0:00:02 > 0:00:05This programme contains some scenes which some viewers may find upsetting.
0:00:05 > 0:00:07A humanitarian crisis on an epic scale.
0:00:07 > 0:00:09Hundreds of thousands of refugees
0:00:09 > 0:00:11driven out of Myanmar by military action.
0:00:11 > 0:00:16- TRANSLATION:- The children, elderly, babies, pregnant women couldn't run
0:00:16 > 0:00:18and they were burned.
0:00:18 > 0:00:19Tonight on Panorama,
0:00:19 > 0:00:22how August's brutal assault on the Rohingya
0:00:22 > 0:00:25was the climax of years of persecution
0:00:25 > 0:00:29and the result of deliberate military preparation.
0:00:30 > 0:00:32- TRANSLATION:- Local Buddhists from our village
0:00:32 > 0:00:35told us they had joined the training.
0:00:35 > 0:00:39When the army was burning our houses, torturing us,
0:00:39 > 0:00:40they were there.
0:00:41 > 0:00:43How months earlier, Aung San Suu Kyi,
0:00:43 > 0:00:45winner of the Nobel Peace Prize,
0:00:45 > 0:00:49had been warned that atrocities were being committed.
0:00:51 > 0:00:54I appealed to her emotional standing -
0:00:54 > 0:00:56she is respected in the country -
0:00:56 > 0:00:59to do whatever she could to bring this to a close.
0:00:59 > 0:01:02To my great regret, it didn't seem to happen.
0:01:02 > 0:01:04The world needs to pay attention to what's happening to this.
0:01:04 > 0:01:07The world needs to act, because if it doesn't,
0:01:07 > 0:01:09these violations are just going to keep happening.
0:01:10 > 0:01:15Will 2017 be remembered as a year when the world stood by
0:01:15 > 0:01:18while a genocide unfolded?
0:01:36 > 0:01:38- TRANSLATION:- The helicopter landed
0:01:38 > 0:01:40in the football ground in our village.
0:01:40 > 0:01:41The military surrounded it.
0:01:47 > 0:01:50If someone crossed by the football field, they would be killed.
0:02:01 > 0:02:03My name is Monzur Ali. I'm 11 years old.
0:02:05 > 0:02:09When I came here, I started drawing pictures.
0:02:11 > 0:02:14Monzur is the youngest of five children.
0:02:16 > 0:02:20- TRANSLATION:- Our home was burned down on the day we left.
0:02:20 > 0:02:22We certainly didn't want to leave my village,
0:02:22 > 0:02:24but there was a lot of shooting.
0:02:24 > 0:02:27The shooting was near my house.
0:02:27 > 0:02:30They also fired a launcher and my house shook.
0:02:32 > 0:02:34He and his family escaped over the border to
0:02:34 > 0:02:39Bangladesh from Myanmar, the country also known as Burma.
0:02:39 > 0:02:43He is one of 650,000 Rohingya people
0:02:43 > 0:02:46to have made the journey since the end of August.
0:02:52 > 0:02:54- TRANSLATION:- Older women were stamped on,
0:02:54 > 0:02:57and then the soldiers grabbed them by the hair and slaughtered them.
0:02:57 > 0:02:59If the women did not die,
0:02:59 > 0:03:02the soldiers stamped on their faces with their boots.
0:03:04 > 0:03:06Some were killed by breaking their necks
0:03:06 > 0:03:09and some were killed after having their arms and feet broken.
0:03:09 > 0:03:13Some were killed by cutting their throats.
0:03:13 > 0:03:15Because I saw that, I'm drawing this.
0:03:25 > 0:03:27The children draw the same things.
0:03:28 > 0:03:30Helicopters...
0:03:30 > 0:03:32..soldiers...
0:03:32 > 0:03:34..dead bodies...
0:03:34 > 0:03:36..shooting...
0:03:36 > 0:03:38..burning homes.
0:03:40 > 0:03:44Here's how camera phones caught the same terrible events.
0:03:45 > 0:03:47Since the assaults began in August,
0:03:47 > 0:03:51Panorama has been receiving hours of footage
0:03:51 > 0:03:54secretly passed out of Myanmar.
0:03:54 > 0:03:57It's not possible to independently verify these images,
0:03:57 > 0:03:59but there is a pattern.
0:04:01 > 0:04:06Thousands were killed in attacks on village after village.
0:04:07 > 0:04:09Myo Thu Gyi.
0:04:11 > 0:04:13Mi Chaung Zay.
0:04:16 > 0:04:18Tula Toli.
0:04:21 > 0:04:22It goes on...
0:04:23 > 0:04:24..and on.
0:04:29 > 0:04:34Their homes destroyed, families now face life in a refugee camp.
0:04:41 > 0:04:46- TRANSLATION:- If I could educate my children, I'd be at peace.
0:04:46 > 0:04:48But now, I feel like I'm going crazy.
0:04:54 > 0:04:56My head is spinning
0:04:56 > 0:04:58because I'm worried about the future of my children.
0:05:01 > 0:05:04Many refugees arrived in Bangladesh barefoot,
0:05:04 > 0:05:09their shoes lost on the long walk to safety.
0:05:09 > 0:05:13At first, refugees built their own shelters in the muddy hills.
0:05:15 > 0:05:19There was little fresh water, no sanitation...
0:05:20 > 0:05:22..not enough food.
0:05:22 > 0:05:27Most had to rely on hand-outs from well-meaning Bangladeshis.
0:05:34 > 0:05:39Conditions have improved, but refugees are still arriving.
0:05:39 > 0:05:42From the river that divides the two countries,
0:05:42 > 0:05:46we can see tents and people still stranded on the beach,
0:05:46 > 0:05:48but we're not allowed to film there.
0:05:48 > 0:05:50The government will not let us in
0:05:50 > 0:05:52to investigate what's been happening,
0:05:52 > 0:05:55but we have gathered powerful evidence that shows
0:05:55 > 0:05:59just how deliberate this attack on the Rohingya people has been.
0:06:01 > 0:06:04The Myanmar government has said military action
0:06:04 > 0:06:07was a response to terrorist attacks.
0:06:09 > 0:06:12But, in fact, the persecution began years ago,
0:06:12 > 0:06:15as the refugees in the camps have told us.
0:06:20 > 0:06:22- TRANSLATION:- They were torturing us
0:06:22 > 0:06:24in order to drive us out of the country.
0:06:25 > 0:06:28Burma could not be our home and would be taken away from us.
0:06:31 > 0:06:34That is what was put into our heads from a very young age.
0:06:40 > 0:06:45My name is Senu Ara Begum. I am 30 years old.
0:06:45 > 0:06:47I'm Rohingya from Burma.
0:06:47 > 0:06:49Now I'm in Bangladesh in a refugee camp.
0:06:56 > 0:06:59Myanmar is a predominantly Buddhist country
0:06:59 > 0:07:03that was once part of the British Empire.
0:07:04 > 0:07:09The Rohingya are a Muslim ethnic group from Rakhine State
0:07:09 > 0:07:11in the west of the country.
0:07:11 > 0:07:16Their right to live in Myanmar has been contested for decades.
0:07:16 > 0:07:19Stripped of citizenship in the 1980s,
0:07:19 > 0:07:23virtually all aspects of their lives have been restricted -
0:07:23 > 0:07:25travel, education, marriage.
0:07:25 > 0:07:28It was even difficult to register their babies.
0:07:30 > 0:07:34In 2012, things were to get a lot worse.
0:07:37 > 0:07:39- TRANSLATION: - Everything was in flames.
0:07:39 > 0:07:42The whole village was burnt to ashes.
0:07:45 > 0:07:47Ten Muslims were killed after the murder
0:07:47 > 0:07:49and alleged rape of a Buddhist woman.
0:07:51 > 0:07:53GLASS SHATTERS
0:07:53 > 0:07:55There were Rohingya riots
0:07:55 > 0:07:57and Buddhist homes were attacked.
0:07:59 > 0:08:05The response of the security forces was swift and deadly.
0:08:09 > 0:08:11- TRANSLATION:- Some people fled.
0:08:11 > 0:08:13Then there were others - like the children, the elderly,
0:08:13 > 0:08:16babies, pregnant women - who couldn't run,
0:08:16 > 0:08:18and then they were burned.
0:08:18 > 0:08:19All were burned.
0:08:22 > 0:08:28More than 10,000 homes were destroyed and about 140,000 people,
0:08:28 > 0:08:33mostly Rohingya, were driven from their homes.
0:08:33 > 0:08:35- TRANSLATION:- The military and the local Buddhists came
0:08:35 > 0:08:37and told us to leave the village.
0:08:37 > 0:08:41They said, "If you don't go, we will torture and rape you."
0:08:41 > 0:08:44Senu Ara and tens of thousands of other Rohingya were
0:08:44 > 0:08:47herded into makeshift camps in Myanmar.
0:08:49 > 0:08:54But once the violence was over, they were not allowed to return home.
0:08:58 > 0:09:00Matthew Smith is a human rights activist
0:09:00 > 0:09:03who's worked in Myanmar for more than a decade.
0:09:05 > 0:09:08People were corralled into what have essentially become
0:09:08 > 0:09:11modern-day concentration camps.
0:09:11 > 0:09:13The people who are confined to these camps, they can't move.
0:09:13 > 0:09:16They are essentially trapped in these places.
0:09:19 > 0:09:23- TRANSLATION:- We couldn't go to mosque. Our children couldn't study.
0:09:23 > 0:09:24We couldn't pray.
0:09:26 > 0:09:28They would constantly monitor us.
0:09:28 > 0:09:30If they saw children studying religion,
0:09:30 > 0:09:34they would take the clerics away and pour boiling water on them.
0:09:40 > 0:09:44Outside the camps, identity cards were withdrawn,
0:09:44 > 0:09:47most were denied the right to vote.
0:09:48 > 0:09:51The oppression intensified.
0:09:51 > 0:09:52These are not policies
0:09:52 > 0:09:58that are enforced against any other community of people in Myanmar.
0:09:58 > 0:10:01These are policies that are specifically designed
0:10:01 > 0:10:04and specifically targeted for the Rohingya population.
0:10:04 > 0:10:08SOBBING
0:10:10 > 0:10:14And the cycle of violence continued.
0:10:14 > 0:10:17In 2016, it escalated again.
0:10:18 > 0:10:22These women lost their husbands in a brutal assault.
0:10:22 > 0:10:26So this is the only picture that you have left.
0:10:26 > 0:10:28All the other pictures of your family were destroyed.
0:10:28 > 0:10:29This is the only one left.
0:10:32 > 0:10:33The only one.
0:10:35 > 0:10:39They were married to three brothers.
0:10:39 > 0:10:43It's the anniversary of their husbands' murders.
0:10:57 > 0:11:02Marijan was pregnant with her third child when her husband was killed.
0:11:04 > 0:11:06- TRANSLATION:- My name is Marijan.
0:11:06 > 0:11:10I have three children. The youngest one is only four months old.
0:11:10 > 0:11:12His name is Mohammed Anwar.
0:11:19 > 0:11:22Our village was very beautiful, with trees and a mosque and a school.
0:11:24 > 0:11:27My husband and brothers-in-law used to go fishing and farming,
0:11:27 > 0:11:30so we had a nice life there.
0:11:33 > 0:11:37But the Rohingya militant movement was growing.
0:11:48 > 0:11:53In October 2016, Rohingya militants attacked three border posts,
0:11:53 > 0:11:56killing nine security personnel.
0:11:56 > 0:12:00The violence that followed was unprecedented,
0:12:00 > 0:12:02according to a UN report.
0:12:12 > 0:12:15- TRANSLATION:- It was a Monday. It was eight o'clock.
0:12:15 > 0:12:16The local Buddhists came.
0:12:16 > 0:12:20They were walking around shooting everyone and burning the houses.
0:12:20 > 0:12:25We fled from our homes. They then separated the men and the women.
0:12:25 > 0:12:29They took the women inside. We didn't see how they killed the men.
0:12:30 > 0:12:32By the time it was 10 or 11 o'clock,
0:12:32 > 0:12:35they were all done with their murdering.
0:12:35 > 0:12:39This woman fled the village with her children.
0:12:43 > 0:12:48We came back one and a half months later and there was nothing left.
0:12:48 > 0:12:54We dug three graves. The bodies were unrecognisable, even their faces.
0:12:56 > 0:13:00We couldn't organise a proper burial, but we prayed for them all.
0:13:07 > 0:13:11Entire villages were destroyed.
0:13:11 > 0:13:15The security forces killed babies and children.
0:13:15 > 0:13:19There was massive and systematic rape and sexual violence.
0:13:33 > 0:13:37These Rohingya refugees offer support to those in the camps
0:13:37 > 0:13:39who've been raped and abused.
0:13:39 > 0:13:43They all believe they know who is responsible.
0:13:56 > 0:14:01If we talk about the crimes, what women had to go through
0:14:01 > 0:14:02and the violence,
0:14:02 > 0:14:07it's rape, physical assault and also humiliation.
0:14:09 > 0:14:14Because we've got lots of cases where girls were raped
0:14:14 > 0:14:18in front of their father or in front of their parents.
0:14:18 > 0:14:24A UN report said the violence showed total disdain
0:14:24 > 0:14:26for the right to life of Rohingyas.
0:14:29 > 0:14:34By now, Aung San Suu Kyi was in charge of the civilian government.
0:14:34 > 0:14:38Her party had won a landslide victory.
0:14:38 > 0:14:44For 15 years, she'd been held under house arrest by the military regime,
0:14:44 > 0:14:48becoming the world's most famous political prisoner.
0:14:48 > 0:14:52She'd won a Nobel Peace Prize for her non-violent struggle
0:14:52 > 0:14:56for democracy and human rights.
0:14:56 > 0:14:57So, for me,
0:14:57 > 0:15:03receiving the Nobel Peace Prize means personally extending
0:15:03 > 0:15:10my concern for democracy and human rights beyond national borders.
0:15:10 > 0:15:13The Nobel Peace Prize opened up a door in my heart.
0:15:15 > 0:15:18But the door in her heart appears
0:15:18 > 0:15:22to have remained closed to the Rohingya.
0:15:22 > 0:15:28The UN's human rights chief has told Panorama that in January this year,
0:15:28 > 0:15:33he spoke to Aung San Suu Kyi, imploring her to take action.
0:15:35 > 0:15:39I appealed to her emotional standing -
0:15:39 > 0:15:42she is respected in the country - to do whatever she could
0:15:42 > 0:15:46to bring this to a close and, to my great regret,
0:15:46 > 0:15:48- it didn't seem to happen. - But you literally said to her,
0:15:48 > 0:15:53"There are appalling atrocities being committed in your country.
0:15:53 > 0:15:56"Please do something about it," and her response was what?
0:15:56 > 0:16:00So, she said, "This is awful. Certainly, we want to look at it."
0:16:00 > 0:16:04After that, they began to question whether the facts were correct.
0:16:06 > 0:16:09So, it seems Aung San Suu Kyi chose
0:16:09 > 0:16:12to challenge the UN High Commissioner's facts
0:16:12 > 0:16:16rather than challenge her country's generals.
0:16:16 > 0:16:19She has little direct power over the military,
0:16:19 > 0:16:24but the international community did nothing to stop them, either.
0:16:24 > 0:16:27There was no action taken against them.
0:16:27 > 0:16:30I suppose that they then drew a conclusion
0:16:30 > 0:16:35- that they could continue without fear of...- With impunity?- Yeah.
0:16:35 > 0:16:40What we began to sense was that this was really well thought-out
0:16:40 > 0:16:44and planned and what seems to have happened
0:16:44 > 0:16:48is that they were pushing on a door
0:16:48 > 0:16:52and if it moved, then they would continue to push.
0:16:54 > 0:16:56And push they did.
0:16:57 > 0:16:59We've gathered new evidence
0:16:59 > 0:17:03that in the months before this summer's terrible attacks,
0:17:03 > 0:17:08the state accelerated its campaign against the Rohingya.
0:17:11 > 0:17:12The government made an offer.
0:17:12 > 0:17:16Every citizen in Rakhine wishing to protect their state
0:17:16 > 0:17:21would have the chance to become part of the local armed police, it said.
0:17:24 > 0:17:29Mohammed Rafiq was a successful business owner in Myanmar.
0:17:31 > 0:17:34- TRANSLATION:- My name is Mohammed Rafiq. I'm 33.
0:17:34 > 0:17:36I had two shops, one warehouse.
0:17:36 > 0:17:40My home was burned. The shops were looted.
0:17:40 > 0:17:42He said some of his Buddhist customers
0:17:42 > 0:17:45were recruited by the security forces.
0:17:47 > 0:17:49A number of local Buddhists from our village
0:17:49 > 0:17:51told us they had joined the training.
0:17:51 > 0:17:56When the army was burning our houses, torturing us,
0:17:56 > 0:17:58they were there.
0:18:00 > 0:18:03They were just like the army.
0:18:03 > 0:18:06They had the same kind of weapons the soldiers were carrying.
0:18:06 > 0:18:10They were local boys. We knew them.
0:18:10 > 0:18:14Matthew Smith has been investigating the build-up
0:18:14 > 0:18:16to this year's violence.
0:18:16 > 0:18:19He's spoken to dozens of witnesses.
0:18:19 > 0:18:21This next person says,
0:18:21 > 0:18:23"The Rakhine people were given guns by the government.
0:18:23 > 0:18:27"I know this because the government brought some guns with a truck.
0:18:27 > 0:18:29"We looked into a window and saw piles of guns."
0:18:29 > 0:18:31So, this person's describing a situation
0:18:31 > 0:18:34two months before the August 25th attacks
0:18:34 > 0:18:41when state security officials were driving an instalment of rifles,
0:18:41 > 0:18:43guns to a neighbouring Rakhine village.
0:18:45 > 0:18:48With the help of these local people,
0:18:48 > 0:18:50it was much easier for the army to make us suffer
0:18:50 > 0:18:53because they know the place.
0:18:53 > 0:18:55If they saw someone among the Muslims who was a kind of leader,
0:18:55 > 0:18:58the local Buddhists would alert the army.
0:19:00 > 0:19:05The state was making life harder for the Rohingya in other ways, too.
0:19:05 > 0:19:08Aid organisations found it difficult to operate.
0:19:08 > 0:19:12Food shortages were widespread.
0:19:12 > 0:19:14In July, the World Food Programme published
0:19:14 > 0:19:16an assessment of the situation.
0:19:16 > 0:19:18Now, this is it and it makes shocking reading.
0:19:18 > 0:19:22It found that more than two-thirds of the population
0:19:22 > 0:19:24had an inadequate diet and it warned
0:19:24 > 0:19:26that unless food supplies improved,
0:19:26 > 0:19:31almost half of all children under five - 80,000 in total -
0:19:31 > 0:19:34would suffer acute severe malnutrition.
0:19:34 > 0:19:36Now, that is malnutrition so bad,
0:19:36 > 0:19:40it could damage their development for life.
0:19:42 > 0:19:44The response of the authorities?
0:19:44 > 0:19:48They cut off virtually all aid.
0:19:48 > 0:19:50What it means is that people who rely on your service,
0:19:50 > 0:19:53they will go without that food or that medicine.
0:19:53 > 0:19:55People would really suffer
0:19:55 > 0:19:59and I think that you could say that people would be in danger of dying.
0:19:59 > 0:20:02This aid worker was in north Rakhine.
0:20:02 > 0:20:05He says tensions were rising.
0:20:05 > 0:20:06We saw an increased military activity,
0:20:06 > 0:20:09army trucks driving into villages and out of villages,
0:20:09 > 0:20:13which I had never seen before up until that point.
0:20:13 > 0:20:15And our staff were telling us
0:20:15 > 0:20:18that that was security clearance operations happening.
0:20:18 > 0:20:21He doesn't want us to reveal his identity,
0:20:21 > 0:20:23because he's concerned about his safety.
0:20:23 > 0:20:27There really was a sense that it was a bad situation.
0:20:27 > 0:20:29In terms of something being about to happen, we just had no idea,
0:20:29 > 0:20:33but there was an overwhelming feeling that this is a really
0:20:33 > 0:20:34awful situation.
0:20:37 > 0:20:41Myanmar has said its recent military action was a response to
0:20:41 > 0:20:43coordinated terrorist attacks.
0:20:46 > 0:20:49But two weeks earlier, the Army was reinforcing.
0:20:49 > 0:20:51More troops were brought in.
0:20:54 > 0:20:58A UN representative issued a public warning urging restraint.
0:21:00 > 0:21:04But when the militants struck on August 25,
0:21:04 > 0:21:08the military action that followed was not restrained.
0:21:08 > 0:21:13It was well organised, systematic and huge.
0:21:23 > 0:21:25- TRANSLATION:- My mother said, "Let's go now,"
0:21:25 > 0:21:28and we crossed the stream in front of the market by paddle boat.
0:21:29 > 0:21:31At that time the helicopters were circling above.
0:21:31 > 0:21:34They would have killed us if they saw us.
0:21:34 > 0:21:36But luckily they didn't see us.
0:21:37 > 0:21:41Senuara was forced to flee after the camp in Myanmar
0:21:41 > 0:21:44she was living in was burnt to the ground.
0:21:44 > 0:21:45CAR HORN
0:21:48 > 0:21:50- TRANSLATION:- For two days and for two nights,
0:21:50 > 0:21:53I started running and I fled through the forest.
0:21:53 > 0:21:54What could we eat?
0:21:54 > 0:21:57There was no food, so we ate leaves from the trees.
0:22:00 > 0:22:02- TRANSLATION:- It breaks my heart.
0:22:02 > 0:22:04There is so much oppression in that country.
0:22:04 > 0:22:06How can we live there?
0:22:06 > 0:22:08The most important thing is your life,
0:22:08 > 0:22:11so to save our lives and to save our faith, we left the country.
0:22:15 > 0:22:19About 350 Rohingya villages were burned.
0:22:20 > 0:22:24Two-thirds of the Rohingya population fled the country.
0:22:26 > 0:22:28Thousands have been killed.
0:22:28 > 0:22:32The total number of dead will probably never be known.
0:22:34 > 0:22:37The Army says it committed no atrocities,
0:22:37 > 0:22:41blaming terrorists for torching houses.
0:22:41 > 0:22:45The head of the Armed Forces is General Min Aung Hlaing.
0:22:46 > 0:22:48Like many Burmese people,
0:22:48 > 0:22:51he doesn't acknowledge the existence of the Rohingya.
0:22:51 > 0:22:54He says they are Bengalis from Bangladesh.
0:23:09 > 0:23:13A week into the assault, he said the government was tackling
0:23:13 > 0:23:16what he described as an unfinished problem.
0:23:19 > 0:23:22The attack on the Rohingya has been called a textbook
0:23:22 > 0:23:25example of ethnic cleansing.
0:23:25 > 0:23:28But does it amount to something more?
0:23:28 > 0:23:32The so-called crime of crimes - genocide.
0:23:40 > 0:23:44Acts of genocide are those committed with the intent to destroy
0:23:44 > 0:23:45a group of people.
0:23:47 > 0:23:51The crime was defined after the Holocaust.
0:23:54 > 0:23:58Member countries of the newly founded United Nations signed
0:23:58 > 0:24:00a convention.
0:24:00 > 0:24:05The aim was to ensure that genocide should never happen again.
0:24:08 > 0:24:12But this month at the UN in Geneva, it has been raised once more.
0:24:13 > 0:24:18Can anyone rule out that elements of genocide may be present?
0:24:20 > 0:24:24The UN's human rights chief called for a criminal investigation.
0:24:25 > 0:24:27Only a court could judge
0:24:27 > 0:24:31whether what has happened in Myanmar is genocide.
0:24:31 > 0:24:35It's very hard to establish that, because the thresholds are high,
0:24:35 > 0:24:37but it wouldn't surprise me in the future if a court
0:24:37 > 0:24:40were to make such a finding on the basis of what we have seen.
0:24:41 > 0:24:44So, who might be brought to justice?
0:24:44 > 0:24:47He believes this could go right to the top.
0:24:48 > 0:24:51Given the scale of the military operation, I mean,
0:24:51 > 0:24:55clearly these would have to be decisions taken at a high enough
0:24:55 > 0:24:59level, and then there is the crime of omission,
0:24:59 > 0:25:04that if it came to your knowledge that this was being committed and
0:25:04 > 0:25:09you did nothing to stop it, then you could be culpable as well for that.
0:25:09 > 0:25:11But almost certainly at the very highest levels,
0:25:11 > 0:25:16because this attracted the attention of the world community very
0:25:16 > 0:25:18early on and it, you know, it is
0:25:18 > 0:25:22inconceivable that the army chief and Aung San Suu Kyi
0:25:22 > 0:25:24were not aware that this was happening in their country.
0:25:24 > 0:25:27Well, certainly you can see a court making that argument, that the
0:25:27 > 0:25:32international news media was awash with imagery of burning
0:25:32 > 0:25:37villages, of claims that atrocities were being committed,
0:25:37 > 0:25:40so certainly one could make the argument that there was time
0:25:40 > 0:25:44sufficient for a halt to the operations
0:25:44 > 0:25:50and inquiries to be launched, and that didn't seem to happen.
0:25:50 > 0:25:53Which raises the possibility of Aung San Suu Kyi,
0:25:53 > 0:25:57once an icon of the battle for human rights,
0:25:57 > 0:26:02standing trial for one of the most heinous crimes of all - genocide.
0:26:06 > 0:26:11We asked Aung San Suu Kyi and General Hlaing for a response,
0:26:11 > 0:26:13but neither has replied.
0:26:15 > 0:26:21Aung San Suu Kyi did speak publicly three weeks after the attacks began.
0:26:21 > 0:26:26We are concerned to hear numbers of Muslims are fleeing
0:26:26 > 0:26:29across the border to congregate.
0:26:29 > 0:26:34We want to find out why this exodus is happening.
0:26:36 > 0:26:41She said there had been no armed clashes since September 5.
0:26:42 > 0:26:47But Human Rights Watch says more than 100 villages were burned
0:26:47 > 0:26:49after that.
0:26:51 > 0:26:55And satellites detected fires in October
0:26:55 > 0:26:57and right into November.
0:27:04 > 0:27:08Meanwhile the leader of Myanmar's civilian government still
0:27:08 > 0:27:12refuses even to use the word Rohingya.
0:27:14 > 0:27:15For goodness' sake, you know,
0:27:15 > 0:27:18everything has been stripped from them, you know,
0:27:18 > 0:27:20and then to strip their name from them, I mean,
0:27:20 > 0:27:24it's sort of dehumanising to the point where, you know,
0:27:24 > 0:27:27you may, you begin to believe that anything is possible.
0:27:28 > 0:27:30We heard, "Never again," after the Holocaust,
0:27:30 > 0:27:34we heard, "Never again," after the Rwandan genocide, and it's happening
0:27:34 > 0:27:38again and it's happening right now and the world is failing to act.
0:27:41 > 0:27:43And it is not over.
0:27:44 > 0:27:48There are almost a million Rohingya refugees in these camps.
0:27:50 > 0:27:53There's little prospect of them going home,
0:27:53 > 0:27:55little hope for them here.
0:27:59 > 0:28:02- TRANSLATION:- You don't just give up the country that you live in.
0:28:02 > 0:28:03No-one does.
0:28:06 > 0:28:10There's so much misery there and that's why we left.
0:28:13 > 0:28:15- TRANSLATION:- My heart longs to go back,
0:28:15 > 0:28:19but I don't want to go back like this.
0:28:19 > 0:28:22I want to go back to a country where I can get justice,
0:28:22 > 0:28:23I can have a good life.
0:28:26 > 0:28:31- TRANSLATION:- They have the weapons. The Rohingyas do not.
0:28:31 > 0:28:35They can do whatever they want with Rohingyas. We are powerless.