0:00:07 > 0:00:11Hello, I'm Kasia Madera, this is Outside Source.
0:00:11 > 0:00:13Zimbabwe's leader Robert Mugabe is detained as the army seizes
0:00:13 > 0:00:15control of the country - but they insist they
0:00:15 > 0:00:23are not staging a coup.
0:00:23 > 0:00:28We are only targeting criminals around him who are committing crimes
0:00:28 > 0:00:31that are causing social and economic suffering in the country.
0:00:31 > 0:00:35We're going to be live in the US State of Alabama as the Republican
0:00:35 > 0:00:37candidate for state's vacant Senate seat hits back at historic sexual
0:00:37 > 0:00:39assault allegations.
0:00:39 > 0:00:42The tit-for-tat between Russia and the United States over
0:00:42 > 0:00:47allegations of meddling in the 2016 US election continues.
0:00:47 > 0:00:50Russian MPs have backed a law that could force foreign media outlets
0:00:50 > 0:00:53to register as foreign agents.
0:00:53 > 0:00:57And remember you can always get in touch.
0:00:57 > 0:01:00The hashtag is #BBCOS.
0:01:12 > 0:01:14Welcome to Outside Source.
0:01:14 > 0:01:17We start the programme in Zimbabwe, where the army has taken over
0:01:17 > 0:01:21and where one of the giants of African politics,
0:01:21 > 0:01:28President Robert Mugabe, is thought to be under house arrest.
0:01:28 > 0:01:31The whereabouts of his wife Grace Mugabe is not clear.
0:01:31 > 0:01:34It's been a tumultuous 24 hours in the country.
0:01:34 > 0:01:37These are the pictures we brought to you on OS at around
0:01:37 > 0:01:41this time last night.
0:01:41 > 0:01:44They show army vehicles on the streets near the capital.
0:01:44 > 0:01:47We also reported that the ruling Zanu-PF party had accused
0:01:47 > 0:01:53the country's army chief of treasonable conduct.
0:01:53 > 0:01:55General Constantine Chiwenga had challenged President Mugabe
0:01:55 > 0:01:58after he sacked the vice-president.
0:01:58 > 0:02:00A lot has happened since then.
0:02:00 > 0:02:02Early this morning, the army was on the airwaves
0:02:02 > 0:02:08as well as the streets.
0:02:08 > 0:02:10Troops entered the headquarters of the national broadcaster ZBC,
0:02:10 > 0:02:12and Major General Sibusiso Moyo read out a statement on
0:02:13 > 0:02:16national television.
0:02:16 > 0:02:18Zimbabweans were told that while there hadn't been a coup,
0:02:18 > 0:02:26the army was in now charge.
0:02:26 > 0:02:32We wish to assure the nation that his Excellency the President of the
0:02:32 > 0:02:43Republic of Zimbabwe and commander-in-chief of his mobile
0:02:43 > 0:02:48defence forces, can read Robert Mugabe and his family are safe and
0:02:48 > 0:02:54sound and that security is guaranteed. -- Comrade Robert
0:02:54 > 0:02:56Mugabe.
0:02:56 > 0:02:59I asked the BBC's Anne Soy, who's in Zimbabwe, to clarify the point -
0:02:59 > 0:03:01that that although the military denying calling it a coup,
0:03:01 > 0:03:03that's exactly what it looks like.
0:03:03 > 0:03:07Absolutely, and there could be some explanations about that. One, they
0:03:07 > 0:03:13may not want to alienate Mr Mugabe's supporters, both in the country,
0:03:13 > 0:03:18civilians, as well as those in the military. Apart from that, Zimbabwe
0:03:18 > 0:03:22is a key member of the African Union, and in the past that has
0:03:22 > 0:03:28expelled or suspended countries where coups were successfully
0:03:28 > 0:03:35staged, such as you... Egypt. To all intents and purposes everyone says
0:03:35 > 0:03:41it is a coup, but the military says it is not.Robert Mugabe is under
0:03:41 > 0:03:46house arrest, what about his wife, Grace?That is not known. There has
0:03:46 > 0:03:51been speculation that the information has not been verified
0:03:51 > 0:03:56that she might have been allowed to leave the country. What is clear is
0:03:56 > 0:04:00she has fallen out with the military and her ambition to succeed her
0:04:00 > 0:04:05husband to lead this country is what could have led to the situation the
0:04:05 > 0:04:10country is in at the moment. There is a lot of uncertainty. Some people
0:04:10 > 0:04:13he would speak to say they have been waiting for a change in this
0:04:13 > 0:04:17country, they have been suffering economically, but they did not know
0:04:17 > 0:04:22in what format change could come, and now that it has, many of them
0:04:22 > 0:04:27are happy but they are also cautious because they are apprehensive as to
0:04:27 > 0:04:31what this means. Many will not want to have military rule in their
0:04:31 > 0:04:36country but they want the situation resolved, and there are talks going
0:04:36 > 0:04:39on, led by regional leaders, to try to resolve the situation.
0:04:39 > 0:04:44What are we seeing on the streets? The military is calling for calm, is
0:04:44 > 0:04:49that what we are seeing? There is relative calm in the
0:04:49 > 0:04:53streets, people are going about their business, children coming back
0:04:53 > 0:05:00home from school. However, there is a heavy presence of military
0:05:00 > 0:05:04officers in the streets in key installations in the capital and
0:05:04 > 0:05:09that is not a situation that people are used to seeing. So the faster
0:05:09 > 0:05:13the political situation is resolved, the better for the people of
0:05:13 > 0:05:16Zimbabwe, who can get back to their daily lives as normal.
0:05:16 > 0:05:21There's been reaction from around the world to the events in Zimbabwe.
0:05:21 > 0:05:22As you would expect.
0:05:22 > 0:05:24Let's look at what some the key international
0:05:24 > 0:05:25players have been saying.
0:05:25 > 0:05:28Jacob Zuma, the President of South Africa - which has
0:05:28 > 0:05:35a border with Zimbabwe - says he's spoken with Robert Mugabe.
0:05:36 > 0:05:38He says Robert Mugabe is safe.
0:05:38 > 0:05:43President Zuma is appealing for calm.
0:05:43 > 0:05:51I have taken a decision to send an envoy to be able to conduct the
0:05:51 > 0:05:57leaders of the defence Force who have undertaken these operations,
0:05:57 > 0:06:03but also to meet with President Mugabe so that we have a more clear
0:06:03 > 0:06:08picture of what is happening in Zimbabwe. I am hoping that the
0:06:08 > 0:06:14Defence Force will not move onto more damage, that they will be able
0:06:14 > 0:06:18to respect the constitution of Zimbabwe, as well as the people of
0:06:18 > 0:06:19Zimbabwe.
0:06:19 > 0:06:21Nigeria is another major power in Africa.
0:06:21 > 0:06:24A spokesperson for President Buhari posted this comment on Twitter.
0:06:37 > 0:06:39Once again, lots of appeals for calm.
0:06:39 > 0:06:42The African Union has called for the military to stand down.
0:06:42 > 0:06:44Alpha Conde, the President of Guinea said it "seems like a coup.
0:06:44 > 0:06:48Clearly soldiers are trying to take power by force."
0:06:48 > 0:06:52But Zimbabwe's military is insisting that they have not staged a coup.
0:06:52 > 0:06:57So what is this?
0:06:57 > 0:07:03What is happening in Zimbabwe? My online team are looking at different
0:07:03 > 0:07:07content taking place. Let's have a look at some of the views from
0:07:07 > 0:07:08cartoonists.
0:07:08 > 0:07:13Here's the Kenya-based cartoonist Victor Ndula.
0:07:13 > 0:07:15It is pretty clear what he thinks.
0:07:15 > 0:07:17And a cartoonist in South Africa with a similar line.
0:07:17 > 0:07:19If you're still not sure, my colleagues writing
0:07:19 > 0:07:22for the website have put this guide together - "How can you tell
0:07:23 > 0:07:27if a coup is happening?"
0:07:27 > 0:07:31A beginners guide, if you like, comparing various different
0:07:31 > 0:07:34countries around the world and how what is happening in Zimbabwe
0:07:34 > 0:07:37compares to that.
0:07:37 > 0:07:39Zimbabwe was, of course, a British colony before independence.
0:07:39 > 0:07:41Since leading the independence movement and subsequently
0:07:41 > 0:07:44taking office in 1980, President Mugabe has been
0:07:44 > 0:07:47accusing Britain of trying to destroy the country.
0:07:47 > 0:07:49Here's the British Foreign Secretary, Boris Johnson,
0:07:49 > 0:07:57giving his take on events.
0:07:57 > 0:08:02Allbritton has ever wanted the Zimbabwe is to be able to decide
0:08:02 > 0:08:09their own future in free and fair elections. Mugabe's consuming
0:08:09 > 0:08:15ambition was also to Rash was always to deny them a choice, and this
0:08:15 > 0:08:20House will remember the brutal litany of his 37 years in office.
0:08:20 > 0:08:28The elections he rigged and stole, the murder and torture of Poland 's
0:08:28 > 0:08:32-- opponents, the illegal seizure of land leading to the worst
0:08:32 > 0:08:35hyperinflation in recent history, measured in the billions of
0:08:35 > 0:08:40percentage points in forcing the abolition of the Zimbabwe dollar.
0:08:40 > 0:08:45That was the British Foreign Secretary Boris Johnson giving us
0:08:45 > 0:08:46some information.
0:08:46 > 0:08:49Robert Mugabe has been in power since the liberation war
0:08:49 > 0:08:51of the 1970s and this, the country's declaration
0:08:51 > 0:08:54of independence in 1980, which ended white minority rule.
0:08:54 > 0:09:01Historic images.
0:09:01 > 0:09:03He's now 93 years old and people have begun considering
0:09:03 > 0:09:04who will succeed him.
0:09:04 > 0:09:10Two main candidates have emerged.
0:09:10 > 0:09:11The first is Emmerson Mnangagwa, vice
0:09:11 > 0:09:14president until last week - who is backed by the military
0:09:14 > 0:09:16and his fellow veterans of the 1970s liberation war that
0:09:16 > 0:09:23dominate the government.
0:09:23 > 0:09:28The other is the president's wife, Grace Mugabe.
0:09:28 > 0:09:30She enjoys the support of the youth wing -
0:09:30 > 0:09:35known as Generation 40 - and, of course, her husband.
0:09:35 > 0:09:40The fierce rivalry between the two has split the ruling Zanu-PF party.
0:09:40 > 0:09:42It all came to a head last week when Emmerson Mnangagwa
0:09:42 > 0:09:45was sacked as vice-president, after he was accused
0:09:45 > 0:09:50of plotting against Mr Mugabe.
0:09:50 > 0:09:52The army's commander, and close ally to Mr Mnangawa,
0:09:52 > 0:10:00sent this warning on Monday.
0:10:00 > 0:10:13It is pertinent to restate that the forces remain the major stockholder
0:10:13 > 0:10:18in respect to the gains of the reparations struggle. We must remind
0:10:18 > 0:10:23those behind the current treacherous shenanigans that when it comes to
0:10:23 > 0:10:29matters of protecting our evolution, the military is right to step in.
0:10:29 > 0:10:34Focus on Africa presenter Nancy Kacungira spoke to me earlier.
0:10:34 > 0:10:39She gave us a little bit of detail. We must remember that the military
0:10:39 > 0:10:44has been instrumental in keeping Robert Mugabe in power for the last
0:10:44 > 0:10:4737 years, and they have been very involved within the Zanu-PF party.
0:10:47 > 0:10:52We are seeing a split between what you could call the old guard, who
0:10:52 > 0:10:56are the ones who fought in the liberation struggle, and the new
0:10:56 > 0:11:01guard, which you could say is now calling themselves the GE 40,
0:11:01 > 0:11:06Generation 40. Many of them seem to support Grace Mugabe as a successor
0:11:06 > 0:11:11to President Robert Mugabe, the old guard would prefer it be someone
0:11:11 > 0:11:17from their country, basically. So there is a power struggle when this
0:11:17 > 0:11:21succession issue arose. When it seemed like Grace Mugabe, who used
0:11:21 > 0:11:26to be Mugabe's typist, would now be able to take over, the army had a
0:11:26 > 0:11:30very different view to that. Why are people concerned? There have
0:11:30 > 0:11:37been many years of corruption, what do people want to see now?Since the
0:11:37 > 0:11:43year 2000 there have been lots of economic issues in Zimbabwe. Between
0:11:43 > 0:11:482000 and 2008 the economy shrank by a third, at its highest unemployment
0:11:48 > 0:11:53was at about 80%. It is difficult to get imports into the country, the
0:11:53 > 0:11:58currency has crashed multiple times, it is a very difficult economic
0:11:58 > 0:12:02picture. Millions of Zimbabweans have gone to look for opportunities
0:12:02 > 0:12:07in South Africa and further afield. What people really want is change,
0:12:07 > 0:12:12and the question they are asking now is did the military do this just to
0:12:12 > 0:12:16prevent Grace Mugabe from succeeding the president, or did they do it to
0:12:16 > 0:12:21bring about change? That is the question that most Zimbabwe and are
0:12:21 > 0:12:24concerned about, we'll just be power shifting within the same group or
0:12:24 > 0:12:29are they going to cede real solutions to the problems within the
0:12:29 > 0:12:33economy, the problems within the collapse of the agricultural sector,
0:12:33 > 0:12:40to the currency? Will they start to see real transformation?
0:12:40 > 0:12:44We are continuing to monitor those events. But we have the story still
0:12:44 > 0:12:45to come.
0:12:45 > 0:12:46Tit-for-tat between Russia and America.
0:12:46 > 0:12:49Russian MPs have backed a law that could force foreign media outlets
0:12:49 > 0:12:52to register as foreign agents just days after the US forced a Kremlin
0:12:52 > 0:12:55backed news channel to do the same.
0:13:02 > 0:13:05Scotland is set to become the first country in the world to set
0:13:05 > 0:13:08a national minimum price for alcohol - that's after the Supreme Court
0:13:08 > 0:13:12rejected a legal challenge from the Scotch Whisky Association.
0:13:12 > 0:13:22First Minister Nicola Sturgeon says she is delighted with the ruling.
0:13:22 > 0:13:27This has been a very long road. I introduced the legislation to the
0:13:27 > 0:13:31Scottish parliament, took it through Parliament, when I was still Health
0:13:31 > 0:13:35Secretary. Five years have passed as it has been held up in court
0:13:35 > 0:13:38challenges, so to get to the end of the process with minimum pricing now
0:13:38 > 0:13:45able to proceed is really good. The policy is by its very nature
0:13:45 > 0:13:48controversial, again, this is an example of Scotland's leading the
0:13:48 > 0:13:53world. It will continue to have its critics but it is the kind of bold
0:13:53 > 0:13:58and necessary policy that we need to tackle our public health challenges.
0:13:58 > 0:14:01The Health Secretary will set out a statement to the Scottish Parliament
0:14:01 > 0:14:04next week setting up the steps we will now take towards
0:14:04 > 0:14:08implementation.
0:14:08 > 0:14:11This is Outside Source live from the BBC newsroom.
0:14:11 > 0:14:12Our lead story is...
0:14:12 > 0:14:15Zimbabwe's leader Robert Mugabe is detained as the army seizes
0:14:15 > 0:14:17control of the country - but they insist they
0:14:17 > 0:14:23are not staging a coup.
0:14:27 > 0:14:30Let's turn to the US state of Alabama, where the race
0:14:30 > 0:14:32is on to become the next senator, replacing Jeff Sessions,
0:14:32 > 0:14:34who's now the Attorney General.
0:14:34 > 0:14:37This is Roy Moore.
0:14:37 > 0:14:42He's the Republican politician who's currently campaigning for the post.
0:14:42 > 0:14:45But his campaign has been marred by allegations of sexual misconduct.
0:14:45 > 0:14:49A number of women have accused Mr Moore of sexually
0:14:49 > 0:14:51assaulting them decades ago, when they were teenagers.
0:14:51 > 0:14:52He denies the claims.
0:14:52 > 0:14:55Nonetheless, he's been told to step down by a number
0:14:55 > 0:14:57of senior Republicans, including House Senate majority
0:14:57 > 0:15:07leader Mitch McConnell.
0:15:07 > 0:15:11Rajini Vaidyanathan is in Montgomery, Alabama.
0:15:11 > 0:15:18She can give as reaction from Alabama. Roy Moore is very defiant?
0:15:18 > 0:15:24Yes, he is. He's spoke at a rally last night. He has been tweeting
0:15:24 > 0:15:29today saying we will not quit. He says he is going to stay as
0:15:29 > 0:15:32candidate, but as you mentioned there is huge pressure from the
0:15:32 > 0:15:36Republican leadership for him to step aside in the wake of these
0:15:36 > 0:15:41allegations. Let's take a look at the story and some of the
0:15:41 > 0:15:46allegations made against him, which, of course, he denies.
0:15:46 > 0:15:49Out on the campaign trail, Roy Moore was defiant as he heads back at
0:15:49 > 0:15:56allegations of sexual assault.I am now facing allegations, and that's
0:15:56 > 0:16:00all the press want to talk about. But I want to talk about the issues.
0:16:00 > 0:16:03I want to talk about where this country is going.
0:16:03 > 0:16:08In the past week five women have accused him of sexual misconduct
0:16:08 > 0:16:12dating back several decades. He denies the claims. The youngest say
0:16:12 > 0:16:15she was just 14 when she was sexually assaulted.
0:16:15 > 0:16:20Beverly Young Nelson says she was 16 when he forced himself on her.I
0:16:20 > 0:16:25thought he was going to rape me, I was twisting and struggling and
0:16:25 > 0:16:29begging him to stop. The former judge is no stranger to
0:16:29 > 0:16:34controversy. He is pro-gun, anti-gay, doesn't believe in
0:16:34 > 0:16:38evolution and one said Islam was a false religion.
0:16:38 > 0:16:42At a gathering at Montgomery country club the majority of voters we
0:16:42 > 0:16:47talked to were not troubled by the allegations.You cannot tell how
0:16:47 > 0:16:51world anybody is in the south, for sure, some of these girls look like
0:16:51 > 0:16:56they are 20, some like they are 14. I don't know, that is why I say I
0:16:56 > 0:16:59feel it is very suspicious it took 40 years for anybody to come
0:16:59 > 0:17:03forward. I think they have been put up to it.
0:17:03 > 0:17:08That may have been problems 40 years, I don't know, but Judge Moore
0:17:08 > 0:17:15is a gracious man, a good man and he wants to win for this country.
0:17:15 > 0:17:19Unfortunately, in this state, I think he will still win. I don't
0:17:19 > 0:17:22think he should. Here and across the States there is
0:17:22 > 0:17:27still huge support for Roy Moore. Many say they do not like being told
0:17:27 > 0:17:31what to do and believe it is apolitical conspiracy conceived by
0:17:31 > 0:17:35the Democrats. But beyond these quarters, there is growing pressure
0:17:35 > 0:17:40on Roy Moore to step aside. Back in Washington, senior
0:17:40 > 0:17:42Republicans have been lining up to denounce him.
0:17:42 > 0:17:46Roy Moore should step aside. The women who have come forward are
0:17:46 > 0:17:52entirely credible, he is obviously not fit to be in the United States
0:17:52 > 0:17:57Senate.Fresh from his trip to Asia, Donald Trump will have to decide how
0:17:57 > 0:18:01to deal with the unfolding scandal. A year ago he himself was the
0:18:01 > 0:18:05subject of sexual assault allegations, which he denied, but
0:18:05 > 0:18:10they did not hurt his path to the White House. With Roy Moore still
0:18:10 > 0:18:12ahead in the polls, it might not make a difference in this race,
0:18:12 > 0:18:17either. Well, the latest opinion polls that
0:18:17 > 0:18:22have just been released this afternoon and Alabama suggest that
0:18:22 > 0:18:25actually the Democrats, and remember this is a solidly Republican state,
0:18:25 > 0:18:31could actually be gaining ground in the wake of these allegations. That
0:18:31 > 0:18:35does not reflect the people I have spoken to, the Republicans who say
0:18:35 > 0:18:40they are still very much behind Roy Moore. The local Republican steering
0:18:40 > 0:18:45committee here is due to speak within the hour to discuss what to
0:18:45 > 0:18:50do about Roy Moore's candidacy. Of course there is pressure from the
0:18:50 > 0:18:53Republican leadership for him to step aside in this race, but Roy
0:18:53 > 0:18:57Moore, a bit like President Trump, likes to make his views known on
0:18:57 > 0:19:02Twitter and has been tweeting this afternoon. He says we are everything
0:19:02 > 0:19:07the Washington elite hates, we will not quit. We also expect to hear
0:19:07 > 0:19:12from Roy Moore's lawyer in the next couple of hours as well, not sure
0:19:12 > 0:19:17what that statement might be. But the tweets suggest he is not going
0:19:17 > 0:19:19anywhere. Rajini
0:19:19 > 0:19:20anywhere. Rajini, thank you. Those elections
0:19:20 > 0:19:25coming up in December.
0:19:25 > 0:19:27The tit-for-tat between Russia and the United States over
0:19:27 > 0:19:29allegations that the Kremlin meddled in the 2016 US election
0:19:29 > 0:19:31has taken a new turn.
0:19:31 > 0:19:34Russian MPs have backed a law that could force foreign media outlets
0:19:34 > 0:19:37to register as foreign agents.
0:19:37 > 0:19:40It's in response to the States exerting pressure
0:19:40 > 0:19:43on the Kremlin-backed TV channel RT America to do the same,
0:19:43 > 0:19:49which it did on Monday.
0:19:49 > 0:19:52The US decision was in part based on this report released in January.
0:19:52 > 0:19:58In it, US intelligence agencies accuse the channel of involvement
0:19:58 > 0:20:00in a campaign of Russian interference in the election
0:20:00 > 0:20:08won by Donald Trump.
0:20:08 > 0:20:11From Moscow, Sarah Rainsford explains what the retaliation
0:20:11 > 0:20:21from the Russians means.
0:20:21 > 0:20:25The deputies here in Russia's lower house of parliament have voted
0:20:25 > 0:20:28unanimously in favour of the law which gives the government the right
0:20:28 > 0:20:33and ability to label all foreign media operating in Russia as foreign
0:20:33 > 0:20:38agents. What does that mean, it sounds sinister? It means any media
0:20:38 > 0:20:43company, whether funded by a foreign state or private individuals, could
0:20:43 > 0:20:46now be blacklisted, meaning any information that foreign media
0:20:46 > 0:20:51producers would have to be labelled as funded from abroad. It is a
0:20:51 > 0:21:01stigma, essentially. It means there will be all sorts of audits and
0:21:01 > 0:21:03bureaucratic hoops to jump through. Russia and the deputies in
0:21:03 > 0:21:06Parliament say they have been forced into this, it is a response to a
0:21:06 > 0:21:08step in America where the Russian state funded arty, Russia today, has
0:21:08 > 0:21:11been forced to register as a foreign agent.
0:21:11 > 0:21:15So they say the law was passed unanimously in the lower house, it
0:21:15 > 0:21:16needs to go to the Senate.
0:21:16 > 0:21:19And then has to be signed off by President Vladimir Putin.
0:21:19 > 0:21:21Let's hear from Russian politician Alexander Yushenko about why
0:21:21 > 0:21:31it was so well supported.
0:21:31 > 0:21:35TRANSLATION:We were forced to adopt the law by those who today do not
0:21:35 > 0:21:39allow Russian media to work openly at the territory of other states.
0:21:39 > 0:21:43The United States of America has clear double standards towards
0:21:43 > 0:21:46freedom of speech. They either like it or not and they suppress what
0:21:46 > 0:21:47they want to suppress.
0:21:47 > 0:21:49So who could this law affect?
0:21:49 > 0:21:59Well, US media such as Voice of America and its sister
0:22:04 > 0:22:06broadcaster Radio Free Europe, or Radio Liberty, are thought
0:22:06 > 0:22:08to be among the targets - they both receive funding
0:22:08 > 0:22:09from the US Congress.
0:22:09 > 0:22:11Here's Jeff Trimble of the Broadcasting Board of Governors.
0:22:12 > 0:22:15First of all, what we do in US/ International media is not
0:22:15 > 0:22:20propaganda, it is fact -based, independent, balanced journalism.
0:22:20 > 0:22:25Second, what we are looking at might happen from the Russian side, it
0:22:25 > 0:22:31would simply further constrain and close what is already an extremely
0:22:31 > 0:22:36difficult, almost closed market for US International media in Russia.
0:22:36 > 0:22:40That, as opposed to what the Russians have in the United States,
0:22:40 > 0:22:44where they can freely disseminate content via cable television, radio
0:22:44 > 0:22:48and other outlets.
0:22:48 > 0:22:53I am sure we will get more reaction on that. Let's turn to Australia,
0:22:53 > 0:22:55boaters have overwhelmingly supported legislating same-sex
0:22:55 > 0:23:01marriage. Roughly 80% of eligible voters took part in the non-binding
0:23:01 > 0:23:05survey, with 61.6% saying they support changes to the marriage
0:23:05 > 0:23:12laws. Lots of celebrations and scenes across Australia after the
0:23:12 > 0:23:15result was announced. Thousands of supporters of same-sex marriage took
0:23:15 > 0:23:21to the streets to celebrate the results. There were, of course,
0:23:21 > 0:23:26tears. This is Penny Wong, the leader of the Australian Labour
0:23:26 > 0:23:31Party in the nation's upper house, an openly gay woman. The result was
0:23:31 > 0:23:35so much for her, she was unable to hide her emotions. Both sides of the
0:23:35 > 0:23:39debate have reacted to this decision. This is a little of what
0:23:39 > 0:23:45we have heard. I was nervous today. For me, it was
0:23:45 > 0:23:49something that I was really anxious about, because it is such an
0:23:49 > 0:23:53important outcome for so many people right across the country, and we
0:23:53 > 0:23:58just wanted to get it right. The decision of the public should be
0:23:58 > 0:24:01respected by the parliament, but I think it is also very important that
0:24:01 > 0:24:08quite legitimate concerns that were raised by many people, including me
0:24:08 > 0:24:11and my friend and former Deputy Prime Minister John Anderson about
0:24:11 > 0:24:17the protection of parental rights, religious freedoms and freedom of
0:24:17 > 0:24:28speech, these are not small matters. The Australian people have declared
0:24:28 > 0:24:30overwhelmingly Australia is ready for marriage equality!
0:24:30 > 0:24:36CHEERING They voted yes for love.
0:24:36 > 0:24:42And now it is up to us here in the Parliament of Australia to get on
0:24:42 > 0:24:47with it, to get on with the job the Australian people have tasked as to
0:24:47 > 0:24:51do and get this done, this year, before Christmas.
0:24:51 > 0:24:56So a clear message, you heard the Australian Prime Minister saying he
0:24:56 > 0:24:58wants same-sex marriage legislation passed before Christmas.
0:24:58 > 0:25:04How realistic is that? Let's speak to Hywel Griffith, a la Sydney
0:25:04 > 0:25:06correspondent. Early in this campaign the
0:25:06 > 0:25:10government gave pledges it would bring legislation, a change in law
0:25:10 > 0:25:14by Christmas. That does not leave very long, but there is a bill ready
0:25:14 > 0:25:18and drafted to go. But there is a cancer bill being put forward by
0:25:18 > 0:25:25some or conservative politicians who were no voters and did not want the
0:25:25 > 0:25:28change, what they want measures put in to ensure the rights of religious
0:25:28 > 0:25:33freedoms and freedom of speech, potentially to measures against
0:25:33 > 0:25:37changes in education and gender, all the things they say a liberal elite
0:25:37 > 0:25:41wants to bring on the back of same-sex marriage. The debate is not
0:25:41 > 0:25:45over but the pledge has come from the Prime Minister and his Cabinet
0:25:45 > 0:25:49that they expect a change in law before the end of the year.
0:25:49 > 0:25:54Hywel Griffith in Sydney. He will monitor whether a change in law
0:25:54 > 0:25:56happens, whether they get it through before Christmas.
0:25:56 > 0:26:00Lots more coming up in the next edition of Outside Source, so stay
0:26:00 > 0:26:02with us.
0:26:09 > 0:26:12Here's your nightly look at some of the big weather stories. If you were
0:26:12 > 0:26:16with me this time yesterday we spoke about pollution across parts of
0:26:16 > 0:26:21India, that is ongoing at the moment. Also going as this area of
0:26:21 > 0:26:25cloud, the developing weather system pushing in from the Bay of Bengal,
0:26:25 > 0:26:29parts of north-east India in particular will seek flooding rains
0:26:29 > 0:26:32through Thursday and Friday, damaging winds as well, spreading to
0:26:32 > 0:26:35other parts of north-east India and Bangladesh. If you are planning a
0:26:35 > 0:26:45trip to North America very soon, something is going on at the moment.
0:26:45 > 0:26:47A weather system clearing away from the north-east, lots of rain and
0:26:47 > 0:26:50mountain snow in the West, but the big story is how temperatures
0:26:50 > 0:26:52oscillate from one extreme to the other, a little bit like we have
0:26:52 > 0:26:55seen in the UK as we continue to see ripples of Caldara Mark Roe push
0:26:55 > 0:27:00across Canada and the northern US, but crucially in the run-up to
0:27:00 > 0:27:03Thanksgiving, is very cold air pushing into the north-east,
0:27:03 > 0:27:07including New York and Washington. If you have a trip plan to the
0:27:07 > 0:27:11Caribbean, unusually heavy rainfall for the time of year across an
0:27:11 > 0:27:14essential parts, clusters of thunderstorms easing away from parts
0:27:14 > 0:27:21of Cuba and Jamaica, that Haiti, Dominican Republic and Puerto Rico
0:27:21 > 0:27:24are particularly wet, around Costa Rica and Panama, the potential of
0:27:24 > 0:27:26flooding rains over the next few days.
0:27:26 > 0:27:30There are flooding rains in the Mediterranean, this cloud has
0:27:30 > 0:27:34spiralled, produced well over a month's worth of rain in 24 hours to
0:27:34 > 0:27:38the east of Italy, and we have seen snow fall and damaging winds. Here
0:27:38 > 0:27:45is the scene in Greece through parts of this week. Torrential
0:27:45 > 0:27:48thunderstorms, flash flooding, damaging transport disruption.
0:27:48 > 0:27:54No P at, the central Mediterranean, the area of low pressure circulates,
0:27:54 > 0:27:59could strengthen further, bringing cold air across Sardinia, more rain
0:27:59 > 0:28:03across Sicily and southern parts of Italy and sporadic but intense
0:28:03 > 0:28:05thunderstorms on Thursday across Greece.
0:28:05 > 0:28:10Through Thursday into Friday, those bright colours could mount up to
0:28:10 > 0:28:14several hundred millimetres of rain in parts of Greece and southern
0:28:14 > 0:28:19Italy and the winds strengthened. This circulation might get returned
0:28:19 > 0:28:24by Friday in which the low pressure system has some of the
0:28:24 > 0:28:29characteristics of a hurricane, instead of being driven by strong
0:28:29 > 0:28:34seas it is a contrast. The wind is not as strong as a hurricane boat is
0:28:34 > 0:28:38enough to cause damage and destruction, perhaps more problems
0:28:38 > 0:28:41with frequent lightning and flash flooding.
0:28:41 > 0:28:45Back to the UK, turning brighter tomorrow but also colder, because we
0:28:45 > 0:28:50have a band of rain. It starts early doors in Scotland and Northern
0:28:50 > 0:28:53Ireland, sweets towards southern England and Wales and by the end of
0:28:53 > 0:28:57the day Sunshine follows in its wake, temperatures dropping. More
0:28:57 > 0:29:02details and your weather for the week ahead in half an hour.
0:30:10 > 0:30:11Hello, I'm Kasia Madera.
0:30:11 > 0:30:13This is Outside Source, and these are the main stories
0:30:14 > 0:30:15here in the BBC Newsroom:
0:30:15 > 0:30:17Zimbabwe's leader Robert Mugabe is detained as the army seizes
0:30:17 > 0:30:19control of the country - but they insist they
0:30:19 > 0:30:27are not staging a coup.
0:30:27 > 0:30:33We are only targeting criminals around him who are committing crimes
0:30:33 > 0:30:37that are causing social and economic suffering in the country.Remember
0:30:37 > 0:30:56you can always get in touch. The hashtag is BBCOS.
0:30:57 > 0:31:00Hello, welcome.
0:31:00 > 0:31:02After nearly 40 years as leader of Zimbabwe,
0:31:02 > 0:31:05President Robert Mugabe has been detained in the capital.
0:31:05 > 0:31:07The army has taken control in Harare - armoured
0:31:07 > 0:31:09vehicles are on the streets.
0:31:09 > 0:31:13The military's denied it's a coup, but it seems to be a move to thwart
0:31:13 > 0:31:16the ambitions of Mr Mugabe's wife Grace to become the next president.
0:31:16 > 0:31:24The BBC's Shingai Nyoka is in Zimbabwe.
0:31:24 > 0:31:28This is what Zimbabweans woke up to this morning, tanks on the streets
0:31:28 > 0:31:33of their capital city. Something that has never happened in nearly 40
0:31:33 > 0:31:37years of independence. So what has changed? The answer came early this
0:31:37 > 0:31:41morning, with a statement from the military on state TV, saying that
0:31:41 > 0:31:47the Mugabe family was safe and that this was not a coup.What this
0:31:47 > 0:31:55defence forces is doing is to pacify a degenerated political, social and
0:31:55 > 0:32:01economic situation in our country, which is not addressed may result in
0:32:01 > 0:32:07a violent conflict.Overnight, President Mugabe, the world's oldest
0:32:07 > 0:32:12leader, lost control of the country he has led for 37 years. The
0:32:12 > 0:32:16generals say he remains president, but clearly there is no longer
0:32:16 > 0:32:20calling the shots. The presence of the military is being felt here on
0:32:20 > 0:32:24the streets of Harare, and some parts of the city are locked on.
0:32:24 > 0:32:29This is as close as we can get to some of the military tanks that have
0:32:29 > 0:32:33stationed themselves in strategic positions. One, as you can see here,
0:32:33 > 0:32:37has blocked off access to the President's office. Another has
0:32:37 > 0:32:41blocked off access to Parliament. The president still has his
0:32:41 > 0:32:45supporters, especially in rural areas, but here in Harare it is a
0:32:45 > 0:32:51different story. TRANSLATION:We are going to have a good life now. We
0:32:51 > 0:32:54looking forward to Christmas because of what has happened. We want to
0:32:54 > 0:32:58thank those who organise this, and we want them to remain until our
0:32:58 > 0:33:04problems are resolved.I want to thank the generals for removing this
0:33:04 > 0:33:09tyrant. He was ruling the country as if it belonged to his family.Much
0:33:09 > 0:33:13will depend on how Zimbabwe's neighbours react, especially South
0:33:13 > 0:33:17Africa. Its president Jacob Zuma spoke on the telephone to Mr Mugabe
0:33:17 > 0:33:22earlier. He will now sensor that the's defence minister to Zimbabwe
0:33:22 > 0:33:27to assess the situation first-hand. I am hoping that the defence Force
0:33:27 > 0:33:34will not move and do more damage, that they will be able to respect
0:33:34 > 0:33:38the constitution of Zimbabwe as well as the people of Zimbabwe.But in
0:33:38 > 0:33:42the end this was all about a power struggle within Zimbabwe's ruling
0:33:42 > 0:33:49party. Last week this man on the left, Emerson Mnangagwa, was sacked
0:33:49 > 0:33:54as vice president. Like Mugabe he was a veteran of the country's
0:33:54 > 0:33:57struggle for independence but in recent years he has found himself up
0:33:57 > 0:34:03against this woman, Robert Mugabe's young, ambitious, and some would say
0:34:03 > 0:34:12ruthless, wife. One of the most important figures in the country.
0:34:12 > 0:34:18She is a divisive figure. Listen to the reception. These were boos, not
0:34:18 > 0:34:24cheers.I will do it, I don't care! She had wanted to take over as vice
0:34:24 > 0:34:27president. Tonight a warning from the British Foreign Office to
0:34:27 > 0:34:32British nationals in the country. Stay at home, stay in your hotel
0:34:32 > 0:34:35room, wait until things settle down a little bit.Zimbabweans wonder
0:34:35 > 0:34:44what lies ahead. President Robert Mugabe remains in the country while
0:34:44 > 0:34:52the whereabouts of his wife is not clear. Shingai Nyoka, Zimbabwe. A
0:34:52 > 0:34:57lot of confusion but it is important to stress the military in Zimbabwe
0:34:57 > 0:35:00are calling for calm.
0:35:00 > 0:35:03The US Secretary of State has called for a credible and independent
0:35:03 > 0:35:04investigation into abuses against Myanmar's Rohingya Muslims.
0:35:04 > 0:35:07Rex Tillerson's comments came on a visit to the country
0:35:07 > 0:35:10and a meeting with its de facto leader, Aung San Suu Kyi.
0:35:10 > 0:35:12He pledged more aid for the Rohingya refugees who've fled to Bangladesh.
0:35:12 > 0:35:23Mr Tillerson called what's happened "horrific."
0:35:28 > 0:35:29It's hard to watch what's happening.
0:35:29 > 0:35:32So that's the sense of urgency, as we want to see the human
0:35:32 > 0:35:33suffering relieved.
0:35:33 > 0:35:36The crisis itself won't end until a lot of very deep
0:35:36 > 0:35:40issues are addressed, and that will take time.
0:35:40 > 0:35:42Barbara Plett-Usher is at the State Department
0:35:42 > 0:35:44in Washington and told me about the questioning
0:35:44 > 0:35:48of Aung San Suu Kyi.
0:35:48 > 0:35:52She was asked point-blank about why she had stayed silent about the
0:35:52 > 0:35:55atrocities committed, and she said I wasn't silent, I just wasn't
0:35:55 > 0:35:59interesting or exciting. I was trying to be accurate, suggesting in
0:35:59 > 0:36:02general she had been trying not to further inflame the sectarian
0:36:02 > 0:36:06tensions behind the violence. Her defenders also say she has to tread
0:36:06 > 0:36:11carefully because if she provoked the army it may roll back further
0:36:11 > 0:36:15the Democratic gains that have been made, and it was interesting she
0:36:15 > 0:36:22said that Myanmar could co-operate with the United States and the
0:36:22 > 0:36:24international community in addressing this crisis is the focus
0:36:24 > 0:36:30was on peace and security and not on punishment, which seems to have been
0:36:30 > 0:36:34Mr Tillerson's approach, because she thanked him for keeping an open mind
0:36:34 > 0:36:38and for his understanding.Briefly, if you would, the issue of
0:36:38 > 0:36:42sanctions, he said it was something not advisable at this stage. Quite
0:36:42 > 0:36:46surprising?Said targeted sanctions might be a possibility if there was
0:36:46 > 0:37:00more evidence about who exactly is the perpetrators called for these
0:37:00 > 0:37:01investigations, but he said broad-based sanctions would not
0:37:01 > 0:37:04solve the crisis. It was a very complex crisis that needed time to
0:37:04 > 0:37:07be resolved, so he said that was not the answer. But he said what was the
0:37:07 > 0:37:09answer was for the humanitarian crisis to be resolved immediately
0:37:09 > 0:37:12and he called on the government and the army to act on statements they
0:37:12 > 0:37:14had made about bringing refugees back safely.Of course we have had
0:37:14 > 0:37:18the Burmese military investigation. How does that fit into all of this.
0:37:18 > 0:37:22That is something he was dressing before he came, that there should be
0:37:22 > 0:37:25a credible investigation of what happened so that those responsible
0:37:25 > 0:37:30could be held to account. He repeated that quite a lot during his
0:37:30 > 0:37:34comments after meeting with both the head of the Army and with Aung San
0:37:34 > 0:37:38Suu Kyi. I think he said about six times there should be a credible and
0:37:38 > 0:37:42independent investigation, no doubt a response to the military's ever,
0:37:42 > 0:37:45it's an internal investigation which found out it has done absolutely
0:37:45 > 0:37:48nothing wrong, and it an edge those details just before he games, so
0:37:48 > 0:37:53that would be his answer to them. Of course the military has also refused
0:37:53 > 0:37:57UN investigators to do this independent investigation as has the
0:37:57 > 0:38:00civilian government headed by Aung San Suu Kyi but Washington has been
0:38:00 > 0:38:03careful to hold the military accountable for what is happening
0:38:03 > 0:38:06and to express support for the civilian government, and Rex
0:38:06 > 0:38:10Tillerson did that too. Again and again during his comments he said we
0:38:10 > 0:38:13support the elected government, we are committed to the democratic
0:38:13 > 0:38:16transition and working through this crisis is a big part of that and
0:38:16 > 0:38:21that is the US goal, so that was his message.Barbara Plett-Usher at the
0:38:21 > 0:38:26US State Department, thank you. Time for a bit of history.
0:38:26 > 0:38:29There are fewer than 20 surviving paintings by Leonardo da Vinci -
0:38:29 > 0:38:31most of them are held in the world's great museums.
0:38:31 > 0:38:34There is just one in private hands, Salvator Mundi -
0:38:34 > 0:38:36a painting of Christ as the Saviour of the World.
0:38:36 > 0:38:39The work is expected to fetch at least $100 million
0:38:39 > 0:38:43at auction in New York in a few hours' time.
0:38:43 > 0:38:45Martin Kemp is an art history professor at Oxford University
0:38:45 > 0:38:48and said that the work might not fetch the price that the current
0:38:48 > 0:38:51owner paid out for it.
0:38:51 > 0:39:02He paid over 136 million for it, and we know he was sold at by a man who
0:39:02 > 0:39:08runs tax-free facilities for storing works of art. And he paid 15 million
0:39:08 > 0:39:12less for it, so if the price is between the two it will struggle to
0:39:12 > 0:39:19make 100, but we will see. It is being put in a celebrity modern
0:39:19 > 0:39:24picture, so they hope to boost it that way. It was incredibly badly
0:39:24 > 0:39:30damaged and heavily restored, but when it was all cleaned and tidied I
0:39:30 > 0:39:34think there is no doubt about it. What happened was at some point it
0:39:34 > 0:39:38got badly damaged. It was on a panel that sort of lifted and somebody has
0:39:38 > 0:39:41shaved off the bits lifted which was a hideous thing to do, then
0:39:41 > 0:39:45repainted over the top of it to make it look like a picture again.
0:39:45 > 0:39:52Horrible things happen to pictures, they haven't the heart -- horrible
0:39:52 > 0:39:55things have happened to pictures in the past and they certainly have to
0:39:55 > 0:39:59this one. Two dealers noticed it and thought it might be worth a punt,
0:39:59 > 0:40:03just to see what we have got here, and when they started cleaning it
0:40:03 > 0:40:10and taking off this terrible over painting, they began to see, wow,
0:40:10 > 0:40:14this is really quite something.You can keep an eye on that and all of
0:40:14 > 0:40:18our stories on our website.
0:40:18 > 0:40:21The British Foreign Secretary, Boris Johnson, has held his first
0:40:21 > 0:40:22meeting with the husband of Nazanin Zaghari-Ratcliffe,
0:40:22 > 0:40:28the British citizen jailed in Iran.
0:40:28 > 0:40:33Mr Johnson pledged to leave no stone unturned in trying to free her.
0:40:33 > 0:40:39Mr Ratcliffe described the meeting as "positive and constructive".
0:40:39 > 0:40:40Lucy Manning reports.
0:40:40 > 0:40:46He has waited 19 months.
0:40:46 > 0:40:49Richard Ratcliffe finally on his way to meet the Foreign Secretary,
0:40:49 > 0:40:52with his wife still in prison in Iran.
0:40:52 > 0:40:54Nazanin Zaghari-Ratcliffe, a dual citizen, was accused
0:40:54 > 0:40:59of trying to overthrow the Iranian regime.
0:40:59 > 0:41:01Today her husband said the meeting was positive,
0:41:01 > 0:41:05but there were reservations about giving his wife diplomatic
0:41:05 > 0:41:08protection and he's still waiting to hear if he can travel to Iran
0:41:08 > 0:41:11with the Foreign Secretary.
0:41:11 > 0:41:13He said, "Listen, I'm open to the idea, you know,
0:41:13 > 0:41:16I would love you to come.
0:41:16 > 0:41:20But I need to check both with the Foreign Office officials,
0:41:20 > 0:41:23whether they think it is a good idea, and also with Iran."
0:41:23 > 0:41:26How closer do you think you are now to your wife
0:41:26 > 0:41:27coming home for Christmas?
0:41:27 > 0:41:29Well, the Foreign Secretary did not make any promises.
0:41:29 > 0:41:30He promised to do his best.
0:41:30 > 0:41:33And, you know, I could not ask for more than that.
0:41:33 > 0:41:37In terms of how close do I feel, it feels like with all the attention
0:41:37 > 0:41:39and concern, that can only be a good thing.
0:41:39 > 0:41:41But the Foreign Office has always been reserved that more attention
0:41:42 > 0:41:43makes it more complicated.
0:41:43 > 0:41:45Mr Johnson upset the family two weeks ago, appeared
0:41:45 > 0:41:47to contradict her claim that she was just
0:41:47 > 0:41:48in Iran on holiday.
0:41:48 > 0:41:49He spoke ahead of the meeting.
0:41:49 > 0:41:52People here in the Foreign Office and across government has been
0:41:52 > 0:41:59working very hard over the last 19 months to secure the release
0:41:59 > 0:42:01of Nazanin Zaghari-Ratcliffe, and indeed to solve some other very
0:42:01 > 0:42:03difficult consular cases in Iran.
0:42:03 > 0:42:08And we are going to continue to do that.
0:42:08 > 0:42:13And we will leave absolutely no stone unturned.
0:42:13 > 0:42:17If you ask me if Nazanin is still cross with him,
0:42:17 > 0:42:19yes, she is still cross with him.
0:42:19 > 0:42:22If you ask me if I am cross, I'm not cross.
0:42:22 > 0:42:24Me, I'm focused on just bringing her home.
0:42:24 > 0:42:26And to bring home his three-year-old daughter Gabriella
0:42:26 > 0:42:29who is also still in Iran.
0:42:29 > 0:42:32Mr Ratcliffe now has the publicity and the political profile,
0:42:32 > 0:42:37but will it help to ensure the release of his wife?
0:42:37 > 0:42:39The kind of concessions that the Iranians want
0:42:39 > 0:42:44of the British Government cannot be done publicly.
0:42:44 > 0:42:47It is much better to try and do these things behind the scenes,
0:42:47 > 0:42:50just as the kind of concessions that they have to give goes
0:42:50 > 0:42:53through a similar sort of stages.
0:42:53 > 0:42:56But with reports the charity worker's health is deteriorating,
0:42:56 > 0:42:58her husband hopes there can be a diplomatic solution.
0:42:58 > 0:43:02Lucy Manning, BBC News.
0:43:02 > 0:43:06Let's turn to Afghanistan now.
0:43:06 > 0:43:13In particular to poppy production, opium production.
0:43:13 > 0:43:16A report by the United Nations has revealed opium production has jumped
0:43:16 > 0:43:19to record level, increasing by 87% in 2017.
0:43:19 > 0:43:20Let me show you this map.
0:43:20 > 0:43:24It shows the change in opium production in the last 12 months.
0:43:24 > 0:43:26The yellow shows provinces where things stayed the same,
0:43:26 > 0:43:30the pink - an increase of 11 to 39%, and the red are areas
0:43:30 > 0:43:32where opium cultivation has increased by more than 40%.
0:43:32 > 0:43:35The white are provinces that are "poppy free".
0:43:35 > 0:43:39Afghanistan's opium drives most of the world's supply of heroin.
0:43:39 > 0:43:42Secunder Kermani travelled to Kabul, he found children as young as nine
0:43:42 > 0:43:52are becoming opium addicts.
0:44:04 > 0:44:08They seem happy enough, but these children are some of Afghanistan's
0:44:08 > 0:44:11youngest heroin addicts. We are not showing their faces at the request
0:44:11 > 0:44:17of the centre they R:N.. Most are here with their mothers, also being
0:44:17 > 0:44:21treated for addiction. -- the centre they are in. This nine-year-old
0:44:21 > 0:44:27began smoking heroin three months ago. TRANSLATION:We were living
0:44:27 > 0:44:31with our aunt, she was an addict. One day I had a toothache and she
0:44:31 > 0:44:34said, spoke this and you will get better. After that I became addicted
0:44:34 > 0:44:39and so did my mum and my dad. It was really hard for me to give up at
0:44:39 > 0:44:45first. My body hurt and I used to cry a lot.Children spend 45 days in
0:44:45 > 0:44:47the clinic, undergoing counselling and medical treatment, but the
0:44:47 > 0:44:54number of admissions is rising, and some end up back here.
0:44:54 > 0:44:57TRANSLATION:Once they leave our centre they go back to their homes,
0:44:57 > 0:45:03where they got addicted in the first place. So they end up coming back
0:45:03 > 0:45:13here. Some children have returned three or four times.There are over
0:45:13 > 0:45:161000 reported child addicts in Afghanistan and only ten centres
0:45:16 > 0:45:20like this one to treat them. A report by the United Nations says
0:45:20 > 0:45:24more opium than ever is being produced in the country, which means
0:45:24 > 0:45:28more children will end up here, and it means more heroin in the streets
0:45:28 > 0:45:32across the world. The vast majority of the global
0:45:32 > 0:45:36supply of heroin is made from opium cultivated in Afghanistan. For some
0:45:36 > 0:45:41farmers it is the easiest way to support their impoverished families,
0:45:41 > 0:45:46and it is believed to be one of the main sources of income for the
0:45:46 > 0:45:49Taliban.Until we really start fighting with opium the way we are
0:45:49 > 0:45:55doing with terrorism, these two, they either two sides of the same
0:45:55 > 0:45:59coin, so it is a concern. If there is a rise, most definitely, they are
0:45:59 > 0:46:07getting more money for the war. In a squalid camp underneath the
0:46:07 > 0:46:10bridge in Kabul hundreds of heroin users gather every day. If they are
0:46:10 > 0:46:14not treated, this is where the child addicts will end up living, too.
0:46:14 > 0:46:19Drugs adding to the misery in a troubled country. Secunder Kermani,
0:46:19 > 0:46:22BBC News, Kabul.
0:46:22 > 0:46:25As Secunder Kermani alluded to, the implications of this massive
0:46:25 > 0:46:27increase in opium cultivation travel well beyond the borders
0:46:27 > 0:46:28of Afghanistan.
0:46:28 > 0:46:31Here's the UN's Angela Me - who was part of the team
0:46:31 > 0:46:34behind this report.
0:46:34 > 0:46:37This is a record high and will have tremendous implications, both inside
0:46:37 > 0:46:39Afghanistan, but also outside Afghanistan, in its neighbouring
0:46:39 > 0:46:41countries, but also on the streets of London or other European cities,
0:46:41 > 0:46:44where there will be much more heroin available cheaper, and so more
0:46:44 > 0:46:47affordable, and so this may cause an increase in drug use and heroin
0:46:47 > 0:46:50used throughout the world.
0:46:50 > 0:46:51There are underlying causes why farmers have
0:46:51 > 0:46:55turned to opium in Afghanistan, and this is the weak rule of law, of
0:46:55 > 0:46:57limited economic opportunities that farmers have in Afghanistan.
0:46:57 > 0:46:58But this year this has been exacerbated
0:46:58 > 0:47:00by the deterioration in political stability and an security,
0:47:00 > 0:47:03particularly in the north of Afghanistan, where we see there has
0:47:03 > 0:47:13been a large increase in production.
0:47:34 > 0:47:43Angela part, of the UN team behind that report. -- Angela Me, part of
0:47:43 > 0:47:46the UN team.
0:47:46 > 0:47:48Leading politicians are heading to Germany today to join the world's
0:47:49 > 0:47:50annual talks on climate change.
0:47:50 > 0:47:52They're trying to finalise the details from the big climate
0:47:52 > 0:47:54change accord in Paris two years ago.
0:47:54 > 0:47:56One controversial element is the attempt by President Trump
0:47:56 > 0:47:58to sell American coal technology at the conference.
0:47:58 > 0:47:59Here's our environment analyst Roger Harrabin.
0:47:59 > 0:48:00Are we changing the climate?
0:48:00 > 0:48:03Well, scientists are more convinced than ever that it's mainly our fault
0:48:03 > 0:48:05that the planet is heating.
0:48:05 > 0:48:1013 US agencies say there is no other realistic cause.
0:48:10 > 0:48:12Scientists say carbon dioxide emissions from our society
0:48:12 > 0:48:14didn't trigger the California wildfires, for instance,
0:48:14 > 0:48:15but it did make them worse.
0:48:15 > 0:48:17The oceans are also absorbing some of that carbon dioxide
0:48:17 > 0:48:19and that is making sea water more acidic.
0:48:19 > 0:48:22Scientists warn that all marine life will be affected.
0:48:22 > 0:48:24The vast majority of the countries in the world understand that
0:48:24 > 0:48:26climate change is real, that it's caused by humans,
0:48:26 > 0:48:28that it's already doing great damage to life, health,
0:48:29 > 0:48:30property, economies and ecosystems.
0:48:30 > 0:48:32And that it's in everybody's interest to work together
0:48:32 > 0:48:33to reduce the threat.
0:48:33 > 0:48:43So what are we doing about it?
0:48:46 > 0:48:49In Paris, world leaders promised to hold the world's temperature rise
0:48:49 > 0:48:51as close as possible to 1.5 Celsius.
0:48:51 > 0:48:55That is thought to be a danger point.
0:48:55 > 0:49:00That would mean very steep cuts in greenhouse gases.
0:49:00 > 0:49:01But look, this is what the politicians' pledges
0:49:02 > 0:49:03in Paris will give us.
0:49:03 > 0:49:04A steadily increasing level of greenhouse gases.
0:49:04 > 0:49:07So there's a huge gap between what politicians are doing
0:49:07 > 0:49:12and what they admit they need to do.
0:49:12 > 0:49:14And unless things improve, scientists think we're heading
0:49:14 > 0:49:16for a dangerous temperature rise of three Celsius.
0:49:16 > 0:49:26So what is this meeting about?
0:49:27 > 0:49:29CHANTING:Save the world!
0:49:29 > 0:49:32This year, governments, led by Fiji, have gathered to agree
0:49:32 > 0:49:34the fine print of the Paris Climate Accord.
0:49:34 > 0:49:36Every nation is on board, except the USA.
0:49:36 > 0:49:38My administration is putting an end to the war on coal.
0:49:38 > 0:49:41We're going to have clean coal, really clean coal.
0:49:41 > 0:49:42But environmentalists are furious that President Trump
0:49:42 > 0:49:44is trying to promote coal at the climate talks.
0:49:44 > 0:49:47Some developing countries do want the energy that coal can bring.
0:49:47 > 0:49:49But scientists are clear that the climate cannot be
0:49:49 > 0:49:59stabilised if nations invest heavily in coal.
0:50:13 > 0:50:14Nobody said it was easy.
0:50:14 > 0:50:16Roger Harrabin, BBC News.
0:50:16 > 0:50:18And now for some history from the Witness team.
0:50:18 > 0:50:20Today we're going back to a very different era -
0:50:20 > 0:50:24and the closure of a national institution here in the UK.
0:50:24 > 0:50:26The Windmill Theatre in London's Soho was -
0:50:26 > 0:50:30for a long time - one of the few places in Britain you could see
0:50:30 > 0:50:31naked women onstage, due to a loophole in
0:50:31 > 0:50:37the censorship laws.
0:50:37 > 0:50:39Former Windmill performer Jill Millard Shapiro
0:50:39 > 0:50:49talks about her memories of performing at the theatre.
0:51:04 > 0:51:06ARCHIVE FOOTAGE:A particular blend of glamour and tattiness,
0:51:06 > 0:51:07sweat and Eau de Cologne.
0:51:07 > 0:51:09Something seedy, yet also touching and innocent...
0:51:09 > 0:51:10It was a national institution.
0:51:10 > 0:51:11There was nowhere else like it.
0:51:11 > 0:51:12They never can be.
0:51:12 > 0:51:13There never can be.
0:51:13 > 0:51:15Whatever it was, it has a great story...
0:51:15 > 0:51:16It was by accident.
0:51:16 > 0:51:19I was walking along Archer Street, and I saw the sign saying,
0:51:19 > 0:51:21"Windmill Theatre, stage, door."
0:51:21 > 0:51:26So I walked in, I don't know why, and I said to the stage door man,
0:51:26 > 0:51:37can I have an addition, please? So the phoned upstairs to the office,
0:51:37 > 0:51:40and I went upstairs, and Vivian didn't audition me, but he just
0:51:40 > 0:51:44said, I like you, and I will take a chance on you. What he didn't know
0:51:44 > 0:51:49is that I was 14 and a half years old. He signed the contract, then
0:51:49 > 0:51:53realised my age and told me to go home and come back when I was 15 and
0:51:53 > 0:52:03a half, so I did. I didn't realise it was naughty. Looking back at it,
0:52:03 > 0:52:14I think, yes, it was! The Windmill was nonstop review, it was called
0:52:14 > 0:52:23Revudeville, so it was a review theatre, with nudes. Once you bought
0:52:23 > 0:52:25your first ticket, that was it, so the audience could sit there all
0:52:25 > 0:52:31day.The proudest years of the Windmill were during the Second
0:52:31 > 0:52:36World War. It allowed nothing to interfere.It was only West End
0:52:36 > 0:52:41theatre open throughout the London Blitz. And really brave girls who
0:52:41 > 0:52:46stood there while the bombs landed, all around them.The house manager
0:52:46 > 0:52:50came out onto the stage, stops the show, and ask the audience if they
0:52:50 > 0:52:53wanted the performance to continue. Almost every time the answer was
0:52:53 > 0:53:03yes. One of the most important things,
0:53:03 > 0:53:10and they think the audience would come to see, it was the nude poses
0:53:10 > 0:53:14at the back of the stage. It was the obscenity laws, and you were not
0:53:14 > 0:53:19allowed to move in the nude on a London stage or on any stage in the
0:53:19 > 0:53:25country. It was censorship.You can't be sexy if you stand still.
0:53:25 > 0:53:32Well, I don't know...Saw the Lord Chamberlain's office, they'd come.
0:53:32 > 0:53:37Very happily. They were very pleased to come to the shows and say, no,
0:53:37 > 0:53:41that's a bit too much, you can't say that, but they always kept us off on
0:53:41 > 0:53:58their way. -- tipped us off. 1964, and by then so -- Soho had changed a
0:53:58 > 0:54:01lot with the strip clubs. Three streets away, where we weren't
0:54:01 > 0:54:05allowed to move, she did she get about as much as she liked, so we
0:54:05 > 0:54:08lost a lot of the audience. People who perhaps wanted to see more, they
0:54:08 > 0:54:12could go to the clubs, whereas we were still a theatre, and we thought
0:54:12 > 0:54:19it was better to close. While we were still respected, than to even
0:54:19 > 0:54:23attempt to change, and the girls wouldn't have done it. So we closed.
0:54:23 > 0:54:30With our heads held high. We're all friends to this day, those of us who
0:54:30 > 0:54:39are still living. Being Windmill girls.Goodness, what memories, but
0:54:39 > 0:54:46certainly a different a row. That was a fantastic character.
0:54:46 > 0:54:48The former Windmill Girl Jill Millard Shapiro talking
0:54:48 > 0:54:52about her memories of performing at the Windmill Theatre.
0:54:52 > 0:54:55Here in London. What's more is always on our website and you can
0:54:55 > 0:55:07get in touch with me and the team on social media.