0:00:00 > 0:00:00back at -- again at 7:30am. Coming up next, it is
0:00:00 > 0:00:03back at -- again at 7:30am. Coming up next, it is Reporters.
0:00:17 > 0:00:19Welcome to Reporters. I'm Alice Baxter.
0:00:20 > 0:00:21From here in the world's newsroom,
0:00:21 > 0:00:24we send out the correspondents to bring you the best stories
0:00:24 > 0:00:26from across the globe.
0:00:26 > 0:00:29In this week's programme...
0:00:29 > 0:00:31The coup that became a purge.
0:00:31 > 0:00:38As Turkey declares a state of emergency,
0:00:38 > 0:00:39Fergal Keane reports on
0:00:39 > 0:00:41the country's return to democracy.
0:00:41 > 0:00:42The question now, as President Erdogan
0:00:42 > 0:00:44continues what he calls his
0:00:44 > 0:00:47cleansing of the state, is how far he will go and what kind
0:00:47 > 0:00:50of society he wants to create.
0:00:51 > 0:00:54And Asia's new food heaven as Singapore gets its own
0:00:54 > 0:00:56Michelin restaurant guide,
0:00:56 > 0:00:59we meet the chefs competing for its first stars.
0:01:01 > 0:01:05My mindset is fixed on wanting to be a chef opening a very big restaurant
0:01:05 > 0:01:08and to inspire others, like Gordon Ramsay inspired me.
0:01:13 > 0:01:15It was the coup that collapsed within just 14 hours.
0:01:15 > 0:01:18It caused hundreds of deaths but did almost the exact
0:01:18 > 0:01:19opposite of what its
0:01:19 > 0:01:21leaders had set out to achieve, strengthening the position
0:01:21 > 0:01:25of the Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan
0:01:25 > 0:01:29and giving him a pretext for a clamp-down on his opponents.
0:01:29 > 0:01:31Tens of thousands of people have been arrested and
0:01:31 > 0:01:35Turkey, a Nato member and a pivotal nation in the fight
0:01:35 > 0:01:38against Isis and in the Syrian war and in the migrant crisis,
0:01:38 > 0:01:41is now under a three-month state of emergency.
0:01:41 > 0:01:44And as Fergal Keane reports, there are more
0:01:44 > 0:01:47warnings of further measures to come.
0:01:49 > 0:01:52They had been told to expect a big announcement.
0:01:52 > 0:01:54Thousands crowded into squares across the country.
0:01:54 > 0:01:57As midnight approached, the president
0:01:57 > 0:02:00came on television and declared a state of emergency.
0:02:00 > 0:02:03It could mean sweeping powers of arrest and
0:02:03 > 0:02:06detention, press censure ship, curfews, or under an existing
0:02:06 > 0:02:10article of the Constitution.
0:02:10 > 0:02:15TRANSLATION: The purpose of the declaration of a state
0:02:15 > 0:02:20of emergency is in fact to be able to take the
0:02:20 > 0:02:25most efficient steps in order to remove
0:02:25 > 0:02:28this threat as soon as
0:02:28 > 0:02:30possible, which is a threat to democracy,
0:02:30 > 0:02:32to the rule of law, and
0:02:32 > 0:02:37to the rights and freedoms of our citizens in our country.
0:02:37 > 0:02:40On the Bosporus, the boats conveyed the
0:02:40 > 0:02:43President's of victory.
0:02:43 > 0:02:47On Taksim Square, and Ottoman band played
0:02:47 > 0:02:51military marches.
0:02:51 > 0:02:55Celebration to a warning rhythm.
0:02:55 > 0:03:00We met a widow who sells flags on the square.
0:03:00 > 0:03:01It was the coup that collapsed within just 14 hours.
0:03:13 > 0:03:15We met a widow who sells flags on the square.
0:03:15 > 0:03:17She is among many who want to stop to see
0:03:17 > 0:03:18the coup leaders hanged.
0:03:18 > 0:03:20TRANSLATION: We want a beautiful Turkey.
0:03:20 > 0:03:22We don't want it to be like
0:03:22 > 0:03:23Syria or Gaza.
0:03:23 > 0:03:24We want peace in Turkey.
0:03:24 > 0:03:26They will never be able to split us up.
0:03:26 > 0:03:27We will never allow it.
0:03:27 > 0:03:29It is being framed as of defining national
0:03:29 > 0:03:36moment, people's victory.
0:03:36 > 0:03:38Epitomised by this extraordinary imagery.
0:03:38 > 0:03:39A man confronting a tank on the night
0:03:39 > 0:03:40of the coup attempt.
0:03:40 > 0:03:42He is run over once.
0:03:42 > 0:03:44He then gets up and is hit again.
0:03:44 > 0:03:48Yet, he survives.
0:03:48 > 0:03:52I had three stones in my hand in case I ran
0:03:52 > 0:03:54across any of those dogs.
0:03:54 > 0:03:55He says.
0:03:55 > 0:03:59All I could do was respond to the tanks with the three stones I had.
0:03:59 > 0:04:02The arrests and sacking of public servants continue today.
0:04:02 > 0:04:05But there is no significant public outcry.
0:04:05 > 0:04:08Nobody that I have spoken with across the political spectrum or in
0:04:08 > 0:04:11civil society wanted this coup to succeed.
0:04:11 > 0:04:14In Turkey, military coups have always meant disappearances,
0:04:14 > 0:04:17torture, and executions.
0:04:17 > 0:04:20But the question now, as President Gaughan
0:04:20 > 0:04:23continues what he calls the cleansing of the state, is how far
0:04:23 > 0:04:30he will go and what kind of society he wants to create.
0:04:30 > 0:04:33The struggle now is not the old battle of secular
0:04:33 > 0:04:38versus Islamist but between those who wanted military dictatorship and
0:04:38 > 0:04:43a democratically elected president who that the layman it power.
0:04:43 > 0:04:47The crowds were back, cheering the President,
0:04:47 > 0:04:50knowing their country faces the most deep-rooted change in
0:04:50 > 0:04:52its recent history.
0:05:00 > 0:05:02At least 200 million girls and women worldwide have undergone
0:05:02 > 0:05:03female genital mutilation.
0:05:03 > 0:05:06It is a practice now described by the United Nations as child abuse.
0:05:06 > 0:05:10Kenya is one of the countries where it's most prevalent.
0:05:10 > 0:05:14One in five between the ages of 14 and 49 have been cut,
0:05:14 > 0:05:17as it's known.
0:05:17 > 0:05:21But the Kenyan authorities are now trying to eradicate the practice.
0:05:21 > 0:05:26A warning - this report contains a graphic description of FGM.
0:05:26 > 0:05:33Determined and brave.
0:05:33 > 0:05:36Most of these girls ran away from home because they were about to
0:05:36 > 0:05:40be mutilated or forced to marry.
0:05:40 > 0:05:45In some tribes, the tradition where parts of a girl's vagina
0:05:45 > 0:05:50are removed marks the point a girl becomes a woman.
0:05:50 > 0:05:53It happened to this teenager when she was just seven years old.
0:05:53 > 0:06:01And it was so difficult.
0:06:01 > 0:06:04You feel like you want to faint.
0:06:04 > 0:06:08You want to cry.
0:06:08 > 0:06:10You want to do...
0:06:10 > 0:06:12even running out that home.
0:06:12 > 0:06:14Two years later, her father told her she must marry a man
0:06:14 > 0:06:17in his 60s.
0:06:17 > 0:06:19That's when she decided to escape.
0:06:19 > 0:06:21All of these girls risked their lives by running away
0:06:21 > 0:06:24but here they have a future, they are getting an education
0:06:24 > 0:06:28and they are no longer at risk of being mutilated and crucially
0:06:28 > 0:06:33these girls won't go on to harm their own daughters.
0:06:33 > 0:06:37Agnes Pereyo who runs this rescue centre and school is trying to stamp
0:06:37 > 0:06:41out the brutal custom in her ancient Maasai community.
0:06:41 > 0:06:46She introduced me to women in a nearby village,
0:06:46 > 0:06:49including a former cutter, who did a demonstration
0:06:49 > 0:06:52of what she used to do.
0:06:52 > 0:06:55So, this is the vagina here?
0:06:55 > 0:06:57So you scrape the side of the vagina,
0:06:57 > 0:07:00and take off the clitoris here?
0:07:00 > 0:07:03It emerged the cutting used to happen right where we stood.
0:07:03 > 0:07:08It is difficult to imagine how terrifying this
0:07:08 > 0:07:12experience would be for a little girl.
0:07:12 > 0:07:14Gosh. And she is screaming, I guess?
0:07:15 > 0:07:16Yes, the girl is screaming.
0:07:16 > 0:07:18Kenya banned female genital mutilation in 2011.
0:07:18 > 0:07:21The UN's agency for children says young girls
0:07:21 > 0:07:24are far less likely to be cut today but old customs die hard.
0:07:24 > 0:07:30TRANSLATION: This is a tradition that is very important to us,
0:07:30 > 0:07:34the Maasai people.
0:07:34 > 0:07:38Otherwise, the girls will want sex all the time.
0:07:38 > 0:07:40We are not allowed to do it any more.
0:07:40 > 0:07:42Otherwise, I would cut my seven-year-old daughter
0:07:42 > 0:07:44until she bleeds a lot.
0:07:44 > 0:07:49In these deeply traditional patriarchal communities, away
0:07:49 > 0:07:52from the big cosmopolitan cities,
0:07:52 > 0:07:55many men still demand that women are cut.
0:07:55 > 0:07:58But attitudes are changing and these Maasai tribe cricketers
0:07:58 > 0:08:01are helping to lead the charge,
0:08:01 > 0:08:06refusing to marry any girl who has been cut.
0:08:06 > 0:08:10We use it as a way to bring our youth together, to bring
0:08:10 > 0:08:13the communities together, to tell them that female genital
0:08:13 > 0:08:17mutilation is not all right.
0:08:17 > 0:08:20In the long run, I believe it will help our society.
0:08:20 > 0:08:23Definitely it will happen in my lifetime, I know.
0:08:23 > 0:08:25Now, you may not know this but Singapore has long been
0:08:25 > 0:08:31a foodie's paradise, and this week, for the first time,
0:08:31 > 0:08:37the citystate got its own Michelin guide to its best restaurants.
0:08:37 > 0:08:41In the past, its hospitality industry has been run mainly
0:08:41 > 0:08:43by foreign workers but no longer.
0:08:43 > 0:08:47New moves to hire local staff have spawned a new breed
0:08:47 > 0:08:51of Singaporean chefs.
0:08:56 > 0:09:00Joel Chow is only 18 but he knows what he wants to be when he is older
0:09:00 > 0:09:02and whom he wants to be like.
0:09:02 > 0:09:05My mindset is fixed on wanting to be a chef, opening a very big
0:09:05 > 0:09:09restaurant and to inspire others like Gordon Ramsey has inspired me.
0:09:09 > 0:09:12He is one of the famous people who I look up to.
0:09:12 > 0:09:15So enthusiastic is he about a career as a chef, he enrolled
0:09:15 > 0:09:18at the Singaporean Culinary School.
0:09:18 > 0:09:21I will be sauteing onions now.
0:09:21 > 0:09:25And that'll be the start of your carrot soup?
0:09:25 > 0:09:27Fantastic.
0:09:27 > 0:09:31Joel and his classmates don't just have dreams to be celebrities chefs,
0:09:31 > 0:09:34they are also here to fulfil a crucial need in Singapore
0:09:34 > 0:09:40which has a shortage of chefs as well as service staff to cater to
0:09:40 > 0:09:43the burgeoning hospitality industry.
0:09:43 > 0:09:48Singapore has become something of a culinary capital.
0:09:48 > 0:09:52Alongside its vibrant street food culture,
0:09:52 > 0:09:54top international restaurants have opened here in recent years
0:09:54 > 0:09:57with a Michelin guide rating the finest
0:09:57 > 0:10:01dining spots making its debut.
0:10:01 > 0:10:03But a cut in the number of foreign workers that restaurants
0:10:03 > 0:10:06and hotels could hire and expensive levies
0:10:06 > 0:10:10to employ them has made the problem especially acute.
0:10:10 > 0:10:13So, the government has introduced training programmes to raise
0:10:13 > 0:10:16productivity and get more locals to sign up to become
0:10:16 > 0:10:18chefs and service staff.
0:10:18 > 0:10:21The nationa has the highest proportion of foreign
0:10:21 > 0:10:25workers in its population and amoung its workforce in the world,
0:10:25 > 0:10:28and weaning itself off this to recruit home-grown talent
0:10:28 > 0:10:31will continue to be a big challenge.
0:10:31 > 0:10:34That all looks delicious, doesn't it?
0:10:34 > 0:10:37That's all from Reporters for this week
0:10:37 > 0:10:39from me, Alice Baxter.
0:10:39 > 0:10:40Goodbye for now.