > :03:17.This is all that's left now of the ivory that was burnt.
:03:18. > :03:21.But it is a technique Kenya has used before.
:03:22. > :03:23.This much smaller pile dates back to 1989,
:03:24. > :03:31.It's the first time this was done and it sends a very strong signal
:03:32. > :03:35.Sales of ivory from some of our southern African brothers has
:03:36. > :03:40.resulted in an increased demand for ivory across-the-board.
:03:41. > :03:46.Their horns are worth more than twice their weight in gold
:03:47. > :03:52.Swaziland's proposal to open up sales is unlikely to pass.
:03:53. > :03:55.Most countries believe the best way to save the animals is stop trade
:03:56. > :03:59.and destroy the market in countries like China and Vietnam.
:04:00. > :04:03.It is not just about protecting African wildlife, of course.
:04:04. > :04:06.Over the next ten days, trees, plants, reptiles and sea creatures
:04:07. > :04:09.from across the world will all be discussed, and more
:04:10. > :04:29.That report is online and on the BBC News website and app.
:04:30. > :04:32.You may have been following the furore around Sir Bradley Wiggins -
:04:33. > :04:35.and asthma medication he took ahead of his Tour de France
:04:36. > :04:44.He had permission to have the injection -
:04:45. > :04:47.in fact he had one on two other occasions as well.
:04:48. > :04:52.The question is whether he did so to get a performance advantage.
:04:53. > :04:55.He says no - but we've all wanted to hear from the head
:04:56. > :04:59.of the Team Sky cycling team who Wiggins raced for.
:05:00. > :05:01.Now we have - here's Sir David Brailsford with
:05:02. > :05:08.They are two of sport's most successful figures.
:05:09. > :05:11.Sir Dave Brailsford, mastermind of Britain's cycling revolution,
:05:12. > :05:14.and Sir Bradley Wiggins, the country's most decorated
:05:15. > :05:18.Olympian, but suddenly both find their reputations on the line.
:05:19. > :05:22.Two weeks ago Russian hackers revealed Wiggins' use
:05:23. > :05:25.of steroid injections in the build-up to big races.
:05:26. > :05:29.The drugs were permitted under TUEs, or therapeutic use exemptions,
:05:30. > :05:33.allowing banned treatments for a valid medical reason.
:05:34. > :05:36.Wiggins defended himself yesterday, insisting he took
:05:37. > :05:39.the drug for his asthma and today his former boss
:05:40. > :05:41.at Team Sky finally broke his silence, Brailsford telling me
:05:42. > :05:49.Do you not think, on reflection, that was a mistake?
:05:50. > :05:52.No, I don't think it was a mistake because if you have an expert
:05:53. > :05:54.telling you it's right, the right medication to take
:05:55. > :05:57.and it is recommended by an expert and a doctor
:05:58. > :05:58.and the process, and the anti-doping authorities
:05:59. > :06:01.also agree with that, I think, I don't see why at that moment
:06:02. > :06:05.in time I would disagree and say no, I don't agree with all of this.
:06:06. > :06:09.We are not using it to enhance performance, it is for a medical
:06:10. > :06:15.While there is no suggestion Sky or Wiggins broke any rules,
:06:16. > :06:19.experts and cyclists have questioned the use
:06:20. > :06:22.and timings of such a powerful steroid.
:06:23. > :06:29.Others have asked why, if Bradley Wiggins was ill enough
:06:30. > :06:32.to need it before the 2012 Tour de France win, he said
:06:33. > :06:35.he was in good health at that time in his autobiography.
:06:36. > :06:38.With the information that I had at the time,
:06:39. > :06:40.five or six years ago, at that moment in time,
:06:41. > :06:42.with the information that was presented to me
:06:43. > :06:45.and the expert opinion and the whole process, I would make
:06:46. > :06:49.So you don't feel you've crossed that thin blue line
:06:50. > :06:51.which was the cornerstone of the team's foundation?
:06:52. > :06:59.The one mantra - you can ask anyone in this team,
:07:00. > :07:03.we absolutely, absolutely there is no crossing that line.
:07:04. > :07:07.You claim to be whiter than white, but are you in a grey area, perhaps?
:07:08. > :07:09.That's a fair question as there is obviously a debate
:07:10. > :07:15.Team Sky have emphasised their zero tolerance approach to doping
:07:16. > :07:18.and have faced a barrage of criticism, and Brailsford admits
:07:19. > :07:22.they are now rethinking the policies on such medication.
:07:23. > :07:24.Certainly, going forward, I think there is a broader debate
:07:25. > :07:28.within the whole TUE, the authorities and ourselves
:07:29. > :07:37.included, that should any TUE be made public in the future?
:07:38. > :07:39.And I think that's what we should be doing.
:07:40. > :07:41.Certainly, we're looking at it as a policy.
:07:42. > :07:43.Amid unprecedented scrutiny Brailsford will hope that
:07:44. > :07:45.having come out fighting, the pressure on him,
:07:46. > :07:48.his team and Wiggins will finally ease, but the debate over
:07:49. > :07:51.what sports deems ethical and fair will continue.
:07:52. > :08:08.Fifa raised a few eyebrows today. It is shutting the cup forced it
:08:09. > :08:19.started to stop racism. Fifa's Secretary General says
:08:20. > :08:28.it's achieved its goals. The task force came up with strong
:08:29. > :08:34.recommendations and Fifa is acting with those. Olly Foster is that the
:08:35. > :08:44.BBC sports Centre. Fifa is not saying racial discrimination is
:08:45. > :08:47.dealt with as an issue? They are not saying they have completely stamped
:08:48. > :08:49.it out. They say it was put together to work out what the problems were
:08:50. > :09:03.and the new general secretary there, she is not long in the
:09:04. > :09:07.job, she says their work is done and there is now a programme in place
:09:08. > :09:10.with how they look to deal with discrimination going forward, and
:09:11. > :09:11.they will be firm. But a lot of criticism from various antiracism
:09:12. > :09:15.groups and discrimination groups around the globe saying my word, the
:09:16. > :09:19.work has really only just started. It had a troubled existence, that
:09:20. > :09:27.these are task force. Geoffrey Webb was put in charge of it. He was a
:09:28. > :09:29.former Fifa vice president who was caught in the heart of all that
:09:30. > :09:34.corruption scandal involving Sepp Blatter. He was arrested as part of
:09:35. > :09:46.the American investigation. It has not had a great three years since
:09:47. > :09:50.it was formed. Prince Ali bin Hussein from Jordan, a former vice
:09:51. > :09:53.president who was in the running to take over as well, he has said it is
:09:54. > :10:01.ridiculous what they have done, and the reality is within many
:10:02. > :10:04.programmes within Fifa is the task force was never given real support
:10:05. > :10:07.since its conception. The role was more about Fifa's image than
:10:08. > :10:19.tackling the issues. He says it was just a cosmetic exercise.
:10:20. > :10:22.Kick It Out, a British group, they say that discrimination is on the
:10:23. > :10:25.rise, not just within the UK but over 400 incidents reported last
:10:26. > :10:37.year. They say where the World Cup is going next year, Russia, and they
:10:38. > :10:40.have real issues there. There is a real worry about white Fifa have
:10:41. > :10:45.shut down this antiracism task force. Thank you. In a little while
:10:46. > :10:57.on Outside Source, we will turn to another sports
:10:58. > :11:01.story. The sad news that Arnold Palmer has died. He was in his late
:11:02. > :11:05.80s. He was one of the greats of golf in any era. We will look back
:11:06. > :11:06.on his life and hear some of the tributes.
:11:07. > :11:08.The roller coaster accident at Alton Towers last summer,
:11:09. > :11:10.was the fault of the operator Merlin Attractions,
:11:11. > :11:14.Two teenagers had legs amputated following the crash on The Smiler,
:11:15. > :11:21.while several others were seriously injured.
:11:22. > :11:28.Footage of the crash has been released. Since then, a number of
:11:29. > :11:31.safety changes have been made. The ride's operators now face a fine
:11:32. > :11:35.of several million pounds. Police investigating
:11:36. > :11:36.the disappearance of the toddler Ben Needham, who vanished 25 years
:11:37. > :11:39.ago, have begun excavation work at Ben was 21 months old when he was
:11:40. > :11:44.last seen, and officers believe he may have been accidentally
:11:45. > :11:47.run over by a bulldozer Behind blue and white
:11:48. > :12:01.British police tape, a corner of a Greek island
:12:02. > :12:03.is cordoned off. This is the house where Ben Needham
:12:04. > :12:06.was last seen alive. Officers now believe he could have
:12:07. > :12:08.been accidentally run over and buried by a bulldozer
:12:09. > :12:11.here on the day he vanished in 1991. It's got to be said,
:12:12. > :12:14.I'm optimistic that we may find something of significance that's
:12:15. > :12:16.going to assist us in giving The senior officer here is hopeful
:12:17. > :12:21.that this mystery could finally be Every item that we find
:12:22. > :12:24.is going to be meticulously looked at, and made sure
:12:25. > :12:27.that it is either something The earth is going to be lifted,
:12:28. > :12:32.it's going to be gone through in finite detail,
:12:33. > :12:34.just to make sure that we Ben Needham was 21 months
:12:35. > :12:39.old when he vanished in Kos. His family has always believed
:12:40. > :12:45.he was abducted and is still alive. But his family has now been told
:12:46. > :12:48.to prepare for the worst. Specialist officers are expected
:12:49. > :12:51.to dig in this olive grove and an adjoining
:12:52. > :12:55.field for up to 12 days, looking for any trace of the little
:12:56. > :12:59.boy last seen playing outside this Another search here four years ago
:13:00. > :13:06.brought his traumatised mother I will never give up,
:13:07. > :13:12.and we will do whatever it takes to find Ben,
:13:13. > :13:15.and let him know the And if nothing is found here,
:13:16. > :13:26.Ben Needham's family will forever be wondering what happened
:13:27. > :13:39.to their little boy. This is Outside Source live
:13:40. > :13:43.from the BBC newsroom. Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump
:13:44. > :13:45.are making final preparations for the first of three US
:13:46. > :14:10.Presidential election debates - We knew it would calm. Russia has
:14:11. > :14:12.been reacting angrily to claims they have been committing war crimes in
:14:13. > :14:44.Syria. After five years of conflict, you
:14:45. > :14:46.might expect the sick bloodlust against it and people have finally
:14:47. > :14:49.run its course, but this weekend, the regime in Russia have instead
:14:50. > :14:51.plunged to new depths. In short, it is difficult to deny that Russia is
:14:52. > :14:54.partnering with the Syrian regime to carry out war crimes. Russia would
:14:55. > :15:03.have this council live in upside down land, where bombing Ed and
:15:04. > :15:05.supporting a murderous regime is billed as counterterrorism. What
:15:06. > :15:07.Russia is doing is not counterterrorism, it is barbarism.
:15:08. > :15:10.The UK, US and French ambassadors actually ended up walking out
:15:11. > :15:13.This was the Kremlin's response: "the tone and rhetoric used
:15:14. > :15:16.by official representatives from the UK and US is generally
:15:17. > :15:18.unacceptable and it can seriously damage the settlement
:15:19. > :15:27.process and our bilateral relations."
:15:28. > :15:33.They mean the work to deliver a ceasefire which holds in Syria.
:15:34. > :15:35.While the diplomacy plays out - so does the war.
:15:36. > :15:38.Since the ceasefire collapsed last week, at least 128 people have died
:15:39. > :15:43.Better news is that humanitarian aid has finally reached
:15:44. > :15:51.And these towns just outside of Damascus.
:15:52. > :15:58.They hadn't received anything for six months.
:15:59. > :16:01.The BBC's Panorama programme has been following the lives
:16:02. > :16:04.This report from Quentin Somerville contains some of what it's seen.
:16:05. > :16:13.I should say some of you may find those images distressing.
:16:14. > :16:19.Aleppo has never been more overwhelmed.
:16:20. > :16:22.At Al-Quds Hospital, the wounded lie in corridors,
:16:23. > :16:24.there aren't any beds, they are fast running out
:16:25. > :16:29.Four days of relentless Russian and Syrian bombing
:16:30. > :16:38.The bombs are bigger and the air raids more intensive now.
:16:39. > :16:42.61 children were admitted to city hospitals overnight.
:16:43. > :16:48.In one, five died at the weekend because there were no ventilators.
:16:49. > :16:56.The BBC's Panorama has been following Ismail, a rescue worker.
:16:57. > :17:00.The regime dropped two barrel bombs here.
:17:01. > :17:20.Aleppo has had no time to catch its breath, and here there
:17:21. > :17:42.Sometimes, I got feeling that I'm living the last days of my life.
:17:43. > :17:48.Aleppo is burning, without any mercy, killing everything.
:17:49. > :17:54.Strong words are being used to describe what is happening here.
:17:55. > :17:57.But sometimes it's the quietest moments that reflect
:17:58. > :18:18.Mohammed Gennady calls for his son, Hassan.
:18:19. > :18:37.The family moved here five years ago.
:18:38. > :18:40.They never thought it would end like this.
:18:41. > :18:42.But then who could have predicted Aleppo's horrors?
:18:43. > :18:53.Quentin Somerville, BBC News, Beirut.
:18:54. > :18:57.Viewers in the UK can see the full Panorama program on the BBC iPlayer.
:18:58. > :19:00.If you're in Wales it'll be on BBC One at 10.40 pm tonight.
:19:01. > :19:03.If you're outside the UK - Aleppo: Life Under Siege will be
:19:04. > :19:08.on BBC World News this Saturday at 9:30 GMT.
:19:09. > :19:11.Francois Hollande has been in Calais today to address the ongoing issue
:19:12. > :19:25.TRANSLATION: I am determined to see the British authorities play their
:19:26. > :19:28.part in the humanitarian effort France is undertaking
:19:29. > :19:35.here and will continue to undertake in the future.
:19:36. > :19:38.Just because the United Kingdom has taken a sovereign decision
:19:39. > :19:40.doesn't mean the United Kingdom is relieved of its
:19:41. > :19:52.In Calais there is the migrant camp, known as the Jungle.
:19:53. > :19:54.Around 10,000 people live there - and many hope
:19:55. > :20:04.to reach the UK illegally by hiding in lorries.
:20:05. > :20:09.President Hollande wants this camp gone by the end of the year. Some
:20:10. > :20:25.people have raised their eyebrows at that statement because there is a
:20:26. > :20:28.presidential election at the end of the year. There is no doubt he is
:20:29. > :20:31.not performing well in the polls. He has to show he is addressing the big
:20:32. > :20:33.issues in France, one of those is the migrant crisis.
:20:34. > :20:36.Tributes have been pouring in all day for Arnold Palmer.
:20:37. > :20:40.He was one of the greats of golf - and in many ways
:20:41. > :20:59.Katie Gornall looks back on his life.
:21:00. > :21:05.Arnold Palmer, golfer, aviator, man of many parts.
:21:06. > :21:07.They said he could so capture the public,
:21:08. > :21:12.Arnold Palmer, the champion golfer whose charisma drew a legion of fans
:21:13. > :21:18.He won his first Major, the Masters, in 1958, and two years later,
:21:19. > :21:19.the television cameras followed.
:21:20. > :21:23.Golf had found its star of the screen.
:21:24. > :21:27.He was five foot ten but very much like a middleweight boxer,
:21:28. > :21:32.He used to grip the club and thump it.
:21:33. > :21:38.he was not a flashing rapier, it was wham, crash, bang, wallop.
:21:39. > :21:41.And he caught the imagination of people.
:21:42. > :21:44.His nickname was "The King", and it was fitting.
:21:45. > :21:48.From 58 through to 1964, he won seven major titles.
:21:49. > :21:55.Including four Masters and two Open Championships.
:21:56. > :22:00.His success stretched beyond the fairways.
:22:01. > :22:04.Adverts and endorsements made Palmer golf's first millionaire, and those
:22:05. > :22:07.who followed in his footsteps say they would never be competing
:22:08. > :22:13.When golf needed him in the 60s and 70s, he brought golf
:22:14. > :22:16.to the masses, and he leaves a legacy that no one
:22:17. > :22:20.else in any other sport, I think, can leave.
:22:21. > :22:22.It was not just golfers that Palmer influenced.
:22:23. > :22:24.Today, President Obama paid his own tribute to a man
:22:25. > :22:28.whose appeal endured, even when the victories dried up.
:22:29. > :22:35.This, his final US Open appearance in 1994.
:22:36. > :22:50.I suppose the most important thing...
:22:51. > :22:56...is the fact that it has been as good as it has been to me.
:22:57. > :22:58.There have been better golfers than Palmer,
:22:59. > :23:01.but there may never be one more popular, or one who loved
:23:02. > :23:22.Next, we have a report on traditional health treatments. Some
:23:23. > :23:33.scientists would question the benefits of ancient medicine. One
:23:34. > :23:36.Korean practitioner has run into trouble with regulation in South
:23:37. > :23:48.Korea. The BBC's Steve Evans went to meet him.
:23:49. > :23:58.This man is 100 and years -- 101 years old. The official body in
:23:59. > :24:08.Korea said he did not have the right qualifications. He learned the
:24:09. > :24:11.skills so many years ago he did not pass the exams. Now a court has
:24:12. > :24:21.ruled he can teach. TRANSLATION: The ruling is important to me because
:24:22. > :24:23.now I can pass on my knowledge. As long as humanity has existed, these
:24:24. > :24:35.ancient skills have gone from generation to generation. Mr Kim,
:24:36. > :24:37.operates from these new buildings. He says celebrities and political
:24:38. > :24:40.leaders have sought his treatment, whether it is acupuncture with
:24:41. > :24:48.needles or by burning herbs on the body. All over this complex there
:24:49. > :24:53.are statues like this gentleman and on the statues are dots. These
:24:54. > :25:03.points are where, under an East Asian theory of medicine, you can
:25:04. > :25:10.burn particular herbs, and that creates blood. The American Cancer
:25:11. > :25:12.Society says there is absolutely no evidence that it will cure cancer or
:25:13. > :25:25.any other illness. This man had an enlarged prostate
:25:26. > :25:29.and was told by conventional doctors that he needed surgery. He said no
:25:30. > :25:38.and is now having herbs burnt on his body. He says his symptoms have
:25:39. > :25:43.eased. The overwhelming view of scientists is that this is no
:25:44. > :25:51.substitute for proven, scientific medicine as a cure for serious
:25:52. > :26:01.illness. We have heard from South Korea,
:26:02. > :26:04.India, the UK, the US and South Africa. Thank you for watching. We
:26:05. > :26:09.will be back to do the same thing tomorrow. Bye-bye.