:00:19. > :00:24.a referendum. Did Bahrain's rulers commit human
:00:24. > :00:31.rights abuses as they suppressed Arab Spring protests? We report on
:00:31. > :00:35.an inquiry to find the truth. 50,000 people dead. We report on
:00:35. > :00:37.the real cost of Mexico's war on drugs. A crackdown has only stirred
:00:37. > :00:40.more violence. As children receive radiation
:00:40. > :00:50.checks following the Fukushima meltdown, we report on the growing
:00:50. > :00:53.
:00:53. > :00:58.unease in Japan over nuclear power. Welcome to Reporters. An
:00:58. > :01:03.independent report into allegations Bahrain will be released later this
:01:03. > :01:06.month. It was commissioned by the king of Bahrain, following
:01:06. > :01:12.international condemnation about how the country dealt with the Arab
:01:12. > :01:18.Spring. Our correspondent has returned to the country to assess
:01:18. > :01:22.the human rights situation. Mourning a boy they call a martyr,
:01:22. > :01:30.people protest at the killing of a teenager in a recent clash - part
:01:30. > :01:33.of a widespread protest to get the rulers to share more power. There
:01:33. > :01:41.is so much tension in these villages that when processions like
:01:41. > :01:44.this meet the security forces, it often ends in more animosity. To
:01:45. > :01:49.see the other side, I joined a patrol with the special security
:01:49. > :01:53.forces, the people hated and feared by the protesters. This is what
:01:53. > :02:00.they do every night. They go into the villages and check out the
:02:00. > :02:05.demonstrations and protests. The police told me they have a system
:02:05. > :02:11.of escalating response, according to the situation they face. We give
:02:11. > :02:15.them a warning and tell them to move it. If they do not move, we
:02:15. > :02:25.are going to push them. They are confronting sporadic civil
:02:25. > :02:25.
:02:25. > :02:29.disobedience. Roadblocks and rock throwing by youths that government
:02:30. > :02:38.supporters call traitors. Most of Bahrain's Sunnis and expatriates
:02:38. > :02:40.have no sympathy for the protests. At the height of the uprising, the
:02:40. > :02:49.security force's heavy-handed tactics caused an international
:02:49. > :02:53.outrage. One of those attacked was this doctor. He gave us a bedside
:02:53. > :02:58.interview at the time. They started to beat me with sticks. I told them,
:02:58. > :03:08."I am a doctor, I am a doctor," but they did not listen. They started
:03:08. > :03:15.
:03:15. > :03:18.beating me. They told me, get up, we will not lift you. The king has
:03:18. > :03:26.responded to allegations of human rights abuses by commissioning an
:03:26. > :03:29.international enquiry. Others have pushed for harsh penalties for
:03:29. > :03:33.protesters, seeing the uprising as a failed coup. With a commission
:03:33. > :03:37.about to publish its findings, the government is on something of a
:03:37. > :03:42.charm offensive. There were abuses of human rights. Those were
:03:42. > :03:47.mistakes and we addressed them. They were not just done by the
:03:47. > :03:57.Government. They were also done by the demonstrators. Those issues
:03:57. > :04:03.
:04:03. > :04:06.have been faced. But the demonstrators are not in charge.
:04:06. > :04:11.Abuses happened from everyone. Were they systematic? Were they gross?
:04:11. > :04:14.No, they were not. That will be up to the commission to decide. Headed
:04:14. > :04:17.by a seasoned UN human rights investigator, it insists it is
:04:17. > :04:21.impartial. It is modelled on the UN example. Although it is the first
:04:21. > :04:24.time that a king has called for it, it is an independent commission
:04:24. > :04:27.that has access to all government entities. But at the opposition
:04:27. > :04:37.newspaper, there are fears the commission will let the government
:04:37. > :04:46.
:04:46. > :04:50.off lightly, or else fail to tackle It has largely improved in that we
:04:50. > :04:55.do not have people dying in custody any more. The beatings have not
:04:55. > :04:59.stopped, though. Not the abuses of people in detention or at the time
:04:59. > :05:05.of protest. I have seen one person, a few days ago, being beaten up by
:05:05. > :05:13.four security officers. This is continuing. People are being
:05:13. > :05:18.intimidated and abused. authorities agreed to let me see
:05:18. > :05:22.inside a police detention centre. This is not the main prison, nor is
:05:22. > :05:25.it when most of the interrogations have taken place. They told us it
:05:25. > :05:32.was the first time that the international media had been
:05:32. > :05:37.allowed inside. Mostly criminals here, they said they had been well
:05:37. > :05:42.treated. But one whispered to me he had been beaten. I asked why they
:05:42. > :05:47.were being held incommunicado. This was one of the big complaints
:05:47. > :05:53.earlier this year, that they were not able to contact their families.
:05:53. > :05:57.I do not think this is right. certainly not the right thing to do.
:05:57. > :06:03.They do call. I can bring you the print-out of the telephone, I can
:06:03. > :06:13.show you that they called. This traditional, prosperous country has
:06:13. > :06:14.
:06:14. > :06:18.a history of human rights issues. The finding from the commission is
:06:18. > :06:23.vital if the country is to move on from one of the darkest periods in
:06:23. > :06:26.its history. 45,000 people are estimated to have
:06:26. > :06:36.been killed since Mexico's president launched his war on drugs
:06:36. > :06:40.
:06:40. > :06:43.five years ago. The violence is now spreading. It is moving from the
:06:43. > :06:46.border areas, deeper into the country to previously safer cities.
:06:46. > :06:49.Our correspondent has more. The war in Mexico is becoming increasingly
:06:50. > :06:53.dangerous and bloody. With the government and its forces on one
:06:53. > :06:59.side and the notorious drug cartels on the other, the people of Mexico
:06:59. > :07:04.are caught in the middle of a conflict no one seems able to stop.
:07:04. > :07:07.One that is no longer confined to the darklands of the border. More
:07:07. > :07:17.than 40,000 people have been killed since Mexico's president picked a
:07:17. > :07:18.
:07:18. > :07:21.fight with the drug cartels. Criminals have been arrested, drugs
:07:21. > :07:26.have been seized and the military has been deployed. The violence has
:07:26. > :07:30.only gotten worse and the deaths are more gruesome. This city used
:07:30. > :07:34.to boast that it was Mexico's safest. The almost empty beaches
:07:34. > :07:38.tell a different story. In the last month, more than 100 people have
:07:38. > :07:42.been killed here. 35 bodies were left on a main street in broad
:07:42. > :07:46.daylight. They had been bound, tortured and killed. Empty homes
:07:46. > :07:50.have been boarded up after they were used to hide corpses. This is
:07:50. > :07:55.one of three locations in the city where more than 30 bodies were
:07:55. > :08:01.hidden. It is part of an increasingly vicious battle that is
:08:01. > :08:05.taking place in Mexico. As you can see, soldiers have been deployed
:08:05. > :08:08.onto the streets of a city that, up until recently, was perfectly safe.
:08:08. > :08:14.Many of those killed are victims of a a t battle between drug
:08:14. > :08:20.tricks and political cowardice mean some innocent men are wrongly
:08:20. > :08:24.accused. Speaking out is a rare and dangerous thing to do in Mexico,
:08:24. > :08:31.but we met this woman, who is prepared to take the risk just to
:08:31. > :08:35.clear her father's name. He was a mechanic killed in the crossfire of
:08:35. > :08:41.a gun battle. She says the state fabricated evidence that he was a
:08:42. > :08:45.criminal. TRANSLATION: This used to be a really safe city. I never
:08:45. > :08:48.imagined something like this could happen to me. I'm scared the
:08:48. > :08:51.revenge because they do not want to
:08:51. > :08:56.talk about it. We have even received threats. I have to speak
:08:56. > :09:01.out to prove their statistics are not real. Civilians are being
:09:01. > :09:06.killed in this drug war. In the grandeur of the state capital, the
:09:06. > :09:12.blame falls squarely on the drug cartels. This woman speaks for the
:09:12. > :09:16.Governor. She does note does not people had been killed, but she
:09:16. > :09:21.insists that the strategy is not to blame. The war on drugs has left a
:09:21. > :09:26.deep scar across the region. Every time the cartels have real pressure,
:09:26. > :09:30.the problem starts to move. The one constant in all of this is the
:09:30. > :09:37.demand for drugs in the rest of the world. Unless that changes, the
:09:37. > :09:40.deaths will almost certainly continue.
:09:40. > :09:43.More than 300,000 children from around the Fukushima nuclear power
:09:43. > :09:47.plant in Japan are having health check-ups because of fears about
:09:47. > :09:50.possible thyroid disorders from radiation. The meltdown of the
:09:50. > :09:53.plant has adant has adlic unease about nuclear energy. Some experts
:09:53. > :09:56.sa sarnings about the risks were ignored. Our correspondent has
:09:56. > :10:06.been reporting on the nuclear question and has been given a rare
:10:06. > :10:10.
:10:10. > :10:13.This is the friendly face of Japanese nuclear power, bright and
:10:13. > :10:23.reliable, an exhibition to persuade the public that getting electricity
:10:23. > :10:25.
:10:25. > :10:27.this way is safe. People have also seen a much darker image. Men
:10:27. > :10:37.struggling inside the Fukushima power station for the past six
:10:37. > :10:38.
:10:38. > :10:41.months. Opinion is shifting even inside the plant itself. None of
:10:41. > :10:51.the staff can speak to the media openly but this engineer from
:10:51. > :10:52.
:10:52. > :10:56.Fukushima agkushima aget us. We have altered the video to hide his
:10:56. > :11:00.identity. He said this. If people think nuclear-power is safe, I
:11:00. > :11:04.would like them to work for me for a day in the rubble. If, after that,
:11:04. > :11:10.they still say it is safe, they are ignorant. Most of Japan's nuclear-
:11:10. > :11:13.power stations like this one are now shut down. Here, the 2000
:11:13. > :11:21.workers are just keeping things ticking over and none of the plants
:11:21. > :11:23.will reopen until they are better defended, especially from the sea.
:11:23. > :11:26.The big shock for the Japanese nuclear industry was that the
:11:26. > :11:31.earthquake was stronger and the tsunami bigger than anybody
:11:31. > :11:33.expected. They're having to take emergency measures. They can no
:11:33. > :11:41.longer rely on this huge embankment for protection against the sea.
:11:41. > :11:45.They are going to build an 18-metre wall on the other side of it. A
:11:45. > :11:48.company video explains how this massive new defence will work. On a
:11:48. > :11:56.rare visit inside, we were shown how the power station is already
:11:56. > :11:58.as flooding that caused the
:11:58. > :12:07.catastrophe at Fukushima, so here the back-up systems are now
:12:07. > :12:12.installed on the roofs. Officials hope that the public will be
:12:12. > :12:15.reassured. TRANSLATION: We confirm that tsunamis will not come over
:12:15. > :12:21.the embankment. We think the nuclear power plant is safe enough.
:12:21. > :12:23.But at the government's earthquake Research Centre, they are worried.
:12:23. > :12:32.They have simulated in graphic detail a really huge tsunami that
:12:33. > :12:35.struck Japan more than 1,000 years ago. They say nobody listened.
:12:35. > :12:41.According to the director, he warned that a tsunami could
:12:41. > :12:43.overwhelm Fukushima, but they put off doing anything about it. In the
:12:43. > :12:50.past, Japan widely relied on nuclear power. The question now is
:12:50. > :12:53.whether the next generation will still want it. In China's rush to
:12:53. > :13:03.develop its economy, farmers have been moved off the land every year
:13:03. > :13:04.
:13:04. > :13:07.to make way for new roads and reservoirs. One village has chosen
:13:07. > :13:15.to make a stand against the authorities. That is a decision
:13:15. > :13:21.that has come at a cost. You cannot find this place on any map. As far
:13:21. > :13:31.as the authorities are concerned, it does not exist. But the men of
:13:31. > :13:35.Blue Dragon Village are taking in their autumn harvest. They were
:13:35. > :13:38.forced off their land to make way for a reservoir. More than 200
:13:38. > :13:40.homes lie submerged beneath the stretch of water. The people here
:13:40. > :13:46.say they received little or no compensation from the authorities
:13:46. > :13:49.and have been left to fend for themselves. It is a story that you
:13:49. > :13:58.hear time and again over China, farmers swept off their land in the
:13:58. > :14:05.rush to develop. But instead of simply leaving, this farmer and his
:14:05. > :14:08.neighbours chose to build a new village. But they were punished for
:14:08. > :14:13.this act of defiance. Like everybody else here, he has no
:14:13. > :14:23.official papers, needed for social services. TRANSLATION: We are very
:14:23. > :14:25.
:14:25. > :14:29.anxious. Without proper ID to do anything would be very difficult.
:14:29. > :14:36.There is no running water in the village. The reservoir provides
:14:36. > :14:39.fresh drinking water to the nearby city of Harbin. Millions of people
:14:39. > :14:45.are flooding into China's cities. They are in search of jobs and
:14:45. > :14:54.better lives. But development is struggling to keep pace. The cost
:14:54. > :15:01.of urbanisation is being felt in the countryside. This is the
:15:01. > :15:05.village's latest arrival but she has no birth certificate. Like her
:15:06. > :15:12.brothers she officially does not exist. Without papers her mother
:15:12. > :15:15.worries that the baby has a bleak future. TRANSLATION: It is
:15:15. > :15:20.difficult for my kids to go to school and later find a job. There
:15:20. > :15:27.is nothing we can do. We hope it can be resolved some time in the
:15:27. > :15:36.future. At night, the villagers use solar power after their electricity
:15:36. > :15:39.was cut by the authorities. This man says that as a farmer, he
:15:39. > :15:49.cannot survive in the city. Instead, his family must rely upon
:15:49. > :15:59.
:15:59. > :16:01.themselves, spending another night as strangers in their own land.
:16:01. > :16:04.Nigeria's oil sector is booming but there is concern among
:16:04. > :16:06.conservationists that the multi- billion dollar industry is not only
:16:06. > :16:10.causing pollution, it is also indirectly destroying the coastline
:16:10. > :16:13.as well. The ships that transport oil and service offshore rigs are
:16:13. > :16:19.often bought cheaply and many are barely seaworthy. So when things go
:16:19. > :16:24.wrong, they can end up wrecked and abandoned along the coast. One year
:16:24. > :16:27.ago a tanker was washed up ground on this beach just outside Lagos.
:16:28. > :16:35.It is one of the more recent of perhaps 100 wrecks that litter the
:16:35. > :16:41.coast. Cheap, rusty and barely seaworthy, most were brought here
:16:41. > :16:48.to make a quick buck in the oil industry. Local campaigners say the
:16:48. > :16:52.shipwrecks are not just eyesores, but destroying the coast. Because
:16:52. > :16:55.the ship is such a solid object, being where it should not be, it
:16:55. > :16:59.causes a direct impediment to the natural flow of the current. It
:16:59. > :17:06.stops sedimentation. But worse than that it causes another current that
:17:06. > :17:12.immediately chews up the shoreline. The arrival of this wrecked barge
:17:12. > :17:15.is being directly linked to drastic changes one kilometre down current.
:17:15. > :17:24.In some parts of Lagos the coastline is being eroded at a
:17:24. > :17:27.terrifying rate. Over 100 metres of beach here has been lost in the
:17:27. > :17:30.last year. Have a look at this building. Three months ago that
:17:30. > :17:33.there was a fully functioning seaside bar. For the people who
:17:33. > :17:38.live and worship at the beach, life has changed quickly. Until April of
:17:38. > :17:46.this year this was the wall of your mosque. Yes. This is a wall of the
:17:47. > :17:56.mosque. The water comes and destroys the mosque. Within three
:17:57. > :18:00.
:18:00. > :18:04.hours. Within three hours. Those with homes now just metres from the
:18:04. > :18:07.sea are starting to panic. It is terrifying and we do not sleep at
:18:07. > :18:17.night. We're thinking it could come at any moment. The problem has been
:18:17. > :18:19.
:18:19. > :18:21.there for a while. It is caused by the wrecked ship. With anger
:18:21. > :18:25.growing, Lagos' state government has called in wreckers to cut the
:18:25. > :18:33.ships up and take the pieces away but red tape makes this a painfully
:18:33. > :18:36.slow process. The issue is that when it comes in, it takes a while
:18:37. > :18:41.for the government to get involved because of avoidance of litigation.
:18:41. > :18:44.They want to appeal to the owners of the vessel to remove them. By
:18:44. > :18:48.the time the government has called them the ship has already sunk into
:18:48. > :18:58.the beach. This wreck will take another five months to fully
:18:58. > :19:06.dismantle. But the work keeps piling up. One kilometre down the
:19:06. > :19:14.coast another ship has just been washed ashore. Cuba has finally
:19:14. > :19:17.relaxed its ban on private car sales between individuals. Ordinary
:19:17. > :19:20.Cubans would still be prevented from buying new cars but those who
:19:20. > :19:26.bought Soviet-made vehicles before 1990 will be able to sell them
:19:26. > :19:36.legally. Soviet Ladas still dominate the streets. During the
:19:36. > :19:36.
:19:36. > :19:38.time of the Soviet Union owning a Lada car was a symbol of power. The
:19:39. > :19:42.Communist island imported them and they soon became the most popular
:19:43. > :19:49.car on Cuban roads. This is Cuba's favourite postcard, old American
:19:49. > :19:52.cars in excellent condition. But they are outnumbered by the
:19:52. > :19:58.hundreds of thousands of Russian cars, which are a reminder of
:19:58. > :20:08.Soviet times. According to official figures, there are 250,000 Lada
:20:08. > :20:08.
:20:08. > :20:11.cars on these roads. Its simple engineering and durability make
:20:11. > :20:21.them popular not only for personal use but also as taxis, ambulances
:20:21. > :20:26.
:20:26. > :20:29.and police cars. TRANSLATION: It has been able to adapt to this city.
:20:29. > :20:32.But the Automobile boom ended with the collapse of the former Soviet
:20:33. > :20:35.Union in 1991 and the import of spare parts and new cars stopped.
:20:36. > :20:45.During those years, Cuban ingenuity was the key to keeping these cars
:20:46. > :20:48.
:20:48. > :20:56.running. TRANSLATION: For example, the bathers. We could not get new
:20:56. > :20:59.ones. That is how we solved the problem. We had no other means. Now,
:20:59. > :21:01.the Lada has returned to do business in Cuba but the Russian
:21:01. > :21:04.company has lost its dominance. TRANSLATION: Other cars are more
:21:04. > :21:11.comfortable and better value for money. There are plenty of spare
:21:11. > :21:13.parts. 20 years after the collapse of the Soviet Union, the company no
:21:13. > :21:16.longer represents modernity and innovation but they are still a