:00:11. > :00:13.Hello, I'm Karin Giannone - welcome to Outside Source.
:00:14. > :00:18.At least ten people are dead after Hurricane Irma wreaked
:00:19. > :00:30.the extent of the destruction and Barbuda is unprecedented. I'm of the
:00:31. > :00:33.view that as it stands now Barbuda is barely habitable.
:00:34. > :00:36.Irma is still a Category 5 hurricane - and next it's heading
:00:37. > :00:40.Our reporter in Myanmar says entire swathes of Rakhine state
:00:41. > :00:43.are depopulated and burning, as the mass exodus of Rohingya
:00:44. > :00:46.The German elections are just over two weeks away -
:00:47. > :00:51.Ros Atkins is seeing how the land lies in Cologne.
:00:52. > :00:53.Every day Outside Source features BBC journalists working
:00:54. > :01:25.Hurricane Irma continues to devastate the Caribbean.
:01:26. > :01:27.We have been getting pictures in from all over.
:01:28. > :01:29.What you see here is the Caribbean islands being battered
:01:30. > :01:38.That's the highest possible level - which makes Irma the most powerful
:01:39. > :01:42.This is the island of Saint Martin - officials
:01:43. > :01:49.warn most of the area is all but destroyed.
:01:50. > :01:51.This is Antigua, very severe, home to 80,000 - luckily
:01:52. > :01:54.the islanders escaped major damage to their homes, and there
:01:55. > :02:03.In Puerto Rico, more than half of the island's
:02:04. > :02:05.3.5 million residents were without power amid heavy
:02:06. > :02:12.Look at the scene is facing them as Irma swept through, heavy downpours
:02:13. > :02:13.and strong winds. And Anguilla and the British Virgin
:02:14. > :02:16.Islands have also been hit The hurricane sustained
:02:17. > :02:30.wind speeds of 285km/h, reducing buildings to rubble
:02:31. > :02:33.and left at least ten people dead. The tiny island there, as you can
:02:34. > :02:39.see. You can see here the widespread
:02:40. > :02:41.devastation to people's The residents on the Island have
:02:42. > :02:51.been speaking to us. My whole house caved in, and there
:02:52. > :02:59.were Lee Mack are seven of us, and all we had to do was pray and call
:03:00. > :03:03.for help -- and their are seven of us. I didn't know what would happen
:03:04. > :03:10.to me. Last night was the most devastating experience I have ever
:03:11. > :03:16.had in my life, and I am almost 60. Me and my family of seven including
:03:17. > :03:24.an infant of two months, we had a shelter in the closet.
:03:25. > :03:26.Here is the Prime Minister of Barbuda speaking
:03:27. > :03:38.This was absolutely devastating, heart-wrenching. Some properties
:03:39. > :03:42.have lost roofs, part roofs, all roofs, some have been totally
:03:43. > :03:47.demolished. It is absolutely heart-wrenching, the extent of the
:03:48. > :03:50.destruction in Barbuda, it is unprecedented. In fact I am of the
:03:51. > :03:56.view that as it stands now Barbuda is barely habitable.
:03:57. > :03:58.Irma is currently north of the Dominican Republic,
:03:59. > :04:00.and is on course for the low-lying Turks and Caicos islands.
:04:01. > :04:03.It is due to move onto the Bahamas and Cuba on Saturday
:04:04. > :04:07.Here, they have declared a state of emergency and mobilised federal
:04:08. > :04:11.The head of the US emergency agency says Hurricane Irma "will be truly
:04:12. > :04:13.devastating" when it hits the southern coastal
:04:14. > :04:28.Storm Jose will revisit all these areas already hit by Hurricane Irma,
:04:29. > :04:30.and Storm Katia will thunder along the coast of the Mexican
:04:31. > :04:36.Meanwhile on Turks and Caicos Islands, emergency officials
:04:37. > :04:37.preparing to ride out the out the storm.
:04:38. > :04:44.Dr John Freeman is the Governor of the British territory.
:04:45. > :04:52.Of course everyone is nervous and anxious here, but we have made their
:04:53. > :04:56.preparations we should do. We've evacuated to Islands, all the
:04:57. > :04:59.evacuation of two Islands, our shelters are operating and people
:05:00. > :05:03.are going into them. We are messaging out as best we can to make
:05:04. > :05:06.sure people do that. Our number one concern is safety. Yesterday we
:05:07. > :05:12.spent a lot of time encouraging visiting tourists to get on flights
:05:13. > :05:14.out of Turks and Caicos Islands, and we have reduced the number of people
:05:15. > :05:18.who don't live here and don't need to be here. So, yes, we are anxious
:05:19. > :05:22.and we will have to ride it out. This is a country that has been hit
:05:23. > :05:27.by hurricanes before. These are very low-lying islands. We are very
:05:28. > :05:32.vulnerable, and therefore, you know, a surge means more water coming here
:05:33. > :05:36.which means more flooding, which causes more problems in terms of
:05:37. > :05:40.utilities and the functioning of the islands. Those are the most
:05:41. > :05:43.low-lying areas, the ones who also have vulnerable structures, and we
:05:44. > :05:46.have been encouraging them to move into the structures which can take
:05:47. > :05:51.care of them. As I say, they are moving into the shelters now. Along
:05:52. > :05:55.with the surge you mentioned, it is the wind speed, we are waiting to
:05:56. > :05:58.see what the impact of that is, and I'm afraid we will not really know
:05:59. > :06:07.this until of course it has hit us, but already we can see it is very
:06:08. > :06:13.windy here. The sea is very choppy. We are already within her frame,
:06:14. > :06:16.Irma, she is already touching us. So we have the hurricanes developing
:06:17. > :06:20.more or less in the same place, and it is not uncommon at this time of
:06:21. > :06:22.year, but rare to see them so powerful.
:06:23. > :06:26.Our science editor David Shukman explains.
:06:27. > :06:28.How do hurricanes become so destructive?
:06:29. > :06:30.The strongest form off the coast of West Africa,
:06:31. > :06:32.warm waters cause the air to rise, triggering thunderstorms
:06:33. > :06:35.and that is when the winds can circulate and as this weather system
:06:36. > :06:38.crosses the Atlantic it grows and becomes stronger.
:06:39. > :06:40.If the winds are moving in the same direction
:06:41. > :06:42.at all levels, as with Irma, they reach devastating speeds.
:06:43. > :06:44.But closer to the Caribbean, the hurricane gets another boost
:06:45. > :06:46.as it passes over yet more warm water.
:06:47. > :06:49.And ocean temperatures are unusually high this year, making the winds
:06:50. > :06:59.On top of this, the low pressure inside the hurricane
:07:00. > :07:01.creates a storm surge, a huge wave that strikes the coast.
:07:02. > :07:04.As climate change is raising the level of the sea,
:07:05. > :07:23.Let's go back to a developing story we've been covering for some time
:07:24. > :07:25.now - the mass exodus of Rohingya Muslims from Myanmar.
:07:26. > :07:30.On Wednesday, Bangladesh summoned Myanmar's ambassador in Dhaka
:07:31. > :07:33.to protest against the planting of landmines along this border
:07:34. > :07:37.This is the border that over 164,000 Rohingya Muslims have
:07:38. > :07:39.been fleeing across over the last few weeks.
:07:40. > :07:42.Bangladesh says Myanmar is planting mines to prevent the Rohingya
:07:43. > :07:44.returning to their villages - Myanmar denies this.
:07:45. > :07:46.At the moment, though, people are still flowing
:07:47. > :08:01.More Rohingya refugees have come today from Bangladesh to Myanmar and
:08:02. > :08:06.you can see how congested it has become, no space, all on the road.
:08:07. > :08:12.Over here they have brought in bamboo, to construct new tents for
:08:13. > :08:17.the fresh arrivals. The camps themselves are in dreadful shape.
:08:18. > :08:22.Extremely crowded, the conditions unhygienic. Aid agencies are very
:08:23. > :08:26.concerned. They say apart from food there is an urgent need for medical
:08:27. > :08:31.support. Medecins Sans Frontieres see many of the refugees have
:08:32. > :08:36.gunshot wound injuries, and therefore they need as much support
:08:37. > :08:39.as possible. They are all coming in from Myanmar because they are
:08:40. > :08:43.fleeing violence. They say their villages are being attacked, set on
:08:44. > :08:47.fire. A BBC colleague has managed to get into Rakhine State and he has
:08:48. > :08:59.witnessed a Muslim village being set on fire by Rakhine youths. Our
:09:00. > :09:00.correspondent Jonathan Head was in Rakhine State and tweeted this
:09:01. > :09:03.earlier... He's written a fuller
:09:04. > :09:09.account on our website - but an important line
:09:10. > :09:24.to pick out is this: And these pictures
:09:25. > :09:26.are what a cameraman Now bear in mind the Myanmar
:09:27. > :09:32.government says that it's Rohingya militants and the Muslim
:09:33. > :09:33.villagers themselves causing But many in the international
:09:34. > :09:37.community aren't convinced. Earlier the BBC spoke
:09:38. > :09:39.to Andrea Gittleman, from the Centre for the Prevention
:09:40. > :09:51.of Genocide at the US Holocaust What we are seeing is so sustained,
:09:52. > :09:59.it appears to be systematic. What it appears to be an mass atrocities
:10:00. > :10:02.committed by the state of Myanmar against the Rohingya minority
:10:03. > :10:07.community. Genocide has a very specific definition, but we might
:10:08. > :10:11.not have enough evidence until investigators can access the areas
:10:12. > :10:14.where these crimes are taking place. That is something that the Myanmar
:10:15. > :10:20.government has time and time again refused to allow. So with the
:10:21. > :10:23.information at hand we can see that it appears that crimes against
:10:24. > :10:27.humanity are happening against the Rohingya population. All states have
:10:28. > :10:32.the responsibility to protect their people from crimes like this. So the
:10:33. > :10:36.Myanmar government is failing to protect its own civilians. This
:10:37. > :10:41.called upon all countries, countries within Asia, South East Asia,
:10:42. > :10:44.Europe, all over the world, to call upon leaders of the country to bring
:10:45. > :10:52.these atrocities to a halt. It should be known that the military
:10:53. > :10:54.seems to be the primary perpetrator of these atrocities and should be
:10:55. > :10:59.held to account for these crimes against humanity. That kind of
:11:00. > :11:00.effort and signalling from the international community would be
:11:01. > :11:07.necessary for those crimes to cease. Stay with us on Outside Source -
:11:08. > :11:08.still to come: One of the sons of the Philippine President denies
:11:09. > :11:09.involvement in a multi-million-dollar drug smuggling
:11:10. > :11:18.operation. Earlier we spoke to Baroness Amos,
:11:19. > :11:31.who is the Director of SOAS University of London and is a former
:11:32. > :11:33.UN Under-Secretary-General for Humanitarian Affairs
:11:34. > :11:35.and Emergency Relief Coordination. She told us the Uk's response
:11:36. > :11:40.to the disaster created From my perspective having dealt
:11:41. > :11:45.with many of these disasters around the world when I was at the United
:11:46. > :11:48.Nations, it is always the people on the ground to respond first. And
:11:49. > :11:52.they are looking to their national governments, but they are also
:11:53. > :11:57.looking outside for as much help to come as quickly as possible. And
:11:58. > :12:02.certainly we are now a couple of days in and I think people are
:12:03. > :12:05.feeling that Britain did not respond quickly enough, given that we know
:12:06. > :12:12.that this is hurricane season, given that we know that sometimes these
:12:13. > :12:15.hurricanes can shift and hit islands that were not expected to be in the
:12:16. > :12:25.way, and of course there are concerns that there is
:12:26. > :12:26.another hurricane coming that could have even more devastating
:12:27. > :12:30.consequences. This is Outside Source live
:12:31. > :12:37.from the BBC newsroom. Hurricane Irma has left
:12:38. > :12:58.a trail of destruction across the Caribbean -
:12:59. > :13:00.and it's still going strong as it heads towards Turks and Caicos,
:13:01. > :13:09.the Bahamas and the US mainland. A vote on legalising same-sex
:13:10. > :13:12.marriage in Australia will proceed after a court dismissed
:13:13. > :13:13.two legal challenges. The non-binding postal vote
:13:14. > :13:25.is due to begin next week. Pope Francis is in Colombia -
:13:26. > :13:28.he's there to express support Thousands of people lined
:13:29. > :13:31.the route the Popemobile took through the streets of the capital,
:13:32. > :13:39.Bogota. Amongst our most read
:13:40. > :13:41.articles on the website - Roald Dahl's final children's book
:13:42. > :13:44.has been illustrated by his longtime collaborator Sir Quentin Blake, 26
:13:45. > :13:46.years after it was first published. It had been the only Roald Dahl
:13:47. > :13:49.book not to have been The book is called
:13:50. > :13:53.Billy and the Minpins - it was originally published
:13:54. > :13:54.with illustrations Let's head to Germany now
:13:55. > :13:57.because the country's general election is just under
:13:58. > :14:02.three weeks away. Yes, the 24th of September is the
:14:03. > :14:07.date of the election, when Angela Merkel will sit to solidify her
:14:08. > :14:11.support, and I am speaking to you from Cologne, Germany's
:14:12. > :14:15.fourth-largest city, and you can see this here, the Gothic cathedral of
:14:16. > :14:19.Cologne. It sits on the River Rhine and contributes a huge amount to the
:14:20. > :14:24.German economy, the fourth biggest city, but is also significant in
:14:25. > :14:29.terms of immigration. It is in the state of North Rhine Westphalia
:14:30. > :14:34.which has 20% of all the migrants in Germany. We have angular Merkel
:14:35. > :14:38.leading the CDU, the Christian Democrats, and we think they will be
:14:39. > :14:42.the biggest party -- Angela Merkel. She is up against Martin Schulze
:14:43. > :14:47.used to be president of the European Parliament and the now read to the
:14:48. > :14:51.Social Democrats. He is having a difficult campaign, to be honest.
:14:52. > :14:56.The latest poll shows that Christian catlike Democrats and Angela Merkel
:14:57. > :14:59.have a significant lead, and it does look like Martin Schultz will have
:15:00. > :15:04.the second biggest party, but because all-German elections end in
:15:05. > :15:10.a coalition, the other parties who could get representation, we also
:15:11. > :15:14.need to take note of them. We have the Free Democrats, the FDP. We have
:15:15. > :15:19.the Greens, and we also have the party that came out of the Communist
:15:20. > :15:27.party in East Germany, Die Linke, and on the right you have the
:15:28. > :15:30.Alternative for Germany, the AfD, with their anti-immigration and
:15:31. > :15:34.anti-Islam policies, which I came to look at here earlier. We will have
:15:35. > :15:38.to see what effect their policies have on a coalition, but we do know
:15:39. > :15:42.that immigration is a significant issue. You might think that is as
:15:43. > :15:45.maybe but what should I care when the polls suggest Angela Merkel will
:15:46. > :15:49.get a fourth term and we know that she will stay in power. There are a
:15:50. > :15:53.few reasons. She is a hugely significant player in terms of the
:15:54. > :15:57.world's responds to a number of major issues. On climate change,
:15:58. > :16:08.Outside Source was at the G20 watching Angela Merkel shape the
:16:09. > :16:12.world's response to that while Donald Trump went his own way. On
:16:13. > :16:14.the future of the European Union you could argue there is no more
:16:15. > :16:17.significant figure. And for those of you watch on the BBC News channel we
:16:18. > :16:20.also need to take note of Brexit, because nothing the EU does in those
:16:21. > :16:22.negotiations happens, certainly not of significance, without Angela
:16:23. > :16:25.Merkel agreeing to it. She is very important in terms of the form that
:16:26. > :16:32.Brexit will take. 18 months ago on Outside Source we met a man from the
:16:33. > :16:39.Federation of Islamic organisations in Europe. Good to see you again,
:16:40. > :16:42.how are you doing? We were just chatting when you arrived, and you
:16:43. > :16:48.said to me the big TV debate on Sunday between Martin Schultz and
:16:49. > :16:52.Angela Merkel was a disaster. Can you tell us via? It was a disaster
:16:53. > :16:57.from the point of view that people have seen that there is no real
:16:58. > :17:02.choice -- can you tell us why? No real choice between the first and
:17:03. > :17:06.second party so no real alternative with political content, because
:17:07. > :17:11.Angela Merkel as well as Martin Schultz have a lot of the same
:17:12. > :17:16.standpoint and views on a lot of issues, so whoever got the biggest
:17:17. > :17:20.benefit of that, most probably the AfD, the right-wing parties. Despite
:17:21. > :17:24.the fact that when we last met on Outside Source AfD was doing much
:17:25. > :17:31.better in the polls. Now it is around 9% but when we met before it
:17:32. > :17:34.was 15-16%. Anyhow it depends... When you look into the
:17:35. > :17:40.circumstances. When we met before, the refugee issue was much more
:17:41. > :17:45.relevant to the people now when the elections come closer, it is obvious
:17:46. > :17:50.that people start to look at things in a different manner. But anyhow
:17:51. > :17:58.AfD is gaining a lot of ground. When you look at about 3-4 months ago
:17:59. > :18:00.they even had about 6-7%. It already has representation in the majority
:18:01. > :18:04.of state parliaments but it looks like it could have representation in
:18:05. > :18:08.the Bundestag for the first time and I guess symbolically that is a big
:18:09. > :18:13.moment for Germany. Absolutely, the first time a right wing extremist
:18:14. > :18:16.party will take the floor on the German Bundestag, the German
:18:17. > :18:20.parliament, and this is something that will change the political
:18:21. > :18:25.landscape in Germany in general. What would you like Martin Schultz
:18:26. > :18:27.and Angela Merkel, the two most high profile politicians in this
:18:28. > :18:34.campaign, what would you like them to be saying to take on the AfD? I
:18:35. > :18:40.think the situation is really complicated and it is also not too
:18:41. > :18:43.easy for them to have a clear position, but I think that they need
:18:44. > :18:49.to be completely clear about what they stand for and what they don't,
:18:50. > :19:02.and it is pitifully, that the AfD has already achieved a lot of its
:19:03. > :19:06.goals by putting a lot of it is contact into the mainstream. Its
:19:07. > :19:11.sister party in Bavaria has taken a lot of the content that AfD was
:19:12. > :19:14.campaigning for, so it looks like the right-wing agenda already found
:19:15. > :19:21.its place in mainstream politics. Good to speak to you, Ibrahim, and
:19:22. > :19:24.as Ibrahim was giving me his last answer there, I thought, if AfD has
:19:25. > :19:28.influenced German politics despite the fact that the polls do not
:19:29. > :19:32.suggest that there are some comparisons with Ukip in the UK, the
:19:33. > :19:35.UK Independence Party, in the way it has failed to translate its support
:19:36. > :19:39.in two places in Parliament but it undoubtedly had a huge influence on
:19:40. > :19:44.the calling of the Brexit referendum and the result of that referendum.
:19:45. > :19:49.And Nigel Farage, the former leader of Ukip, has today been here in
:19:50. > :19:55.Germany, speaking at a rally for the AfD. Thank you very much. Ros will
:19:56. > :20:01.be back from Germany a little later. Let's turn to business... The retail
:20:02. > :20:05.giant Amazon has announced plans to build a second headquarters in North
:20:06. > :20:08.America, kicking off a competition among cities to attract investment.
:20:09. > :20:14.The 5,000,000,000-dollar project could create up to 50,000 jobs.
:20:15. > :20:21.Chicago, Dallas, and Toronto have immediately expressed an interest.
:20:22. > :20:25.Samira Hussain joins us from New York. How significant is this second
:20:26. > :20:31.Amazon HQ? This is massive. As you pointed out we are talking about
:20:32. > :20:35.50,000 jobs, and as Amazon have said, the average income from these
:20:36. > :20:38.jobs will be around $100,000. Of course there are all kinds of cities
:20:39. > :20:43.coming out of the woodwork saying, we will make a bid for Amazon to
:20:44. > :20:48.come and have their headquarters in our particular city. What is really
:20:49. > :20:54.interesting is that Amazon has said not the United States but North
:20:55. > :20:59.America, so really opening it up to Canada or even to Mexico, since they
:21:00. > :21:05.said they are open to opening a new headquarters in North America. Why
:21:06. > :21:09.is that so important? Remember, the president of the United States
:21:10. > :21:14.Donald Trump said he is absolutely a jobs maker, so imagine if your
:21:15. > :21:17.president of the United States and you have this monstrous conglomerate
:21:18. > :21:21.that says we will open up a new headquarters, but it is not going to
:21:22. > :21:24.be in the United States. That would be really bad. However, the
:21:25. > :21:33.relationship between Donald Trump and the head of Amazon, well, it is
:21:34. > :21:35.not really very good. Given that relationship, Samira, being
:21:36. > :21:40.notoriously not a good one, I wonder if there will be a political element
:21:41. > :21:46.to all of this? Yes, if you are Donald Trump and you sort of put
:21:47. > :21:49.yourself up as the job creator, the one who will bring companies back to
:21:50. > :21:53.the United States, well, to have this go to a city like Vancouver,
:21:54. > :22:00.Toronto or even Mexico City, that would really be pretty bad. How much
:22:01. > :22:05.of this really is just about irking the president in some way by saying,
:22:06. > :22:08.we are opening it up to North America, or how true is it that they
:22:09. > :22:11.are actually considering other cities? That remains to be seen, but
:22:12. > :22:18.certainly some very interesting language being used by the head of
:22:19. > :22:25.Amazon. Thank you, Samira Hussain in New York. Let's stay in the USA...
:22:26. > :22:28.The country's opioid crisis is causing a lot of concern.
:22:29. > :22:31.Addiction rates are soaring - and every day around 100 people
:22:32. > :22:34.Much of the addiction starts with legally prescribed medications.
:22:35. > :22:37.Now a Canadian drug firm is developing what it says
:22:38. > :22:38.is a safer alternative based on cannabis.
:22:39. > :22:52.Somewhere between 10-15% of the population experiences chronic pain
:22:53. > :22:58.at some point in their life. To the extent that cannabinoids go on to be
:22:59. > :23:04.recognised in more effective dosage forms, then they could compete, if
:23:05. > :23:11.you like, for a significant share of that market. And that in the United
:23:12. > :23:16.States is a multi-billion dollar market. The purity and the potency
:23:17. > :23:23.of cannabis varies, so how difficult is it to get the dosing right, to
:23:24. > :23:29.know what doses to apply? When someone in heels a cigarette or a
:23:30. > :23:34.vaporiser, the amount they take -- when someone inhales a cigarette.
:23:35. > :23:37.The amount could be tenfold depending on how deeply they inhale,
:23:38. > :23:43.how long they hold their breath and other factors as well. That is
:23:44. > :23:48.certainly very inconsistent with the way that we look at medications for
:23:49. > :23:54.the treatment of virtually all other conditions, where we are pretty
:23:55. > :24:03.precise in our initial dosage recommendations. What are the risks
:24:04. > :24:06.associated with medicinal cannabis? Some more serious potential
:24:07. > :24:15.side-effects are that in certain cases it has been shown that
:24:16. > :24:22.cannabinoids can induce more severe disorders in patients with
:24:23. > :24:27.pre-existing central nervous system psychiatric conditions, so that is
:24:28. > :24:31.something that most prescribers are quite aware of and would proceed
:24:32. > :24:37.cautiously with, if at all, in dealing with their patients. Is
:24:38. > :24:43.there an irony, that you used to run a maker of one of the leading opioid
:24:44. > :24:46.drugs, and now here you are talking about creating a market for a
:24:47. > :24:51.product that might displace, or replace, some of those? I don't
:24:52. > :24:55.think the cannabinoids will ever totally replace the opioids. There
:24:56. > :24:59.are places where opioids will work, and I don't see evidence that
:25:00. > :25:00.cannabinoids will, but they may in fact as you see wind up displacing
:25:01. > :25:24.some of those prescriptions. One of the sons of the Philippine
:25:25. > :25:27.President has denied involvement in a multi-million-dollar
:25:28. > :25:32.drug smuggling operation. Here he is Appearing
:25:33. > :25:33.alongside the president's He read a prepared statement
:25:34. > :25:41.to insist that the allegations I can now deny all baseless
:25:42. > :25:50.allegations made of me. Every dog has its day. In a few minutes' time
:25:51. > :25:54.here on Outside Source we will be live to Miami because Florida is
:25:55. > :26:05.making preparations for the arrival of Hurricane Irma, still a category
:26:06. > :26:10.numeric 5 at the minute. Stay with first night.