0:00:06 > 0:00:12Hello, I'm Ros Atkins, this is Outside Source.
0:00:12 > 0:00:14Donald Trump has repeatedly been critical of
0:00:14 > 0:00:16the Deputy Director of the FBI Andrew McCabe.
0:00:16 > 0:00:18There had been reports he wanted him gone.
0:00:18 > 0:00:28Well, now Mr McCabe is stepping down.
0:00:28 > 0:00:31The president wasn't part of the decision-making process and we would
0:00:31 > 0:00:33refer you to the FBI.
0:00:33 > 0:00:35German car manufacturers face criticism for pollution tests that
0:00:35 > 0:00:36forced monkeys to inhale fumes.
0:00:36 > 0:00:39We'll hear from the journalist who broke the story.
0:00:39 > 0:00:47More women in Iran have taken off their headscarves in protest.
0:00:47 > 0:00:50BBC Persian will help us with this story.
0:00:50 > 0:00:52And a new discovery from 80 million years ago.
0:00:52 > 0:00:55We will hear how a new dinosaur species is being called the holy
0:00:55 > 0:00:56grail for palaeontologists.
0:00:56 > 0:01:00It has been found in Egypt.
0:01:09 > 0:01:13FBI Deputy Director Andrew McCabe has resigned.
0:01:13 > 0:01:16Donald Trump has often criticised him for being politically biased.
0:01:16 > 0:01:22There were reports last week that that the President wanted him gone -
0:01:22 > 0:01:25and that he'd asked Andrew McCabe who he voted for in a meeting
0:01:25 > 0:01:27in the Oval Office.
0:01:27 > 0:01:33This was President Trump's reaction to the news a little while ago.
0:01:33 > 0:01:39Have you been told Andrew McCabe is resigning?Thank you, thank you.He
0:01:39 > 0:01:46did not say very much.
0:01:46 > 0:01:51We can talk to Barbara Plett Usher, in Washington.
0:01:51 > 0:01:57Why might he have stepped down now? He was planning to retire in March
0:01:57 > 0:02:04so this has taken us by surprise, it was expected he would step down in
0:02:04 > 0:02:10March, but not now, but broadly speaking he has had a rough year, he
0:02:10 > 0:02:13has been criticised by Donald Trump on his Twitter a cat, accusing him
0:02:13 > 0:02:21of being politically biased -- Twitter account. Some of the
0:02:21 > 0:02:24Republicans have also said he is buyers and that is because of his
0:02:24 > 0:02:28association with the former FBI director James Comey who was fired
0:02:28 > 0:02:33by the President and also his alleged connections to Hillary
0:02:33 > 0:02:36Clinton through his wife, although the FBI sees him as a very respected
0:02:36 > 0:02:43professional. Why he would then decide to step down now, so soon
0:02:43 > 0:02:46before his retirement, we don't have a clear answer, but one suggestion
0:02:46 > 0:02:51in the media has been that the director of the FBI, the new one,
0:02:51 > 0:02:56had been planning to bring in a new team and had told Andrew McCabe he
0:02:56 > 0:03:01would not be part of it so he could make a decision about what to do.
0:03:01 > 0:03:04Another more political reason is that the Republican house
0:03:04 > 0:03:08intelligence committee has been looking at a secret memo that it has
0:03:08 > 0:03:15rich apparently accuses Andrew McCabe of misusing his surveillance
0:03:15 > 0:03:23powers in connection with the Ross -- rush investigation and so he
0:03:23 > 0:03:28decided to step down because this was about to be made public -- in
0:03:28 > 0:03:32connection with the Russia investigation. The White House has
0:03:32 > 0:03:36said Donald Trump has not had a direct input into the decision but
0:03:36 > 0:03:39Andrew McCabe has had a rough year and now he decided perhaps that now
0:03:39 > 0:03:45was the time to go.After James Comey, as well, it raises the line
0:03:45 > 0:03:48as to whether the dividing line between the politicians and the
0:03:48 > 0:03:56Department of justice is as clear as it should be.Yes, the president
0:03:56 > 0:03:58fired James Comey and there are reports that he tried to fire the
0:03:58 > 0:04:02special counsel who is running the investigation on alleged possible
0:04:02 > 0:04:06collusion between Donald Trump's campaign and Russian election
0:04:06 > 0:04:11meddling, that is Robert Mueller, that he tried to fire him, and we
0:04:11 > 0:04:15know he is unhappy with Jeff Sessions for accusing himself from
0:04:15 > 0:04:20the investigation. He said Jeff Sessions should be protecting him,
0:04:20 > 0:04:27and we know he is unhappy with the deputy Attorney General, he has
0:04:27 > 0:04:33targeted the senior FBI officials and the partner justice officials,
0:04:33 > 0:04:36and now you also have the Republicans who are coming forward
0:04:36 > 0:04:42with these criticisms -- department of justice officials. The Democrats
0:04:42 > 0:04:46think this is a way of undermining the credibility of the investigation
0:04:46 > 0:04:54itself stop we can now go to a story which beggars belief, really.
0:04:54 > 0:04:56You might have thought Volkswagen had had enough of bad PR.
0:04:56 > 0:04:57But here's another story.
0:04:57 > 0:05:03According to this article by the New York Times,
0:05:03 > 0:05:06it details how VW along with other German manufacturers, funded
0:05:06 > 0:05:07experiments that reportedly involved monkeys -
0:05:07 > 0:05:17and even humans - inhaling diesel exhaust fumes.
0:05:17 > 0:05:21The story says ten monkeys were kept in airtight chambers
0:05:21 > 0:05:23while they breathed in fumes from a Volkswagen Beetle
0:05:23 > 0:05:24in an Albuquerque laboratory.
0:05:24 > 0:05:26Researchers were trying to prove the latest diesel
0:05:26 > 0:05:31technology isn't carcinogenic.
0:05:31 > 0:05:34This seems to have succeeded in proving they are very out of line
0:05:34 > 0:05:35with public sentiment.
0:05:35 > 0:05:37Volkswagen, BMW and Daimler, which owns Mercedes-Benz,
0:05:37 > 0:05:40were also funding this research.
0:05:40 > 0:05:45After seven months it was stopped because of gathering controversy.
0:05:45 > 0:05:49We have looked at how German politicians have been reacting.
0:05:49 > 0:05:52"Abominable, absurd and abhorrent", are just a few of the words we've
0:05:52 > 0:05:53spotted German politicians using.
0:05:53 > 0:05:54Here are some others.
0:05:54 > 0:06:00TRANSLATION:These tests on monkeys and humans are not justifiable in
0:06:00 > 0:06:03any way and they raise many critical questions about those who have stood
0:06:03 > 0:06:11behind these tests.TRANSLATION:The results that were collected that the
0:06:11 > 0:06:14inhalation of diesel emissions over several rows is not hazardous is
0:06:14 > 0:06:20scientifically complete nonsense -- several hours. This is also an
0:06:20 > 0:06:23assault because it is not healthy to let test subjects breathed this in
0:06:23 > 0:06:31and even to mistreat ten monkeys this way, it is completely crazy.
0:06:31 > 0:06:34Lest we forget, back in 2015, Volkswagen was at the centre
0:06:34 > 0:06:38of the diesel emissions scandal.
0:06:38 > 0:06:41It installed software in its cars to alter its emissions data.
0:06:41 > 0:06:43Two people have already been jailed because of this.
0:06:43 > 0:06:48This is one of them - Oliver Schmidt jailed for 7 years.
0:06:48 > 0:06:56And so far it's cost VW $30 billion in fines.
0:06:56 > 0:06:58The companies have been keen to put out statements.
0:06:58 > 0:07:02Here are some statements.
0:07:23 > 0:07:30The EUGT is the umbrella group that commissioned the work -
0:07:30 > 0:07:33and which the companies in part fund.
0:07:33 > 0:07:36Jack Ewing is the New York Times journalist who broke the story -
0:07:36 > 0:07:38author of a book about the VW emissions scandal.
0:07:38 > 0:07:41He joined me earlier from Frankfurt.
0:07:41 > 0:07:50I was able to get hold of some documents some months ago, testimony
0:07:50 > 0:07:54from a scientist in a lab in Albuquerque that had conducted the
0:07:54 > 0:07:59test and then I had to do legwork to find out exactly what happened and
0:07:59 > 0:08:03get reaction from the companies and so on. And then I came out with a
0:08:03 > 0:08:07story last Friday which frankly had more of a reaction than even I
0:08:07 > 0:08:13expected.It is hard to imagine the moment when these big car companies
0:08:13 > 0:08:20said OK to this idea.It tells you how industry lobbying works, they
0:08:20 > 0:08:26formed this organisation and the idea was to commission scientific
0:08:26 > 0:08:30research which would help them argue that diesel was not harmful to your
0:08:30 > 0:08:36health. This is when diesel is under increasing attack and there was
0:08:36 > 0:08:42increasing evidence that it was causing cancer and all sorts of
0:08:42 > 0:08:48serious health problems. They were looking for a way to push against
0:08:48 > 0:08:54the negative news that was coming their way but clearly they messed up
0:08:54 > 0:09:01pretty badly.Does the car industry use animals in any other tests that
0:09:01 > 0:09:07may be we are not aware of?I'm not aware of that but we will see what
0:09:07 > 0:09:11comes out in the next couple of weeks because when you have a story
0:09:11 > 0:09:13like this people start coming out of the woodwork and tell you about
0:09:13 > 0:09:18other examples but this is the only one I know about.The context of
0:09:18 > 0:09:24this in Germany, especially, huge enthusiasm to maintain the diesel
0:09:24 > 0:09:27car and even Angela Merkel has been very supportive of it in the past
0:09:27 > 0:09:32few months for the German Liverpool car industry is very invested in
0:09:32 > 0:09:38diesel and the Germans were the firstto claim diesel for passengers
0:09:38 > 0:09:43cars and that is why they have the dominance they do now. Diesel is
0:09:43 > 0:09:51also very important for the luxury car-makers because it is what runs
0:09:51 > 0:09:57these luxury cars. Diesel is losing a share of the car market and that
0:09:57 > 0:10:06is a big problem for German car makers.
0:10:06 > 0:10:10Now we are going to turn to Iran.
0:10:10 > 0:10:13Last week on OS we told you about the woman behind
0:10:13 > 0:10:15a remarkable protest in Tehran in late December.
0:10:15 > 0:10:17This is the video that's been heavily shared
0:10:17 > 0:10:21in the weeks since.
0:10:21 > 0:10:23The woman stood on what looks like a grey electrical box
0:10:23 > 0:10:28waving her hijab as a white flag on the end of a stick.
0:10:28 > 0:10:31The hashtag whoisshe was heavily used.
0:10:31 > 0:10:33But as we discussed last week, social media users have
0:10:33 > 0:10:43identified her as 31 year old Vida Movahed.
0:10:43 > 0:10:46Here's a close-up photo that's been widely shared of her.
0:10:46 > 0:10:52She was arrested for that protest but was released three days ago.
0:10:52 > 0:10:56Since then more women have begun protesting.
0:10:56 > 0:11:01One woman appears to have gone back to the site
0:11:01 > 0:11:02of the original protest - Eng-el-ab street.
0:11:02 > 0:11:09Eng-el-ab means revolution.
0:11:09 > 0:11:16This looks like it has been taken on the same box. This is the original
0:11:16 > 0:11:20protest and this is the follow-up protest.
0:11:20 > 0:11:25These are other pictures being shared.
0:11:25 > 0:11:28All the women have their hijabs on the end of sticks.
0:11:28 > 0:11:31As they stand still.
0:11:31 > 0:11:33Hijabs have been compulsory for women in Tehran ever
0:11:34 > 0:11:41since the Revolution in 1979.
0:11:43 > 0:11:56These are some comments on Twitter from activists.
0:11:59 > 0:12:01BBC Persian's Rana Rahimpour first told us about this -
0:12:01 > 0:12:03got back in touch today - here's her update.
0:12:03 > 0:12:06Women have done this and they know about the consequences and I know
0:12:06 > 0:12:11what happened to her. -- though no. The organiser of the campaign, based
0:12:11 > 0:12:17in New York, she started a campaign called White Wednesdays and she
0:12:17 > 0:12:24asked women in Iran who opposed compulsory hijab to wear a white
0:12:24 > 0:12:29scarf, and initially it was quite discreet, with a selfie in a car,
0:12:29 > 0:12:34places that are not obvious but this time around it is very public and
0:12:34 > 0:12:37they are clearly trying to humiliate the Islamic republic which has been
0:12:37 > 0:12:43forcing women in the last 40 years to wear the headscarf. It is a
0:12:43 > 0:12:49message to them that they will be peaceful but they want to have a
0:12:49 > 0:12:55choice. It is interesting, the debate.Are we sing a connection
0:12:55 > 0:12:57between these women and their protests against the hijab and the
0:12:57 > 0:13:05broader protests we have soon? -- seeing a connection.This is part of
0:13:05 > 0:13:10the broader protests, the demands on the younger generation, and there's
0:13:10 > 0:13:15a clear gap between the richest leaders of the country and the 70%
0:13:15 > 0:13:19of the population which is under 35, by a very well connected and
0:13:19 > 0:13:23educated and they want to live in a free society. Some politicians
0:13:23 > 0:13:29understand that, President Rouhani has acknowledged it but the
0:13:29 > 0:13:33political religious elite are out of touch with this which in my opinion
0:13:33 > 0:13:39can be the beginning of a larger at least women's movement.I suspect we
0:13:39 > 0:13:42will be talking to her again in the week.
0:13:42 > 0:13:47Stay with us on Outside Source - still to come.
0:13:47 > 0:13:54We have a report on artificial intelligence.
0:13:57 > 0:14:00Everyone who currently receives the main disability benefit will now
0:14:00 > 0:14:02have their claims reviewed - after a court ruled that new changes
0:14:02 > 0:14:04to personal independence payments discriminated against people
0:14:04 > 0:14:06with mental health conditions.
0:14:06 > 0:14:07The overall bill could cost the government nearly
0:14:07 > 0:14:08£4 billion.
0:14:08 > 0:14:15It comes after the the Department for Work and Pensions decided not
0:14:15 > 0:14:18to challenge a court ruling that said changes to PIP
0:14:18 > 0:14:20were unfair to people with mental health conditions.
0:14:20 > 0:14:22Our social affairs correspondent Michael Buchanan explained what this
0:14:22 > 0:14:32could mean for claimants.
0:14:39 > 0:14:44Everyone will have their case reviewed, and this is a complex
0:14:44 > 0:14:47exercise, but we know at the end of the process an estimated 220,000
0:14:47 > 0:14:53people will see extra money and that the cost of the government by 2022
0:14:53 > 0:15:04will be somewhere in the region of £3.7 billion.
0:15:10 > 0:15:13This is Outside Source live from the BBC newsroom.
0:15:13 > 0:15:14Our lead story:
0:15:14 > 0:15:16The Deputy Director of the FBI, Andrew McCabe,
0:15:16 > 0:15:18is stepping down, several weeks before he was due to retire.
0:15:18 > 0:15:20It comes a week after reports suggested President Trump
0:15:20 > 0:15:30wanted him removed.
0:15:31 > 0:15:34North Korea has abruptly cancelled a cultural event it was
0:15:34 > 0:15:36supposed to be hosting with South Korea next week.
0:15:36 > 0:15:38A telegram from the North reportedly blamed "biased" and "insulting"
0:15:38 > 0:15:40media coverage in the South.
0:15:40 > 0:15:42Russia's Paralympic team has been banned from competing in next
0:15:42 > 0:15:45month's games over doping allegations - however some athletes
0:15:45 > 0:15:48will be able to compete under a neutral flag.
0:15:48 > 0:15:51The International Paralympic Committee
0:15:51 > 0:15:56says about 35 athletes will be able to compete in five sports -
0:15:56 > 0:16:03that's on BBC Russian.
0:16:03 > 0:16:05David Beckham has unveiled some details of his new US
0:16:05 > 0:16:10Major League Soccer team in Miami.
0:16:10 > 0:16:13"It's has been a hell of a journey", Beckahm said at a press conference.
0:16:13 > 0:16:16Certainly has - but after four tortuous years a stadium
0:16:16 > 0:16:17and financing is sorted.
0:16:17 > 0:16:18We await the name.
0:16:18 > 0:16:19Right, Brexit.
0:16:19 > 0:16:21The EU has approved negotiating terms for a transition
0:16:21 > 0:16:27period for the UK.
0:16:27 > 0:16:29This is for the period of time that follows the UK
0:16:29 > 0:16:30leaving in March next year.
0:16:30 > 0:16:34The EU says the UK must follow the rules of the EU -
0:16:34 > 0:16:42but won't have any say in them.
0:16:42 > 0:16:47Also, EU citizens must be able to settle in the UK as they can now.
0:16:47 > 0:16:49And the transition will end in December 2020 -
0:16:49 > 0:16:55so it'll be under two years.
0:16:55 > 0:16:59This is the EU's lead brexit negotiator Michel Barnier.
0:16:59 > 0:17:00TRANSLATION:
0:17:04 > 0:17:07The UK will continue to take part in this and go market and the customs
0:17:07 > 0:17:13union and all union policies -- in the single market. It will continue
0:17:13 > 0:17:17to have all direct benefits and therefore it must also apply all the
0:17:17 > 0:17:24EU rules, the single market cannot be a la cart.
0:17:24 > 0:17:27Here's Adam Fleming in Brussels:
0:17:27 > 0:17:35The technical name for this is the negotiating directives that the EU
0:17:35 > 0:17:39member countries have given to Michel Barnier to negotiate the
0:17:39 > 0:17:42transition period with the UK, UK would like a broadly agreed by the
0:17:42 > 0:17:47end of March so businesses and families get as much certainty as
0:17:47 > 0:17:51possible about what the transition period will involve but it is not
0:17:51 > 0:17:58clear to me how much the EU side is prepared to negotiate. For example
0:17:58 > 0:18:01David Davis the Brexit secretary, the thing he's worried about is what
0:18:01 > 0:18:06happens if the EU comes up with a new law at flag regulation that
0:18:06 > 0:18:10could affect the UK in the transition period and UK is obliged
0:18:10 > 0:18:15to accept it and he wants a mechanism by which the UK could get
0:18:15 > 0:18:21involved but Michel Barnier says the best UK can hope for is to be
0:18:21 > 0:18:27involved in for consultations if the other countries agree.If the UK
0:18:27 > 0:18:29doesn't want to swallow this and the EU is not prepared to negotiate,
0:18:29 > 0:18:36what happens?Under the transition proposal the UK would be subject to
0:18:36 > 0:18:40all the rules and the regulations and the supervisory and judicial
0:18:40 > 0:18:43mechanisms that exist as it is a member and that means the commission
0:18:43 > 0:18:49doing some surveillance to make sure you are sticking to the rules and
0:18:49 > 0:18:52you are implementing new legislation and the European Court of Justice
0:18:52 > 0:18:55being able to sanction you and levy a fine if you are not complying by
0:18:55 > 0:19:02EU laws. The UK Government would like something written into this
0:19:02 > 0:19:06agreement so they would be consulted and have some kind of say, but their
0:19:06 > 0:19:10full-back this vision is they are crossing their fingers and saying,
0:19:10 > 0:19:14look how long it takes the EU to come up with new legislation, it is
0:19:14 > 0:19:18actually very unlikely that within a two-year period in the transition
0:19:18 > 0:19:22period the EU will come up with anything big enough or serious
0:19:22 > 0:19:27enough that could affect the UK in that period.While that is all
0:19:27 > 0:19:32happening in Brussels, in London there have been questions about
0:19:32 > 0:19:36Theresa May's leadership of the Conservative Party and the country,
0:19:36 > 0:19:40primarily connected to her handling of Brexit, one Conservative MP said
0:19:40 > 0:19:43it was time for her to a Herath oratory but that time was running
0:19:43 > 0:19:55out -- for her to assert.
0:19:55 > 0:19:58Here's our Political Editor Laura Kuenssberg.
0:19:58 > 0:20:01There have been Tory ministers talking about Theresa May's
0:20:01 > 0:20:06leadership, no one calling for her to go but some Brexiteers putting
0:20:06 > 0:20:11the idea of a table that she would have to do things their way if they
0:20:11 > 0:20:14are going to support her, but transition is providing the latest
0:20:14 > 0:20:20flash point in a long-running saga of Tory divisions over Brexit. Yes
0:20:20 > 0:20:24there are some differences over the EU's position and the UK
0:20:24 > 0:20:29Government's position over how they manage the transition period after
0:20:29 > 0:20:34we leave in March next year, but it has again exposed the real divisions
0:20:34 > 0:20:39on the Tory benches over this, and some Tory backbenchers and many
0:20:39 > 0:20:44voters may feel if in the two years after Brexit date, not very much
0:20:44 > 0:20:48changes, much of the status quo remains the same, and we have no say
0:20:48 > 0:20:53over the rules, what was really the point of the referendum and choosing
0:20:53 > 0:20:58to leave? On the flip side, for those who voted remain and many in
0:20:58 > 0:21:02government, that period is vital so that businesses are not suddenly cut
0:21:02 > 0:21:06off their biggest market overnight and so that people have time to get
0:21:06 > 0:21:11used to the world outside the European Union but these divisions
0:21:11 > 0:21:14are not going away, the divisions in the Tory party if anything are
0:21:14 > 0:21:18intensifying and there is a real demand now for the Prime Minister to
0:21:18 > 0:21:22be clear about what she wants, not just over transition but over the
0:21:22 > 0:21:32long term deal, as well.From one set of fiendishly difficult
0:21:32 > 0:21:33negotiations to another.
0:21:33 > 0:21:35US officials say there's been progress in talks
0:21:35 > 0:21:41to save the NAFTA trade deal.
0:21:41 > 0:21:45That's the agreement governing trade between America, Canada and Mexico.
0:21:45 > 0:21:50President Trump has threatened to pull out unless changes are made.
0:21:50 > 0:21:58Now, the Americans are expressing some optimism.
0:21:58 > 0:22:01Yogita Limaye is with us now.
0:22:01 > 0:22:06This round of talks, firstly we have the trade Secretary come out and say
0:22:06 > 0:22:10they are making progress, although the progress is very slow. That is a
0:22:10 > 0:22:16big change from a situation where there were fears that the US would
0:22:16 > 0:22:20pull out of the free trade agreement altogether. We have also learned in
0:22:20 > 0:22:24the past two hours that there is now a seventh round of talks that will
0:22:24 > 0:22:29be held in Mexico City from the 26th of Briatte until the 6th of March,
0:22:29 > 0:22:34and then there is what could be the final round of talks in Washington
0:22:34 > 0:22:42in March -- 26th of February. These are new talks which have been added
0:22:42 > 0:22:48in Mexico City. Progress has been made but there are sticking points,
0:22:48 > 0:22:51and broadly there are three sticking points, one to do with the auto
0:22:51 > 0:22:56sector and one with disputes redress and the other with the sunset
0:22:56 > 0:23:01clause, so basically America saying that this agreement that they have
0:23:01 > 0:23:06should have a finish line and it should terminate at the end of five
0:23:06 > 0:23:12years and then the three countries can either renegotiate it. Those are
0:23:12 > 0:23:16the three sticking points, but we know Canada has put forward some
0:23:16 > 0:23:20proposals that were not made in the last round of talks and that is the
0:23:20 > 0:23:23reason why these talks have progressed this time around.Who
0:23:23 > 0:23:28does the negotiating? Presumably the politicians don't sit down very
0:23:28 > 0:23:36often.Of course, bureaucrats, but there is US trade Secretary and from
0:23:36 > 0:23:40Canada and Mexico the foreign ministers of those countries, so
0:23:40 > 0:23:45those are the leaders of the negotiations so to speak, and then
0:23:45 > 0:23:52an army of bureaucrats because this is a very complex agreement. Each
0:23:52 > 0:23:59side, knows that the word war are always tough and I'm sure there is a
0:23:59 > 0:24:06big army of bureaucrats, as well. -- each side knows that the
0:24:06 > 0:24:11negotiations are always tough.
0:24:11 > 0:24:12Report now on how Artificial Intelligence
0:24:12 > 0:24:13could impact on education.
0:24:13 > 0:24:16Katie Silver's been looking at some of the products already
0:24:16 > 0:24:18coming onto the market.
0:24:18 > 0:24:22If you look down you should be able to see the magma underground for
0:24:22 > 0:24:30them going inside avolcano... To New York... Even a trip to space,
0:24:30 > 0:24:35all without ever leaving the classroom, Virtual reality is the
0:24:35 > 0:24:43future of education.You can create your own content, plug a camera in
0:24:43 > 0:24:48and create 360 content.Simon's company has partnered with Google to
0:24:48 > 0:24:53sell virtual reality sets to schools. A robotics company also
0:24:53 > 0:24:58wants to educate tomorrow's workforce.There will be several
0:24:58 > 0:25:01different skills, getting the introduction to computer science and
0:25:01 > 0:25:04mechanical engineering and electrical systems, setting them up
0:25:04 > 0:25:10to pursue careers in those fields. Companies are also using drones, to
0:25:10 > 0:25:19inspire children to code, using software by the company, parrot,
0:25:19 > 0:25:21children pilot the machines and learn mathematical concepts at the
0:25:21 > 0:25:30same sign. Global technology is expected to reach $150 million by
0:25:30 > 0:25:352020 -- $150 billion. All these companies are looking for a bit of
0:25:35 > 0:25:39the pie, there are even companies which allow children to print 3-D
0:25:39 > 0:25:43pens to match their handgrip. But whether they will be using pens and
0:25:43 > 0:25:53paper is anyone's guess. In the next half an hour we have reports on
0:25:53 > 0:26:00Nairobi and from Egypt and from the border between Iraq and Syria.
0:26:08 > 0:26:11Time for a look at some of the big stories on the go in terms of the
0:26:11 > 0:26:16weather forecast and we look down under, New Zealand with a very hot
0:26:16 > 0:26:20start to 2018, and January is on course to be the hottest on record,
0:26:20 > 0:26:26aided by some unusually warm waters off the West Coast. In the South
0:26:26 > 0:26:31Island we could have temperatures in Canterbury hitting 40 on Tuesday.
0:26:31 > 0:26:35Not far from their all-time record, but the heat wave will break down in
0:26:35 > 0:26:41spectacular fashion later this week. A tropical cyclone near new
0:26:41 > 0:26:44Caledonian will move south and join forces with a weather front coming
0:26:44 > 0:26:50from the Tasman Sea and across the South Island, very strong and
0:26:50 > 0:26:55damaging winds but also a month's worth of rain falling in two days
0:26:55 > 0:27:03enough to cause widespread flooding. In Australia, the heat has been
0:27:03 > 0:27:07brought down thanks to this cloud, but let's focus on this area cloud,
0:27:07 > 0:27:13this is a tropical low which could strengthen over the next few days
0:27:13 > 0:27:17because of what is called the Brown ocean effect, saturated ground in
0:27:17 > 0:27:21western parts of Australia and it will strengthen rather than weaken
0:27:21 > 0:27:26as it moves over that, bringing strong winds and torrential rain
0:27:26 > 0:27:32storms. The could see flooding in the next few days. We will stay with
0:27:32 > 0:27:39the flooding theme -- we could. Into the United States and also Canada,
0:27:39 > 0:27:42the ribbon of cloud is producing huge amounts of rain, flash flooding
0:27:42 > 0:27:48and mudslides, and also snow in the Northern Rockies which will ease off
0:27:48 > 0:27:52in cheese day afternoon but further south, Southern California is hot
0:27:52 > 0:27:59and windy -- Tuesday afternoon. Wildfire risk in Cape Town but the
0:27:59 > 0:28:03problem is the lack of rainfall, and there's a chance we would have a few
0:28:03 > 0:28:09spots of rain on Tuesday but the rest of the week is dry and day zero
0:28:09 > 0:28:12is when they will turn the taps off in Cape Town, that is getting ever
0:28:12 > 0:28:18closer. In Asia it is all about the cold, ongoing cold, lots of snow in
0:28:18 > 0:28:22northern parts of Japan, temperatures struggling above
0:28:22 > 0:28:27freezing, and in Europe, the coldest area is in the north-east, where
0:28:27 > 0:28:33there will be so in western Russia. High pressure in central areas will
0:28:33 > 0:28:39keep things quiet, but down towards the south of Spain, Gibraltar and
0:28:39 > 0:28:49Morocco, some very very strong winds at the moment, and it could give --
0:28:49 > 0:28:53it could mean some tough times, but for the UK, many will be waking up
0:28:53 > 0:28:58to a touch of frost, the cold weather is back.
0:30:07 > 0:30:10Hello, I'm Ros Atkins, this is Outside Source,
0:30:10 > 0:30:19and these are the main stories here in the BBC Newsroom.
0:30:20 > 0:30:23Donald Trump has been repeatedly critical of the Deputy Director
0:30:23 > 0:30:28of the FBI Andrew McCabe.
0:30:28 > 0:30:41We would refer you to the FBI. And we are going to be live in Rio
0:30:41 > 0:30:45to understand why a city in the middle of the Amazon in Brazil is
0:30:45 > 0:30:56the country's new murder capital.
0:31:03 > 0:31:06President Trump will give his State of the Union address this week.
0:31:06 > 0:31:10Of course we will be covering it.
0:31:10 > 0:31:12In it he's expected to outline his plan to rebuild
0:31:12 > 0:31:16America's infrastructure - including how to pay for it -
0:31:16 > 0:31:19expect some disagreement on that.
0:31:19 > 0:31:27Jane O'Brien's made this report on what needs to get done.
0:31:27 > 0:31:31Day break in the nation's capital ap already traffic is grinding to a
0:31:31 > 0:31:35halt on one of the busiest bridges into the city. This bridge is
0:31:35 > 0:31:39clearly struggling to deal with the volume of traffic. Is that typical?
0:31:39 > 0:31:43This is typical of our entire network. Our infrastructure, our
0:31:43 > 0:31:47transportation network is failing to meet the needs of our communities.
0:31:47 > 0:31:51Kristina is President of the American society of civil engineers
0:31:51 > 0:31:55which rates the nation's infrastructure every four years. The
0:31:55 > 0:32:00current grade is D plus.If we don't invest in our infrastructure it will
0:32:00 > 0:32:05cost the US economy $3. 9 trillion in GDP by 2025. Seven trillion lost
0:32:05 > 0:32:09in business sales in that same timeframe and 2.5 million lost jobs.
0:32:09 > 0:32:15This will hurt our economy and it hurts us each individually.
0:32:15 > 0:32:20President Trump wants to focus on infrastructure this year and some
0:32:20 > 0:32:25areas need urgent attention. A broken water main at New York's JFK
0:32:25 > 0:32:29international airport compounded the effects of a winter storm early
0:32:29 > 0:32:32January, causing chaos and additional flight cancellations. US
0:32:32 > 0:32:37airports serve more than two million passengers a day but buildings and
0:32:37 > 0:32:41systems aren't keeping pace and aviation gets a D.
0:32:41 > 0:32:47Traffic delays cost the US economy an estimated $160 billion a year in
0:32:47 > 0:32:52wasted time and fuel. One in five miles of highway is in poor
0:32:52 > 0:32:58condition. Roads also score a D. Even worse is public transit,
0:32:58 > 0:33:02despite an increase in demand, chronic underfunding has left an
0:33:02 > 0:33:06ageing infrastructure and a $90 billion improvement backlog. D
0:33:06 > 0:33:09minus. When you own your home, the last
0:33:09 > 0:33:16thing you really want to do is pay for that roof until water starts
0:33:16 > 0:33:21coming in and then you realise that you have no choice. I think that's
0:33:21 > 0:33:25what America's done. We have kept putting band aids and temporary
0:33:25 > 0:33:28fixes on our infrastructure system and we have done that for decades
0:33:28 > 0:33:32and we are now seeing the results. Washington is doing slightly better
0:33:32 > 0:33:39than the US as a whole with a score of C minus. One bridge is almost 707
0:33:39 > 0:33:44years old and in urgent need of replacement. -- 70. The estimated
0:33:44 > 0:33:50cost of the new structure is $441 million. But city planners say the
0:33:50 > 0:33:54project will create 1300 jobs and boost the economy. President Trump
0:33:54 > 0:33:59wants to invest a trillion dollars in the nation's infrastructure and
0:33:59 > 0:34:03speed things up by cutting the time to process permits. Exactly who will
0:34:03 > 0:34:09pay remains an open question. The one thing the President really needs
0:34:09 > 0:34:12is already in short supply, co-operation from Democrats.
0:34:12 > 0:34:16Everybody gress the problem is urgent but much like America's
0:34:16 > 0:34:28roads, getting from A to B could be a bumpy ride.
0:34:28 > 0:34:32We also publish hundreds of articles in over 30 different languages as
0:34:32 > 0:34:38well. This is the BBC Brazil website.
0:34:38 > 0:34:40Brazil have just published this story on latest
0:34:40 > 0:34:41crime statistics there.
0:34:41 > 0:34:44Crime is up generally - but there's attention on MAP a city
0:34:44 > 0:34:47called Rio Branco in the middle of the Amazon - it's
0:34:47 > 0:34:48the new murder capital of Brazil.
0:34:48 > 0:34:51In 2016, it had the largest spike in violence in Brazil -
0:34:51 > 0:34:53with 86% more homicides than the previous year.
0:34:53 > 0:35:01And the rates are still growing.
0:35:01 > 0:35:05Julia Carneiro, is in Rio de Janeiro.
0:35:05 > 0:35:11Hi, Julia. What's going on in this place?Well, this seems to have to
0:35:11 > 0:35:16do with the expansion of the drug trade in the Amazon region in the
0:35:16 > 0:35:21north of the country. There is the growing use of routes of drugs
0:35:21 > 0:35:25through the Amazon forest and this is affecting the security situation
0:35:25 > 0:35:33in states in the north of Brazil, but here in particular it's a state
0:35:33 > 0:35:38that borders Bolivia and Peru, which are countries which have production
0:35:38 > 0:35:44of cocaine there is a long border 1400 kilometres of border between
0:35:44 > 0:35:48these countries and that are very difficult to monitor because it's
0:35:48 > 0:35:53basically areas of rivers, covered by rain forests, so it's difficult
0:35:53 > 0:36:02to monitor which means it's easy for the drugs to stream in and this drug
0:36:02 > 0:36:06trade, these cartels, are being disputed by two or more different
0:36:06 > 0:36:12criminal factions so there is a very bloody battle going on there to
0:36:12 > 0:36:15retain control of the drug trade which is a very profitable market.
0:36:15 > 0:36:19Does that mean that even though the statistics are shocking, the
0:36:19 > 0:36:25majority of people dying are connected to the drug trade?Well,
0:36:25 > 0:36:29according to state authorities around 50% of the deaths happening
0:36:29 > 0:36:36there are regarded as drug-related, it may be even more, but we have
0:36:36 > 0:36:43very many cases where the homicides involve people in these drug cartels
0:36:43 > 0:36:49and many cases, several cases that we have seen, videos are disclosed
0:36:49 > 0:36:53of executions, grewssome videos showing people decapitated,
0:36:53 > 0:36:57sometimes people quartered and these videos are shared, it looks like the
0:36:57 > 0:37:02strategy there is to show the other cartels, the other drug groups, what
0:37:02 > 0:37:08each group is capable of and to scare them off. Like a menacing
0:37:08 > 0:37:13strategy. These videos are shocking the population, this is a city, one
0:37:13 > 0:37:19of the smallest capitals in Brazil, of around 380,000 inhabitants, it
0:37:19 > 0:37:23was a quiet city in a very remote area until recently but now it's
0:37:23 > 0:37:26become hostage of the security situation.
0:37:26 > 0:37:30We often talk about corruption in Brazil and how that's dominating
0:37:30 > 0:37:34politics. Presumably corruption makes it harder to fight these drug
0:37:34 > 0:37:42cartels.Yes, that's always a big problem here when you look into the
0:37:42 > 0:37:49whole structure of public security, policing, police in Brazil is
0:37:49 > 0:37:55historically underpaid so you have a system that ends up fostering cases
0:37:55 > 0:38:01of police getting involved in corruption, extortion schemes, but
0:38:01 > 0:38:05this is not the only problem. You have this lack of national
0:38:05 > 0:38:09intelligence and you have these drug cartels that are very powerful
0:38:09 > 0:38:14acting more and more on a national scale and expanding now more to the
0:38:14 > 0:38:17north of the country.Thank you for taking us through the crime
0:38:17 > 0:38:23statistics. If you speak Portuguese you can get
0:38:23 > 0:38:31news through BBC Brazil, Brazil with an S.
0:38:31 > 0:38:34I want to update you on the fighting on the Turkey Syria border.
0:38:34 > 0:38:36Turkey says it's that have seized an area which overlooks
0:38:36 > 0:38:38the border town of Azaz.
0:38:38 > 0:38:43Syria is accusing Turkey of destroying a 3,000-year-old
0:38:43 > 0:38:45temple with its airstrikes.
0:38:45 > 0:38:50This image which appears to show the damaged temple has been
0:38:50 > 0:38:53circulated by the UK-based Syrian Observatory for Human Rights.
0:38:53 > 0:38:55While this has been playing out in the last few days -
0:38:55 > 0:38:58in Turkey, more than 300 people have been arrested for posting messages
0:38:58 > 0:39:00on social media that criticises this military offensive.
0:39:00 > 0:39:10Mark Lowen has more details.
0:39:12 > 0:39:16This is a climate of ultra nationalism now in Turkey with this
0:39:16 > 0:39:20military offence I have a and really you are either seen as with the
0:39:20 > 0:39:23military offensive, or a potential symphathiser of terror, an enemy of
0:39:23 > 0:39:28the state, if you like. 300 or so people here who posted antiwar
0:39:28 > 0:39:32messages on social media have been detained. They're charged with
0:39:32 > 0:39:38terror propaganda. Over the weekend, the Turkish medical association
0:39:38 > 0:39:42which represents 83,000 doctors and nurses in Turkey said war is a
0:39:42 > 0:39:48threat to public health and can cause a humanitarian tragedy,
0:39:48 > 0:39:52Turkey's President denounced them as terrorist lovers, accused them of
0:39:52 > 0:39:57filth, betrayal and being agents of imperialism and anybody who was seen
0:39:57 > 0:40:00to challenge the Government's view especially on an issue like the war
0:40:00 > 0:40:04on the Kurdish militants in Syria or war on terrorist groups as Turkey
0:40:04 > 0:40:10sees it is seen as a challenge to the Government, symphathiser with
0:40:10 > 0:40:13terror, a terror propagandaist, 150,000 people have been stripped of
0:40:13 > 0:40:17their jobs or suspended or dismissed since the failed coup, 60,000 people
0:40:17 > 0:40:22in prison, so there's been a real crushing of free speech and in a
0:40:22 > 0:40:25climate of ult nationalism today you are kind of either seen as with us
0:40:25 > 0:40:31or against us. You can get more on that story and
0:40:31 > 0:40:42all the others on our website.
0:40:45 > 0:40:47Eleven Afghan soldiers have been killed by militants
0:40:47 > 0:40:48in the capital Kabul.
0:40:48 > 0:40:51Insurgents targeted an army unit at the National Defense University.
0:40:51 > 0:40:57The assault lasted five hours.
0:40:57 > 0:41:01So-called Islamic State says it's behind the attack.
0:41:01 > 0:41:05This is the third major attack in a week.
0:41:05 > 0:41:07On Saturday, an ambulance packed with explosives
0:41:07 > 0:41:11detonated in a busy area of Kabul, killing 100 people.
0:41:11 > 0:41:13And on 21st January insurgents stormed a luxury
0:41:13 > 0:41:16hotel killing 22 people.
0:41:16 > 0:41:22Here's one analyst in Kabul.
0:41:22 > 0:41:28Even according to our own standards of violence, daily violence in
0:41:28 > 0:41:33Afghanistan, this past week was terrible for Afghans because life is
0:41:33 > 0:41:36almost paralysed in the capital city. The Government is not flunging
0:41:36 > 0:41:39and people are not going out of -- not functioning and people are not
0:41:39 > 0:41:43going out of their houses and schools are closed and even
0:41:43 > 0:41:48according to our own standards it is terrible for people and people are
0:41:48 > 0:41:55frustrated. The frustration is not only because of the current level of
0:41:55 > 0:41:59violence, the frustration is advise aadvise of the Afghan Government, we
0:41:59 > 0:42:04ask why the Government is not able to prevent these kind of attacks, we
0:42:04 > 0:42:11don't know what extent of these sophisticated networks, the attack
0:42:11 > 0:42:14this morning in the military school is not something easy and simple, it
0:42:14 > 0:42:20requires a lot of work, a lot of preparation and planning and
0:42:20 > 0:42:28execution, we don't know if the operational level Isis is as well
0:42:28 > 0:42:34developed, because we know that behind many attacks in Kabul, we
0:42:34 > 0:42:38don't know to what extent Isis is capable of conducting similar type
0:42:38 > 0:42:46of sophisticated terrorist attacks in the city.
0:42:46 > 0:42:49This story is all about heat maps. This app creates them and it seems
0:42:49 > 0:42:57to have caused a major security alert. Strava produces these mats by
0:42:57 > 0:43:01showing paths users are taking as they run or cycle. This is how the
0:43:01 > 0:43:04heat map works. You can start by looking at a heat map of the world
0:43:04 > 0:43:08or Europe as we have there. But then if you want to you can drill down on
0:43:08 > 0:43:12anyone -- on any one location. We are drilling down on London as we go
0:43:12 > 0:43:16in and into central London, you can start to see the Thames and where
0:43:16 > 0:43:19people are running and cycling around there. If we go in even
0:43:19 > 0:43:23further you will see we have highlighted one of the main parks or
0:43:23 > 0:43:27in the centre of London. You can see exactly where people are running and
0:43:27 > 0:43:32cycling. In the case of a major park that's obviously not an issue. But
0:43:32 > 0:43:38could be if you are running around a military base. What you are seeing
0:43:38 > 0:43:41here is accumulated activity between 2015 and September of last year.
0:43:41 > 0:43:45Lots of military personnel have been using these trackers and so it's
0:43:45 > 0:43:52revealed the shapes of some military bases. For instance, this one,
0:43:52 > 0:43:57Bagram air base, the largest US military facility in Afghanistan.
0:43:57 > 0:44:01The guy to thank for this story is 20 and is studying at the Australian
0:44:01 > 0:44:09national University and released what he spotted on Twitter. He says.
0:44:16 > 0:44:21He says US bases are clearly identifiable and mappable. He shares
0:44:21 > 0:44:24another example where again you can see the facility outlined. Here is
0:44:24 > 0:44:29another tweet from him.
0:44:38 > 0:44:42Here is another diagram he has released. He talks about patterns of
0:44:42 > 0:44:47life meaning he shouldn't be able to tell how people are living on these
0:44:47 > 0:44:53bases but from this data he can. More context, in 2013 the Pentagon
0:44:53 > 0:44:57distributed these fitness trackers. It was concerned about obesity among
0:44:57 > 0:45:03military personnel, review - using that kit is now being reviewed.
0:45:03 > 0:45:10It's an app used by millions of people around the world to measure
0:45:10 > 0:45:13their cycling routes, running routes, generally their exercise
0:45:13 > 0:45:17routes. There is a competitive element. People like to compare
0:45:17 > 0:45:22themselves with others doing the same thing. There are privacy
0:45:22 > 0:45:28settings in the app. It appears most people kind of ignored them and are
0:45:28 > 0:45:32effectively broadcasting where they are. Strava in November published
0:45:32 > 0:45:35this fantastic resource, this global heat map showing where everybody in
0:45:35 > 0:45:39the world had been running, cycling, swimming, whatever, and it took a
0:45:39 > 0:45:44couple of months but an eagle-eyed researcher over the weekend has
0:45:44 > 0:45:49zeroed in on places around the world and said, hey, you can see - and it
0:45:49 > 0:45:57obviously applies more in places where the app is used sparsely, so
0:45:57 > 0:46:04that an air base in, I think it's in Afghanistan, that you are seeing
0:46:04 > 0:46:08there, because nobody else around there, the general Afghan population
0:46:08 > 0:46:13are not using it, it becomes very obvious that is where military
0:46:13 > 0:46:19personnel are based. People have been drilling through this data over
0:46:19 > 0:46:21the weekend and saying you can actually identify individuals if you
0:46:21 > 0:46:27are one of the app users and what time of day they'll be making those
0:46:27 > 0:46:31routes. Obviously, severe security implications and a bit of a wake-up
0:46:31 > 0:46:37call to how much data we are all putting out there. You sign up for
0:46:37 > 0:46:41one of these apps, in the first flush of excitement there may be a
0:46:41 > 0:46:45little box to tick and we all tick the box and it turns out we are
0:46:45 > 0:46:49sharing that data. We want to share that data in a certain way because
0:46:49 > 0:46:54we want to say I am ahead of my friend Fred, I cycled further or run
0:46:54 > 0:47:03further or whatever. I have done it myself on a running app. Then what
0:47:03 > 0:47:07surprised people is Strava, which has taken pride in this, it's
0:47:07 > 0:47:11published a blog post in November about the huge exercise, the
0:47:11 > 0:47:15software programming exercise involved in producing this heat map,
0:47:15 > 0:47:20very proud of it, but unseen implications. They have said they
0:47:20 > 0:47:26put out - they put it in that blog, private activities are excluded
0:47:26 > 0:47:31outright, athletes with the opt out privacy setting have all data
0:47:31 > 0:47:37excluded. I think there will be harsh messages coming, particularly
0:47:37 > 0:47:44from the military, to personnel about be careful out there.
0:47:44 > 0:47:47In Kenya, thousands have been left homeless and at least four people
0:47:47 > 0:47:48have died after a fire in Nairobi.
0:47:48 > 0:47:57Residents in the Lang'ata area used sewage water in an attempt to fight
0:47:57 > 0:48:05the fire because emergency services struggled to get access.
0:48:05 > 0:48:15David Wafula has been there.
0:48:19 > 0:48:24A slum in Nairobi, now destruction left behind by a raging inferno
0:48:24 > 0:48:29which lasted for six hours last night. Mariam leads me to the place
0:48:29 > 0:48:34she has called home for many years. She was a neighbour -- she was
0:48:34 > 0:48:39unable to salvage anything.I was using this...
0:48:39 > 0:48:43TRANSLATION: The situation is really bad. I don't know what we will eat.
0:48:43 > 0:48:47Although I have no appetite at all. I don't know where the children will
0:48:47 > 0:48:55sleep and what they will eat, it's very devastating.
0:48:55 > 0:48:59It has been over 12 hours since the fire broke out and burned this slum
0:48:59 > 0:49:04to ashes. Right now residents are combing through the rubble trying to
0:49:04 > 0:49:08salvage what they can when many are questioning disaster preparedness in
0:49:08 > 0:49:12Nairobi. TRANSLATION:The fire engines came
0:49:12 > 0:49:16but only worked for a short time. Then they didn't have enough water
0:49:16 > 0:49:21so the firefighters just stood by and watched as the fire continued
0:49:21 > 0:49:26raging. I haven't saved anything from my house and besides that I
0:49:26 > 0:49:34lost my brother. I have just identified his body.The Kenyan fire
0:49:34 > 0:49:38service has been accused of slow response and already a senior
0:49:38 > 0:49:42officer in the Government has been sent on compulsory leave over the
0:49:42 > 0:49:47handling of the incident.There were fire engines that responded but
0:49:47 > 0:49:53there were challenges in terms of access. But we managed to put it
0:49:53 > 0:49:57out, having about 6,000 households here require food and food items for
0:49:57 > 0:50:06support. So far, four people unfortunately have diedA temporary
0:50:06 > 0:50:11camp for those affected has been set up at a nearby school and a team is
0:50:11 > 0:50:17on the ground gathering evidence to establish the cause of the fire.
0:50:17 > 0:50:19Let's learn about a new species of dinosaur.
0:50:19 > 0:50:20Its fossilised remains were unearthed in Egypt
0:50:20 > 0:50:21in the Sahara Desert.
0:50:21 > 0:50:28You can see the dessert covers most of the country.
0:50:35 > 0:50:37-- You can see the desert covers most of the country.
0:50:37 > 0:50:39Palaeontologists from Mansoura University made the discovery.
0:50:39 > 0:50:46This is a sketch - it was giant plant-eater -
0:50:46 > 0:50:49about as long as a school bus, it would have weighed
0:50:49 > 0:50:52about the same as an elephant - and it lived around 80
0:50:52 > 0:50:53million years ago.
0:50:53 > 0:50:55I spoke with Dr Matt Lamanna, from the Carnegie Museum
0:50:55 > 0:50:58of Natural History about what this story means for him.
0:50:58 > 0:51:06We are superexcited about this discovery, this was something me and
0:51:06 > 0:51:09other people had been looking for a long time.Why did you have a
0:51:09 > 0:51:16feeling it existed?Well, because we were pretty sure that dinosaurs must
0:51:16 > 0:51:20have lived on the African continent towards the end of the age of
0:51:20 > 0:51:25dinosaurs but no one had ever found a good Skelton before. When the
0:51:25 > 0:51:29people at the university found this thing it was very exciting for all
0:51:29 > 0:51:34of us that were involved with the study of the animal.And what has it
0:51:34 > 0:51:38told us about dinosaurs in Africa? Well, it tells us that surprisingly
0:51:38 > 0:51:42at least this dinosaur, was closely related to dinosaurs that were
0:51:42 > 0:51:46living at almost the same time in places like Spain and France. In
0:51:46 > 0:51:50other words, in southern Europe. That tells us that dinosaurs, at
0:51:50 > 0:51:53least some, weren't isolated from dinosaurs living on other continents
0:51:53 > 0:51:58at the end of the age of dinosaurs, but rather had close relatives in
0:51:58 > 0:52:04Europe and also to some extent in Asia.The remains of this dinosaur
0:52:04 > 0:52:09were found in the Sahara, does that mean it was able to cope with
0:52:09 > 0:52:11extreme environments or would it have been different that long ago?
0:52:11 > 0:52:16That's a great question, it would have been a very different
0:52:16 > 0:52:22environment back then. We have evidence from fossil pollen, so
0:52:22 > 0:52:25fossilised pollen grains that tell us that lots of different kind of
0:52:25 > 0:52:28plants were also living in the environment where this dinosaur
0:52:28 > 0:52:38lived, so it would have been a lush, humid, well, possibly semi-arid, but
0:52:38 > 0:52:41coastal environment on the southern shore of the ancestor of the
0:52:41 > 0:52:46Mediterranean sea. What today is the middle of the desert in Egypt, would
0:52:46 > 0:52:49have been the southern shore of the ancestor of the Mediterranean.Can
0:52:49 > 0:52:53you help me understand the process between finding a Skelton and
0:52:53 > 0:52:57delivering a sketch like the one I have just shown, how do you work out
0:52:57 > 0:53:07exactly what they look like?Yeah, it is a long and involved process.
0:53:07 > 0:53:11So, unfortunately, the team didn't find the entire dinosaur but that's
0:53:11 > 0:53:17extraordinarily rare. We almost never have entire dinosaur skeletons
0:53:17 > 0:53:22to work from. We took the pieces we had and after we determined which
0:53:22 > 0:53:27were most closely related to this one, we used bones of those other
0:53:27 > 0:53:31relatives to fill in the skeletons of the missing bones of this animal
0:53:31 > 0:53:34to give an overall picture as to what the animal might have looked
0:53:34 > 0:53:39like.Presumably now you have an expectation you may find another and
0:53:39 > 0:53:43start filling in the picture in Africa?That's exactly it. In fact,
0:53:43 > 0:53:50we know, I don't know how much I can say... WillGo on, tease us!At
0:53:50 > 0:53:57least, I think I can mention this, we know of one other skeleton from
0:53:57 > 0:54:01this same time in Egypt, so, within the next few years I think we are
0:54:01 > 0:54:04going to have a much better idea of the dinosaurs that were living on
0:54:04 > 0:54:08Africa at the end of the age of dinosaurs.That's intriguing, if you
0:54:08 > 0:54:12find one does it make it easier to find a second?It can. There is an
0:54:12 > 0:54:18olded aage that the hardest fossil to find is the first. There is some
0:54:18 > 0:54:24truth to that. Each rock formation that yields dinosaur fossils, the
0:54:24 > 0:54:28fossils look different in different formations, so once you find the
0:54:28 > 0:54:33first one, it does tend to be the case that others will follow.You
0:54:33 > 0:54:38heard it on Outside Source, the hardest fossil to find is the first.
0:54:38 > 0:54:45Much more on that story on the science section of the BBC News app.
0:54:45 > 0:54:50You can download it now. Remember, as well as the biggest global
0:54:50 > 0:54:55stories, if there are stories you think we should be picking up you
0:54:55 > 0:54:59can send me messages. See you tomorrow.