04/12/2011

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:00:04. > :00:14.mis-selling of payment protection insurance to some customers. Now it

:00:14. > :00:21.

:00:21. > :00:27.is time for cabby mac Reporters. -- time for Reporters. A decade of

:00:27. > :00:33.progress is in danger. Orla Guerin finds that Afghan women are worried

:00:33. > :00:39.about the withdrawal of Western forces. Under fire from the Taliban,

:00:39. > :00:43.Quentin Somerville reports from a NATO outpost in eastern Afghanistan

:00:43. > :00:53.that was attacked by militants. Christian Fraser meets the exiled

:00:53. > :00:54.

:00:54. > :01:04.in Paris, fighting to topple Syria's regime. A graffiti artist

:01:04. > :01:05.

:01:05. > :01:09.in New York creating memorials with a very personal connection. Women's

:01:09. > :01:13.rights activists in Afghanistan say the international community is

:01:13. > :01:20.preparing to abandon them in their rush to withdraw troops from the

:01:20. > :01:26.country. Women's rights has been one of the reasons given for

:01:26. > :01:30.toppling the Taliban, but they fear that advances could be reversed if

:01:30. > :01:35.a peace deal is done with the Taliban. They believe women and

:01:35. > :01:40.their concerns could be side land at the conference on the future of

:01:40. > :01:45.Afghanistan. Our correspondent reports. Fashioning a new future

:01:45. > :01:52.for themselves and their country. Every stitch is testament to a

:01:52. > :01:58.fragile freedom. Under the Taliban Afghan women were trapped at home,

:01:58. > :02:03.uneducated and unemployed. Scroll forward ten years and they make up

:02:03. > :02:10.half the workforce at this design company where they work alongside

:02:10. > :02:17.men. This woman says she is proud to be the breadwinner for her two

:02:17. > :02:22.younger brothers. The company's founder worries about the outlook

:02:22. > :02:27.if there is reconciliation with the insurgents. None of the Taliban

:02:27. > :02:37.have said they are moderate. We are fooling ourselves if we believe

:02:37. > :02:38.

:02:38. > :02:44.that the Taliban has changed their tune or philosophy on mandate. They

:02:44. > :02:48.have not claimed that they have changed. There are big plans for

:02:48. > :02:54.this business. They hope to begin exporting to the US and Europe and

:02:54. > :03:00.to create a few hundred jobs. All of that might be possible in the

:03:00. > :03:06.future if that future is not shaped by the Taliban. In areas under

:03:06. > :03:12.Taliban control women are still voiceless and helpless. This 25-

:03:12. > :03:16.year-old woman's final moments are captured in this January footage.

:03:16. > :03:24.For the crime of adultery the Taliban's turned her and then shot

:03:24. > :03:30.her dead. This is another of their targets, a prominent Member of

:03:30. > :03:37.Parliament who survived a Taliban ambush on her car last year. This

:03:37. > :03:39.outspoken activist refuses to be silence, but she fears that Afghan

:03:39. > :03:49.women could soon be abandoned by the international community which

:03:49. > :03:49.

:03:49. > :03:55.promised them so much. They seemed to turn their face to the wall on

:03:55. > :04:00.the issues and just leave us. That could put us even more at risk

:04:00. > :04:05.because we have been outspoken about what we want. Her eldest

:04:05. > :04:10.daughter is studying hard to be an aerospace engineer. But she and her

:04:10. > :04:16.younger sister are afraid for themselves and their mother. They

:04:16. > :04:23.want a future outside Afghanistan. BBC News, Kabul. Tensions between

:04:23. > :04:27.native forces and Pakistan have he took a low point since the alliance

:04:27. > :04:32.killed 24 Pakistani troops in a cross-border air strike. The

:04:32. > :04:39.government in Islamabad has reacted very angrily. Militants are

:04:39. > :04:44.crossing regularly from Pakistan to attack US and Afghan forces.

:04:45. > :04:51.Quendon Somerville was with troops when the outpost was attacked by

:04:51. > :04:56.insurgents firing across the Pakistan border. In the skies above

:04:56. > :05:06.Afghanistan's most eastern edge, a delivery to a remote American base.

:05:06. > :05:10.The airdrop landed right on target just 5km from the Pakistan border.

:05:10. > :05:19.As Afghan and US soldiers go to retrieve the supplies, insurgents

:05:19. > :05:23.in the hills nearby are watching. Suddenly the bases under red-tagged.

:05:23. > :05:28.You have just heard another explosion near the base. That is

:05:28. > :05:33.the third we have heard. That landed just outside the perimeter

:05:33. > :05:43.walls. Some of the shelling watch coming from insurgents across the

:05:43. > :05:49.

:05:49. > :05:54.border inside Pakistan. Charlie Company were quick to respond. The

:05:54. > :06:00.company's sergeant to explain the origin of the attacks. It seems

:06:00. > :06:09.like they are coming from the east. They are. And that he is the way we

:06:09. > :06:13.would expect them to fire. It is the quickest way out of the area.

:06:13. > :06:22.With each shelling, the insurgents were narrowing their aim and

:06:23. > :06:28.getting closer to their target. As the shells continued to fall, a 16

:06:28. > :06:33.fighters were called in. Heavy artillery hit positions a few

:06:33. > :06:38.hundred metres inside Pakistan, bringing the attack to an end. No-

:06:38. > :06:44.one on the base was injured. This is a border under strain like never

:06:44. > :06:50.before. Insurgents move freely across it and it hardly seems to

:06:50. > :06:57.exist. BBC News, southern Afghanistan. The Arab League and

:06:57. > :07:01.now be looking more united on Syria, but it is a different story at the

:07:01. > :07:05.UN where there are deep divisions within the Security Council. The US

:07:05. > :07:08.and other Western powers want decisive action on the bloodshed in

:07:09. > :07:15.Syria, but Russia is sticking to its view that political dialogue is

:07:15. > :07:20.needed. A key question is what kind of government would replace the

:07:20. > :07:24.Assad regime? The most prominent opposition groupies the Syrian

:07:25. > :07:30.National Council. Its exiled leadership is based in Paris and

:07:30. > :07:34.Christian Fraser has been meeting some of its key figures. It is the

:07:34. > :07:39.kind of VIP security commonly reserved for high-ranking diplomats

:07:40. > :07:46.and politicians. Hurtling to meetings under 24-hour police

:07:46. > :07:50.protection is neither of those, not yet. But as part of the new Syrian

:07:50. > :07:55.opposition, she and her co- conspirators are higher than the

:07:55. > :07:58.targets as they attempt to bring down the Assad regime. We have

:07:58. > :08:06.different working habits and come from different professional

:08:06. > :08:11.horizons. We are physically not always able to meet. Skype is our

:08:11. > :08:16.strategic tool to connect with each other. Setting the mechanisms for

:08:16. > :08:25.working is quite a challenge. world leaders are beginning to pay

:08:25. > :08:28.attention. Recently the SNC travel to Russia, Britain, China and

:08:28. > :08:32.Turkey. In its bid to win international approval, the

:08:32. > :08:36.fledgling opposition is moving quickly to give the appearance of a

:08:36. > :08:41.transitional government in waiting. There are lessons to be learned

:08:41. > :08:45.from other countries which form part of the Arab Spring, but some

:08:46. > :08:49.intellectuals believe that Western powers are putting too much onus on

:08:49. > :08:56.the SNC and at the same time playing into the hands of the Assad

:08:56. > :09:02.regime. We are asking it to prove that it is viable, United, coherent,

:09:02. > :09:09.a valid alternative to the regime. And of course it is not because no

:09:09. > :09:15.regime survives for that long by allowing an alternative to survive.

:09:15. > :09:20.The French Foreign Minister has now met twice with the SNC leader and

:09:20. > :09:26.there is a complication. The involvement of a free Syrian army,

:09:26. > :09:31.the defectors turning their guns on the regime. The normal reaction

:09:31. > :09:36.would provoke civil war inside Syria and could be the worse

:09:36. > :09:42.situation for the country. As the threat of civil war men's, so the

:09:42. > :09:47.shuttle diplomacy gathers phase. Next month the SNC leader well over

:09:47. > :09:54.see the election of an assembly with permanent staff in Paris and

:09:54. > :09:59.Cairo. They hope to bring together as many factions as they can and

:09:59. > :10:09.the greater its success the more isolated President Assad will

:10:09. > :10:11.

:10:11. > :10:18.In Libya is more than one month since the country was declared

:10:18. > :10:26.liberated but there are still stockpiles of weapons around. The

:10:26. > :10:32.West has expressed concern that they could find their way into the

:10:32. > :10:37.hands of foreign another -- militants.

:10:37. > :10:45.Libya is not yet completely at points -- peace. Although it has

:10:45. > :10:50.been an extraordinary few months live almost seems normal -- and

:10:50. > :10:57.life almost seems normal only a fraction of weapons have been

:10:57. > :11:07.returned. Ordinary people took up Ham's -- arms against the regime.

:11:07. > :11:09.

:11:09. > :11:18.Now, with the guns almost silent, we discover the weapons rooms of

:11:18. > :11:23.Colonel Gaddafi. They are almost empty. In the grounds of this

:11:23. > :11:30.nearby hotel are further signs of plunder. This massive trench

:11:30. > :11:39.concealed an arsenal of weapons. In included rocket propelled grenades

:11:39. > :11:47.and machine-guns. We even found fielders from a chemical respirator.

:11:47. > :11:55.-- filters. How much is still out there? We're heading east to find

:11:55. > :12:01.out. My guide gives assurances at the weapons are safe. He says the

:12:01. > :12:08.Web -- rebels will not sell them or smuggle them across the border. He

:12:08. > :12:13.tells -- shows us what they have secured. This is one of 13 Scud

:12:13. > :12:19.missiles salvaged from the desert. It is not these kind of war

:12:19. > :12:27.trophies that are worrying the world. It is these. Picture here is

:12:27. > :12:33.a rebel fighter with a shoulder launched a missile. Portable and

:12:33. > :12:40.easy to use it is also easy to hide. It is the weapon of choice for Al-

:12:40. > :12:48.Qaeda. Americans say they could be 20,000 of them. They worried they

:12:48. > :12:54.could end up in the wrong hands. have made an investigation for all

:12:54. > :13:01.those weapons. Despite extraordinary access to such bars

:13:01. > :13:08.of weapons we have seen no evidence of the portable missile so powerful

:13:08. > :13:14.they could bring a plane down. The old military assets of Libya

:13:14. > :13:17.lobbied used by a new army. Reports that some weapons across borders is

:13:17. > :13:22.shaking the confidence of neighbours.

:13:22. > :13:27.Iran has more than one million historical sites, many of them

:13:27. > :13:34.dating back thousands of years. They have been given or cockles

:13:34. > :13:44.status by UNESCO. There is concern about damage that has been downed

:13:44. > :13:48.

:13:48. > :13:53.by elements and modernisation. Trying to fix the damage to this

:13:53. > :14:01.monument, the world's oldest. It is under the threat of destruction.

:14:01. > :14:05.Iran has more than one million listed monuments. In recent years

:14:05. > :14:12.many been destroyed during danger of being damaged. The destruction

:14:12. > :14:18.comes in different forms. Some say this site is under threat because

:14:18. > :14:25.of new the discovered oil and gas sites nearby. TRANSLATION: Natural

:14:25. > :14:31.factors including wind and rain for her contributed to the damage to

:14:31. > :14:34.the site. Historical experts say that many sites are badly managed.

:14:34. > :14:43.People in charge of doing these things do not know the basics of

:14:43. > :14:52.what they're supposed to be doing. And, to be frank, they don't even

:14:52. > :15:00.bother to consult with specialists. Nature or mismanagement? The cracks

:15:00. > :15:06.are spreading over historical sites. The safety of this 16th century

:15:06. > :15:16.imperial palace is now the centre of attention for archaeologists.

:15:16. > :15:16.

:15:16. > :15:21.They blame it tourists and site Segers -- site Sears. Also at a

:15:21. > :15:31.nearby transport facility. Preservation efforts are now under

:15:31. > :15:33.

:15:33. > :15:36.way but some critics take more than two decades to complete.

:15:36. > :15:43.TRANSLATION: Diesel important places and we need to spend more

:15:43. > :15:48.time to keep them in shape -- these are all important. In the past year

:15:48. > :15:53.Iran registered more sites on the World Heritage List. Archaeologists

:15:53. > :15:57.say that much more must be done to preserve it even more.

:15:57. > :16:07.It is just over one year since the blow-out of the Deepwater Horizon

:16:07. > :16:13.at wreak. And now a new series of world is about the dark in even

:16:13. > :16:17.deeper water. It would take place in Cuban waters not far from the

:16:17. > :16:23.Florida coast. International oil companies are lining up to take

:16:23. > :16:29.part but the plans have angered environmentalists as well as the

:16:29. > :16:39.Cuban-American lobby. Cuba has some oil production

:16:39. > :16:44.

:16:44. > :16:48.although its small onshore sites do not provide -- only provide a magic

:16:48. > :16:58.-- minority of its oil needs. Offshore they believe there is much

:16:58. > :17:12.

:17:12. > :17:20.wills -- Wells starting from next year. The Cuban ageing leadership

:17:20. > :17:26.hopes that it will make Cuba more independent. It is a nightmare for

:17:26. > :17:36.anti-Cuba and lobbyists. The drilling will take place out at sea.

:17:36. > :17:44.Just 15 -- 50 miles away from a Florida. If there was an accident

:17:44. > :17:51.that is where the oil spill would washer saw -- washed ashore. Under

:17:51. > :17:55.the terms of the trade embargo and nobody could come to the assistance

:17:55. > :18:03.of Cuba. The Barack Obama administration is in a difficult

:18:03. > :18:09.position. An election is looming and the Cuban-American lobbying --

:18:09. > :18:15.lobby wants action to stop the drilling taking place.

:18:15. > :18:23.Environmentalists and the oil industry want the Americans to work

:18:23. > :18:30.with Cuba. We need to prepare them for the kind of things they need to

:18:30. > :18:35.know it to make sure we are protected in terms of a spill.

:18:35. > :18:45.US clean-up terms -- firms would be allowed to operate in Cuban waters

:18:45. > :18:45.

:18:45. > :18:50.if needed. In return American officials could inspect the Chinese

:18:50. > :18:55.wreak. If you drive through the streets of

:18:55. > :19:00.many major at cities you are bound to see walls covered in graffiti

:19:00. > :19:07.but for some artists in New York there are comes with a stronger

:19:07. > :19:17.message. A group designs memorials to those who have died in the South

:19:17. > :19:23.Bronx. Graffiti murals cannot -- grow out

:19:23. > :19:30.of the Bronx in the 1980s and 1990s. It was one of the birthplaces of

:19:30. > :19:35.the movement. This is one of the ponies. He is one of the artists in

:19:35. > :19:39.this group. Images and paintings like this

:19:39. > :19:44.belong in neighbourhoods like this because this is what will bring art

:19:44. > :19:50.and culture to a lot of kids in the neighbourhood. Over the years the

:19:50. > :19:56.group has grown from an outside -- outlaw groups to well-respected

:19:56. > :20:06.artists. They have never forgotten their roots. They have never

:20:06. > :20:07.

:20:07. > :20:16.forgotten gun violence. This is mad mark. In one if his gigs his

:20:16. > :20:21.stopped a guide from coming in and the guy came back and shot him.

:20:21. > :20:30.lot of things have changed but sadly a lot of things have not.

:20:30. > :20:37.sad Bronx is still one of -- South Bronx is still one of the poorest

:20:37. > :20:46.areas in the country. Since 2009 the murder rate is up by 29%.

:20:46. > :20:54.Notice, like that of a 24-year-old man. His mother and sister asked

:20:54. > :21:00.for a smaller, more personal memorial. I cried myself to sleep

:21:00. > :21:08.every night. Christine is not the anyone who has had to deal with

:21:09. > :21:15.this kind of pain. After her brother spent decades trying to

:21:15. > :21:21.bring attention to the issue of violence it hit him. He was killed

:21:21. > :21:31.by a stray bullet at a barbeque. He was only 24. You never know what's

:21:31. > :21:37.

:21:37. > :21:43.coming around the corner. There is no real guarantee for anyone. I'm

:21:43. > :21:50.still going to write his name and dedicate everything to him. It is